A device for quickly and safely disposing of solid waste under emergency conditions

Abstract

This utility model discloses a rapid and safe solid waste disposal device under emergency conditions, comprising at least three containers. The first container houses a waste crushing device and a waste bin, which receives the solid waste crushed by the crushing device. The second container houses a feeding device, a pyrolysis gasification furnace, a heat exchanger, a cooling tower, and a waste bin elevator, which pours the solid waste from the waste bin into the feeding device. The third container houses an exhaust gas treatment device, where the exhaust gas from the pyrolysis gasification furnace is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device via an air inlet duct after passing through the heat exchanger. Compared with existing technologies, in this utility model, solid waste is crushed in the first container; then, the waste bin elevator feeds the feeding device, which then performs pyrolysis gasification in the pyrolysis gasification furnace. The exhaust gas, after heat exchange in the heat exchanger, enters the exhaust gas treatment device for harmless treatment via the air inlet duct. The containers facilitate rapid movement, deployment, and use under emergency conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of solid waste treatment technology, and in particular to a device for rapid and safe disposal of solid waste under emergency conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Solid waste (such as municipal solid waste, green solid waste, agricultural and forestry biomass waste, plastics, textiles, paper, etc.) undergoes high-temperature pyrolysis gasification to produce pyrolysis gas, pyrolysis oil, and pyrolysis residue. Due to the complex composition of solid waste, the pyrolysis gas produced by gasification also has a very complex composition, typically containing dust particles, NOx, SO2, HCl, H2O, H2, CH4, CO, CO2, dioxins, etc. The pyrolysis gas needs to be treated to meet the pollution control standards for municipal solid waste incineration and other relevant laws and regulations before being released into the atmosphere. A complete system of solid waste pyrolysis gasification furnace and exhaust gas treatment is generally installed in a fixed indoor space with a stable supply of water, electricity, and gas, and sufficient installation space and time. However, in emergency situations such as natural disasters, war, or other situations lacking public facilities, using pyrolysis gasification technology to treat solid waste faces new challenges and technical difficulties, such as rapid transportation, rapid installation, rapid use, harmless treatment, and energy conservation. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention provides a rapid and safe solid waste disposal device under emergency conditions, which solves the problem that existing equipment cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of good solid waste treatment effect and rapid transportation and use.

[0004] This utility model provides a rapid and safe solid waste disposal device under emergency conditions, comprising at least three containers. The first container contains a waste crushing device and a waste bin, which is used to receive solid waste crushed by the waste crushing device. The second container contains a feeding device, a pyrolysis gasification furnace, a heat exchanger, a cooling tower, and a waste bin elevator, which is used to pour the solid waste in the waste bin into the feeding device. The third container contains an exhaust gas treatment device, and the exhaust gas from the pyrolysis gasification furnace is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device through an air inlet pipe after passing through the heat exchanger.

[0005] Preferably, the waste crushing device includes: a feed hopper, a belt conveyor, and a shredder, with the feed hopper and the shredder connected to both ends of the belt conveyor, respectively.

[0006] Preferably, a diesel generator is located in the first container near the belt conveyor.

[0007] Preferably, the first container has a partition along its length, the waste crushing device and the diesel generator are respectively located on both sides of the partition, the waste bin and the diesel generator are located on the same side of the first container, the partition extends between the waste bin and the diesel generator, and a passage is provided on the partition between the waste bin and the waste crushing device.

[0008] Preferably, the pyrolysis gasification furnace includes: a pyrolysis gasification tank, a first combustion tank, and a second combustion tank. The outlet of the feeding device is connected to the pyrolysis gasification tank, the exhaust gas outlet of the pyrolysis gasification tank is connected to the first combustion tank, the exhaust gas outlet of the first combustion tank is connected to the second combustion tank, and the exhaust gas outlet of the second combustion tank is connected to a heat exchanger.

[0009] Preferably, an oxygen supplement fan and a hydraulic station are located near the feeding device, and the oxygen supplement pipe of the oxygen supplement fan extends into the first combustion tank.

[0010] Preferably, the hydraulic station is equipped with a diesel tank on the side away from the feeding device.

[0011] Preferably, the cooling tower and heat exchanger are located at both ends of the second container, and a water tank is provided between the diesel tank and the cooling tower.

