Intermediary fixed two-end movable shell track tie mold

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of intermediate fixed two ends movable shell track tie mould, including mould frame. Mould frame includes the rectangular frame body of two side beams, tension end beam and fixed end beam, connecting beam is connected between the bottom of two side beams, and tensioning equipment is installed on tension end beam. The middle part in frame body is fixed with fixed shell, and multiple movable shells are provided outside two ends of fixed shell. Movable shell is fixed in outer frame, and connecting member connecting between the bottom of outer frame and two side beams is movable pin joint, so that movable shell can be slid along the length direction of mould frame to frame middle part by outer frame by a set distance. Elastic block is installed between fixed shell and adjacent movable shell, between adjacent two movable shells, between movable shell and tensioning equipment, between movable shell and fixed end beam. The utility model has the advantages of improving concrete track tie yield, easy demoulding, and is suitable for popularization and application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a railway sleeper mold, and more particularly to a railway sleeper mold with a fixed middle section and movable ends for producing concrete railway sleepers. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, existing sleeper molds used for producing concrete railway sleepers typically include a mold frame 100, as shown in the reference. Figure 18 To understand this, the mold frame 100 comprises a rectangular frame consisting of two side beams 110, a tensioning end beam 120, and a fixed end beam 130. The bottoms of the two side beams 110 are connected by multiple spaced connecting beams 150. A tensioning device is installed on the tensioning end beam 120. The tensioning device typically includes a tensioning rod 1420 that runs through the tensioning end beam 120. One end of the tensioning rod 1420 extending into the frame is provided with a tensioning box 1410, which is located between the tensioning end beam 120 and a tensioning top plate 1440 fixed inside the tensioning end beam 120. The other end of the tensioning rod 1420 extending out of the frame is movably screwed with a tensioning locking component (such as a locking nut) 1430. Within the mold frame 100, between the fixed end beam 130 and the tensioning top plate 1440, multiple fixed housings 200 are arranged regularly in a matrix. A rail support groove forming component 400 is installed within each fixed housing 200. In the industry, it is common practice to have two rows (arranged along the width of the mold frame 100) of five fixed housings 200 between the two side beams 110. Each row of five fixed housings 200, arranged along the length of the mold frame 100, is separated from each other by partition frames 300. Partition frames 300 are also provided between the fixed housings 200 and the fixed end beams 130 and the tensioning top plate 1440. During production, a continuous reinforcing bar 500 is installed within each row of fixed housings 200. Figure 18 (Seen with double-dotted lines in the figure), the reinforcing bars 500 pass through the movable plates (not shown in the figure) at both ends of each fixed shell 200, and both ends of the reinforcing bars 500 extend to connect with the tensioning hanging plates (not shown in the figure) located in the fixed end beam 130 and tensioning box 1410, respectively. Then, the reinforcing bars 500 are tensioned by tensioning equipment. After that, concrete is poured into the fixed shell 200, and after the concrete has solidified, the tensioning is released, that is, the reinforcing bars 500 at the positions of the fixed end beam 130 and tensioning top plate 1440 are cut off, and then the entire mold frame 100 is inverted to complete the demolding, resulting in concrete sleepers. Here, after demolding, the concrete sleepers in each row are connected together by the reinforcing bars 500.

[0003] Actual production experience reveals that while existing sleeper molds can achieve mass production of sleepers, they have the following drawbacks: First, during the tensioning process, the reinforcing bars 500 retract due to prestress. This retraction exerts a pulling force on the concrete sleepers at both ends of the mold, causing them to pull towards the center. Since the fixed housing 200 and the partition frame 300 are fixed within the sleeper mold, the pulled concrete sleepers collide with these components, leading to cracks, chipping, and other problems, resulting in a low yield rate. Second, for concrete sleepers with greater depth and larger cross-sectional shrinkage, existing sleeper molds present challenges in demolding. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a sleeper mold with a fixed middle and movable ends, which has the advantages of improving the yield of concrete sleepers and easy demolding, and is suitable for widespread application.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A railway sleeper mold with a fixed center and movable ends includes a mold frame. The mold frame comprises a rectangular frame consisting of two side beams, a tensioning end beam, and a fixed end beam. A connecting beam connects the bottoms of the two side beams, and a tensioning device is mounted on the tensioning end beam. A fixed shell is fixed in the center of the frame, and multiple movable shells are disposed outside both ends of the fixed shell. The movable shells are fixed inside the outer frame, and the connecting members between the outer frame and the bottoms of the two side beams are movably pinned, so that the movable shells can slide a set distance towards the center of the frame along the length direction of the mold frame via the outer frame. Elastic blocks are installed between the fixed shell and adjacent movable shells, between two adjacent movable shells, between the movable shell and the tensioning device, and between the movable shell and the fixed end beam.

