Forensic gas and liquid thoracic examination sample bag and portable equipment bag
By designing sample bags and portable equipment packs for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion examinations, and utilizing negative pressure aspiration and multi-chamber design, the complexity of operation and collection difficulties in forensic pneumothorax examinations have been solved, enabling rapid and accurate pneumothorax and pleural effusion examinations and sealed storage, thereby improving the efficiency and accuracy of forensic examinations.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WANNAN MEDICAL COLLEGE
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing forensic methods for examining pneumothorax are complex to perform, prone to false positives, and difficult to effectively collect and determine the gas and fluid in the pleural cavity, affecting the accuracy of death determination.
A sample bag and portable equipment pack for forensic gas and liquid pleural effusion testing were designed, including a soft transparent bag, a negative pressure generator, a puncture needle, and a valve. The bag rapidly collects and quantitatively analyzes gas and liquid samples through negative pressure aspiration, and utilizes multiple quantitative chambers and a valve to control the flow channel for sealed storage.
It enables rapid and accurate pneumothorax testing, improves the integrity of sample collection and sealing storage capabilities, facilitates subsequent analysis, overcomes the shortcomings of existing methods, and provides an efficient forensic testing method.
Smart Images
Figure CN224345007U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of forensic examination equipment technology, specifically to a sample bag and portable equipment bag for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion examination. Background Technology
[0002] In forensic cases where pneumothorax is suspected to be caused by chest injury or lung disease, a pneumothorax examination should be performed before thoracotomy. The purpose of the pneumothorax examination is to check for the presence of air in the pleural cavity, providing evidence to determine whether death was caused by pneumothorax. Therefore, a pneumothorax examination should be routinely performed in cases where there is suspicion of rib fractures puncturing the pleura and lung tissue, rupture of bullous emphysema or lung abscess, or acupuncture treatment in the neck, chest, or upper abdomen.
[0003] Examination for pneumothorax should be performed before craniotomy, laparotomy, and neck dissection. Currently, the guided examination methods include parietal pleural examination and chest wall pleural effusion examination.
[0004] Parietal pleural examination: The intercostal muscles of the 3rd and 4th ribs beside the sternum are gently dissected with a scalpel to expose the parietal pleura. The dissection must be performed gently to avoid damaging the parietal pleura and causing examination failure. The lung tissue beneath the translucent parietal pleura is observed (if the lung tissue is tightly adhered to the parietal pleura, pneumothorax can generally be ruled out). Then, the pleura is gently punctured with the tip of a scalpel; the lung tissue will then be observed to collapse rapidly due to the artificial pneumothorax. This method avoids interference from pleural effusion examination caused by chest wall infusion and can indirectly observe the elasticity of lung tissue. However, when the parietal pleura is adhered to the visceral pleura, this method may produce false positive results. Furthermore, the procedure is complex, and collecting air from the pleural cavity is difficult and yields low accuracy.
[0005] Chest wall water injection examination: A longitudinal incision is made in the center of the chest, and the skin and subcutaneous tissue are dissected to the mid-axillary line on both sides. The skin tissue is lifted to form a sac, which is then filled with water. The intercostal muscle tissue is punctured underwater. If air bubbles rise to the surface, it confirms the presence of pneumothorax. The disadvantages of this examination method are that because water must be injected into the chest wall during this examination, it interferes with the examination of pleural effusion or hemothorax, making it impossible to determine whether the pleural fluid is a post-mortem finding or caused by the chest wall water injection examination. Furthermore, the procedure is complex, and collecting the gas inside the pleural cavity is difficult and yields low completeness. Utility Model Content
[0006] Technical problems to be solved
[0007] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a sample bag and portable equipment pack for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion testing. By designing specialized instruments, the operation of forensic examination of post-mortem pneumothorax can be greatly optimized, effectively solving the problems existing in current testing methods.
[0008] Technical solution
[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0010] This utility model provides a sample bag for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion testing, including a soft bag body for storing the sample, the bag body being divided into multiple chambers with a fixed volume, the multiple chambers being interconnected; and a valve body fixedly disposed on the bag body, the valve body being used to control the connection or cut-off between the inside and outside of the bag body.
[0011] Another aspect of this utility model provides a portable equipment bag for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion testing. The equipment bag includes the aforementioned sample bag, a negative pressure generator for creating a negative pressure environment inside the bag, and a puncture needle. The puncture needle can be connected to the valve body via a conduit, and gas or liquid is collected into the bag body sequentially through the conduit and the valve body.
[0012] Furthermore, the bag body is evenly divided into multiple columnar chambers, with one end of each chamber connected together, and the valve body is disposed at the connection point of the multiple chambers.
