Traction mechanism and orthopedic traction system

Abstract

This invention provides a traction mechanism and orthopedic traction system, belonging to the field of robotic arm technology. It includes a guide rod, a sliding sleeve, an elastic pusher, and a sliding base. The guide rod is fixedly connected to the end connector of the traction frame. The sliding sleeve is slidably fitted onto the guide rod along its axial direction. The elastic pusher is fitted onto the guide rod and located inside the sliding sleeve, applying an elastic pusher force to the sliding sleeve towards the end connector. The sliding base is slidably connected to the sliding sleeve along its axial direction, and has a bracket on it for supporting and fixing the traction site. An adjustment structure is provided between the sliding base and the sliding sleeve. The adjustment structure drives the sliding base to move along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve to adjust the traction force transmitted from the bracket to the traction site. The traction mechanism provided by this invention not only improves the accuracy of traction force application but also, with the help of the elastic pusher, forms a flexible traction force, thereby avoiding the risk of excessive traction on the traction site and improving surgical safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of robotic arm technology, specifically relating to a traction mechanism and orthopedic traction system. Background Technology

[0002] Orthopedic traction systems, with robotic arms as their main structure, play a crucial role as key auxiliary equipment in sports medicine surgery. Taking a shoulder traction frame as an example, it can apply traction force to the arm according to the target posture, thereby assisting in the treatment of conditions such as rotator cuff injuries, muscle ruptures, and fractures, and greatly improving the ease of operation during surgery. Typically, to meet the needs of posture adaptation in various situations, orthopedic traction systems require robotic arms with multiple ball joints and telescopic joints, and then a bracket suitable for supporting the arm and hand gripping is installed at the end of the robotic arm.

[0003] The problem is that when using current orthopedic traction systems, the application of traction force depends on the posture adjustment of the robotic arm, which is difficult to control precisely. When the traction frame is adjusted into place and the arm is placed and grips the support, the arm is subjected to rigid traction. Therefore, if the body moves or other situations occur during the operation, the traction force can easily increase suddenly, causing secondary injury to the body and affecting the safety of the operation. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a traction mechanism and orthopedic traction system, which aims to improve the accuracy of traction force control and enhance surgical safety.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: Firstly, a traction mechanism is provided, comprising:

[0006] Guide rod, used to fix the connection to the end connector of the traction frame;

[0007] The sliding sleeve is slidably fitted onto the guide rod along its axial direction;

[0008] The elastic pusher is sleeved on the guide rod and located inside the sliding sleeve. The elastic pusher applies an elastic pusher force to the sliding sleeve toward the end connecting seat.

[0009] The slide block is slidably connected to the slide sleeve along the axis of the slide sleeve. The slide block is provided with a bracket for supporting and fixing the traction part. An adjustment structure is provided between the slide block and the slide sleeve.

[0010] The adjusting structure is used to drive the slide block to move along the axial direction of the slide sleeve in order to adjust the traction force transmitted by the bracket to the traction part.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the adjusting structure includes a rack surface formed on the outer wall of the slide sleeve, and a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the slide block; the middle of the rotating shaft is formed with a gear surface that meshes with the rack surface, and at least one end of the rotating shaft is connected to a manual operating element.

[0012] In some embodiments, the adjustment structure further includes a flexible locking element disposed on the slide and acting on the rotating shaft; wherein the flexible locking element is used to lock the rotational degree of freedom of the rotating shaft at a target threshold.

[0013] For example, the flexible locking element includes:

[0014] The push rod slides radially through a hole in the slide block along the axis of rotation;

[0015] The stud is screwed into the through hole and located on the side of the push rod away from the rotating shaft;

[0016] The first elastic element is located inside the through hole and between the push rod and the stud.

[0017] The push rod elastically abuts against the rotating shaft under the force of the first elastic element, and the stud is used to adjust the elastic force of the first elastic element to obtain the target threshold.

[0018] For example, the slide block has a through hole on both radial sides of the slide sleeve, and a flexible locking element is provided in both through holes.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the inner wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with two limiting grooves that extend along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve; a limiting pin is radially inserted through the middle of the guide rod, with each end of the limiting pin corresponding to one of the limiting grooves.

[0020] In some embodiments, the sliding sleeve includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve; wherein the inner sleeve passes through the outer sleeve and is slidably sleeved on the guide rod; the inner sleeve is provided with a limiting groove, and a locking structure is provided between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, the locking structure being used to lock the rotational freedom of the outer sleeve relative to the inner sleeve.

