External anchor cylinder inner pull rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism and hydraulic hoist

Abstract

This utility model provides an internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism and a hydraulic lifter for an external anchor cylinder. The hydraulic lifter includes a main hydraulic cylinder, a traction body, and an internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism for the external anchor cylinder. The anchor opening and closing mechanism is used to connect with the main hydraulic cylinder and to clamp or release the traction body. The anchor opening and closing mechanism includes an anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly, an anchor clamping device, a top anchor assembly, and a tie rod assembly. The anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly is fixed to the anchor clamping device. The tie rod assembly includes an anchor plate and an inner tie rod. The anchor plate is located above the anchor clamping device, and the top anchor assembly is located below the anchor clamping device. The anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly is connected to the anchor plate, one end of the inner tie rod is connected to the anchor plate, and the other end of the inner tie rod passes through the anchor clamping device and connects to the top anchor assembly. This mechanism eliminates the need for a costly anchor ring base, resulting in a simple and compact structure for the anchor opening and closing mechanism, with strong practicality and economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of special equipment hoisting technology, and in particular to an internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism and a hydraulic lifter with an external anchor cylinder suitable for large-tonnage hydraulic lifters. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of hydraulic lifting and hoisting, hydraulic lifters using steel strands as rigging are often required for the installation of high-altitude steel structures or equipment. A hydraulic lifter is a special type of lifting equipment that uses steel strands as rigging and raises or lowers heavy objects to a designated position through the opening and closing of upper and lower anchors and the extension and retraction of the main hydraulic cylinder. The anchor opening and closing mechanism is crucial to the reliable locking and clamping of the steel strands or the release of the steel strands by opening the anchors. It is particularly important for the efficiency of load transfer between the upper and lower anchors and the safety and reliability during load lifting.

[0003] The anchor opening and closing method can be divided into two types according to the position of the anchor hydraulic cylinder (hereinafter referred to as anchor cylinder) on the anchor ring: external and internal. The internal anchor cylinder is generally a single one, installed in the center of the anchor ring, and surrounded by multiple layers of vertical steel strands. The internal anchor cylinder makes the anchor opening and closing mechanism compact and has a lower manufacturing cost. However, once the anchor cylinder has a fault such as oil leakage, it cannot be repaired on the spot, which poses a great threat to construction safety.

[0004] External anchor cylinders are typically multiple, symmetrically and evenly arranged around the anchor ring. The cylinders are usually mounted on the anchor ring base, which is connected to the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder. The anchor ring base has a central opening and axially spaced grooves on top. A sleeve top plate and a push rod sleeve are installed within the central opening and grooves. The piston rod of the anchor cylinder drives the sleeve top plate and the connected push rod sleeve to move up and down, thus opening and closing the anchor. The advantage of this design is that the anchor cylinder is independently located outside the anchor ring, making on-site removal and replacement very simple even if oil leaks or other malfunctions occur during lifting. However, because the anchor ring and anchor cylinder must be installed on the anchor ring base, it must bear the load on the anchor ring, meet the arrangement requirements of the anchor ring and anchor cylinder, and allow sufficient distance for the top anchor plate to move during opening and closing. Therefore, the diameter of the anchor ring base must be much larger than that of the anchor ring, and it also requires a greater thickness. This makes the manufacturing process of the anchor base plate complex, requires a large machining allowance, and increases the cost, significantly increasing the manufacturing cost of the hydraulic lifter. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism and hydraulic lifter for an external anchor cylinder. This mechanism can not only realize the placement of the anchor hydraulic cylinder on the outside of the anchor ring, which is convenient for on-site maintenance and replacement of the anchor hydraulic cylinder, but also eliminate the anchor ring base with high manufacturing cost, making the anchor opening and closing mechanism simple and compact in structure, with strong practicality and economy.

[0006] To achieve at least one of the above objectives, this utility model provides an internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism with an external anchor cylinder, including an anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly, an anchor clamping device, a top anchor assembly and a tie rod assembly, wherein the anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly is fixed on the anchor clamping device;

[0007] The tie rod assembly includes a tie plate and an inner tie rod. The tie plate is located above the anchor clamping device, and the top anchor assembly is located below the anchor clamping device. The anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly is connected to the tie plate. One end of the inner tie rod is connected to the tie plate, and the other end of the inner tie rod passes through the anchor clamping device and is connected to the top anchor assembly.

[0008] Optionally, the anchor clamping device includes an anchor ring and an anchor plate, the anchor plate being used to clamp the traction body; the anchor ring has a plurality of first through holes extending along its own axial direction, and each anchor plate is movably disposed in a corresponding first through hole; the number of inner tie rods is at least one, and the extension direction of the inner tie rods is parallel to the axial direction of the anchor ring.