[0007] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0008] This invention, on the one hand, prevents the concrete sleepers at both ends of the sleeper mold from colliding due to the pulling of the reinforcing bars during the tensioning process, thus solving the problem of cracks and chips in the concrete sleepers that lead to a decrease in yield. On the other hand, the sliding design of the movable shell and its outer frame facilitates smooth and rapid demolding while ensuring the quality of the finished product, solving the problem of difficult demolding of concrete sleepers with large depths and significant cross-sectional shrinkage. This invention is low in cost, has a long service life, and is suitable for widespread adoption. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is a top view of the sleeper mold of this utility model.

[0010] Figure 2 This is the front view of the sleeper mold of this utility model.

[0011] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A partial view of the part where the fixed housing is located.

[0012] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the AA-direction cross section.

[0013] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 BB-directed sectional view.

[0014] Figure 6 From Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram viewed from direction C.

[0015] Figure 7 From Figure 5 A partial schematic diagram viewed from below (side beams, movable shell, etc. are not shown).

[0016] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the movable housing and its outer frame.

[0017] Figure 9 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the DD-direction cross-section.

[0018] Figure 10 yes Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the GG cross-section.

[0019] Figure 11 It is a structural diagram of the fixed shell, the movable shell, and the inner bearing groove formed part.

[0020] Figure 12 This is a 3D view of the rail bearing groove molded part.

[0021] Figure 13 From Figure 1 A partial structural diagram of part A as seen from direction F.

[0022] Figure 14 From Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of part B when viewed from direction F.

[0023] Figure 15 From Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of part C when viewed from direction F.

[0024] Figure 16 It is the dynasty Figure 13 The diagram shows the installation of the upper support plate as seen from the end face of the movable housing.

[0025] Figure 17 This is a structural diagram of the through-plate.

[0026] Figure 18 This is a structural schematic diagram of an existing sleeper mold. Detailed Implementation

[0027] like Figures 1 to 17 As shown, the sleeper mold of this utility model, with a fixed middle section and movable ends, includes a mold frame 10. The mold frame 10 comprises a rectangular frame consisting of two side beams 11, a tensioning end beam 12, and a fixed end beam 13. A connecting beam 15 connects the bottom of the two side beams 11, and a tensioning device is installed on the tensioning end beam 12. A fixed shell 20 is fixed in the middle of the frame, and multiple movable shells 30 are arranged at both ends of the fixed shell 20. The movable shells 30 are fixed inside an outer frame 60, and the connecting members connecting the bottom of the outer frame 60 and the two side beams 11 are movably pinned, so that the movable shells 30 can slide a set distance along the length direction of the mold frame 10 towards the middle of the frame, i.e., the fixed shell 20, via the outer frame 60. Elastic blocks 40 are installed between the fixed shell 20 and its adjacent movable shells 30, between two adjacent movable shells 30, between the movable shell 30 and the tensioning device, and between the movable shell 30 and the fixed end beam 13.

[0028] In this utility model, the tensioning device includes a tensioning rod 142 installed through the tensioning end beam 12. One end of the tensioning rod 142 extending into the frame is provided with a tensioning box 141. The tensioning box 141 is located between the tensioning end beam 12 and the tensioning top plate 144 fixed to the inner side of the tensioning end beam 12. The other end of the tensioning rod 142 extending out of the frame is movably screwed with a tensioning locking component (such as a locking nut) 143. An elastic block 40 is provided between the tensioning top plate 144 and the movable shell 30.