[0012] Preferably, the exhaust gas treatment device includes: a desulfurization device, a denitrification device, a bag filter, an activated carbon adsorption device, and an exhaust device. The nozzle of the denitrification device is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the second combustion tank inside the second container. The air inlet pipe is connected to the desulfurization device. The desulfurization device is connected to the bag filter through a pipe. The bag filter is connected to the activated carbon adsorption device through a pipe. The activated carbon adsorption device discharges exhaust gas through the exhaust device. The air inlet pipe passes through the third container and is connected to the heat exchanger inside the second container.

[0013] Preferably, the exhaust device includes an induced draft fan and a chimney, the chimney being connected to the outlet of the induced draft fan and extending from the top of the third container, and the induced draft fan being connected to the outlet of the activated carbon adsorption device.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, in this invention, solid waste is crushed in the first container; the crushed solid waste is transferred to garbage bins, then fed into the feeding device via a garbage bin elevator, and then pyrolyzed and gasified in a pyrolysis gasification furnace. The exhaust gas is then heat-exchanged by a heat exchanger and enters the exhaust gas treatment device in the third container through an air inlet duct for harmless treatment. The containers facilitate rapid movement, deployment, and use in emergency situations. Secondly, the cooling tower allows operation even without an external water supply, enabling rapid and safe disposal of solid waste in emergency conditions. The hot water generated by the heat exchanger is cooled and recycled through the cooling tower, providing hot water for domestic use in emergency situations, thus saving energy and reducing consumption. Thirdly, by installing a diesel generator, operation is possible even without external power supply, requiring only diesel fuel, achieving rapid and safe disposal of solid waste in emergency situations. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first container of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second container of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the third container of this utility model.

[0020] Figure label:

[0021] 1. Container, 2. Waste crushing device, 3. Garbage bin, 4. Feeding device, 5. Pyrolysis gasification furnace, 6. Heat exchanger, 7. Cooling tower, 8. Garbage bin elevator, 9. Exhaust gas treatment device, 01. Air inlet duct, 02. Diesel generator, 03. Partition, 04. Passageway, 05. Hydraulic station, 06. Diesel tank, 07. Water tank, 08. Tool storage area, 09. Control box, 010. Gas tank, 011. Air compressor, 012. Aeration fan, 21. Feed hopper, 22. Belt conveyor, 23. Shredder, 91. Desulfurization device, 92. Denitrification device, 93. Bag filter, 94. Activated carbon adsorption device, 95. Exhaust device, 951. Exhaust fan, 952. Chimney. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0023] See attached document Figure 1 This utility model provides a rapid and safe solid waste disposal device under emergency conditions, comprising at least three containers 1, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 The first container 1 contains a waste shredder 2 and a waste bin 3. The waste bin 3 is used to receive solid waste shredded by the waste shredder 2. (See attached diagram.) Figure 3 The second container 1 contains a feeding device 4, a pyrolysis gasification furnace 5, a heat exchanger 6, a cooling tower 7, and a garbage bin elevator 8. The garbage bin elevator 8 is used to pour solid waste from the garbage bins 3 into the feeding device 4. The third container 1 contains a tail gas treatment device 9. The tail gas from the pyrolysis gasification furnace 5 is connected to the tail gas treatment device 9 through the air inlet pipe 01 after passing through the heat exchanger 6. This utility model installs solid waste treatment equipment in multiple containers 1. The solid waste crushing equipment is installed in the first container 1, the pyrolysis gasification equipment is installed in the second container 1, and the tail gas treatment equipment is installed in the third container 1. Solid waste is crushed in the first container 1. The crushed solid waste is transferred to garbage bins 3 and fed through the garbage bin elevator 8 in the second container 1. Pyrolysis gasification is carried out in the second container 1, and the ash is discharged through the slag discharge device. The tail gas is heated by the heat exchanger 6 and enters the third container 1 through the air inlet pipe 01. The tail gas is treated by the tail gas treatment device 9 to achieve harmlessness before being discharged into the atmosphere. Container 1 facilitates rapid movement, deployment, and use in emergency situations. Secondly, the hot water generated by heat exchanger 6 is cooled and recycled through cooling tower 7, and can also provide hot water for daily life in emergency situations, thus saving energy and reducing consumption.

