A single-phase miniature circuit breaker and an intelligent control device thereof
By introducing intelligent control devices into single-phase miniature circuit breakers, dual-channel acquisition of power parameters and waveforms, load identification, and multiple protection mechanisms are achieved, thereby improving the intelligence and safety of single-phase miniature circuit breakers and solving the problems of single-function limitations and insufficient safety in existing technologies.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGZHOU SHUIMU QINGHUA TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
Smart Images
Figure CN224342974U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of circuit breaker technology, and in particular to a single-phase miniature circuit breaker and its intelligent control device. Background Technology
[0002] With the development of smart grids and intelligent energy management, the requirements for safety and intelligence in low-voltage power distribution systems are constantly increasing. Single-phase miniature circuit breakers (MCBs) are the most widely used protection devices in low-voltage power distribution systems, primarily providing overload and short-circuit protection. However, with the increasing diversification of household appliances, office equipment, and industrial loads, existing MCBs are no longer sufficient to meet the needs of intelligent and refined management in low-voltage power distribution systems. The performance requirements for MCBs extend beyond simply interrupting current and ensuring line safety in the event of a fault; they also require higher-level monitoring and intelligent management capabilities. For example, identifying different types of loads connected to the MCB, performing energy consumption statistics and distribution analysis, providing early warnings of abnormal electricity usage, and integrating with smart home or management systems to improve energy efficiency while ensuring safety. Therefore, adding power parameter monitoring, waveform acquisition, and load identification functions to traditional MCBs has become an important direction for the development of low-voltage power distribution equipment technology.
[0003] Currently, some electronic or intelligent single-phase miniature circuit breakers are available on the market. These integrate current transformers, energy metering chips, and wireless communication modules into the traditional mechanical breaking structure of single-phase miniature circuit breakers. They can detect basic electrical parameters such as current and voltage and interact with external terminals or management platforms through the communication module. These products typically only support energy consumption statistics, remote control, and status reporting functions, representing a common implementation method at present.
[0004] While existing electronic or intelligent single-phase miniature circuit breakers have achieved basic voltage and current detection and remote communication functions, they still have significant shortcomings in intelligent control and safety. On the one hand, the energy metering chips used typically only output processed effective values or power data, lacking independent voltage and current waveform output capabilities, making it difficult to support load identification based on waveform characteristics. On the other hand, existing main control chips have limited performance and lack support for complex algorithms and large-capacity data management. Therefore, the safety detection functions of existing single-phase miniature circuit breakers are incomplete, lacking comprehensive detection and closed-loop control mechanisms for contact temperature rise, leakage current, and closing status; the closing control and interlocking mechanisms are simplistic, posing potential safety risks. Utility Model Content
[0005] This application provides a single-phase miniature circuit breaker and its intelligent control device to solve the technical problems of the limited functionality and safety risks of existing single-phase miniature circuit breakers.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:
[0007] In the first aspect, an intelligent control device for a single-phase miniature circuit breaker is provided, including a main control module and an energy metering module, a tripping drive module, a closing drive module, a storage module, a temperature protection module, a key input module, and a leakage current detection module connected to the main control module;
[0008] The power metering module is used to provide current waveforms and voltage waveforms to the main control module based on the AC input voltage, AC input current and leakage current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker.
[0009] The tripping drive module is connected to the tripping coil of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker. The tripping drive module is used to control whether the tripping coil performs a tripping action according to the tripping control signal output by the main control module.
[0010] The closing drive module is connected to the closing drive source. The closing drive module is used to control whether the closing drive source drives the single-phase miniature circuit breaker to perform a closing operation according to the second level signal output by the main control module.
[0011] The storage module is connected to the memory and is used to read data from the main control module and store its recorded waveform data, the operation log data and parameter data of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker.
[0012] The temperature protection module is used to monitor the contact temperature of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker in real time.
[0013] The leakage current detection module is used to monitor the leakage current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker in real time.
[0014] The key input module is connected to the switch and button of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker, and the key input module is used to input control signals to the main control module.
[0015] The main control module is used to output a second level signal to the closing drive module according to the control signal, and also to output a trip control signal to the trip drive module according to the control signal, the contact temperature and the leakage current; and to output recorded waveform data to the storage module according to the current waveform and the voltage waveform.
[0016] Preferably, the closing drive module includes an H-bridge driver chip connected to the closing drive source, and the input terminal of the H-bridge driver chip is respectively connected to the first connection terminal and the second connection terminal of the main control chip in the main control module.