[0029] In this utility model, the side beams 11, tensioning end beams 12, fixed end beams 13, and connecting beams 15 of the mold frame 10 can be made of C-shaped steel, without limitation. For example... Figure 2 The top surface of the side beam 11 of the mold frame 10 is provided with a plurality of pads 16 at intervals. The pads 16 are used to provide a drop space for demolding after the sleeper mold of this utility model is placed upside down on the ground. In addition, the outer side of the mold frame 10 is provided with a hook part 17 for the flipping machine to lock in place, so that the flipping machine can flip and invert the sleeper mold of this utility model.

[0030] like Figure 1The fixed shell 20 and movable shell 30 are arranged regularly in a matrix, wherein: one fixed shell 20 and multiple movable shells 30 arranged along the length of the mold frame 10 form a row; the fixed shells 20 arranged along the width of the mold frame 10 form a column and a group; and the movable shells 30 arranged along the width of the mold frame 10 form a column and a group; steel bars are continuously installed along the length of each fixed shell 20 and each movable shell 30 in a row (see reference). Figure 18 (The double-dotted line indicates the reinforcing bar 500). The reinforcing bar passes through the through plates 90 that are movably set at both ends of the fixed shell 20 and the movable shell 30, and the two ends of the reinforcing bar extend to connect with the tensioning hanging plates (not shown in the figure) located in the fixed end beam 13 and the tensioning box 141, respectively.

[0031] In this utility model, the installation of the tensioning device on one side of the tensioning end beam 12, the structure of the tensioning device and the tensioning end beam 12 and the fixed end beam 13, and the installation of the reinforcing bars in the tensioning box 141 and the fixed end beam 13 via the tensioning hanging plate are well known technologies in the art.

[0032] like Figure 1 In this utility model, the length direction of the mold frame 10 is defined as a row, and the width direction of the mold frame 10 is defined as a column. Figure 1 The diagram shows a two-row, five-column arrangement. Each row consists of a fixed housing 20 located in the middle of the frame and two movable housings 30 at each end. The two fixed housings 20 in each row form a group, and the two movable housings 30 in the same column of each row form another group. For each row, elastic blocks 40 are installed between the fixed housing 20 and the movable housing 30, between two adjacent movable housings 30, and between the movable housing 30 and the tensioning top plate 144 and the fixed end beam 13.

[0033] In addition, this utility model typically includes a set of fixed housings 20 in the middle of the frame; however, it is also possible to include more than one set of fixed housings 20, without limitation. In actual design, the number of rows and columns can be designed according to actual needs; in this industry, two rows and five columns are commonly used, but there are no restrictions.

[0034] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 A set of fixed shells 20 are connected to two side beams 11 as a whole via multiple spaced fixed shell cross-section stiffeners 21, as shown in the figure. Figure 4 The fixed shell cross-section stiffener 21 is inverted M-shaped. Two fixed shells 20 in a group are fixed together. The fixed shells 20 are not provided at both ends. The fixed shells 20 have upper support plates 71 welded to their end faces to support the through plate 90. (See reference) Figure 16To understand this, the through plate 90 is provided with through holes 901 for the steel bars to pass through. The through plate 90 is used to seal the port of the fixed shell 20 to prevent grout leakage. The connecting beam 15 is located below the fixed shell 20, and multiple connecting beams 15 are arranged at intervals.

[0035] like Figures 5 to 10 The U-shaped outer frame 60 includes a continuous side plate 62. The bottoms of the two side plates 62 are welded together by a plurality of spaced-apart bottom plates 61. The tops of the side plates 62 are welded to the shell side plates of the movable shell 30 by connecting plates 64. The bottom plate 61 located in the middle below the movable shell 30 is welded to the shell bottom plate of the movable shell 30 by a connecting plate 63 (e.g., Figure 10 The movable shell 30 is connected to the outer frame 60 via a plurality of spaced movable shell cross-section stiffeners 31, such as... Figure 9 The movable shell cross-section stiffeners 31 are U-shaped, and the two movable shells 30 in a group are independent; the movable shell cross-section stiffeners 31 are provided at both ends of the movable shell 30, but no bottom plate 61 is provided. Figure 8 The diagram illustrates a design where the outer frame 60 has three base plates 61; a positioning plate 65 is welded onto each base plate 61, extending downwards from the base plate 61, and is used for movable pin engagement with connecting components; a support plate 90 (e.g., ...) is welded to the end face of the movable housing 30. Figure 17 The upper support plate 71, such as Figure 16 As shown, the through plate 90 is provided with through holes 901 for the steel bars to pass through. The through plate 90 is used to seal the port of the movable shell 30 to prevent grout leakage.