[0024] One embodiment of the waste crushing device 2: Refer to the attached document. Figure 2 The waste shredding device 2 includes a feed hopper 21, a belt conveyor 22, and a shredder 23. The two ends of the belt conveyor 22 are connected to the feed hopper 21 and the shredder 23, respectively. Solid waste is fed into the feed hopper 21, conveyed by the belt conveyor 22 to the shredder 23, where it is shredded into shredded material of a certain size and specification, facilitating subsequent efficient pyrolysis and gasification. The shredded solid waste is then placed in a waste bin 3 and transferred to the second container 1.

[0025] In another embodiment of this utility model, a diesel generator 02 is installed in the first container 1 near the belt conveyor 22. By installing the diesel generator 02, the system can operate by consuming only diesel fuel when there is no external power supply, thus enabling rapid and safe disposal of solid waste under emergency conditions.

[0026] As another embodiment of this utility model: a partition 03 is provided inside the first container 1 along its length direction, the garbage crushing device 2 and the diesel generator 02 are respectively located on both sides of the partition 03, the garbage bin 3 and the diesel generator 02 are located on the same side of the first container 1, the partition 03 extends between the garbage bin 3 and the diesel generator 02, and a channel 04 is provided on the partition 03 between the garbage bin 3 and the garbage crushing device 2. This structural design helps to reduce safety hazards.

[0027] One embodiment of the pyrolysis gasification furnace 5: Refer to the appendix Figure 3 The pyrolysis gasification furnace 5 includes a pyrolysis gasification tank, a first combustion tank, and a second combustion tank. The outlet of the feeding device 4 is connected to the pyrolysis gasification tank, the tail gas outlet of the pyrolysis gasification tank is connected to the first combustion tank, the tail gas outlet of the first combustion tank is connected to the second combustion tank, and the tail gas outlet of the second combustion tank is connected to the heat exchanger 6. The feeding device 4 feeds solid waste into the pyrolysis gasification tank. After pyrolysis and gasification in the pyrolysis gasification furnace 5, the generated gas flows through a connecting pipe at the top of the tank to the first combustion tank. The burner at the top of the first combustion tank ignites the gas, which then burns in the first combustion tank. Unburned gas enters the second combustion tank through the connecting pipe and continues to burn there. The gas burned in the second combustion tank then enters the heat exchanger 6. Through this structural design, dioxins and combustible gases can be eliminated through multiple combustion processes.

[0028] As another embodiment of this utility model: an oxygen supplement fan 012 and a hydraulic station 05 are provided near the feeding device 4. The oxygen supplement pipe of the oxygen supplement fan 012 extends into the first combustion tank. The oxygen supplement fan 012 also supplements oxygen to the pyrolysis gasification tank.

[0029] As another embodiment of this utility model: a diesel tank 06 is provided on the side of the hydraulic station 05 away from the feeding device 4, and the diesel tank 06 is used to provide diesel fuel to the diesel generator 02.

[0030] As another embodiment of this utility model: the cooling tower 7 and the heat exchanger 6 are located at both ends of the second container 1, and a water tank 07 is provided between the diesel tank 06 and the cooling tower 7. By setting up the water tank 07 and the cooling tower 7, it can work even without an external water supply, thus realizing the rapid and safe disposal of solid waste under emergency conditions.

[0031] One embodiment of exhaust gas treatment device 9: Refer to the attached document. Figure 4The exhaust gas treatment device 9 includes: a desulfurization device 91, a denitrification device 92, a bag filter 93, an activated carbon adsorption device 94, and an exhaust device 95. The nozzle of the denitrification device 92 is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the second combustion tank inside the second container 1. The denitrification device 92 pressurizes and injects urea solution into the pipeline between the second combustion tank and the heat exchanger 6, where SNCR high-temperature denitrification treatment is performed to remove NO from the exhaust gas. x The denitrified exhaust gas, reduced to N2, enters heat exchanger 6. Inlet duct 01 connects to desulfurization unit 91, which sprays quicklime into the rapidly cooled exhaust gas duct, reacting with acidic gases such as SO2 and HCl to generate particles like CaSO3 and CaCl2. Desulfurization unit 91 connects to bag filter 93 via a pipe, allowing the desulfurized / deacidified exhaust gas to undergo dust removal and further desulfurization on the filter bags. Bag filter 93 connects to activated carbon adsorption unit 94 via a pipe, allowing the dust-removed exhaust gas to further adsorb dust particles and organic gases. Activated carbon adsorption unit 94 discharges purified exhaust gas through exhaust device 95. Inlet duct 01 passes through the third container 1 and connects to heat exchanger 6 inside the second container 1. In this design, the exhaust gas treatment unit 9 performs full-component harmless treatment of the pyrolysis gasification exhaust gas, eliminating the risk of secondary air pollution.