[0017] Preferably, the tripping drive module includes an isolation optocoupler connected to the main control module and a controllable switch connected to the isolation optocoupler. The controllable switch is connected to the tripping coil. The tripping drive module transmits the tripping control signal to the controllable switch through the isolation optocoupler. When the tripping control signal is a high-level signal, the controllable switch is activated to perform the tripping action of the tripping coil.
[0018] Preferably, the power metering module includes a power metering chip, which is connected to the data transmission serial port, data reception serial port, waveform output serial port, pulse output serial port and function serial port of the main control module respectively. The power metering chip is also connected to the leakage current detection module and the current transformer respectively. The current transformer is used to collect the AC input current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker.
[0019] Preferably, the temperature protection module includes a thermistor for real-time detection of the contact temperature of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker, and the thermistor is connected to the ADC port of the main control chip in the main control module.
[0020] Preferably, the leakage current detection module includes a leakage current transformer and a leakage current test winding wound on the leakage current transformer, wherein the leakage current transformer is used to detect the leakage current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker in real time.
[0021] Preferably, the key input module includes a selection switch for switching between remote control and button control modes, the button includes a drive button and a leakage current test button, and the key input module is used to input control signals to the main control module according to the control commands issued by the remote control, the drive button and the leakage current test button, the control signals including a closing signal.
[0022] Preferably, the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker further includes a communication module connected to the main control module, the communication module being used to support remote data transmission and remote reception of control commands.
[0023] Preferably, the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker further includes a power supply module, which is connected to the closing drive module, the main control module, the temperature protection module, the tripping drive module, and the energy metering module. The power supply module is used to provide a first operating voltage to the main control module, the tripping drive module, the temperature protection module, and the energy metering module, and the power supply module is also used to provide a second operating voltage to the closing drive module.
[0024] Secondly, a single-phase miniature circuit breaker is provided, including the intelligent control device for the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described above.
[0025] The single-phase miniature circuit breaker and its intelligent control device include a main control module and connected to it a power metering module, a tripping drive module, a closing drive module, a storage module, a temperature protection module, a key input module, and a leakage current detection module. The power metering module provides current and voltage waveforms to the main control module based on the collected AC input voltage, AC input current, and leakage current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker. The tripping drive module is connected to the tripping coil of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker and controls whether the tripping coil performs a tripping action based on the tripping control signal output by the main control module. The closing drive module is connected to a closing drive source and controls the closing drive source based on a second-level signal output by the main control module. Whether to drive the single-phase miniature circuit breaker to perform a closing operation; a storage module, connected to the memory, used to read data from the main control module and store its recorded waveform data, single-phase miniature circuit breaker operation log data and parameter data; a temperature protection module, used to monitor the contact temperature of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker in real time; a leakage current detection module, used to monitor the leakage current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker in real time; a key input module, connected to the switch and button of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker, used to input control signals to the main control module; the main control module, used to output a second-level signal to the closing drive module according to the control signal, and also to output a trip control signal to the trip drive module according to the control signal, contact temperature and leakage current; and output recorded waveform data to the storage module according to the current waveform and voltage waveform.
[0026] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, this application has the following advantages: The intelligent control device of this single-phase miniature circuit breaker realizes the functions of dual-channel acquisition of power parameters and waveforms, load identification, dual-position detection and abnormal correction mechanism for closing control, temperature monitoring, leakage detection and self-test, closing lockout and leakage lockout protection, etc., through the main control module, power metering module, tripping drive module, closing drive module, storage module, temperature protection module, key input module and leakage detection module. It greatly improves the intelligence level, safety and reliability of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker and solves the technical problems of the single-function and safety risks of the existing single-phase miniature circuit breaker.
[0027] This single-phase miniature circuit breaker achieves intelligent control through its intelligent control device, thereby improving the reliability and safety of its operation. Attached Figure Description
[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the framework of the intelligent control device for the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in this application embodiment;
[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interface for detecting the position of the closing drive source in the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in this application embodiment;
[0031] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the closing drive module in the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in the embodiments of this application;
[0032] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the tripping drive module in the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in the embodiments of this application;
[0033] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the power metering module in the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in the embodiments of this application;
[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation voltage sampling in the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in the embodiments of this application;
[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the interface of the leakage current detection module in the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in the embodiments of this application;
[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the strong and weak current isolation framework in the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0037] To make the inventive objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0038] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.