[0009] Optionally, the edge of the anchor plate is provided with a plurality of grooves extending along its own axial direction, and the plurality of grooves are spaced apart along the circumference of the anchor plate; the anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly includes an anchor hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod of the anchor hydraulic cylinder passing through a corresponding groove via an anchor plate connecting bolt and connected to the anchor plate.

[0010] Optionally, the anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly further includes an adjusting sleeve, a first step is provided on the piston rod, the adjusting sleeve is sleeved on the piston rod and placed on the first step, and the adjusting sleeve is fixed and limited below the groove.

[0011] Optionally, the anchor plate is provided with a plurality of second through holes, the positions of which correspond to the positions of the first through holes, and the second through holes are used for the traction body to pass through.

[0012] Optionally, the anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly further includes an anchor cylinder base, which is fixed to the anchor ring and used to fix and support the anchor hydraulic cylinder.

[0013] Optionally, the anchor cylinder base includes an arc portion, a support portion, and a protruding portion. The arc portion is used to fix the outer surface of the anchor ring, the support portion is fixed to the side of the arc portion away from the side used to fit the anchor ring, and the protruding portion is fixed to one end of the arc portion and is used to abut against the upper surface of the anchor ring.

[0014] Optionally, the top anchor assembly includes a top anchor plate and a top anchor sleeve. The top anchor plate is connected to the inner tie rod, and the top anchor sleeve is fixed above the top anchor plate and extends into the first through hole. The top anchor sleeve is used to drive the anchor plate to move upward under the action of the top anchor plate.

[0015] Optionally, the tie rod assembly further includes two flanges, and both ends of the inner tie rod are provided with a second step, with the two flanges respectively placed on a corresponding second step;

[0016] The anchor plate is provided with a central through hole, the top anchor plate is provided with a central through hole, the two ends of the inner tie rod are respectively inserted into the central through hole of the top anchor plate and the central through hole of the anchor plate, and the two flanges are respectively fixed to the top anchor plate and the anchor plate.

[0017] Optionally, the anchor clamping device further includes an anchor plate and an anchor spring, one end of the anchor spring abutting against the anchor plate and the other end of the anchor spring abutting against the anchor piece; the anchor plate and the anchor spring are both located between the anchor ring and the anchor plate.

[0018] To achieve at least one of the above objectives, this utility model also provides a hydraulic lifter, including a main hydraulic cylinder, a traction body, and an internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism of any one of the external anchor cylinders, wherein the anchor opening and closing mechanism is used to connect with the main hydraulic cylinder and to clamp or release the traction body.

[0019] In summary, the external anchor cylinder with internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism and hydraulic lifter provided by this utility model allows the anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly to transmit power through the tie rod assembly, raising or lowering the top anchor assembly, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the anchor clamping device. This allows the anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly to be positioned outside the anchor ring, facilitating on-site maintenance and replacement. Furthermore, the use of a pull-then-lift method for opening and closing the anchor clamping device eliminates the need for a costly anchor ring base, allowing the anchor ring to sit directly on the main cylinder piston rod, reducing the overall height of the hydraulic lifter. This results in a simple and compact anchor opening and closing mechanism with strong practicality and economy, and a certain degree of advancement, filling the technological gap in domestic external anchor cylinder internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanisms for hydraulic lifters. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anchor opening and closing mechanism in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the anchor opening and closing mechanism in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the utility model along line AA;

[0023] Figure 4a This is a top view of the anchor ring in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4b This is a side view of the anchor ring in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4c This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anchor ring in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5a This is a front view of the top anchor assembly and tie rod assembly in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5b for Figure 5a A schematic diagram of the axial cross-sectional structure of the utility model along the line BB;

[0028] Figure 6a This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anchor plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6b This is a side view of the anchor plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6c This is a top view of the anchor plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7a This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the inner tie rod in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7b This is a top view of the inner tie rod in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7c This is a front view schematic diagram of the inner tie rod in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8a This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the anchor cylinder base in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8b This is a rear view structural diagram of the anchor cylinder base in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8c This is a side view of the anchor cylinder base in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 8dThis is a top view of the anchor cylinder base in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 9a This is a front view of the top anchor assembly in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 9b This is a front view structural diagram of the top anchor plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9c This is a top view of the top anchor plate in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 10a This is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of the anchor clamping device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 10b This is a front view of the anchor clamping device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0044] Anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly 1; anchor hydraulic cylinder 11; piston rod 12; anchor plate connecting bolt 121; adjusting sleeve 13; anchor cylinder base 14; arc part 141; support part 142; protrusion part 143; second mounting hole 144; anchor clamping device 2; anchor ring 21; first through hole 211; conical section 2111; cylindrical section 2112; first receiving hole 212; first bolt hole 213; second bolt hole 214; anchor plate 22; anchor pressure plate 23; anchor pressure spring 24; fixing bolt 25; positioning sleeve 26; top anchor assembly 3; top anchor plate 31; top anchor plate connecting bolt 311; top anchor sleeve 32; sleeve pressure plate 33; tie rod assembly 4; anchor plate 41; groove 411; second through hole 412; inner tie rod 42; inner tie rod first fixing bolt 421; inner tie rod second fixing bolt 422; flange 43. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0046] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0047] The terms “center,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” “length,” “width,” “thickness,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” “counterclockwise,” “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the mechanism or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0048] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "fixation," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or a connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, or more.