[0036] In actual design, the side plate 62 should be set at an angle so that the outer frame 60 is an inverted trapezoidal shape with a larger top and a smaller bottom. This makes it easier for concrete to fall from the gaps on both sides of the outer frame 60 when pouring concrete, thus avoiding the accumulation of dust.

[0037] like Figures 5 to 7The connecting component includes a non-continuous side beam connecting plate 51 connected between the bottoms of two side beams 11. Two parallel strip plates 52 are welded to the bottom of the side beam connecting plate 51. The strip plates 52 are arranged along the width direction of the mold frame 10. A clamping plate assembly is provided between the two strip plates 52. The clamping plate assembly corresponds to a positioning plate 65 located below the outer frame 60 of the movable housing 30. The clamping plate assembly includes two parallel clamping plates 53, which are welded together with the two strip plates 52 and the side beam connecting plate 51. The clamping plates 53 are arranged along the width direction of the mold frame 10. The length direction is set, and the clamping plate 53 has a sliding elongated hole 54. The length direction of the sliding elongated hole 54 is consistent with the length direction of the mold frame 10. The side beam connecting plate 51 has a hole (not shown in the figure) at the position opposite to the gap between the two clamping plates 53. The positioning plate 65 passes through the hole of the side beam connecting plate 51 and extends into the gap between the two clamping plates 53. It is then connected by a positioning pin 55. The positioning pin 55 is set to pass through the sliding elongated hole 54 of the two clamping plates 53 and the round hole (not shown in the figure) on the positioning plate 65. Figure 6 The illustration shows a case where two sliding elongated holes 54 are provided on the clamping plate 53. A round hole is provided on the positioning plate 65 corresponding to each sliding elongated hole 54. Correspondingly, the positioning plate 65 is pinned by two positioning pins 55.

[0038] In practical implementation, in order for the movable housings 30 at both ends of the mold frame 10 to slide towards the center of the frame along the length direction of the mold frame 10 via the outer frame 60, the initial position of the positioning pins 55 below each movable housing 30 within the sliding elongated hole 54 should be limited. In this utility model, with Figure 1 For example, the locating pin 55 located below the movable housing 30 at the left end of the mold frame 10 should be on the left side within the sliding elongated hole 54 (e.g., Figure 6 Similarly, the positioning pin 55 located below the movable shell 30 at the right end of the mold frame 10 should be on the right side within the sliding elongated hole 54. Thus, during the tensioning operation, when the rebar retraction causes a pulling force on the concrete sleeper inside the movable shell 30 towards the center of the frame, the movable shell 30 at the end of the mold frame 10, with the help of the positioning plate 65 of its outer frame 60, can slide towards the center of the frame through the movement of the positioning pin 55 within the sliding elongated hole 54. This sliding occurs simultaneously with the pulling force on the concrete sleeper inside the movable shell 30; that is, this sliding is consistent with the pulling force on the concrete sleeper inside the movable shell 30, thereby avoiding problems such as cracks and shoulder damage caused by impacts to the concrete sleeper, ensuring the quality of the finished product. Here, the length of the sliding elongated hole 54 limits the maximum sliding distance that the movable shell 30 and its outer frame 60 can slide. The actual sliding distance of the movable shell 30 due to the pulling force of the rebar should not exceed the maximum distance. On the other hand, this sliding design can loosen the concrete sleepers, thus facilitating demolding and solving the problem of difficult demolding of concrete sleepers with large depth and large cross-sectional shrinkage.