[0039] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0040] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0041] This application provides a single-phase miniature circuit breaker and its intelligent control device, which solves the technical problems of the limited functionality and safety risks of existing single-phase miniature circuit breakers.
[0042] Example 1:
[0043] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the framework of the intelligent control device for the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in the embodiments of this application.
[0044] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, this application provides an intelligent control device for a single-phase miniature circuit breaker, including a main control module 10 and an energy metering module 20, a tripping drive module 30, a closing drive module 40, a storage module 50, a temperature protection module 60, a key input module 70, and a leakage current detection module 80 connected to the main control module.
[0045] like Figure 1As shown in the embodiment of this application, the main control module 10 includes an STM32H750IBK6 main control chip. The main control chip can be used to handle the acquisition of power parameters, waveform processing, abnormal state judgment, load identification, and remote control logic of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker.
[0046] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the power metering module 20 is used to provide current waveforms and voltage waveforms to the main control module 10 based on the AC input voltage, AC input current and leakage current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker.
[0047] It should be noted that the intelligent control device of this single-phase miniature circuit breaker uses a power metering module 20 with independent waveform output to combine AC input voltage, AC input current and leakage current to achieve high-precision acquisition of the power parameters and original waveforms (such as current waveform and voltage waveform) of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker, thereby supporting the load identification function of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker.
[0048] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the trip drive module 30 is connected to the trip coil of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker. The trip drive module 30 is used to control whether the trip coil performs a tripping action according to the trip control signal output by the main control module.
[0049] It should be noted that the trip control signal can be a high-level signal or a low-level signal. The main control module 10 can output a high-level trip control signal according to the remote control command and the identification of overload, short circuit or leakage of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker. The trip drive module 30 quickly controls the trip coil to perform the trip action, realizes the tripping of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker, and ensures electrical safety.
[0050] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the closing drive module 40 is connected to the closing drive source. The closing drive module 40 is used to control whether the closing drive source drives the single-phase miniature circuit breaker to perform a closing operation according to the second level signal output by the main control module 10.
[0051] It should be noted that the closing drive source can be a motor. The second-level signal output is either a high-level signal or a low-level signal. The second-level signal output by the main control module 10 controls the closing drive source to rotate forward and backward, driving multiple gears to ultimately apply force to the fixed shaft of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker switch, thereby realizing the closing of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker. In this embodiment, the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker ensures the closing control and safety protection of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker through the tripping drive module and the closing drive module, enabling the single-phase miniature circuit breaker to achieve intelligent operation and abnormal locking mechanism, while also having leakage protection and remote monitoring capabilities, thereby significantly improving the intelligence level, safety, and reliability of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker.
[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the interface for detecting the position of the closing drive source in the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in this application embodiment.
[0053] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker further includes a closing position detection module 101 connected to the main control module 10. The closing position detection module 101 includes a first position switch and a second position switch for detecting the closing action of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker.
[0054] It should be noted that, as Figure 2 As shown, the first position switch and the second position switch are installed on the single-phase miniature circuit breaker. Under normal circumstances, the first position switch 1 generates a rising edge signal when the gear of the closing drive source rotates to the designated position. After the main control module 10 detects the rising edge signal, it immediately triggers the closing drive source to brake and completes the closing positioning. If the rising edge signal of the first position switch 1 is not detected within the specified time, or if it stops in the area corresponding to the second position switch 2 by mistake, the main control module 10 determines that it is an abnormal situation and immediately executes the short-term reverse retraction action of the closing drive source, so that the gear of the closing drive source stops at the designated position again.
[0055] like Figure 1 As shown in this embodiment, the storage module 50 is connected to the memory. The storage module 50 is used to read data from the main control module 10 and store its recorded waveform data, single-phase miniature circuit breaker operation log data and parameter data.
[0056] It should be noted that the memory includes synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM) and non-volatile memory devices. The main control chip is connected to the external synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM) (IS42S16160J-7BLI, 32MB) via the FSMC bus to realize functions such as recording and playing raw waveform data; the main control chip is connected to a non-volatile memory device (such as the W25Q64 model program storage Flash) via the QSPI bus to realize high-speed reading of firmware; the main control chip is connected to the W25Q128 model data storage Flash via the SPI bus to realize long-term storage of operation logs and device parameters. In this embodiment, the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker combines the storage module and the main control module to improve the processing and storage capabilities of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker to meet the needs of complex algorithm calculations and large-capacity data management.
