Pickup feeding device and granulator

Abstract

This utility model discloses a picking-up and feeding device and a pellet mill. The mobile pellet mill includes a frame. The picking-up and feeding device includes: a grass-laying device, rotatably connected to the front end of the frame, including a grass-laying roller for flattening the piled grass, and a crushing structure for initially crushing the grass on the grass-laying roller; a grass-picking device, including a picker and an auger mechanism, located at the rear end of the grass-laying device, the picker being used to pick up and convey the grass processed by the grass-laying device to the inlet end of the auger mechanism; a crushing device, located on the frame, including a crushing rotary cutter, for secondary crushing of the material at the outlet end of the auger mechanism; and a feeding device, including a driving roller, a driven roller, and a feeding belt, the driving roller being used to drive the feeding belt to transfer the grass processed by the crushing device to the ring die pellet forming rollers of the mobile pellet mill.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular, to a pick-up and feed device. Furthermore, this utility model also relates to a pellet mill including the aforementioned pick-up and feed device. Background Technology

[0002] In the production of biomass pellets, straw, forage, and other forage are first harvested by a harvester. The harvested straw is then transported to a crusher, where it is crushed and then fed into a biomass pellet mill for pelletizing. During this process, due to the varying lengths of the straw, longer straws can easily clog the inlet of the crusher's pickup device, affecting the subsequent pelletizing operation. For example, the technical solution disclosed in CN117598116A is a traction-type field straw pellet mill, including a straw pickup mechanism, a conveying mechanism, a pressing roller mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a screening mechanism, and a hopper. Straw and other forage from the field are conveyed to the pressing roller mechanism, where they are squeezed into the pelletizing holes to form biomass pellets, which are then temporarily stored in the hopper. However, the aforementioned problem persists, and the pickup function, pickup efficiency, and conveying effect need further improvement. Therefore, a pickup device that avoids clogging is needed to facilitate the subsequent pelletizing process. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention provides a picking and feeding device and a pellet mill to solve the technical problem that existing picking and feeding devices are prone to clogging the inlet when long straws are inserted.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a pickup and feeding device is provided, applied to a mobile pellet mill, the mobile pellet mill including a frame, the pickup and feeding device comprising:

[0005] The grass-laying device is rotatably connected to the front end of the frame and includes a grass-laying roller for flattening the piled grass, and the grass-laying roller is provided with a crushing structure for initially crushing the grass.

[0006] The grass-collecting device, including a picker and an auger mechanism, is located at the rear end of the grass-laying device. The picker is used to collect the grass processed by the grass-laying device and transport it to the inlet end of the auger mechanism.

[0007] A crushing device, installed on the frame, includes a crushing rotary cutter for secondary crushing of the material at the outlet end of the auger mechanism;

[0008] The feeding device includes a drive roller, a driven roller, and a feeding belt. The drive roller is used to drive the feeding belt to transfer the straw processed by the crushing device to the ring die pellet forming rollers of the mobile pellet mill.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the crushing structure includes a toothed plate disposed on the outer wall of the grass-laying roller, and the grass-laying device further includes a fixed hanging plate connected to the frame for passing through the grass-laying roller, follower wheels disposed at both ends of the grass-laying roller, and guide fingers disposed between the grass-laying device and the grass-picking device.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the grass-picking device also includes an auger frame connected to the frame, the auger frame being used to mount the auger mechanism, the picker being hinged to the auger frame, and the grass-picking device also includes a first telescopic mechanism that is respectively hinged to the picker and the auger frame, the first telescopic mechanism being used to telescopically move to drive the picker to swing based on the hinge point on the auger frame.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the shredding device includes a power mechanism and a shredding frame disposed on the frame. The shredding rotary cutter is provided with multiple sets of blades. The power mechanism is used to drive the shredding rotary cutter to rotate circumferentially, thereby moving the grass at the outlet end of the grass picking device toward the feeding device and cutting the grass.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the blades are arranged in a spiral or V-shape on the outer wall of the shredder.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the shredding device also includes a cleaning structure disposed on the shredding frame for scraping off the grass from the blades.