[0021] For example, the locking structure includes:

[0022] The outer sleeve has an annular toothed surface facing the end face of the end connector;

[0023] An axial keyway is provided at the part of the inner sleeve that protrudes from the outer sleeve towards the end connector;

[0024] The end face gear plate is fitted onto the part of the inner sleeve that protrudes from the outer sleeve, and the end face gear plate has anti-rotation ribs that extend into the axial keyway;

[0025] The lock nut is threaded into the inner sleeve and located on the side of the end face gear plate away from the annular tooth surface.

[0026] The second elastic element is located between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, and elastically pushes the end face toothed disc.

[0027] The end face toothed disc has a locking state where it engages with the annular toothed surface under the drive of the lock nut, and an unlocking state where it separates from the annular toothed surface under the push of the second elastic member.

[0028] For example, one end of the guide rod extends out of the sliding sleeve in the direction away from the end connector to form a calibration section, on which a traction force value scale line is provided.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the traction mechanism provided by this utility model are as follows: Compared with the prior art, after the posture adjustment of the end connecting seat of the traction frame is completed, the patient's traction part is fixed on the bracket. Then, the surgical operator drives the slide to move axially on the sliding sleeve through the adjustment structure. During this process, the bracket generates a traction force on the traction part. This traction force is a flexible force formed by the force transmitted from the slide to the sliding sleeve and the compression of the elastic pusher. Since the distance of the slide movement driven by the adjustment structure can be precisely controlled, the accuracy of applying the traction force to the traction part can be improved.

[0030] When the force exerted on the support by the traction site changes during surgery due to patient movement or other factors, the axial force transmitted from the support to the sliding sleeve via the slide block changes accordingly. At this time, the elastic force of the elastic pusher will adaptively change based on the change in the axial force on the sliding sleeve. Specifically, when the traction force increases, the sliding sleeve compresses the elastic pusher to move the support in the traction direction, thus preventing excessive traction on the traction site and secondary damage; when the traction force decreases, the elastic pusher drives the sliding sleeve to move in the opposite direction, thereby causing the support to move in the opposite direction of the traction force, thus preventing the traction force on the traction site from being too low and affecting normal surgical operation. Therefore, the flexible traction force formed on the traction site by the elastic pusher can reduce the risk of sudden changes in traction force caused by human movement or other factors during surgery, ensuring the safety and success of the operation.

[0031] Secondly, this utility model embodiment also provides an orthopedic traction system, including the above-mentioned traction mechanism.

[0032] The orthopedic traction system provided by this invention has significant advantages over existing technologies. Employing the aforementioned traction mechanism, during surgery, the force exerted on the support by the traction site changes due to patient movement or other factors. Consequently, the axial force transmitted from the support to the sliding sleeve via the slide block also changes accordingly, and the elastic force of the elastic pusher adjusts adaptively based on the change in the axial force on the sliding sleeve. Specifically, when the traction force increases, the sliding sleeve compresses the elastic pusher, causing the support to move in the traction direction, thereby preventing excessive traction on the traction site and preventing secondary injury. Conversely, when the traction force decreases, the elastic pusher drives the sliding sleeve to move in the opposite direction, causing the support to move in the opposite direction of the traction force, preventing excessively low traction on the traction site and ensuring the surgery can proceed normally. Therefore, the flexible traction force formed on the traction site by the elastic pusher effectively reduces the risk of sudden changes in traction force caused by patient movement or other factors during surgery, ensuring a safe and smooth surgical procedure. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the traction mechanism provided in the embodiment of this utility model. Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 2 An exploded structural diagram of the traction mechanism (excluding the bracket) provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the adjustment structure used in the embodiments of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the traction mechanism (excluding the bracket) provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 5 For along Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle BB line;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C in the middle;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the slide used in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the outer casing used in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the inner sleeve used in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0042] Figure 10This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the end face toothed disk used in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0043] Figure 11 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0044] In the diagram: 10. Guide rod; 11. Limiting pin; 12. Calibration section; 121. Traction force scale line; 13. Small diameter section; 20. Sliding sleeve; 201. Limiting groove; 202. Limiting platform; 21. Inner sleeve; 211. Limiting ring platform; 22. Outer sleeve; 23. Locking structure; 231. Annular toothed surface; 232. Axial keyway; 233. End face toothed disc; 2331. Anti-rotation rib; 234. Lock nut; 235. Second elastic element; 30. Elastic pusher; 40. Slide seat; 41. Through hole; 50. Bracket; 60. Adjustment structure; 61. Rack surface; 62. Rotating shaft; 621. Gear surface; 622. Manual operating element; 63. Flexible locking element; 631. Push rod; 632. Stud; 633. First elastic element; 70. End connecting seat. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0046] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "set on" or "connected to" another element, it can be directly on or indirectly on the other element. It should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of those features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" or "several" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0047] It's important to understand that existing orthopedic traction systems require locking the traction frame after its posture is adjusted to ensure stability. The support used to fix the traction site is fixedly connected to the end of the traction frame. Therefore, before surgery, the traction frame needs to be adjusted to the target position and angle based on the patient's body position and posture before the traction site is fixed to the support, creating a consistent traction force. If the traction force is insufficient for the surgery, fine-tuning of the traction frame's posture is necessary. This is extremely time-consuming and labor-intensive, requiring at least two people, and the precision of traction application is difficult to control.