[0057] like Figure 1As shown in this embodiment, the temperature protection module 60 is used to monitor the contact temperature of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker in real time. The leakage current detection module 80 is used to monitor the leakage current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker in real time. The key input module 70 is connected to the switch and button of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker, and the key input module 70 is used to input control signals to the main control module 10.
[0058] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the main control module 10 is used to output a second level signal to the closing drive module 40 according to the control signal, and also to output a trip control signal to the trip drive module 30 according to the control signal, contact temperature and leakage current; and to output recorded waveform data to the storage module 50 according to the current waveform and voltage waveform.
[0059] It should be noted that the intelligent control device of this single-phase miniature circuit breaker, through the main control module, power metering module, tripping drive module, closing drive module, storage module, temperature protection module, key input module, and leakage detection module, realizes dual-channel acquisition of power parameters and waveforms of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker, load identification, dual-position detection and abnormal correction mechanism for closing control, temperature monitoring, leakage detection and self-test, closing lockout and leakage lockout protection, which greatly improves the intelligence level, safety and reliability of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker.
[0060] This application provides an intelligent control device for a single-phase miniature circuit breaker, comprising a main control module and connected to the main control module a power metering module, a tripping drive module, a closing drive module, a storage module, a temperature protection module, a key input module, and a leakage current detection module. The power metering module provides current and voltage waveforms to the main control module based on the collected AC input voltage, AC input current, and leakage current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker. The tripping drive module is connected to the tripping coil of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker and controls whether the tripping coil performs a tripping action based on the tripping control signal output by the main control module. The closing drive module is connected to a closing drive source and controls whether the closing drive source drives the single-phase circuit breaker based on a second-level signal output by the main control module. The miniature circuit breaker performs a closing operation; a storage module, connected to a memory, is used to read data from the main control module and store its recorded waveform data, single-phase miniature circuit breaker operation log data, and parameter data; a temperature protection module is used to monitor the contact temperature of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker in real time; a leakage current detection module is used to monitor the leakage current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker in real time; a key input module, connected to the switch and button of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker, is used to input control signals to the main control module; the main control module is used to output a second-level signal to the closing drive module according to the control signal, and also to output a trip control signal to the trip drive module according to the control signal, contact temperature, and leakage current; and output recorded waveform data to the storage module according to the current waveform and voltage waveform. The intelligent control device of this single-phase miniature circuit breaker, through a main control module, an energy metering module, a tripping drive module, a closing drive module, a storage module, a temperature protection module, a key input module, and a leakage current detection module, realizes functions such as dual-channel acquisition of energy parameters and waveforms, load identification, closing control with dual-position detection and anomaly correction mechanism, temperature monitoring, leakage current detection and self-test, closing lockout and leakage current lockout protection, etc., which greatly improves the intelligence level, safety and reliability of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker and solves the technical problems of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker's single function and safety risks.
[0061] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the closing drive module in the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in the embodiments of this application.
[0062] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the closing drive module 40 includes an H-bridge drive chip connected to the closing drive source, and the input terminals of the H-bridge drive chip are respectively connected to the first connection terminal and the second connection terminal of the main control chip in the main control module.
[0063] It should be noted that the H-bridge driver chip can be selected as the BL5612 model. The first connection terminal IN1 of the main control chip outputs a first control signal, and the second connection terminal IN2 outputs a second control signal, forming a second-level signal to control the operation of the closing drive source. When the second-level signal is equal to the first control signal being high and the second control signal being low, the closing drive source is controlled to rotate forward by the H-bridge driver chip. When the second-level signal is equal to the first control signal being low and the second control signal being high, the closing drive source is controlled to rotate in reverse by the H-bridge driver chip. When the second-level signal is equal to the first control signal being low and the second control signal being low, the closing drive source is controlled to stop working by the H-bridge driver chip, that is, the closing drive source is in a high-impedance state and exhibits a free-stop state. When the second-level signal is equal to the first control signal being high and the second control signal being high, the two ends of the H-bridge of the H-bridge driver chip are short-circuited and conduction is achieved, the closing drive source is short-circuited, and the rotation of the closing drive source is immediately braked, thereby achieving precise closing positioning of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker.