[0014] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the crushing device further includes a material base plate and a second telescopic mechanism. The first end of the material base plate is hinged to the bottom of the crushing frame, and the two ends of the second telescopic mechanism are respectively hinged to the second end of the material base plate and the crushing frame. The second telescopic mechanism is used to drive the material base plate to swing, thereby controlling the size of the material channel outlet.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the feeding device further includes a tensioning mechanism for maintaining the tension of the feeding belt and / or adjusting the tension of the feeding belt.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the tensioning mechanism includes a tensioning frame, an adjusting rod, a first tension spring, a second tension spring, a first tensioning swing arm hinged to the tensioning frame, a second tensioning swing arm hinged to the tensioning frame, a first hanging plate slidably connected to the tensioning frame along a preset direction, and a second hanging plate slidably connected to the tensioning frame along a preset direction. A first fixing member is provided on the first hanging plate, and a second fixing member is provided on the second hanging plate. The two ends of the adjusting rod are threadedly connected to the first fixing member and the second fixing member, respectively. The two ends of the first tension spring are connected to the first hanging plate and the first tensioning swing arm, respectively. The two ends of the second tension spring are connected to the second hanging plate and the second tensioning swing arm, respectively. The swing direction of the first tensioning swing arm is located near the front end, and the swing direction of the second tensioning swing arm is located near the rear end. The adjusting rod is used to rotate and adjust the position of the first hanging plate and the second hanging plate, thereby adjusting the tension of the first tension spring and the second tension spring, and thus adjusting the tension of the first tensioning swing arm and the second tensioning swing arm.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, a pellet mill is also provided, which includes the above-described picking and feeding device.

[0018] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This picking-up and feeding device connects to a straw-laying device at the front of the frame, allowing the straw-laying device to compress straw ridges onto the ground under gravity. Simultaneously, the straw-laying roller rotates synchronously with the device, initially crushing the straw using its surface crushing structure and spreading it into sheets or clumps on the ground. After initial crushing, the picking device picks up the straw in flakes and conveys it to the rear center of the picking-up and feeding device via a symmetrically arranged auger mechanism, reaching the crushing device. The crushing device's rotating blades further crush the straw output from the auger mechanism. Finally, the feeding device delivers the straw to the ring die pellet forming rollers of the mobile pellet mill for extrusion into biomass pellets. This device significantly improves picking efficiency, essentially achieving complete straw collection. Furthermore, the two-stage crushing process better handles longer and harder straws, facilitating subsequent extrusion into biomass pellets.

[0020] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, this utility model has other objectives, features, and advantages. The present utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a reference diagram showing the usage state of a preferred embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0025] Legend:

[0026] 1. Straw spreading device; 2. Straw picking device; 3. Crushing device; 4. Feeding device; 5. Straw spreading roller; 6. Guide finger; 7. Follower wheel; 8. Fixed hanging plate; 9. Pickup device; 10. Screw mechanism; 11. Screw frame; 12. Crushing frame; 13. Crushing rotary cutter; 14. Cleaning structure; 15. Material bottom plate; 16. Second telescopic mechanism; 17. First driven roller; 18. Second driven roller; 19. Second tension roller; 20. Tensioning mechanism; 21. First tension roller; 22. Feeding belt; 23. Drive roller; 24. Tensioning frame; 25. First tensioning swing arm; 26. Second tensioning swing arm; 27. Adjusting rod; 28. First fixing component; 29. ​​Second fixing component; 30. Second tension spring; 31. Roller frame; 32. Screw shaft; 33. First telescopic mechanism; 34. Installation structure. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered below.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a reference diagram showing the usage state of a preferred embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ; .

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the pickup and feeding device of this embodiment is applied to a mobile pellet mill. The mobile pellet mill includes a frame, and the pickup and feeding device includes:

[0030] The grass-laying device 1 is rotatably connected to the front end of the frame and includes a grass-laying roller 5 for flattening the piled grass. The grass-laying roller 5 is provided with a crushing structure for initially crushing the grass.

[0031] The grass-picking device 2, including a picker 9 and an auger mechanism 10, is located at the rear end of the grass-laying device 1. The picker 9 is used to pick up the grass processed by the grass-laying device 1 and transport it to the inlet end of the auger mechanism 10.