[0048] During surgery, the patient's body will inevitably move, causing changes in the distance between the traction position and the support frame. These changes directly affect the traction force. Specifically, when the distance increases, the traction force increases sharply, posing a risk of secondary injury to the traction site; conversely, when the distance decreases, the traction force decreases sharply or even disappears, thus affecting the normal progress of the surgical procedure.

[0049] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 11 The traction mechanism provided by this utility model will now be described. The traction mechanism includes a guide rod 10, a sliding sleeve 20, an elastic pusher 30, and a sliding base 40. The guide rod 10 is fixedly connected to the end connecting seat 70 of the traction frame. The sliding sleeve 20 is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 10 along its axial direction. The elastic pusher 30 is sleeved on the guide rod 10 and located inside the sliding sleeve 20, applying an elastic pusher force to the sliding sleeve 20 towards the end connecting seat 70. The sliding base 40 is slidably connected to the sliding sleeve 20 along its axial direction. The sliding base 40 is provided with a bracket 50 for supporting and fixing the traction part. An adjustment structure 60 is provided between the sliding base 40 and the sliding sleeve 20. The adjustment structure 60 is used to drive the sliding base 40 to move along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve 20 to adjust the traction force transmitted by the bracket 50 to the traction part.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the traction mechanism provided in this embodiment, after the posture adjustment of the end connecting seat 70 of the traction frame is completed, fixes the patient's traction part on the bracket 50. Then, the surgical operator drives the slide 40 to move axially on the sliding sleeve 20 through the adjustment structure 60. During this process, the bracket 50 generates a traction force on the traction part. This traction force is a flexible force formed by the force transmitted from the slide 40 to the sliding sleeve 20 pressing the elastic pusher 30. Since the distance the adjustment structure 60 drives the slide 40 to move can be precisely controlled, the accuracy of applying the traction force to the traction part can be improved.

[0051] When the force exerted on the support 50 by the traction site changes during surgery due to patient movement or other factors, the axial force transmitted from the support 50 to the sliding sleeve 20 via the slide 40 changes accordingly. At this time, the elastic force of the elastic pusher 30 adapts to the change in the axial force on the sliding sleeve 20. Specifically, when the traction force increases, the sliding sleeve 20 compresses the elastic pusher 30, causing the support 50 to move in the traction direction, thus preventing excessive traction on the traction site and secondary damage. When the traction force decreases, the elastic pusher 30 drives the sliding sleeve 20 to move in the opposite direction, thereby causing the support 50 to move in the opposite direction of the traction force, thus preventing the traction force on the traction site from being too low and affecting normal surgical operation. Therefore, the flexible traction force formed on the traction site by the elastic pusher 30 can reduce the risk of sudden changes in traction force caused by human movement or other factors during surgery, ensuring the safety and smooth progress of the surgery.