[0032] One embodiment of the exhaust system 95: The exhaust system 95 includes an induced draft fan 951 and a chimney 952. The chimney 952 is connected to the outlet of the induced draft fan 951 and extends from the top of the third container 1. The induced draft fan 951 is connected to the outlet of the activated carbon adsorption device 94. The exhaust gas purified to meet the standards in the activated carbon adsorption device 94 is drawn by the induced draft fan 951 and discharged into the atmosphere from the chimney.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A rapid and safe solid waste disposal device under emergency conditions, characterized in that, The system comprises at least three containers. The first container contains a waste crushing device and a waste bin, which is used to receive solid waste crushed by the waste crushing device. The second container contains a feeding device, a pyrolysis gasification furnace, a heat exchanger, a cooling tower, and a waste bin elevator, which is used to pour the solid waste from the waste bin into the feeding device. The third container contains an exhaust gas treatment device, and the exhaust gas from the pyrolysis gasification furnace is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device through an air inlet pipe after passing through the heat exchanger.

2. The rapid and safe solid waste disposal device under emergency conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste crushing device includes a feed hopper, a belt conveyor, and a shredder, with the feed hopper and the shredder connected to both ends of the belt conveyor, respectively.

3. The rapid and safe solid waste disposal device under emergency conditions according to claim 2, characterized in that, A diesel generator is located in the first container, near the belt conveyor.

4. The rapid and safe solid waste disposal device under emergency conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first container has a partition along its length. The waste crushing device and the diesel generator are located on opposite sides of the partition. The waste bin and the diesel generator are located on the same side of the first container. The partition extends between the waste bin and the diesel generator. A passage is provided on the partition between the waste bin and the waste crushing device.

5. The rapid and safe solid waste disposal device under emergency conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pyrolysis gasification furnace includes: a pyrolysis gasification tank, a first combustion tank, and a second combustion tank. The outlet of the feeding device is connected to the pyrolysis gasification tank, the exhaust gas outlet of the pyrolysis gasification tank is connected to the first combustion tank, the exhaust gas outlet of the first combustion tank is connected to the second combustion tank, and the exhaust gas outlet of the second combustion tank is connected to a heat exchanger.

6. The rapid and safe solid waste disposal device under emergency conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that, An oxygen supplement fan and a hydraulic station are located near the feeding device, and the oxygen supplement pipe of the oxygen supplement fan extends into the first combustion tank.

7. The rapid and safe solid waste disposal device under emergency conditions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hydraulic station is equipped with a diesel tank on the side away from the feeding device.

8. The rapid and safe solid waste disposal device under emergency conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cooling tower and heat exchanger are located at both ends of the second container, and a water tank is provided between the diesel tank and the cooling tower.

9. The rapid and safe solid waste disposal device under emergency conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust gas treatment device includes: a desulfurization device, a denitrification device, a bag filter, an activated carbon adsorption device, and an exhaust device. The nozzle of the denitrification device is connected to the exhaust gas outlet of the second combustion tank in the second container. The air inlet pipe is connected to the desulfurization device. The desulfurization device is connected to the bag filter through a pipe. The bag filter is connected to the activated carbon adsorption device through a pipe. The activated carbon adsorption device discharges exhaust gas through the exhaust device. The air inlet pipe passes through the third container and is connected to the heat exchanger in the second container.

10. The rapid and safe solid waste disposal device under emergency conditions according to claim 9, characterized in that, The exhaust system includes an induced draft fan and a chimney, the chimney being connected to the outlet of the induced draft fan and extending from the top of the third container, the induced draft fan being connected to the outlet of the activated carbon adsorption device.

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