[0032] The crushing device 3 is installed on the frame and includes a crushing rotary cutter 13, which is used to crush the material at the outlet end of the auger mechanism 10 for secondary crushing.

[0033] The feeding device 4 includes a drive roller 23, a driven roller, and a feeding belt 22. The drive roller 23 is used to drive the feeding belt 22 to transfer the straw processed by the crushing device 3 to the ring die pellet forming rollers of the mobile pellet mill.

[0034] The pickup 9 is implemented with reference to the existing pickup 9 technology, and will not be described in detail.

[0035] Understandably, this picking and feeding device connects to the grass-laying device 1 at the front end of the frame, allowing the grass-laying device 1 to press grass ridges onto the ground under gravity. Simultaneously, the grass-laying roller 5 rotates synchronously with its movement. While the grass-laying roller 5 presses the grass, the crushing structure on its surface initially crushes the grass and spreads it flat on the ground in sheets or clumps. After initial crushing, the picking device 9 picks up the grass in pieces as it moves forward and conveys it to the rear center of the picking and feeding device via a symmetrically arranged auger mechanism 10, reaching the crushing device 3. The crushing blade 13 of the crushing device 3 rotates circumferentially to further crush the grass output from the auger mechanism 10. Finally, the feeding device 4 sends the grass to the ring die pellet forming rollers of the mobile pellet mill for extrusion into biomass pellets. This device can significantly improve picking efficiency, basically achieving complete grass picking. At the same time, by performing two-stage crushing of the grass, it better handles longer and harder straws, making it easier for the straw to be extruded into biomass pellets.

[0036] In some embodiments, the crushing structure includes a toothed plate disposed on the outer wall of the grass-laying roller 5. The grass-laying device 1 also includes a fixed hanging plate 8 connected to the frame for passing through the grass-laying roller 5, follower wheels 7 disposed at both ends of the grass-laying roller 5, and guide fingers 6 disposed between the grass-laying device 1 and the grass-picking device 2. Specifically, the grass-laying device 1 flattens the accumulated grass by gravity. The follower wheels 7 and the grass-laying roller 5 rotate as the pellet mill moves forward, causing the toothed plate to crush part of the grass while squeezing it. The grass forms grass strips on the ground, achieving primary crushing of the grass. The guide fingers 6 guide the grass strips when they are picked up and achieve an upper limit on the grass strips, so as to guide and restrict the grass strips on the grass-picking device 2, ensuring the picking and transportation effect.

[0037] In some embodiments, the grass-picking device 2 further includes an auger frame 11 connected to the frame. The auger frame 11 is used to install the auger mechanism 10. The auger frame 11 is provided with a mounting structure 34 for the auger mechanism 10, which can adjust the mounting and fixing position of the auger mechanism 10 to match the picker 9. The picker 9 is hinged to the auger frame 11. The grass-picking device 2 also includes a first telescopic mechanism 33 that is respectively hinged to the picker 9 and the auger frame 11. The first telescopic mechanism 33 is used for telescopic movement to drive the picker 9 to swing based on the hinge point on the auger frame 11. Specifically, the hinge point of the picker 9 is preferably integrated with the auger shaft 32 of the auger mechanism 10, which makes the structure more streamlined. The first telescopic mechanism 33 is preferably implemented by a hydraulic cylinder. By controlling the hydraulic cylinder, the picker 9 is controlled to swing around the auger shaft 32 to adjust the ground clearance. At the same time, it can drive the grass-laying device 1 to swing, resulting in lower energy consumption and structural stability.

[0038] In some embodiments, the shredding device 3 includes a power mechanism and a shredding frame 12 disposed on the frame. The shredding rotary cutter 13 is provided with multiple sets of blades. The power mechanism provides rotational power to the shredding rotary cutter 13. The power mechanism drives the shredding rotary cutter 13 to rotate circumferentially, thereby moving the grass at the outlet end of the grass picking device 2 toward the feeding device 4 while cutting the grass.