[0052] Specifically, the aforementioned elastic pusher 30 can be a spring, a disc spring, or a combination of disc springs; considering sufficient compression, a spring is preferred. Optional mounting structures for the elastic pusher 30 include... Figure 4 As shown, the guide rod 10 has a small-diameter section 13 with a diameter smaller than the rest of its parts, and the sliding sleeve 20 has a limiting platform 202 that slides with the small-diameter section 13; the elastic pusher 30 is sleeved on the small-diameter section 13, with one end abutting against the stepped surface of the small-diameter section 13 away from the end connecting seat 70, and the other end abutting against the limiting platform 202. Thus, the elastic pusher 30 can be used to apply an elastic pusher force to the sliding sleeve 20, driving the sliding sleeve 20 to move toward the end connecting seat 70.

[0053] It should be understood that after the traction part is fixed to the bracket 50, it exerts a traction force on the bracket 50 in a direction away from the end connecting seat 70. Therefore, during the application of the traction force, the elastic pusher 30 is compressed under the counterforce of the sliding sleeve 20. The bracket 50 can be fixed to the traction part by using its supporting surface to support the traction part, while using several straps to tighten the traction part.

[0054] In some embodiments, see Figures 3 to 5 The aforementioned adjustment structure 60 includes a rack surface 61 formed on the outer wall of the slide sleeve 20, and a rotating shaft 62 rotatably connected to the slide block 40; a gear surface 621 that meshes with the rack surface 61 is formed in the middle of the rotating shaft 62, and a manual operation member 622 is connected to at least one end of the rotating shaft 62.

[0055] The outer wall of the sliding sleeve 20 can be fitted with a fixed rack along its axial direction to form a rack surface 61, or the rack surface 61 can be formed by directly machining the tooth profile on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 20; the rotating shaft 62 can be fitted with a gear to form a gear surface 621, or the gear profile can be formed by directly machining the tooth profile on the peripheral wall of its middle part. The meshing connection of the gear surface 621 and the rack surface 61 can convert the rotational motion of the rotating shaft 62 into the linear relative motion of the sliding sleeve 20 and the slide block 40.

[0056] Therefore, by applying rotational force to the manual operating component 622 at the end of the rotating shaft 62, such as a rocker or handwheel, the gear surface 621 can be engaged and rolled against the rack surface 61, thereby driving the slide 40 to move towards the end connecting seat 70. This gradually increases the traction force of the bracket 50 on the pulled part. At the same time, the slide sleeve 20 compresses the elastic pusher 30 and generates axial movement relative to the guide rod 10. When the axial movement distance of the slide sleeve 20 relative to the guide rod 10 reaches the target value, the elastic pusher 30 receives a corresponding compression amount. Thus, the elastic pusher force value of the elastic pusher 30 on the slide sleeve 20 can be obtained, which is the traction force value on the pulled part. Therefore, by determining the axial movement of the slide sleeve 20 relative to the guide rod 10 during the rotation of the manual operating component 622, the magnitude of the traction force can be accurately obtained, thereby improving the accuracy of applying the traction force to the pulled part.

[0057] As a modified embodiment of the above-described adjustment structure 60, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The adjustment structure 60 also includes a flexible locking element 63, which is disposed on the slide 40 and acts on the rotating shaft 62; wherein, the flexible locking element 63 is used to lock the rotational degree of freedom of the rotating shaft 62 at a target threshold.

[0058] Considering that the meshing between the gear surface 621 and the rack surface 61 cannot form a self-locking mechanism, there is a risk of reverse rotation of the shaft 62 under high traction force. This would cause the slide 40 to move on the sliding sleeve 20, resulting in a decrease or even loss of traction force. Therefore, a flexible locking element 63 is used to lock the rotational freedom of the shaft 62, ensuring that the shaft 62 remains locked and cannot rotate within the target threshold traction force. This avoids a sudden drop or even loss of traction force, ensuring the smooth operation of the procedure.

[0059] When the traction force exceeds the target threshold due to patient movement or other factors during surgery, the rotating shaft 62 will overcome the locking force of the flexible locking member 63 and rotate, causing the slide 40 to move in the direction of the traction force. This allows the traction force to quickly return to below the target threshold, while the rotating shaft 62 regains its rotational freedom locked by the flexible locking member 63. Therefore, by utilizing the flexible locking effect of the rotating shaft 62 within the target threshold, it is possible to avoid excessive traction on the tractioned area due to a sudden increase in traction force, and to prevent the rotating shaft 62 from reversing below the target threshold of traction force, thus preventing the traction force from decreasing or disappearing. This improves the safety and smoothness of the surgical procedure.