[0049] In existing technology, when a hydraulic lifter operates, the upper anchorage opening and closing mechanism first closes to clamp the steel strand connected to the load. Then, the main hydraulic cylinder extends, lifting the load, while the lower anchorage opening and closing mechanism opens. Once the main hydraulic cylinder has reached its stroke limit, the lower anchorage opening and closing mechanism closes to clamp the steel strand. Then, the main hydraulic cylinder retracts, transferring the load to the lower anchorage opening and closing mechanism, and the upper anchorage opening and closing mechanism opens, allowing the main hydraulic cylinder to retract without load. When the main hydraulic cylinder returns to its stroke limit, the upper anchorage opening and closing mechanism closes, the main hydraulic cylinder extends, and the load is transferred back to the upper anchorage opening and closing mechanism. This process repeats to continue the next lifting cycle.

[0050] Therefore, during load lifting or lowering, the load transfer of the anchor opening and closing mechanism (i.e., the upper and lower anchor opening and closing mechanisms) is an essential key component. The anchor opening and closing mechanism must not only be structurally sound and effective in use, but also capable of rapid and timely troubleshooting in case of emergency failures (such as oil leakage from the anchor cylinder). This is particularly important. Therefore, using an external anchor hydraulic cylinder in the hydraulic lifter is more suitable, as it allows for quick replacement in case of malfunction. However, using an external anchor hydraulic cylinder generally requires installing an anchor ring base at the bottom of the anchor ring with a diameter larger than the anchor ring diameter (at least the sum of the anchor ring diameter and twice the diameter of the anchor hydraulic cylinder). Furthermore, the thickness of the anchor ring base must meet the load-bearing requirements and the stroke requirements of the anchor hydraulic cylinder. Therefore, the anchor ring base needs a large diameter, high thickness, and significant machining, increasing the height of the hydraulic lifter and manufacturing costs. Thus, the design of the anchor opening and closing mechanism must not only meet the opening and closing functional requirements but also comprehensively consider reliability, ease of maintenance, compact structure, and low cost.

[0051] This utility model provides an internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism with an external anchor cylinder. The external anchor cylinder facilitates on-site maintenance and replacement, and realizes the anchor opening and closing function of the hydraulic lifter. The internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism can eliminate the traditional large-size anchor ring base. By setting an internal tie rod in the middle of the anchor ring and setting a small-size top anchor assembly at the bottom of the anchor ring, the opening and closing of the anchor clamping device is realized. This effectively reduces the height of the anchor opening and closing mechanism, making the structure of the anchor opening and closing mechanism more compact and simpler. The anchor ring sits directly on the piston rod of the main cylinder, reducing the overall height of the hydraulic lifter and significantly saving equipment production costs.

[0052] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can complement or combine with each other.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides an internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism with an external anchor cylinder, used to clamp or release the traction body.

[0054] This utility model also provides a hydraulic lifter, including a main hydraulic cylinder, a traction body, and an internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism with an external anchor cylinder. The anchor opening and closing mechanism is used to connect with the main hydraulic cylinder and to clamp or release the traction body. Specifically, the anchor opening and closing mechanism can be located above and below the main hydraulic cylinder, and the two anchor opening and closing mechanisms cooperate with the main hydraulic cylinder to lift heavy objects.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the anchor opening and closing mechanism includes an anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly 1, an anchor clamping device 2, a top anchor assembly 3, and a tie rod assembly 4. The anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly 1 is fixed on the anchor clamping device 2.