[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker further includes a power supply module 90. The power supply module 90 is connected to the closing drive module 40, the main control module 10, the temperature protection module 60, the tripping drive module 30, and the energy metering module 20, respectively. The power supply module 90 is used to provide a first operating voltage to the main control module 10, the tripping drive module 30, the temperature protection module 60, and the energy metering module 20. The power supply module 90 is also used to provide a second operating voltage to the closing drive module 40.
[0065] It should be noted that the first operating voltage can be 3.3V DC, and the second operating voltage can be 12V DC. In this embodiment, the power module 90 includes a 12V DC power supply interface and a 12V to 3.3V DC-DC step-down circuit. The DC-DC step-down circuit includes a TPS563200DDCR step-down power chip. The TPS563200DDCR step-down power chip is used to achieve the regulated output of the first operating voltage of the power module 90. This step-down power chip has an operating voltage range of 4.5V-17V, an adjustable output voltage of 760mV-7V, a maximum output current of 3A, a switching frequency of 650kHz, and an operating temperature range of -40℃ to +85℃. The power module 90 provides a stable power supply to the main control chip, external synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), Flash memory, communication module, and energy metering module, while also providing a second operating voltage to the closing drive module 40, ensuring that the single-phase miniature circuit breaker can operate reliably under various operating conditions.
[0066] To ensure the safety of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker, in this embodiment, the main control module of the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker is also used to accumulate and count the number of abnormalities.
[0067] It should be noted that when the number of abnormal occurrences reaches a set threshold, the closing lockout is automatically triggered, prohibiting remote closing operations and thus preventing malfunctions caused by a failure of the closing position detection module 101. When the single-phase miniature circuit breaker is currently closed, a trigger switch is pressed and turned on, causing the main control module 10 to detect a low-level second-level signal. When the single-phase miniature circuit breaker is currently open, the trigger switch is released, causing the main control module 10 to detect a high-level second-level signal. By judging this level change, the system can determine whether the opening and closing operations are normal after each operation.
[0068] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of the tripping drive module in the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in the embodiments of this application.
[0069] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the tripping drive module 30 includes an isolation optocoupler U1 connected to the main control module 10 and a controllable switch Q1 connected to the isolation optocoupler U1. The controllable switch Q1 is connected to the tripping coil. The tripping drive module 30 transmits the tripping control signal to the controllable switch Q1 through the isolation optocoupler U1. When the tripping control signal is a high-level signal, the controllable switch Q1 is turned on to perform the tripping action of the tripping coil.
[0070] It should be noted that the controllable switching element Q1 can be selected as a TS110-8UF unidirectional thyristor. In other embodiments, the controllable switching element Q1 can also be selected as a MOSFET, MOSFET, etc. In this embodiment, the main control chip can drive the controllable switching element Q1 to conduct according to remote control commands, overload, short circuit, or leakage conditions, so that the trip coil quickly performs the tripping action, causing the single-phase miniature circuit breaker to trip and ensuring electrical safety.
[0071] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of the power metering module in the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in this application embodiment. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation voltage sampling in the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in the embodiments of this application.
[0072] like Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the power metering module 20 includes a power metering chip. The power metering chip 20 is connected to the main control module 10 via the data transmission serial port TXD, the data reception serial port RXD, the waveform output serial port HSTX, the pulse output serial port IRQ, and the function serial port QF. The power metering chip is also connected to the leakage current detection module 80 and the current transformer. The current transformer is used to collect the AC input current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker.
[0073] It should be noted that the energy metering chip can be selected as the RN8209D model. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the AC input voltage first undergoes overvoltage protection via a varistor, then passes through a resistor divider and a transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS) for protection before being input to the operational amplifier in the CA-IS1200G isolation chip. The operational amplifier is powered by a B0505MT-1WR4 isolation power supply module, thus achieving high-precision isolated sampling of the voltage signal. The AC input current and leakage current signals can also be sampled through a current transformer. Because the current transformer itself has electrical isolation characteristics, it can directly provide safe and accurate sampling input to the energy metering chip. The sampling channels for AC input voltage, AC input current, and leakage current are all electrically isolated, ensuring the safety of the intelligent control device of this single-phase miniature circuit breaker and the reliability of its measurements. The RN8209D energy metering chip not only outputs conventional power parameters such as voltage, current, and power, but also has an independent waveform output interface. The power metering chip is configured through registers, and its waveform output serial port TX signal is remapped to a dedicated pin and directly connected to the serial port of the STM32H750IBK6 main control chip. This enables real-time independent output of voltage and current waveforms, providing high-precision raw waveform data support for load identification and power consumption behavior analysis.
