A red mud-based intelligent sensing unit

Abstract

This utility model discloses a red mud-based intelligent sensing unit. The red mud-based intelligent sensing unit introduces the ambient temperature and humidity medium through an air channel structure, increasing the contact area between the material and the temperature and humidity, thus solving the problem of lag in temperature and humidity transmission in traditional I-shaped structures. Compared with traditional rectangular cross-sections, the hexagonal structure design increases the surface area in contact with the environment for the same cross-sectional area, improving the contact efficiency between temperature and humidity and the material. The use of electrode rings greatly improves the integrity of the material at the electrode position, reduces stress concentration, and reduces structural defects. The threaded structure and bolt connection improve the connection reliability, achieve rigid mechanical fixation, and transform the connection part between the sensor and the monitoring system into a rigid integral structure, improving durability, reducing problems such as exposed wire joints and poor contact, blocking the intrusion of moisture and impurities, and solving the protection blind spots of traditional wire joints.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of structural monitoring technology in civil engineering, and in particular to a red mud-based intelligent sensing unit. Background Technology

[0002] Bayer red mud is a byproduct of the aluminum industry and one of the largest industrial wastes in the non-ferrous metals sector. Existing methods for red mud recycling and comprehensive utilization are increasingly inadequate to cope with the year-on-year increase in red mud emissions, while the effective utilization rate of red mud is low. Using red mud as a cementing material is an effective way to consume large quantities of red mud, and its unique chemical composition and physical properties also provide potential possibilities for resource utilization. Patent 2024115374186 describes a conductive network structure in which red mud is used as a granular conductive material and carbon fiber is used as a fibrous conductive material. This structure features high strain sensitivity and good stability, and the I-shaped strain gauge can bond more tightly with concrete, making it highly adaptable to the load environment. However, the grid electrodes disrupt the integrity of the concrete, and the traditional I-shaped "solid structure" suffers from lag in temperature and humidity transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of this utility model: The purpose of this utility model is to provide a red mud-based intelligent sensing unit that solves the problem of temperature and humidity transmission lag; another purpose of this utility model is to provide a multi-parameter collaborative monitoring system using Bayer red mud and a smart composite material sensor with temperature and humidity sensitivity.

[0004] Technical solution: The red mud-based intelligent sensing unit of this utility model includes a red mud base, electrodes and bolts. The electrodes are electrode rings, and there are no fewer than two electrode rings. The red mud base is a polygonal prism structure, and several air channels are opened through the red mud base. A metal thread structure is opened on the surface of the red mud base, and the other end of the metal thread structure is connected to the electrode ring. The bolt is used to fix the wire to the metal thread structure, and the wire is electrically connected to the electrode ring.

[0005] Furthermore, the bolt head has a nitrile rubber ring.

[0006] Furthermore, the electrode ring is a nickel-plated brass electrode ring.

[0007] Furthermore, the air passages are parallel to the edges of the red mud matrix.

[0008] Preferably, the airway projection is located within the electrode ring.

[0009] Preferably, the number of electrode rings is 2 and the number of airways is 6.

[0010] Preferably, the red mud substrate has a hexagonal prism structure with a base length of 18-20 mm, an edge length of 100-120 mm, an airway diameter of 1-1.2 mm, and an electrode ring diameter of 26-28 mm.

[0011] The Bayer red mud-enhanced temperature and humidity sensitivity intelligent composite material sensor monitoring system of this utility model includes a power supply, a digital multimeter, an intelligent analysis module, and the aforementioned red mud-based intelligent sensing unit.

[0012] Preferably, the intelligent parsing module includes a data serial port module, a computing unit, and a database.

[0013] Beneficial Effects: Compared with existing technologies, this utility model has the following advantages: 1. This utility model introduces environmental temperature and humidity medium through an air duct structure, increasing the contact area between the material and temperature and humidity, thus solving the problem of delayed temperature and humidity transmission in traditional I-shaped "solid structures"; 2. Compared with traditional rectangular cross-sections, the hexagonal structure design of this utility model increases the surface area in contact with the environment under the same cross-sectional area, improving the contact efficiency between temperature and humidity and the material; 3. This utility model uses an electrode ring, which greatly improves the integrity of the material at the electrode position, reduces stress concentration, and reduces structural defects; 4. This utility model improves connection reliability through threaded structure and bolt connection, solving the problems of welded electrodes being easily affected by construction methods or loads during operation, and wires being prone to loosening and detachment. Rigid mechanical fixing is achieved through bolt tightening, transforming the connection between the sensor and the monitoring system into a rigid integral structure, improving durability, reducing wire joint exposure and poor contact, blocking the intrusion of moisture and impurities, and solving the "protection blind spot" of traditional wire joints; 5. This utility model constructs a complete monitoring system, realizing the integration of "sensing-acquisition-analysis," transforming single strain sensing... Expanded to "multi-parameter collaborative monitoring". Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the red mud-based intelligent sensing unit of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a side view of the red mud-based intelligent sensing unit of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the intelligent composite material sensor monitoring system of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 The temperature sensitivity results are shown for a sensor that does not contain carbon fiber.

[0018] Figure 5 The image shows the temperature sensitivity results of the carbon fiber-containing sensor.