[0056] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the tie rod assembly 4 includes a tie anchor plate 41 and an inner tie rod 42. The tie anchor plate 41 is located above the anchor clamping device 2, and the top anchor assembly 3 is located below the anchor clamping device 2. The anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly 1 is connected to the tie anchor plate 41. One end of the inner tie rod 42 is connected to the tie anchor plate 41, and the other end of the inner tie rod 42 passes through the anchor clamping device 2 and is connected to the top anchor assembly 3. The anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly 1 is used to drive the tie rod assembly 4 to move the top anchor assembly 3. After the top anchor assembly 3 moves, it can drive the anchor clamping device 2 to clamp or release the traction body. This application provides an internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism and hydraulic lifter with an external anchor cylinder. In this mechanism, the anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly 1 can transmit power through the tie rod assembly 4 to pull up or lower the top anchor assembly 3, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the anchor clamping device 2. This allows the anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly to be placed on the outside of the anchor ring, facilitating on-site maintenance and replacement. Meanwhile, the anchor clamping device is opened and closed by first pulling and then pushing, which eliminates the need for the anchor ring base, which has a high manufacturing cost. This makes the anchor opening and closing mechanism simple and compact, with strong practicality and economy, and also has a certain degree of advanced technology. It can fill the gap in the domestic technology of internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism for external anchor cylinders dedicated to hydraulic lifters.

[0057] It should be understood that this application does not limit the type of traction body. The traction body only needs to be able to lift or lower the heavy object. The traction body includes, but is not limited to, steel strand.

[0058] Continue to refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4a and Figure 4b As shown, the anchor clamping device 2 includes an anchor ring 21 and anchor plates 22. The anchor ring 21 has multiple first through holes 211 extending along its own axial direction. Each anchor plate 22 is movably disposed within a corresponding first through hole 211, and the anchor plate 22 is used to clamp the traction body. The anchor ring 21 also has a first receiving hole 212 extending along its own axial direction, and one end of the inner tie rod 42 is used to pass through the first receiving hole 212. The bottom of the anchor ring 21 is connected to the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder.

[0059] More specifically, there are multiple anchor plates 22 and multiple first through holes 211. These multiple first through holes 211 are spaced apart along multiple circumferential directions of the anchor ring 21, or they are staggered among multiple arcs on the anchor ring 21. The anchor plate 22 is conical in shape, allowing the traction body to pass through the cavity formed by the anchor plate 22. When the anchor plate 22 is subjected to downward pressure, it can gradually move into the first through hole 211 and clamp the traction body, at which point the traction body can move vertically synchronously with the anchor plate 22. When the anchor plate 22 is subjected to upward thrust, it can gradually move out of the first through hole 211 and release the traction body, at which point the traction body can move vertically relative to the anchor plate 22.

[0060] It should be understood that each anchor plate 22 is used to clamp one traction body. Multiple anchor plates 22 can move synchronously so that all traction bodies can be clamped or released synchronously, thereby ensuring that all traction bodies can lift the heavy object together during the operation of the hydraulic lifting equipment.

[0061] Furthermore, the anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly 1 includes an anchor hydraulic cylinder 11, and the piston rod 12 of the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 is connected to the anchor plate 41 through an adjusting sleeve 13 and an anchor plate connecting bolt 121. The anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 allows hydraulic oil to enter and exit through the large and small chamber oil ports to realize the lifting and lowering of the piston rod 12, thereby driving the anchor plate 41 to move up and down.

[0062] When the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 extends, the piston rod 12 of the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 drives the anchor plate 41 to move upward. After the anchor plate 41 moves, it drives the top anchor assembly 3 to move upward synchronously through the inner tie rod 42. After the top anchor assembly 3 moves, it lifts the anchor piece 22, thereby opening the anchor piece 22 and releasing the traction body. When the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 retracts, the piston rod 12 of the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 drives the anchor plate 41 to move downward. After the anchor plate 41 moves, it drives the top anchor assembly 3 to move downward synchronously through the inner tie rod 42. After the top anchor assembly 3 moves, it separates from the anchor piece 22, and the anchor piece 22 is pressed and clamped by the anchor spring 24.

[0063] It should be noted that multiple anchor hydraulic cylinders 11 are preferably provided, and the multiple anchor hydraulic cylinders 11 are fixed at intervals in the circumferential direction of the anchor ring 21. (Refer to...) Figures 6a-6c As shown, in one specific scheme, there are four anchor hydraulic cylinders 11. At this time, four grooves 411 are provided on the anchor plate 41. The piston rod 12 of the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 and its adjusting sleeve 13 are fixed in a corresponding groove 411 by the anchor plate connecting bolt 121. At this time, all four anchor hydraulic cylinders 11 are connected to the anchor plate 41, and the four anchor hydraulic cylinders 11 can simultaneously drive the anchor plate 41 to move in the vertical direction.

[0064] Furthermore, there is at least one inner tie rod 42, and the extension direction of the inner tie rod 42 is parallel to the axial direction of the anchor ring 21.