[0060] Optionally, please refer to Figure 5 In this embodiment, the flexible locking member 63 includes a push rod 631, a stud 632, and a first elastic member 633. The push rod 631 is slidably inserted into a through hole 41 in the slide block 40 along the radial direction of the rotating shaft 62. The stud 632 is screwed into the through hole 41 and is located on the side of the push rod 631 away from the rotating shaft 62. The first elastic member 633 is disposed in the through hole 41 and is located between the push rod 631 and the stud 632. The push rod 631 elastically abuts against the rotating shaft 62 under the action of the first elastic member 633, and the stud 632 is used to adjust the elastic force of the first elastic member 633 to obtain the target threshold.

[0061] The through hole 41 inside the slide 40 includes a section of smooth hole near the rotating shaft 62 and a section of threaded hole away from the rotating shaft 62. The push rod 631 slides through the smooth hole, with one end of the push rod 631 abutting against the rotating shaft 62 and the other end extending into the threaded hole. The diameter of the threaded hole is larger than the diameter of the smooth hole to avoid causing movement interference to the push rod 631. The first elastic element 633, such as a spring, passes through the threaded hole and abuts against the push rod 631. The stud 632 is screwed into the threaded hole and abuts against the first elastic element 633.

[0062] Therefore, by adjusting the screw depth of the stud 632 in the perforation 41, the elastic force applied by the first elastic element 633 to the push rod 631 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the radial resistance of the push rod 631 to the rotating shaft 62. The greater the radial resistance of the rotating shaft 62, the greater the locking force. The magnitude of the locking force can be adjusted by turning the stud 632 according to the traction force required for the operation (i.e., the target threshold), thereby achieving a flexible locking effect where the rotating shaft 62 can rotate when the traction force reaches the target threshold and cannot rotate when it is below the target threshold.

[0063] It should be noted that, in order to avoid a situation where a single flexible locking element 63 cannot reliably lock the rotating shaft 62, please refer to [the relevant documentation / reference]. Figure 5In this embodiment, the slide block 40 has a through hole 41 on both radial sides of the slide sleeve 20, and a flexible locking element 63 is provided in each of the two through holes 41. The two flexible locking elements 63 act on the peripheral walls of the two ends of the rotating shaft 62 respectively, which helps to improve the stability of the locking state.

[0064] For some possible implementations, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 4 The inner wall of the aforementioned sliding sleeve 20 is provided with two limiting grooves 201, which extend along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve 20; a limiting pin 11 is radially inserted through the middle of the guide rod 10, and the two ends of the limiting pin 11 respectively extend into one of the limiting grooves 201.

[0065] By using the limiting pins 11 that are radially inserted through the guide rod 10, both ends of the pins extend into the limiting grooves 201 on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 20. This prevents the sliding sleeve 20 from rotating relative to the guide rod 10, thereby improving traction stability. At the same time, both ends of the limiting grooves 201 can form a limiting relationship with the limiting pins 11 in the axial direction of the sliding sleeve 20, thereby preventing the sliding sleeve 20 from falling off the guide rod 10 and causing secondary damage to the traction site, thus improving the safety of the surgical procedure.

[0066] For a specific structural form of the aforementioned sliding sleeve 20, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 The sliding sleeve 20 includes an inner sleeve 21 and an outer sleeve 22; wherein the inner sleeve 21 passes through the outer sleeve 22 and is slidably sleeved on the guide rod 10; the inner sleeve 21 is provided with a limiting groove 201, and a locking structure 23 is provided between the inner sleeve 21 and the outer sleeve 22, the locking structure 23 being used to lock the rotational freedom of the outer sleeve 22 relative to the inner sleeve 21.

[0067] The sliding sleeve 20 adopts a split structure in which the inner sleeve 21 and the outer sleeve 22 are interlocked. The inner sleeve 21 can slide along the axial direction of the guide rod 10 and locks its rotational freedom based on the cooperation of the limiting groove 201 and the limiting pin 11. On this basis, the outer sleeve 22 is connected to the inner sleeve 21 by the locking structure 23. During use, the outer sleeve 22 and the inner sleeve 21 remain relatively fixed. When the traction part needs to be adjusted in the circumferential direction of the guide rod 10 (for example, the traction part is usually placed on the bracket 50, but in order to facilitate the operation, there may be a situation where the traction part is swung at a certain angle along the traction direction), simply unlock the locking structure 23 to allow the outer sleeve 22 to rotate relative to the inner sleeve 21. After the rotation adjustment is in place, the locking structure 23 can relock the rotational freedom of the outer sleeve 22. This can improve the flexibility and adaptability of the traction mechanism to different traction operation requirements.