[0013] Furthermore, the bag body is made of transparent material, and the four sides of the bag body are treated with a sealing and pressing process.
[0014] Furthermore, two valve bodies are provided on the bag body, and the two valve bodies are arranged close to the chamber on the same side.
[0015] Furthermore, the valve body includes a valve head and a valve core. The valve head is fixed to the bag body and connects the inside and outside of the bag body through its internal flow channel. Rotating the valve core controls the opening and closing of the flow channel.
[0016] Furthermore, the negative pressure generator is a syringe, and the end of the syringe can be connected to the valve body to draw air into the bag body under negative pressure.
[0017] Furthermore, it also includes a negative pressure connector, which is disposed between the syringe and the valve body. The negative pressure connector mainly consists of a three-way valve, a first one-way valve, and a second one-way valve. The first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are respectively disposed at the two ports of the three-way valve, and the first one-way valve is connected to the valve body. When the syringe is connected to the other port to draw air into the bag under negative pressure, the first one-way valve is open and the second one-way valve is closed; when the syringe is venting air, the first one-way valve is closed and the second one-way valve is open.
[0018] Furthermore, it also includes an inner liner tray, which has multiple placement slots that are adapted to each piece of equipment.
[0019] Beneficial effects
[0020] The technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages compared with the known public technology:
[0021] This solution provides a sample bag specifically designed for forensic examination of pneumothorax in cadavers and a dedicated equipment kit. By quickly connecting and assembling the various instruments within the kit, and using a puncture needle with a catheter, borrowing techniques from clinical chest X-ray procedures, along with a negative pressure sample bag, gas or liquid contained in the cadaver's pleural cavity can be rapidly aspirated into the sample bag. The sample bag's multiple quantitative chambers allow for timely and relatively accurate quantitative analysis of the obtained gas or liquid sample. Its excellent sealing and storage capabilities facilitate subsequent transport and component analysis of the sample.
[0022] The efficient and convenient testing operation, as well as the complete process of obtaining pneumothorax samples from corpses, effectively overcomes the shortcomings of existing testing methods and fills the gap in the forensic industry for rapid testing devices for pneumothorax. Attached Figure Description
[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment bag of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the placement of various equipment inside the equipment bag of this utility model;
[0026] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the sample bag of this utility model;
[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the valve body structure on the sample bag of this utility model;
[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the connection of the various instruments in this utility model for forensic pneumothorax examination;
[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the negative pressure connector of this utility model;
[0030] The labels in the diagram represent: 10, sample bag; 11, bag body; 12, chamber; 13, connection point; 14, valve body; 15, valve head; 16, valve core; 20, puncture needle; 30, catheter; 40, hose clamp; 50, negative pressure generator; 60, negative pressure connector; 61, tee; 62, first check valve; 63, second check valve; 70, inner liner tray; 71, placement slot; 80, disposable gloves; 90, equipment bag. Detailed Implementation
[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.
[0033] Example:
[0034] This solution proposes a sample bag 10 and a portable equipment bag 90, designed for forensic autopsy. These are specialized examination devices used in forensic autopsy procedures, specifically for cases of suspected traumatic pneumothorax, death from inhalation of toxic gases, and cases where medical records indicate lung disease leading to pneumothorax. Since most on-site examinations lack imaging equipment, and police autopsy rooms often lack CT scans and other advanced technologies, it is impossible to use imaging to establish pneumothorax as objective evidence. Furthermore, forensic practice lacks dedicated equipment for examining pneumothorax and pleural effusion. Therefore, this solution was developed to address this application need.
[0035] Another aspect of this utility model provides a portable equipment bag 90 for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion examination, as shown in the reference. Figure 1-3 The equipment bag 90 contains an inner tray 70 with multiple placement slots 71 adapted to each piece of equipment. It includes a specially designed sample bag 10 and a negative pressure generator 50 for creating a negative pressure environment inside the bag 11.
[0036] And a puncture needle 20, which can be connected to the valve body 14 through a conduit 30. Gas or liquid is collected into the bag body 11 through the conduit 30 and the valve body 14. In order to facilitate the real-time control of the flow of gas or liquid into the sample bag 10 during the gas or liquid sample acquisition process, a hose clamp 40 is provided on the conduit 30 to adjust and control the flow of the conduit 30.
[0037] In the equipment package 90, the sample bag 10, which is another core design element of this solution, is designed to address the issue that in existing testing methods, the gas collection device (glass bottle or conventional bag) used for collecting gas samples often results in significant gas leakage during the gas collection process. This is because the bag 11 is not a dedicated bag, and the bag or bottle is manually opened and closed, leading to insufficient sample for subsequent analysis of the gas composition. In addition, forensic experts cannot estimate the volume of collected gas. Currently, forensic experts often estimate the volume by observing the area of chest cavity collapse after chest air is expelled, which generally results in large discrepancies and is not conducive to the application of reliable forensic testing data.