[0065] Reference Figure 3 As shown, in a specific example, there is one inner tie rod 42, which is located at the geometric center of the anchor ring 21, and the extension direction of the inner tie rod 42 coincides with the axis of the anchor ring 21.

[0066] In another specific example, there are multiple inner tie rods 42, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the anchor ring 21. The two ends of each inner tie rod 42 are connected to the anchor plate 41 and the top anchor assembly 3, respectively, so that the top anchor assembly 3 can be driven to move up and down by all the inner tie rods 42.

[0067] Reference Figures 6a-6c As shown, the edge of the anchor plate 41 is provided with multiple grooves 411 (e.g., U-shaped grooves) that extend through it along its own axial direction, and the multiple grooves 411 are spaced apart along the circumference of the anchor plate 41. The piston rod 12 of the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 passes through a corresponding groove 411 through the anchor plate connecting bolt 121 and is connected to the anchor plate 41.

[0068] Continue to refer to Figure 3 The anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly 1 also includes an adjusting sleeve 13. A first step (unnumbered) is provided on the piston rod 12. The adjusting sleeve 13 is sleeved on the piston rod 12 and placed on the first step. The upper part of the adjusting sleeve 13 abuts against the lower surface of the groove 411. The anchor plate 41 is connected to the piston rod 12 by the anchor plate connecting bolt 121. This arrangement avoids direct contact between the anchor plate 41 and the piston rod 12, reducing the contact pressure between them. Furthermore, the initial distance between the lower part of the anchor plate 22 and the top anchor assembly 3 can be adjusted via the adjusting sleeve 13, which helps to adjust the no-load travel of the anchor plate 22 when it is lifted by the top anchor assembly 3.

[0069] Furthermore, the circumferential dimension of the groove 411 on the anchor plate 41 matches the outer diameter of the anchor plate connecting bolt 121, so that the groove 411 can circumferentially limit the anchor plate connecting bolt 121.

[0070] In one example, the groove 411 is a U-shaped slot, and the geometric center of the U-shaped slot corresponds to the geometric center of the piston rod 12 of the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 and the adjusting sleeve 13.

[0071] Reference Figures 6a-6c The anchor plate 41 is provided with multiple second through holes 412 (specifically round holes). The position of the second through hole 412 corresponds to the position of the first through hole 211. The inner diameter of the second through hole 412 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the traction body. The second through hole 412 is used for the traction body to pass through.

[0072] like Figures 8a-8c As shown, and in combination Figure 3 The anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly 1 also includes an anchor cylinder base 14, which is fixed on the anchor ring 21 and is used to fix and support the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11. That is, the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 is fixed on the anchor ring 21 through the anchor cylinder base 14.

[0073] Reference Figures 8a-8cAs shown, in a preferred embodiment, the anchor cylinder base 14 includes an arc portion 141, a support portion 142, and a protruding portion 143. The arc portion 141 is used to fix to the outer surface of the anchor ring 21, and the shape of the arc portion 141 matches the shape of the outer surface of the anchor ring 21. The support portion 142 is fixed on the side of the arc portion 141 away from the side used to fit the anchor ring 21, that is, the support portion 142 is fixed on the other side of the arc portion 141 opposite to the side used to fit the anchor ring 21. The protruding portion 143 is fixed at one end of the arc portion 141 and is used to abut against the upper surface of the anchor ring 21. At this time, the protruding portion 143 and the arc portion 141 have an L-shaped structure and are used to bear the thrust of the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11.

[0074] Return to reference Figures 4a-4c The anchor ring 21 has a first bolt hole 213 on its side wall, and a second mounting hole 144 corresponding to the first bolt hole 213 is provided on the arc portion 141. During actual fixing, bolts can be passed through the second mounting hole 144 and fixed in the first bolt hole 213 to connect the anchor cylinder base 14 and the anchor ring 21. After connection, the arc portion 141 fits against the side wall of the anchor ring 21, and the protrusion 143 fits against the upper surface of the anchor ring 21 to prevent the anchor cylinder base 14 from being unable to withstand the thrust of the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 after the bolts loosen. The support portion 142 protrudes outward after the anchor cylinder base 14 and anchor ring 21 are fixed. Preferably, the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 can be fixed to the support portion 142 with bolts, thereby fixing the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 to the anchor ring 21.

[0075] Reference Figures 9a-9c As shown, the top anchor assembly 3 includes a top anchor plate 31 and a top anchor sleeve 32. The top anchor plate 31 is connected to the inner tie rod 42 and is a circular flat plate. The top anchor sleeve 32 is fixed above the top anchor plate 31 and extends into the first through hole 211. The top anchor sleeve 32 is used to drive the anchor piece 22 to move upward under the action of the top anchor plate 31.