[0039] In this utility model, the fixed shell 20 and the movable shell 30 have the same structure, with a cross-section that is roughly U-shaped. They typically include shell side plates, and a shell bottom plate is welded between the shell side plates on both sides. The corresponding shell bottom plate has an opening for installing a pre-embedded iron base.

[0040] The structures of the fixed shell 20 and the movable shell 30 are existing structures in the art. Typically, each side is composed of multiple shell side plates, and the shape and inclination of each shell side plate can be different, such as... Figure 9 and Figure 10 Typically, the shell side plates at both ends of the movable shell 20 are two shell side plates with different inclinations, while the shell side plate in the middle is a single inclined shell side plate. Furthermore, the shape and slope of the shell bottom plates connecting the shell side plates on both sides can also be different, and all the shell bottom plates are welded together as one unit and welded together with the shell side plates on both sides as one unit.

[0041] like Figure 11 Typically, the fixed housing 20 and the movable housing 30 are concave upwards in the middle and concave inwards on both sides. Furthermore, each end of the bottom of the fixed housing 20 and the movable housing 30 has two openings spaced apart, forming a pair. Each pair of openings is used to determine the small gauge of the finished sleeper, and the two pairs of openings are used to determine the large gauge of the finished sleeper. Large gauge and small gauge are well-known terms in this industry. In this industry, large gauge refers to the distance between two rails on a railway, and small gauge refers to the width of the rail bearing groove of a single rail.

[0042] like Figure 14 For adjacent fixed housing 20 and movable housing 30, a positioning nut 73 is fixed on the bottom surface of the end of the fixed housing 20. A second lower support plate 72' is fixed to the bottom surface of the fixed housing 20 by a positioning bolt 74 screwed to the positioning nut 73, so that the elastic block 40 located between the fixed housing 20 and the movable housing 30 is clamped vertically between the second lower support plate 72' and the upper support plate 71 on the end face of the fixed housing 20 and the movable housing 30, and horizontally between the movable housing cross-section rib plate 31 and the second lower support plate 72' on the end face of the movable housing 30. The second lower support plate 72' is located below the upper support plate 71. In order to improve the clamping stability, the second lower support plate 72' is preferably designed to be in a lying-down h-shape, such as Figure 14 As shown, it is, of course, not limited.

[0043] like Figure 13For two adjacent movable housings 30, a positioning nut 73 is fixed to the bottom surface of the end of the movable housing 30. A first lower support plate 72 is fixed to the bottom surface of the outer frame 60 by a positioning bolt 74 screwed to the positioning nut 73 through the bottom plate 61 (the bottom plate 61 has holes) passing through the outer frame 60. This clamps the elastic block 40 between the two adjacent movable housings 30 vertically between the first lower support plate 72 and the upper support plate 71 at the end faces of the two movable housings 30, and horizontally between the movable housing cross-section ribs 31 at the end faces of the two movable housings 30. The hole on the first lower support plate 72 through which the positioning bolt 74 passes is an elongated hole extending along the length of the mold frame 10 (not shown in the figure). The first lower support plate 72 is located below the upper support plate 71. The first lower support plate 72 can be designed as a flat plate, such as... Figure 13 As shown, it is, of course, not limited.

[0044] For the movable housing 30 and the mold frame end piece, a positioning nut 73 is fixed on the bottom surface of the end of the movable housing 30. A third lower support plate 72” is fixed to the bottom surface of the outer frame 60 by a positioning bolt 74 that passes through the bottom plate 61 of the outer frame 60 (the bottom plate 61 has holes) and is screwed to the positioning nut 73. This clamps the elastic block 40 between the movable housing 30 and the mold frame end piece between the third lower support plate 72” and the upper support plate 71 on the end face of the movable housing 30 in the vertical direction, and between the movable housing cross-section stiffening plate 31 and the mold frame end piece in the horizontal direction. The third lower support plate 72” is located below the upper support plate 71. The third lower support plate 72” can be designed as a flat plate, and is not limited to this design. The mold frame end piece is the tensioning top plate 144 of the tensioning equipment or the inner end face of the fixed end beam 13. Figure 15 The illustration shows the case where the elastic block 40 is installed between the movable shell 30 and the tensioned top plate 144. For the case where the elastic block 40 is installed between the movable shell 30 and the inner end face of the fixed end beam 13, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 15 To understand.