[0019] Figure 6The humidity sensitivity results are shown for a sensor that does not contain carbon fiber.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a graph showing the humidity sensitivity results of a sensor containing carbon fiber. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] The red mud-based intelligent sensing unit of this utility model includes a red mud base, electrodes, and bolts. The electrodes are electrode rings 6, which are nickel-plated brass electrode rings, and the number of rings is not specified. The red mud base has a hexagonal prism structure with six air channels 5 penetrating it. The air channels are parallel to the edges of the red mud base, and their projections are located within the electrode rings. A metal threaded structure 7 is formed on the surface of the red mud base. The other end of the metal threaded structure is connected to the electrode rings 6. Bolts are used to fix wires 2 to the metal threaded structure 7, and wires 2 are electrically connected to the electrode rings 6. The red mud base has a hexagonal prism structure with a base length of 18mm, an edge length of 100mm, an air channel diameter of 1mm, and an electrode ring diameter of 26mm.

[0023] Preferably, the bolt head has a nitrile rubber ring. The wire 2 is connected to the threaded hole structure 7 via a bolt, and the nitrile rubber ring on the bolt head enhances the waterproof effect. The threaded connection achieves the operation process of "tightening to fix and contact to conduct".

[0024] The Bayer red mud-enhanced temperature and humidity sensitivity intelligent composite material sensor monitoring system of this utility model includes an input power supply (DC10 V), a GDM-8255 digital multimeter (for testing resistivity, with automatic resistivity data acquisition at 1-60 second intervals), an intelligent analysis module, and the aforementioned red mud-based intelligent sensing unit. The intelligent analysis module includes a data serial port module, a computing unit, and a database.

[0025] The core controller of the intelligent analysis module receives resistivity data from the test device via a serial port, calculates FCR, TSC, WSC, and SC in real time, and stores them in a local database.

[0026] Using this invention for testing, the temperature sensitivity coefficient (TSC, % / ℃) was used to quantify the resistivity's response to temperature; the moisture content sensitivity coefficient (WSC, % / %) was used to quantify the resistivity's sensitivity to moisture content; and the stress sensitivity coefficient (SC, % / MPa) was used to quantify the resistivity's sensitivity to stress. Test results:

[0027] (1) Temperature sensitivity:

[0028] The results show that temperature changes have a significant impact on resistivity. As temperature increases, resistivity decreases significantly. Figure 4 As shown, when the temperature rises to 80℃, the resistivity change rate (FCR) of the reference group is -62.65%. This change is attributed to the temperature sensitivity of ion mobility in free water. The effect of temperature increase on the conductivity of concrete is mainly reflected in the following two aspects: first, it reduces the viscosity of pore water, reducing the resistance to ion migration; second, it increases the thermal energy of the system, intensifying the thermal motion of ions in the solution and improving ion migration ability. The synergistic effect of these two effects significantly improves the ion current transmission efficiency, thereby leading to a decrease in resistivity. The TSC of BR4 is 0.94% / ℃, which is 32.2% higher than the TSC of the reference group (0.69% / ℃). This indicates that the incorporation of red mud functional filler can significantly enhance the sensor's ability to sense ambient temperature. Figure 5 As shown, the incorporation of carbon fibers reduces the sensor's temperature sensitivity. The TSC of the BRC4 group is 0.39% / ℃, a 58.5% reduction compared to the BR4 group. This is because the conductive network of the carbon fiber-containing sensor is composed of a combination of electronic and ionic conductivity. Specifically, electrons in the delocalized π bonds of the carbon fibers move freely in a large conjugated system, forming stable electronic conduction paths, and the electronic conductivity has a low dependence on temperature changes. Therefore, the incorporation of carbon fibers reduces the sensor's temperature sensitivity by enhancing electronic conductivity.

[0029] (2) Humidity sensitivity:

[0030] Variations in humidity significantly affect the resistivity of the sensor. By controlling the drying time, the sensor resistivity under different humidity levels was obtained. Figure 6 As shown, the lower the humidity, the higher the resistivity. In particular, the resistivity of BR0 increases rapidly with drying time after the humidity drops below 80%. The WSC of BR0 at 80% humidity is only 1.1% / %, while its FCR in the dry state reaches 522.39%. This indicates that the internal conductive network begins to be destroyed below the critical humidity value of 80%. The incorporation of red mud significantly enhances the sensitivity of resistivity to humidity; the WSC of BR20 and BR40 reached 8.6% / % and 14.6% / %, respectively, which are 1.7 times and 2.8 times that of the reference group. This is because the metal oxides in Bayer red mud undergo hydrolysis upon contact with water, generating hydroxide ions and metal cations, significantly increasing the ion concentration of the pore liquid and thus enhancing ionic conductivity.

Claims

1. A red mud-based intelligent sensing unit, characterized in that, The device includes a red mud substrate, electrodes, and bolts. The electrodes are electrode rings, and there are at least two electrode rings. The red mud substrate is a polygonal prism structure with several air passages penetrating it. A metal thread structure is provided on the surface of the red mud substrate, and the other end of the metal thread structure is connected to the electrode ring. The bolts are used to fix the wires to the metal thread structure, and the wires are electrically connected to the electrode rings.

2. The red mud-based intelligent sensing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bolt head has a nitrile rubber ring.

3. The red mud-based intelligent sensing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrode ring is a nickel-plated brass electrode ring.

4. The red mud-based intelligent sensing unit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The air passages are parallel to the edges of the red clay matrix.

5. The red mud-based intelligent sensing unit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The airway projection is located within the electrode ring.

6. The red mud-based intelligent sensing unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The number of electrode coils is 2, and the number of airways is 6.

7. The red mud-based intelligent sensing unit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The red mud substrate has a hexagonal prism structure with a base length of 18-20 mm, an edge length of 100-120 mm, an airway diameter of 1-1.2 mm, and an electrode ring diameter of 26-28 mm.

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