[0076] Return to reference Figure 4b The first through hole 211 has a conical section 2111 facing the anchor piece 22 and a cylindrical section 2112 for accommodating the top anchor sleeve 32. The anchor piece 22 is movably placed in the conical section 2111, and the top anchor sleeve 32 is movably placed in the cylindrical section 2112. When the top anchor sleeve 32 moves to its lowest point, a gap is provided between the top anchor sleeve 32 and the anchor piece 22. After the top anchor sleeve 32 moves upward, it can contact the anchor piece 22 and drive the anchor piece 22 to move upward, thereby causing the anchor piece 22 to release the traction body. After the top anchor sleeve 32 moves downward, it can separate from the anchor piece 22. At this time, the anchor piece 22 re-enters the first through hole 211 under the pressure of the anchor spring 24, thereby clamping the traction body.

[0077] Reference Figure 5a and Figure 5bAs shown, the top anchor assembly 3 also includes a sleeve pressure plate 33. The top anchor plate 31 has a first stepped circular hole (unlabeled), the inner diameter of which is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the traction body. The end of the top anchor sleeve 32 can be placed in a corresponding first stepped circular hole. The sleeve pressure plate 33 can be sleeved on all the top anchor sleeves 32 and abut against the top anchor plate 31.

[0078] Continue to refer to Figure 5b In one example, after the sleeve pressure plate 33 is fitted onto the top anchor sleeve 32, the top anchor plate 31 and the sleeve pressure plate 33 can be connected by the top anchor plate connecting bolt 311 to achieve the fixed installation of the top anchor plate 31, the top anchor sleeve 32, and the sleeve pressure plate 33. After the three are fixed, the top anchor sleeve 32 can extend into the first through hole 211 and fix the top anchor plate 31 to the inner tie rod 42, thereby completing the installation of the top anchor assembly 3 and the inner tie rod 42.

[0079] like Figures 7a-7c As shown, the tie rod assembly 4 also includes two flanges 43. Both ends of the inner tie rod 42 are provided with a second step (unnumbered), and the two flanges 43 are respectively placed on the corresponding second step. The anchor plate 41 is provided with a central through hole (unnumbered), and the top anchor plate 31 is provided with a central through hole (unnumbered). Both ends of the inner tie rod 42 are inserted into the central through holes of the top anchor plate and the anchor plate, respectively, and the two flanges 43 are fixed to the top anchor plate 31 and the anchor plate 41, respectively.

[0080] Continue to refer to Figure 5a and Figure 5b As shown, in one example, the flange 43 and the top anchor plate 31 can be fixed by the first fixing bolt 421 of the inner tie rod, and the flange 43 and the anchor plate 41 can be fixed by the second fixing bolt 422 of the inner tie rod.

[0081] Reference Figure 10a and Figure 10b and combined Figure 3 The anchor clamping device 2 also includes an anchor plate 23 and an anchor spring 24. The anchor plate 23 is a circular flat plate. One end of the anchor spring 24 abuts against the anchor plate 23, and the other end abuts against the anchor piece 22. Both the anchor plate 23 and the anchor spring 24 are located between the anchor ring 21 and the anchor plate 41. The anchor spring 24 applies a preload to the anchor piece 22, so that the anchor piece 22 can enter the first through hole 211 to clamp the steel strand when it is not under force, so that the anchor piece 22 can quickly form a self-locking with the steel strand when it is subjected to a downward external force. In this way, the anchor opening and closing mechanism can quickly clamp the steel strand to form a one-way self-locking when the main hydraulic cylinder extends, and can drive the heavy object to rise when the main hydraulic cylinder extends.

[0082] When the anchor opening and closing mechanism is unloaded, when the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 extends, it drives the anchor plate 41, the inner tie rod 42, the top anchor plate 31 connected to the tie rod assembly 4, and the top anchor sleeve 32 to move upward synchronously, lifting the anchor piece 22, opening the anchor piece 22, and releasing the clamping of the steel strand. When the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 retracts, it drives the anchor plate 41, the inner tie rod 42, the top anchor plate 31 connected to the tie rod assembly 4, and the top anchor sleeve 32 to move downward synchronously, separating the anchor sleeve 32 from the anchor piece 22. The anchor piece 22 resets under the action of the anchor spring 24, and then continues to be in the state of clamping the steel strand.

[0083] In one specific example, the anchor plate 23 has a second stepped circular hole (unnumbered), and the anchor plate 22 has a third stepped circular hole (unnumbered). One end of the anchor spring 24 is placed in the second stepped circular hole on the anchor plate 23, and the other end is placed in the third stepped circular hole on the anchor plate 22. The anchor plate 23 has a through second receiving hole (unnumbered), and the inner tie rod 42 is used to pass through the second receiving hole.