[0039] In some embodiments, the blades are arranged in a spiral or V-shape on the outer wall of the shredder 13 to improve the shredding effect. Furthermore, the shredding device 3 also includes a cleaning structure 14 disposed on the shredding frame 12 for scraping off the grass on the blades. The cleaning structure 14 includes cleaning scrapers disposed on the shredding frame 12, the number of which and the spacing between them are matched with the axial spacing of the blades. When the shredder 13 rotates, the blades pass close to a cleaning scraper, and the cleaning scraper scrapes off the grass on the blades.

[0040] In some embodiments, the crushing device 3 further includes a material base plate 15 and a second telescopic mechanism 16. The first end of the material base plate 15 is hinged to the bottom of the crushing frame 12, and the two ends of the second telescopic mechanism 16 are respectively hinged to the second end of the material base plate 15 and the crushing frame 12. The second telescopic mechanism 16 is used to drive the material base plate 15 to swing and thereby control the size of the material channel outlet. The material base plate 15, together with the feeding frame, the feeding rotary cutter, and the cleaning scraper, constitutes the material channel of the feeding device. The second telescopic mechanism 16 is preferably implemented by a hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic action of the second telescopic mechanism 16 drives the material base plate 15 to swing, thereby adjusting the size of the material channel outlet and adjusting the gap between it and the feeding belt 22 arranged thereafter.

[0041] In some embodiments, the feeding device 4 includes a plurality of first driven rollers 17 and second driven rollers 18; the driving roller 23 and each driven roller are mounted and fixed by a roller frame 31, which is connected to the machine frame;

[0042] In some embodiments, the feeding device 4 further includes a tensioning mechanism 20 for maintaining the tension of the feeding belt 22 and / or adjusting the tension of the feeding belt 22.

[0043] Specifically, the tensioning mechanism 20 includes a tensioning frame 24, an adjusting rod 27, a first tension spring, a second tension spring 30, a first tensioning swing arm 25 hinged to the tensioning frame 24, a second tensioning swing arm 26 hinged to the tensioning frame 24, a first hanging plate slidably connected to the tensioning frame 24 along a preset direction, and a second hanging plate slidably connected to the tensioning frame 24 along a preset direction. A first fixing member 28 is provided on the first hanging plate, and a second fixing member 29 is provided on the second hanging plate. The two ends of the adjusting rod 27 are threadedly connected to the first fixing member 28 and the second fixing member 29, respectively. The two ends of the first tension spring are connected to the first hanging plate and the first tensioning swing arm 25, respectively. The two ends of the second tension spring 30 are connected to the second hanging plate and the second tensioning swing arm 26, respectively. The swing direction of the first tensioning swing arm 25 is located near the front end, and the swing direction of the second tensioning swing arm 26 is located near the rear end. The adjusting rod 27 is used to rotate and adjust the position of the first and second hanging plates, thereby adjusting the tension of the first and second tension springs 30 and thus the tension of the first tensioning swing arm 25 and the second tensioning swing arm 26. When the adjusting rod 27 is rotated, the first fixing member 28 and the second fixing member 29 move in opposite directions based on the axial direction of the adjusting rod 27, causing the first and second hanging plates to move in opposite directions, thereby simultaneously tensioning or relaxing the first and second tension springs 30, achieving the purpose of adjusting the tension. The structure is simple and the operation is convenient. The first tensioning swing arm 25 is equipped with a first tensioning roller 21 that cooperates with the feeding belt 22, and the second tensioning swing arm 26 is equipped with a second tensioning roller 19 that cooperates with the feeding belt 22. The first tensioning roller 21 is matched with the position between the two ring die granule forming rollers to ensure the effect of forage conveying.

[0044] On the other hand, a preferred embodiment of the present invention also provides a pellet mill that uses the above-mentioned picking and feeding device.