[0068] It is necessary to understand that, such as Figure 4As shown, to prevent relative movement between the inner sleeve 21 and the outer sleeve 22 in the axial direction and to meet the requirement that the inner sleeve 21 and the outer sleeve 22 can move synchronously relative to the guide rod 10, in this embodiment, the outer wall of the inner sleeve 21 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 22 are provided with mutually abutting limiting ring platforms 211. The limiting ring platforms 211 of the inner sleeve 21 and the outer sleeve 22 form an abutting limit in the axial direction, and together with the locking structure 23, they jointly constrain the axial relative movement degree of freedom between the inner sleeve 21 and the outer sleeve 22, resulting in a compact and reliable structure.

[0069] For some possible implementations, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 6 , Figures 8 to 10 The locking structure 23 includes an annular toothed surface 231 provided on the end face of the outer sleeve 22 facing the end connecting seat 70, an axial keyway 232 provided on the inner sleeve 21 facing the part of the end connecting seat 70 that protrudes from the outer sleeve 22, an end face toothed disc 233, a lock nut 234, and a second elastic member 235.

[0070] The end face gear 233 is sleeved on the part of the inner sleeve 21 that protrudes from the outer sleeve 22. The end face gear 233 has an anti-rotation rib 2331 that extends into the axial keyway 232. The lock nut 234 is threaded onto the inner sleeve 21 and is located on the side of the end face gear 233 that is away from the annular tooth surface 231. The second elastic member 235 is disposed between the inner sleeve 21 and the outer sleeve 22 and elastically pushes the end face gear 233. The end face gear 233 has a locked state in which it engages with the annular tooth surface 231 under the drive of the lock nut 234, and also has an unlocked state in which it separates from the annular tooth surface 231 under the push of the second elastic member 235.

[0071] By pressing the end face gear 233 with the lock nut 234, the end face gear 233 and the annular tooth surface 231 of the outer sleeve 22 are engaged with each other. Since the rotational freedom is constrained between the end face gear 233 and the inner sleeve 21 by the engagement of the anti-rotation rib 2331 and the axial keyway 232, the rotational freedom of the outer sleeve 22 relative to the inner sleeve 21 can be locked after the end face gear 233 and the annular tooth surface 231 are engaged, thus forming a rotational locking state. At the same time, the lock nut 234 also forms an axial limit on the end face of the outer sleeve 22. This can work together with the limiting ring platform 211 between the inner sleeve 21 and the outer sleeve 22 to abut and limit the axial relative movement of the two, resulting in a compact and reliable structure.

[0072] When it is necessary to rotate the outer sleeve 22, loosening the lock nut 234 allows the second elastic element 235, such as a spring, to push the end face gear 233, thereby driving the end face gear 233 to separate from the annular tooth surface 231. At this time, the outer sleeve 22 can rotate relative to the inner sleeve 21. After rotating to the correct position, the lock nut 234 is rotated in the opposite direction to compress the end face gear 233 with the second elastic element 235 until the end face gear 233 and the annular tooth surface 231 re-engage. The operation is simple and the structure is compact.

[0073] To meet the requirements for precise application of traction force, please refer to Figure 11 One end of the guide rod 10 extends out of the sliding sleeve 20 in a direction away from the end connecting seat 70 to form a calibration section 12, and the calibration section 12 is provided with a traction force value scale line 121.

[0074] Since the axial movement distance of the guide rod 10 relative to the sliding sleeve 20 reflects the compression of the elastic pusher 30, and thus reflects the magnitude of the traction force, the end of the guide rod 10 that extends out of the sliding sleeve 20 is used as the calibration section 12. During the process of the adjustment structure 60 driving the slide block 40 to move and generating traction force on the traction part, the magnitude of the current traction force can be known by reading the traction force value scale line 121 exposed at the end of the sliding sleeve 20 in the calibration section 12, thereby meeting the operational requirements for precise application of traction force.

[0075] Based on the same inventive concept, combined with Figures 1 to 11 It is understood that this application also provides an orthopedic traction system, including the traction mechanism described above.