[0084] Continue to refer to Figure 10a and Figure 10b The anchor clamping device 2 also includes a fixing bolt 25 and a positioning sleeve 26. The anchor ring 21 has a second bolt hole 214, and the anchor plate 23 has a third mounting hole (unnumbered). The fixing bolt 25 passes through the third mounting hole and the positioning sleeve 26 sequentially and is then fixed in the second bolt hole 214 to connect the anchor plate 23 to the anchor ring 21. The positioning sleeve 26 is fitted onto the fixing bolt 25 to control the initial compression of the anchor spring 24, allowing the anchor spring 24 to apply preload to the anchor plate 22.

[0085] When the anchor plate 22 is pushed upward by the top anchor sleeve 32, the anchor plate 22 can gradually move out of the first through hole 211 and further compress the anchor spring 24. At this time, the anchor plate 22 disengages from the traction body. After the anchor plate 22 separates from the top anchor sleeve 32, the elastic force of the anchor spring 24 is released, providing downward pressure to the anchor plate 22, thereby causing the anchor plate 22 to move back into the first through hole 211 and clamp the traction body.

[0086] It should be noted that the anchor plate 23, top anchor plate 31, pull anchor plate 41, and anchor ring 21 are all arranged horizontally. The anchor plate 23 also has a third through hole (unnumbered) for the traction body to pass through. During installation, the traction body can be sequentially passed through the second through hole 412 of the pull anchor plate, the third through hole of the anchor plate, the first through hole 211 of the anchor ring, and the first stepped circular hole of the top anchor plate, thus completing the installation of the traction body.

[0087] In a non-limiting embodiment, the working process of the internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism of the external anchor cylinder is as follows:

[0088] 1) Initial installation phase

[0089] A top anchor sleeve 32 is placed on each of the first step circular holes of the top anchor plate 31. Then, a sleeve pressure plate 33 is fitted onto the top anchor sleeve 32. The sleeve pressure plate 33, the top anchor sleeve 32, and the top anchor plate 31 are connected into one unit using the top anchor plate connecting bolt 311. The lower end of the inner tie rod 42 is passed through the central through hole of the top anchor plate on the top anchor plate 31, so that the flange 43 at the lower end of the inner tie rod 42 is connected to the end of the top anchor plate 31 into one unit using the first fixing bolt 421 of the inner tie rod.

[0090] The top anchor sleeve 33 is inserted into the lower part of the first through hole 211 of the anchor ring 21, and the inner tie rod 42 is inserted into the first receiving hole 212 of the anchor ring 21. After the inner tie rod 42 passes through the anchor ring 21, the anchor cylinder base 14 is installed on the outer periphery of the anchor ring 21, and the protrusion 143 of the anchor cylinder base 14 abuts against the upper surface of the anchor ring 21, thereby fixing the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 onto the support part 142 of the anchor cylinder base 14.

[0091] Anchor plate 22 is placed in the first through hole 211 on anchor ring 21. An anchor spring 24 is placed on top of anchor plate 22. An anchor plate 23 is placed on anchor spring 24. A positioning sleeve 26 is placed at the lower part of anchor plate 23 corresponding to the fixing bolt 25. The fixing bolt 25 passes through the positioning sleeve 26, thereby connecting anchor plate 23 and anchor ring 21 into one unit.

[0092] Place the anchor plate 41 above the pressure anchor plate 23, so that the upper end of the inner tie rod 42 passes through the central through hole of the anchor plate 41. Place the adjusting sleeve 13 at the top of the piston rod 12 of the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11, and place the adjusting sleeve 13 below the corresponding groove 411 on the anchor plate 41. Use the anchor plate connecting bolt 121 to connect the piston rod 12 and the anchor plate 41 into a whole. At the same time, use the inner tie rod second fixing bolt 422 to connect the anchor plate 41 to the flange 43 at the end of the inner tie rod 42, thereby completing the assembly of the anchor opening and closing mechanism.

[0093] Then, the entire anchor opening and closing mechanism is placed on the step of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder, and the anchor ring 21 is reliably connected to the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder using connecting bolts, thereby completing the installation of the anchor opening and closing mechanism.