[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the temperature protection module 60 includes a thermistor for real-time detection of the contact temperature of a single-phase miniature circuit breaker, and the thermistor is connected to the ADC port of the main control chip in the main control module 10.
[0075] It should be noted that the voltage signal output by the thermistor to detect temperature is connected to the ADC port of the main control chip to realize real-time monitoring of the temperature rise of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker contacts. When the ADC port of the main control chip receives a voltage signal indicating an abnormally high temperature, it will immediately trigger the protection mechanism, causing the main control module 10 to output a high-level trip control signal to drive the trip coil to quickly perform a trip action. This effectively prevents the contacts of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker from being damaged due to overheating and reduces the risk of fire and other safety hazards.
[0076] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the interface of the leakage current detection module in the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in this application embodiment.
[0077] like Figure 7 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the leakage current detection module 80 includes a leakage current transformer and a leakage current test winding wound on the leakage current transformer. The leakage current transformer is used to detect the leakage current of a single-phase miniature circuit breaker in real time.
[0078] It should be noted that the leakage current transformer can be a current transformer. When the leakage current transformer detects an actual leakage current, the main control chip outputs a high-level trip control signal to drive the trip coil to quickly perform a tripping action. This immediately drives the trip coil to trip and enters a leakage current lockout state, prohibiting remote closing. Remote control can only be restored after the leakage current lockout closing and unlocking operation is performed to avoid the user unknowingly forcibly closing the circuit and causing an electric shock hazard. To ensure the reliability of the leakage current protection, the intelligent control device of this single-phase miniature circuit breaker is equipped with a leakage current test winding. This leakage current test winding consists of a single coil of wire wound on the leakage current transformer and is controlled to connect via a transistor. When the leakage current test button on the key input module 70 is pressed, the main control chip controls the transistor to conduct, allowing a 3.3V DC current to flow into the leakage current test winding. This forms a simulated leakage current signal in the leakage current transformer. After the energy metering chip detects this simulated leakage current signal, it immediately triggers a trip, thereby completing the leakage current protection self-test and ensuring the reliability of the operation.
[0079] In one embodiment of this application, the key input module 70 includes a selection switch for switching between remote control and button control modes. The buttons include a drive button and a leakage current test button. The key input module is used to input control signals to the main control module 10 according to the control commands issued by the remote control, the drive button, and the leakage current test button. The control signals include a closing signal.
[0080] It should be noted that in remote mode, the main control chip is allowed to receive remote control commands to perform closing and opening operations; in button control mode, remote control is disabled, and only manual operation or local button operation is allowed, thus avoiding remote misoperation during maintenance. The drive button is only valid in button control mode and is used for local testing of the closing drive source and actuator. The leakage current test button can be used in any mode to achieve self-testing of the leakage current protection function.
[0081] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the strong and weak current isolation framework in the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described in the embodiments of this application.
[0082] like Figure 8 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker further includes a strong and weak current isolation module connected to the trip coil.
[0083] It should be noted that, to achieve safe isolation between strong and weak currents, the strong-weak current isolation module is placed between the 220V AC mains power and the trip coil. This module is used when the trip coil is powered by AC mains. Because it utilizes a unidirectional thyristor with a very low gate drive current, only a very simple resistor-capacitor voltage reduction circuit is needed to meet the power supply requirements of the drive circuit, reducing the cost of integrated isolation power supplies and the space required for product electronic component layout.
[0084] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment of this application, the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker further includes a communication module connected to the main control module 10. The communication module is used to support remote data transmission and remote reception of control commands.
[0085] It should be noted that the communication module can be the ESP32-C3-MINI-1U Wi-Fi module. The Wi-Fi module is connected to the main control chip through a serial interface, enabling remote uploading of power data, operating status, load identification results and anomaly records, and supporting remote control command issuance and OTA firmware upgrades.
[0086] In the embodiments of this application, the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker, after receiving a 12V DC input, is powered by the power module to each functional circuit. The main control chip initializes the energy metering chip and collects voltage, current, and leakage current signals in real time. Simultaneously, it acquires independent voltage and current waveform data and combines this with locally stored electrical characteristic models for load identification. When a remote closing control command is executed, the main control chip controls the closing drive source to complete the operation and uses the microswitch feedback from the closing position detection module to determine whether the closing is in place. If the accumulated closing abnormalities exceed a threshold, the circuit breaker enters a closing lockout state, prohibiting remote closing. If a leakage current event occurs, a trip is triggered, and the circuit breaker enters a leakage current lockout state. Remote closing can only be resumed after the leakage current lockout is closed and unlocked. The temperature protection module's contact temperature monitoring can promptly detect poor contact or overload hazards. The main control chip can control the trip coil to perform trip protection, ensuring operational safety.