[0038] Therefore, the forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion examination sample bag 10 provided in this embodiment has a main body of a soft bag 11 for storing the sample. The bag 11 is made of transparent material, which facilitates forensic observation of the state of the sample flowing into the bag 11. The four sides of the bag 11 are sealed and pressed together, providing good results. In this embodiment, the bag 11 is preferably made of high-purity FEP material, which has excellent corrosion resistance and chemical stability. The sample bag 10 can withstand a temperature range of -70 to 110°C. This low-temperature resistance gives the FEP sample bag a significant advantage in sample collection processes that require low-temperature storage or transportation. The bag 11 is divided into multiple chambers 12 with a fixed volume, which are interconnected. A valve body 14 is fixedly installed on the bag 11 for connecting during collection and sealing after collection. The valve body 14 is used to control the connection or disconnection between the inside and outside of the bag 11. By utilizing the design of the quantitative chamber 12, forensic experts can accurately determine the volume of the sample by directly examining the chamber 12 filled with the sample after obtaining the gas or liquid. In cases where both pneumothorax and pleural effusion are present in the corpse, the collected gas and liquid are placed in the same bag 11. Utilizing the difference in density between the gas and liquid, and referring to the reference figure, by standing the bag 11 upright, the approximate volumes of the gas and liquid can be obtained from the top and bottom sides respectively.
[0039] It is worth noting that since the volume data obtained by forensic medicine is used as a means of determining death, any errors in the data do not affect the determination.
[0040] The equipment package 90 of this solution allows for the rapid connection and combination of various instruments within the package. Utilizing a puncture needle 20 with a catheter 30, borrowing from clinical chest X-ray procedures, and in conjunction with a special negative pressure sample, gas or liquid contained in the thoracic cavity of a cadaver can be quickly aspirated into the sample bag 10. The sample bag 10, with its multiple quantitative chambers 12, allows for timely and relatively accurate quantitative analysis of the obtained gas or liquid sample. Its excellent sealing and storage capabilities facilitate subsequent transport and component analysis of the sample.
[0041] The following is a description of the preferred embodiment and alternative embodiments of the equipment package 90 and its internal appliances in this solution:
[0042] In this embodiment, regarding the design of the inner chamber 12 of the sample bag 10, preferably, the bag body 11 is evenly divided into multiple columnar chambers 12, with one end of each chamber 12 connected together. A valve body 14 is located at the connection point 13 of the multiple chambers 12. The columnar chamber 12 can be 10ml, 20ml, 30ml…80ml, etc., and can be designed according to actual needs. The columnar chamber 12 is preferred, as it meets usage requirements while simplifying the molding process of the sample bag 10 and reducing its manufacturing cost. Furthermore, to facilitate the on-site collection of quantitative values of the sample by forensic experts, the sample bag will be marked with the volume of a single chamber 12 and the total capacity of the bag body 11.
[0043] Of course, it is worth noting that the shape of this chamber 12 can also be a common, fixed-volume circle, quadrilateral, hexagon, etc.
[0044] In this embodiment, regarding the design of the number and position of the valves 14 in the sample bag 10, it is preferable to provide two valves 14 on the bag body 11, and preferably the valves 14 are located on the same side. One of the two valves 14 is used to connect the catheter 30 and the puncture needle 20, serving as the interface for obtaining the sample from the thoracic cavity of the deceased; the other valve 14 is used to connect the negative pressure generator 50, which creates a vacuum inside the sample bag 10 to facilitate the collection of gas or liquid from the thoracic cavity of the deceased. The design of two valves 14 eliminates the need for plugging and unplugging during sample collection, greatly improving the efficiency of forensic operations. Furthermore, in this embodiment, it is preferable to place the two valves 14 close to one side of the chamber 12. However, for convenient stacking and storage, the two valves 14 can also be placed in the middle or on either side.
[0045] In this embodiment, to ensure a good sealing effect after sample collection and to facilitate the operation of the autopsy process, a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) valve body 14 is preferably used. The valve body 14 includes a valve head 15 and a valve core 16. The valve head 15 is fixed to the bag body 11 and connects the inside and outside of the bag body 11 through its internal flow channel. Rotating the valve core 16 controls the opening and closing of the flow channel. In addition, in this embodiment, the negative pressure generator 50 is a syringe. The end of the syringe can be connected to the valve body 14 to create negative pressure inside the bag body 11. The syringe is relatively small in size and convenient for vacuuming. Since the vacuuming requirement of the sample bag 10 is relatively small, a 30ml syringe can achieve a satisfactory vacuuming effect in 2-3 times. Of course, a vacuum pump or a silicone negative pressure bulb can be used to achieve negative pressure treatment of the sample bag 10.