[0045] In actual implementation, such as Figure 1 Multiple elastic blocks 40 may be designed at intervals between the movable shell 30 and the tensioning top plate 144 of the tensioning device, between the movable shell 30 and the fixed end beam 13, between the fixed shell 20 and the adjacent movable shell 30, and between two adjacent movable shells 30.

[0046] In this utility model, the elastic block 40 should preferably be designed as a rubber block made of rubber material, which can deform under the action of external force and return to its original shape after the external force is removed. It should meet certain requirements for elasticity, hardness and toughness (durability).

[0047] The elastic block 40 mainly serves to cushion and absorb shocks. Specifically:

[0048] During the tensioning operation, the retraction of the reinforcing bars exerts a pulling force on the concrete sleeper inside the movable shell 30 towards the center of the frame. At this time, the movable shell 30 at the end of the mold frame 10 slides towards the center of the frame through the movable pin connection between the positioning plate 65 of its outer frame 60 and the connecting component. During this sliding process, the elastic blocks 40 set between the fixed shell 20 and its adjacent movable shell 30, and between two adjacent movable shells 30, play a buffering and shock-absorbing role, avoiding collisions between the fixed shell 20 and its adjacent movable shell 30, and between two adjacent movable shells 30, thus ensuring the quality of the finished concrete sleeper.

[0049] During tensioning operations, the elastic blocks 40 provided between the movable shell 30 and the tensioning top plate 144 of the tensioning equipment, and between the movable shell 30 and the inner end face of the fixed end beam 13, prevent collisions between the movable shell 30 and the tensioning equipment, and between the movable shell 30 and the fixed end beam 13. Similarly, the elastic blocks 40 provided between the fixed shell 20 and its adjacent movable shell 30, and between two adjacent movable shells 30, prevent collisions between the fixed shell 20 and its adjacent movable shell 30, and between two adjacent movable shells 30, thus extending the service life of the sleeper mold of this utility model. In addition, the elastic blocks 40 provided between the movable shell 30 and the tensioning top plate 144 of the tensioning equipment, and between the movable shell 30 and the fixed end beam 13, provide space for cutting the reinforcing bars during tensioning.

[0050] like Figure 11 The fixed housing 20 and the movable housing 30 are equipped with rail support groove forming parts 80, wherein: the rail support groove forming parts 80 include forming groove body 81, the forming groove body 81 is provided with positioning holes 83 for installing pre-embedded iron bases, and extension plates 82 are provided on both sides of the forming groove body 81.

[0051] In this utility model, the structure of the forming groove 81 is a well-known structure. The forming groove 81 is used to form a rail bearing groove on the concrete sleeper. The design of the extension plate 82 makes it easier to quickly and accurately process the slope of its two ends when making the forming groove 81, and to increase the contact area with the bottom plate of the fixed shell 20 and the movable shell 30, thereby improving stability.

[0052] This utility model defines the length, width, and height directions, such as Figure 1 As shown, the length, width, and height directions of the sleeper mold of this utility model are the same as the length, width, and height directions of the mold frame 10, and are consistent with the length, width, and height directions of the fixed shell 20 and the movable shell 30. The height direction of the fixed shell 20 and the movable shell 30 is the depth direction of the produced concrete sleeper. Figure 8 , Figure 11The movable shell 30 shown in the figure is a shell structure with a large depth and large cross-sectional shrinkage, which is usually used to produce concrete sleepers with a large depth and large cross-sectional shrinkage.