[0076] The orthopedic traction system provided in this embodiment, compared with the prior art, employs the aforementioned traction mechanism. During surgery, the force exerted on the support 50 by the traction site may change due to patient movement or other factors. At this time, the axial force transmitted from the support 50 to the sliding sleeve 20 via the slide 40 will also change accordingly, and the elastic force of the elastic pusher 30 will adaptively adjust based on the change in the axial force on the sliding sleeve 20. Specifically, when the traction force increases, the sliding sleeve 20 compresses the elastic pusher 30, causing the support 50 to move in the traction direction, thereby preventing excessive traction on the traction site and preventing secondary injury. Conversely, when the traction force decreases, the elastic pusher 30 drives the sliding sleeve 20 to move in the opposite direction, thereby causing the support 50 to move in the opposite direction of the traction force, preventing the traction force on the traction site from being too low and ensuring the surgery can proceed normally. Therefore, the flexible traction force formed on the traction site by the elastic pusher 30 can effectively reduce the risk of sudden changes in traction force caused by human movement or other factors during surgery, ensuring a safe and smooth surgical procedure.

[0077] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A traction mechanism, characterized in that, include: Guide rod, used to fix the connection to the end connector of the traction frame; A sliding sleeve is slidably fitted onto the guide rod along the axial direction of the guide rod; An elastic pusher is sleeved on the guide rod and located inside the sliding sleeve. The elastic pusher applies an elastic pusher force to the sliding sleeve toward the end connecting seat. A slide block is slidably connected to the slide sleeve along the axial direction of the slide sleeve. The slide block is provided with a bracket for supporting and fixing the traction part. An adjustment structure is provided between the slide block and the slide sleeve. The adjustment structure is used to drive the slide block to move along the axial direction of the slide sleeve, so as to adjust the traction force transmitted by the bracket to the traction part.

2. The traction mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment structure includes a rack surface formed on the outer wall of the sliding sleeve, and a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the slide block; a gear surface that meshes with the rack surface is formed in the middle of the rotating shaft, and a manual operating component is connected to at least one end of the rotating shaft.

3. The traction mechanism as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The adjustment structure further includes a flexible locking element, which is disposed on the slide and acts on the rotating shaft; wherein, the flexible locking element is used to lock the rotational degree of freedom of the rotating shaft at a target threshold.

4. The traction mechanism as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The flexible locking element includes: The push rod slides radially through a through hole in the slide block along the axis of rotation; A stud is screwed into the through hole and located on the side of the push rod opposite to the rotating shaft; A first elastic element is disposed within the through hole and located between the push rod and the stud; The push rod elastically abuts against the rotating shaft under the force of the first elastic element, and the stud is used to adjust the elastic force of the first elastic element to obtain the target threshold.

5. The traction mechanism as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The slide block has a through hole on each of the radial sides of the slide sleeve, and the flexible locking element is provided in each of the two through holes.

6. The traction mechanism as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with two limiting grooves that extend along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve; a limiting pin is radially inserted through the middle of the guide rod, and the two ends of the limiting pin respectively extend into one of the limiting grooves.

7. The traction mechanism as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The sliding sleeve includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve; wherein the inner sleeve passes through the outer sleeve and is slidably sleeved on the guide rod; the inner sleeve is provided with the limiting groove, and a locking structure is provided between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, the locking structure being used to lock the rotational freedom of the outer sleeve relative to the inner sleeve.

8. The traction mechanism as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The locking structure includes: The outer sleeve has an annular toothed surface facing the end face of the end connector; An axial keyway is provided on the part of the inner sleeve that protrudes from the outer sleeve toward the end connector; An end face gear plate is fitted onto the part of the inner sleeve that protrudes from the outer sleeve, and the end face gear plate has an anti-rotation rib that extends into the axial keyway; A lock nut is threaded onto the inner sleeve and located on the side of the end face gear disk opposite to the annular tooth surface; The second elastic element is disposed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, and elastically pushes the end face toothed disc; The end face toothed disc has a locked state in which it engages with the annular toothed surface under the drive of the lock nut, and an unlocked state in which it separates from the annular toothed surface under the push of the second elastic member.

9. The traction mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, One end of the guide rod extends out of the sliding sleeve in a direction away from the end connector to form a calibration section, and the calibration section is provided with a traction force value scale line.

10. An orthopedic traction system, characterized in that, Includes the traction mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-9.

Images