[0046] Continuing from the above, in order to facilitate forensic personnel in drawing negative pressure from the sample bag 10, this equipment kit 90 also includes a negative pressure connector 60, which is located between the syringe and the valve body 14. The negative pressure connector 60 can be used to push and pull the syringe back and forth to quickly draw a vacuum from the sample bag 10 without repeatedly inserting and removing the syringe and closing the valve body 14 on the sample bag 10.
[0047] Specifically, the negative pressure connector 60 mainly consists of a three-way valve 61, a first one-way valve 62, and a second one-way valve 63. The first one-way valve 62 and the second one-way valve 63 are respectively located at the two ports of the three-way valve 61, and the first one-way valve 62 is connected to the valve body 14. When the syringe is connected to the other port to draw air into the bag body 11, the first one-way valve 62 is open and the second one-way valve 63 is closed; when the syringe is venting air, the first one-way valve 62 is closed and the second one-way valve 63 is open.
[0048] In summary, referring to Figure 2 The forensic-specific autopsy pneumothorax examination equipment kit 90 provided in this embodiment includes: a pair of disposable gloves 80, a special sample bag 10, a syringe, a pair of puncture needles 20 with a catheter 30 and a tubing clamp 40, a three-way valve 61, and two one-way valves. All components are connected by matching plug-in Luer interfaces.
[0049] When using this equipment kit 90, first, form a negative pressure connector 60 using the three-way valve 61 and two one-way valves. Note the direction of the one-way valves. Then, take out the specimen bag 10 and the syringe. Connect the first one-way valve 62 to the valve body 14 of the specimen bag 10. Connect the syringe to the end of the three-way valve 61 without the one-way valve. Open the valve body 14 with the negative pressure connector 60 installed and close the other valve body 14. Use the syringe to apply negative pressure to the specimen bag 10 by pulling and pushing. Then, close the valve body 14. Next, take out the puncture needle 20 with the catheter 30 and the tubing clamp 40 and connect it to the other valve body 14. When preparing to perform a chest puncture, open the valve body 14 and the tubing clamp 40 to collect gas and fluid from the cadaver's chest cavity. After collection, close the valve body 14 and remove the negative pressure connector 60 and the puncture needle 20 with the catheter 30.
[0050] The efficient and convenient testing operation, as well as the complete process of obtaining pneumothorax samples from corpses, effectively overcomes the shortcomings of existing testing methods and fills the gap in the forensic industry for rapid testing devices for pneumothorax.
[0051] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.
Claims
1. A sample bag for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion testing, characterized in that, include: A soft bag for storing test samples, the bag being divided into multiple chambers with a fixed volume, the multiple chambers being interconnected; A valve body is fixedly installed on the bag body, and the valve body is used to control the connection or disconnection between the inside and outside of the bag body.
2. The sample bag for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bag body is evenly divided into multiple columnar chambers, with one end of each chamber connected together, and the valve body is located at the connection point of the multiple chambers.
3. The sample bag for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bag is made of transparent material, and the four sides of the bag are sealed and pressed together.
4. The sample bag for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion testing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two valve bodies are provided on the bag body, and the two valve bodies are arranged close to the same side of the chamber.
5. A sample bag for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion testing according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The valve body includes a valve head and a valve core. The valve head is fixed to the bag body and connects the inside and outside of the bag body through its internal flow channel. Rotating the valve core controls the opening and closing of the flow channel.
6. A portable equipment bag for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion examination, characterized in that, The equipment package includes the sample bag as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, and further includes: A negative pressure generator for creating a negative pressure environment inside the sample bag; A puncture needle, which can be connected to the valve body of the sample bag via a conduit, allows gas or liquid to be collected into the bag sequentially via the conduit and the valve body.
7. A portable equipment bag for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion examination according to claim 6, characterized in that, The negative pressure generator is a syringe, and the end of the syringe can be connected to the valve body to draw air into the bag body under negative pressure.
8. A portable equipment bag for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion testing according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a negative pressure connector, which is disposed between the syringe and the valve body. The negative pressure connector mainly consists of a three-way valve, a first one-way valve, and a second one-way valve. The first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are respectively disposed at the two ports of the three-way valve, and the first one-way valve is connected to the valve body. When the syringe is connected to the other port to draw air into the bag under negative pressure, the first one-way valve is open and the second one-way valve is closed; when the syringe is venting air, the first one-way valve is closed and the second one-way valve is open.
9. A portable equipment bag for forensic pneumothorax and pleural effusion testing according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes an inner tray with multiple placement slots, each adapted to a different piece of equipment.