[0053] During production, continuous reinforcing bars are installed within each row of fixed shells 20 and movable shells 30 (reference). Figure 18 To understand this, the reinforcing bars pass through the through plates 90 that are movably installed at both ends of the fixed shell 20 and the movable shell 30, and the two ends of the reinforcing bars extend and connect to the tensioning plates located in the fixed end beam 13 and the tensioning box 141, respectively. The through plates 90 seal both ends of the fixed shell 20 and the movable shell 30. Then, the reinforcing bars are tensioned by the tensioning equipment. Then, concrete is poured into the fixed shell 20 and the movable shell 30. After the concrete has been allowed to stand, gradually heated to the calibrated value and kept at a constant temperature for a certain period of time, and then cooled to reach the strength required for exiting the pool, the tensioning operation is carried out, that is, the reinforcing bars at the positions of the fixed end beam 13 and the tensioning top plate 144 (where the elastic block 40 is located) are cut. When the reinforcing bars are cut due to prestress, they retract, which generates a pulling force on the concrete sleepers in each movable shell 30 toward the center of the frame. Therefore, under the pulling force, the movable shell 30 slides toward the center of the frame on the connecting members with the help of its outer frame 60 (the positioning pin 55 slides in the sliding elongated hole 54). During the sliding process, the elastic block 40 effectively prevents the concrete sleeper from colliding with the structure of the sleeper mold, ensuring the quality of the finished product. Then, the entire sleeper mold is flipped and inverted, allowing the concrete sleeper to be easily demolded (the aforementioned sliding facilitates demolding). After demolding, the reinforcing bars connecting each row of concrete sleepers are cut. Here, the fixed shell 20 in the middle of the frame is subjected to very little pulling force from the reinforcing bars, so it does not need to be designed as a sliding structure.

[0054] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0055] This invention, on the one hand, prevents the concrete sleepers at both ends of the sleeper mold from colliding due to the pulling of the reinforcing bars during the tensioning process, thus solving the problem of cracks and chips in the concrete sleepers that lead to a decrease in yield. On the other hand, the sliding design of the movable shell and its outer frame facilitates smooth and rapid demolding while ensuring the quality of the finished product, solving the problem of difficult demolding of concrete sleepers with large depths and significant cross-sectional shrinkage. This invention is low in cost, has a long service life, and is suitable for widespread adoption.

[0056] The above describes the preferred embodiment of this utility model and the technical principles used therein. For those skilled in the art, any obvious changes such as equivalent transformations or simple substitutions based on the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of this utility model shall fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A sleeper mold with a fixed middle and movable ends, characterized in that, The device includes a mold frame; the mold frame comprises a rectangular frame consisting of two side beams, a tensioning end beam, and a fixed end beam, with a connecting beam connecting the bottoms of the two side beams, and a tensioning device mounted on the tensioning end beam; a fixed housing is fixed in the middle of the frame, and multiple movable housings are provided at both ends of the fixed housing; the movable housings are fixed inside the outer frame, and the connecting members connecting the bottoms of the two side beams to the outer frame are movably pinned, so that the movable housings can slide a set distance towards the middle of the frame along the length direction of the mold frame via the outer frame; elastic blocks are installed between the fixed housing and the adjacent movable housings, between two adjacent movable housings, between the movable housings and the tensioning device, and between the movable housings and the fixed end beams.

2. The sleeper mold with a fixed middle section and movable ends as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tensioning device includes a tensioning rod installed through the tensioning end beam. One end of the tensioning rod extending into the frame is provided with a tensioning box. The tensioning box is located between the tensioning end beam and the tensioning top plate fixed to the inner side of the tensioning end beam. The other end of the tensioning rod extending out of the frame is movably screwed with a tensioning locking member. The elastic block is provided between the tensioning top plate and the movable shell.

3. The sleeper mold with a fixed middle section and movable ends as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The fixed shell and the movable shell are arranged in a regular matrix, wherein: one fixed shell and multiple movable shells arranged along the length of the mold frame form a row, and the fixed shells arranged along the width of the mold frame form a column and a group, and the movable shells form a column and a group; the fixed shells and movable shells in the row are provided with steel bars along their length, the steel bars pass through the through plates that are movably provided at both ends of the fixed shells and movable shells, and the two ends of the steel bars extend to connect with the tensioning hanging plates located in the fixed end beam and the tensioning box, respectively.