[0087] Example 2:
[0088] This application provides a single-phase miniature circuit breaker, including the intelligent control device for the single-phase miniature circuit breaker described above.
[0089] It should be noted that the intelligent control device of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker has been described in Embodiment 1 and will not be repeated in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the single-phase miniature circuit breaker achieves intelligent control through the intelligent control device, thereby improving the reliability and safety of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker operation.
[0090] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.
Claims
1. An intelligent control device for a single-phase miniature circuit breaker, characterized in that, It includes a main control module and an energy metering module, a tripping drive module, a closing drive module, a storage module, a temperature protection module, a key input module, and a leakage current detection module connected to the main control module; The power metering module is used to provide current waveforms and voltage waveforms to the main control module based on the AC input voltage, AC input current and leakage current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker. The tripping drive module is connected to the tripping coil of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker. The tripping drive module is used to control whether the tripping coil performs a tripping action according to the tripping control signal output by the main control module. The closing drive module is connected to the closing drive source. The closing drive module is used to control whether the closing drive source drives the single-phase miniature circuit breaker to perform a closing operation according to the second level signal output by the main control module. The storage module is connected to the memory and is used to read data from the main control module and store its recorded waveform data, the operation log data and parameter data of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker. The temperature protection module is used to monitor the contact temperature of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker in real time. The leakage current detection module is used to monitor the leakage current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker in real time. The key input module is connected to the switch and button of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker, and the key input module is used to input control signals to the main control module. The main control module is used to output a second level signal to the closing drive module according to the control signal, and also to output a trip control signal to the trip drive module according to the control signal, the contact temperature and the leakage current; and to output recorded waveform data to the storage module according to the current waveform and the voltage waveform.
2. The intelligent control device for a single-phase miniature circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The closing drive module includes an H-bridge driver chip connected to the closing drive source, and the input terminals of the H-bridge driver chip are respectively connected to the first connection terminal and the second connection terminal of the main control chip in the main control module.
3. The intelligent control device for a single-phase miniature circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tripping drive module includes an isolation optocoupler connected to the main control module and a controllable switch connected to the isolation optocoupler. The controllable switch is connected to the tripping coil. The tripping drive module transmits the tripping control signal to the controllable switch through the isolation optocoupler. When the tripping control signal is a high-level signal, the controllable switch is activated to perform the tripping action of the tripping coil.
4. The intelligent control device for a single-phase miniature circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power metering module includes a power metering chip, which is connected to the main control module's data transmission serial port, data reception serial port, waveform output serial port, pulse output serial port, and function serial port. The power metering chip is also connected to the leakage current detection module and the current transformer, which is used to collect the AC input current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker.
5. The intelligent control device for a single-phase miniature circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature protection module includes a thermistor for real-time detection of the contact temperature of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker, and the thermistor is connected to the ADC port of the main control chip in the main control module.
6. The intelligent control device for a single-phase miniature circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The leakage current detection module includes a leakage current transformer and a leakage current test winding wound on the leakage current transformer. The leakage current transformer is used to detect the leakage current of the single-phase miniature circuit breaker in real time.
7. The intelligent control device for a single-phase miniature circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The key input module includes a selection switch for switching between remote control and button control modes. The button includes a drive button and a leakage current test button. The key input module is used to input control signals to the main control module according to the control commands issued by the remote control, the drive button, and the leakage current test button. The control signals include a closing signal.
8. The intelligent control device for a single-phase miniature circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, It also includes a communication module connected to the main control module, which is used to support remote data transmission and remote reception of control commands.
9. The intelligent control device for a single-phase miniature circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It also includes a power supply module, which is connected to the closing drive module, the main control module, the temperature protection module, the tripping drive module and the energy metering module respectively. The power supply module is used to provide a first operating voltage to the main control module, the tripping drive module, the temperature protection module and the energy metering module, and the power supply module is also used to provide a second operating voltage to the closing drive module.
10. A single-phase miniature circuit breaker, characterized in that, Including the intelligent control device for a single-phase miniature circuit breaker as described in any one of claims 1-9.