[0045] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0046] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A pick-up feeding device for a mobile granulator, the mobile granulator comprising a frame, characterized in that, The pickup and feeding device includes: The grass-laying device (1) is rotatably connected to the front end of the frame and includes a grass-laying roller (5) for flattening the piled grass. The grass-laying roller (5) is provided with a crushing structure for initially crushing the grass. The grass-picking device (2), including a picker (9) and an auger mechanism (10), is located at the rear end of the grass-laying device (1). The picker (9) is used to pick up the grass processed by the grass-laying device (1) and transport it to the inlet end of the auger mechanism (10). The crushing device (3) is installed on the frame and includes a crushing rotary cutter (13) for secondary crushing of the material at the outlet end of the auger mechanism (10); The feeding device (4) includes a drive roller (23), a driven roller, and a feeding belt (22). The drive roller (23) is used to drive the feeding belt (22) to transfer the straw processed by the crushing device (3) to the ring die pellet forming roller of the mobile pellet mill.

2. The pickup and feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing structure includes a toothed plate disposed on the outer wall of the grass-laying roller (5), and the grass-laying device (1) also includes a fixed hanging plate (8) connected to the frame for passing through the grass-laying roller (5), follower wheels (7) disposed at both ends of the grass-laying roller (5), and guide fingers (6) disposed between the grass-laying device (1) and the grass-picking device (2).

3. The pickup and feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grass-picking device (2) further includes an auger frame (11) connected to the frame. The auger frame (11) is used to mount the auger mechanism (10). The picker (9) is hinged to the auger frame (11). The grass-picking device (2) further includes a first telescopic mechanism (33) that is respectively hinged to the picker (9) and the auger frame (11). The first telescopic mechanism (33) is used to telescopically move to drive the picker (9) to swing based on the hinge point on the auger frame (11).

4. The pickup and feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shredding device (3) includes a power mechanism and a shredding frame (12) set on the frame. The shredding rotary cutter (13) is provided with multiple sets of blades. The power mechanism is used to drive the shredding rotary cutter (13) to rotate circumferentially, thereby driving the grass at the outlet end of the grass picking device (2) to move towards the feeding device (4) and simultaneously cutting the grass.

5. The pickup and feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The blades are arranged in a spiral or V-shape on the outer wall of the shredder (13).

6. The pickup and feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shredding device (3) also includes a cleaning structure (14) disposed on the shredding frame (12) for scraping off the grass on the blade.

7. The pickup and feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The crushing device (3) further includes a material base plate (15) and a second telescopic mechanism (16). The first end of the material base plate (15) is hinged to the bottom of the crushing frame (12). The two ends of the second telescopic mechanism (16) are respectively hinged to the second end of the material base plate (15) and the crushing frame (12). The second telescopic mechanism (16) is used to drive the material base plate (15) to swing, thereby controlling the size of the material channel outlet.

8. The pickup and feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding device (4) further includes a tensioning mechanism (20) for maintaining the tension of the feeding belt (22) and / or adjusting the tension of the feeding belt (22).

9. The pickup and feeding device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The tensioning mechanism (20) includes a tensioning frame (24), an adjusting rod (27), a first tension spring, a second tension spring (30), a first tensioning swing arm (25) hinged to the tensioning frame (24), a second tensioning swing arm (26) hinged to the tensioning frame (24), a first hanging plate slidably connected to the tensioning frame (24) along a preset direction, and a second hanging plate slidably connected to the tensioning frame (24) along a preset direction. A first fixing member (28) is provided on the first hanging plate, and a second fixing member (29) is provided on the second hanging plate. The two ends of the adjusting rod (27) are threaded to the first fixing member (28) and the second fixing member (29) respectively. Next, the two ends of the first tension spring are respectively connected to the first hanging plate and the first tensioning swing arm (25), and the two ends of the second tension spring (30) are respectively connected to the second hanging plate and the second tensioning swing arm (26). The swing direction of the first tensioning swing arm (25) is located on the side closer to the front end, and the swing direction of the second tensioning swing arm (26) is located on the side closer to the rear end. The adjusting rod (27) is used to rotate and adjust the position of the first hanging plate and the second hanging plate, thereby adjusting the tension of the first tension spring and the second tension spring (30), and thus adjusting the tension of the first tensioning swing arm (25) and the second tensioning swing arm (26).

10. A pellet mill, characterized in that, The application has the pickup and feeding device according to any one of claims 1-9.

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