4. The sleeper mold with a fixed middle section and movable ends as described in claim 3, characterized in that, A set of fixed shells is connected to two side beams by a plurality of fixed shell cross-section stiffeners spaced apart. The fixed shells are not provided at both ends. The fixed shells are provided with upper support plates for supporting through plates welded to their end faces. The connecting beams are located below the fixed shells and the plurality of connecting beams are spaced apart.

5. The sleeper mold with a fixed middle section and movable ends as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The U-shaped outer frame includes side plates. The bottoms of two side plates are welded together by multiple spaced-apart base plates. The tops of the side plates are welded together to the shell side plates of the movable housing. The base plate located in the middle below the movable housing is welded together to the shell bottom plate of the movable housing by a connecting plate. The movable housing is connected to the outer frame via multiple spaced-apart movable shell cross-sectional stiffeners. Movable shell cross-sectional stiffeners are provided at both ends of the movable housing, but no base plates are provided. A positioning plate is welded onto the base plate, extending downwards from the base plate, and the positioning plate is used for movable pin engagement with the connecting member. An upper support plate for supporting the through plate is welded onto the end face of the movable housing.

6. The sleeper mold with a fixed middle section and movable ends as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The connecting component includes a side beam connecting plate connected between the bottoms of the two side beams. Two parallel strip plates are welded to the bottom of the side beam connecting plate. The strip plates are arranged along the width direction of the mold frame. A clamping plate assembly is provided between the two strip plates. The clamping plate assembly corresponds to the positioning plate provided below the movable housing. The clamping plate assembly includes two parallel clamping plates. The two clamping plates are welded together with the two strip plates and the side beam connecting plate. The clamping plates are arranged along the length direction of the mold frame. The clamping plates have sliding elongated holes. The length direction of the sliding elongated holes is consistent with the length direction of the mold frame. The positioning plate passes through the side beam connecting plate and extends into the gap between the two clamping plates. It is then connected by a positioning pin. The positioning pin passes through the sliding elongated holes of the two clamping plates and the round hole on the positioning plate.

7. The sleeper mold with a fixed middle section and movable ends as described in claim 5, characterized in that, For adjacent fixed housings and movable housings, a positioning nut is fixed on the bottom surface of the end of the fixed housing, and a second lower support plate is fixed to the bottom surface of the fixed housing by a positioning bolt screwed to the positioning nut, so that the elastic block located between the fixed housing and the movable housing is sandwiched between the second lower support plate and the upper support plate on the end face of the fixed housing and the movable housing in the vertical direction, and between the movable housing cross-section rib plate and the second lower support plate on the end face of the movable housing in the horizontal direction.

8. The sleeper mold with a fixed middle section and movable ends as described in claim 5, characterized in that, For two adjacent movable housings, a positioning nut is fixed on the bottom surface of the end of the movable housing. A first lower support plate is fixed to the bottom surface of the outer frame by a positioning bolt that is screwed to the positioning nut through the bottom plate of the outer frame. This is to clamp the elastic block between the two adjacent movable housings in the vertical direction between the first lower support plate and the upper support plate of the two movable housing end faces, and in the horizontal direction between the movable housing cross-section ribs of the two movable housing end faces. The hole on the first lower support plate for the positioning bolt to pass through is an elongated hole extending along the length direction of the mold frame.

9. The sleeper mold with a fixed middle section and movable ends as described in claim 5, characterized in that, For the movable housing and the mold frame end piece, a positioning nut is fixed on the bottom surface of the end of the movable housing. A third lower support plate is fixed to the bottom surface of the outer frame by a positioning bolt that passes through the bottom plate of the outer frame and is screwed to the positioning nut. This is to clamp the elastic block between the movable housing and the mold frame end piece in the vertical direction between the third lower support plate and the upper support plate of the end face of the movable housing, and in the horizontal direction between the movable housing cross-section stiffening plate and the mold frame end piece. The mold frame end piece is the tensioning top plate or the fixed end beam of the tensioning device.

10. The sleeper mold with a fixed middle section and movable ends as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed housing and the movable housing are equipped with rail support groove forming components, wherein: the rail support groove forming component includes a forming groove body, the forming groove body is provided with positioning holes for installing pre-embedded iron bases, and extension plates are provided on both sides of the forming groove body.

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