[0094] 2) Anchor opening and closing mechanism in closed condition

[0095] In the initial state, the hydraulic cylinder 11 of the anchor is retracted to the bottom, the anchor plate 41 connected to it is moved down, and the inner tie rod 42 connected to the anchor plate 41 is moved down. The inner tie rod 42 pushes down the top anchor plate 31 and the top anchor sleeve 32 on it, so that the top anchor sleeve 32 moves to the lowest position. The upper end of the top anchor sleeve 32 is disengaged from the bottom of the anchor plate 22. Under the pre-tightening force of the anchor spring 24, the anchor plate 22 applies an initial clamping force to the steel strand held by the anchor plate 22, thereby realizing the closure of the anchor opening and closing mechanism.

[0096] 3) Anchor opening and closing mechanism operation condition

[0097] When the load is transferred and the anchor opening / closing mechanism needs to be activated, the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11 extends, moving the connected anchor plate 41 upwards. This, in turn, moves the inner tie rod 42 connected to the anchor plate 41 upwards. The inner tie rod 42 pulls the top anchor plate 31 and the top anchor sleeve 32 on top of it, causing the top anchor sleeve 32 to contact the bottom of the anchor piece 22. Under the lifting force of the anchor hydraulic cylinder 11, the top anchor sleeve 32 drives each set of unloaded anchor pieces 22 holding the steel strand upwards. The anchor pieces 22 release their grip on the steel strand, thus opening the anchor opening / closing mechanism.

[0098] In summary, this utility model provides an internal tie-rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism and a hydraulic lifter for an external anchor cylinder. The anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly 1 in this mechanism can transmit power through the tie-rod assembly 4 to raise or lower the top anchor assembly 3, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the anchor clamping device 2. This allows the anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly to be positioned outside the anchor ring, facilitating on-site maintenance and replacement. Furthermore, the use of a pull-then-lift method for opening and closing the anchor clamping device eliminates the need for a costly anchor ring base, resulting in a simple and compact structure for the anchor opening and closing mechanism, a lower hydraulic lifter height, and strong practicality and economy. It also possesses a certain degree of advancement, filling the technological gap in domestic technology for internal tie-rod type anchor opening and closing mechanisms for external anchor cylinders specifically designed for hydraulic lifters.

[0099] The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model in any way. Any changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the above disclosure shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism for an external anchor cylinder, characterized in that, It includes an anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly, an anchor clamping device, a top anchor assembly, and a tie rod assembly, wherein the anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly is fixed to the anchor clamping device; The tie rod assembly includes a tie plate and an inner tie rod. The tie plate is located above the anchor clamping device, and the top anchor assembly is located below the anchor clamping device. The anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly is connected to the tie plate. One end of the inner tie rod is connected to the tie plate, and the other end of the inner tie rod passes through the anchor clamping device and is connected to the top anchor assembly.

2. The internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism of the external anchor cylinder as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor clamping device includes an anchor ring and an anchor plate, the anchor plate being used to clamp the traction body; the anchor ring has a plurality of first through holes extending along its own axial direction, and each anchor plate is movably disposed in a corresponding first through hole; the number of inner tie rods is at least one, and the extension direction of the inner tie rods is parallel to the axial direction of the anchor ring.

3. The internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism of the external anchor cylinder as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The edge of the anchor plate is provided with a plurality of grooves that extend along its own axial direction, and the plurality of grooves are spaced apart along the circumference of the anchor plate; the anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly includes an anchor hydraulic cylinder, the piston rod of the anchor hydraulic cylinder passing through a corresponding groove via an anchor plate connecting bolt and connected to the anchor plate.

4. The internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism of the external anchor cylinder as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly also includes an adjusting sleeve. A first step is provided on the piston rod. The adjusting sleeve is sleeved on the piston rod and placed on the first step. The adjusting sleeve is fixed and limited below the groove.

5. The internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism of the external anchor cylinder as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The anchor plate is provided with a plurality of second through holes, the positions of which correspond to the positions of the first through holes, and the second through holes are used for the traction body to pass through.

6. The internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism of the external anchor cylinder as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The anchor hydraulic cylinder assembly also includes an anchor cylinder base, which is fixed to the anchor ring and used to fix and support the anchor hydraulic cylinder.

7. The internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism of the external anchor cylinder as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The anchor cylinder base includes an arc portion, a support portion, and a protruding portion. The arc portion is used to fix the outer surface of the anchor ring. The support portion is fixed to the side of the arc portion away from the side used to fit the anchor ring. The protruding portion is fixed to one end of the arc portion and is used to abut against the upper surface of the anchor ring.

8. The internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism of the external anchor cylinder as described in any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that, The top anchor assembly includes a top anchor plate and a top anchor sleeve. The top anchor plate is connected to the inner tie rod, and the top anchor sleeve is fixed above the top anchor plate and extends into the first through hole. The top anchor sleeve is used to drive the anchor plate to move upward under the action of the top anchor plate.

9. The internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism of the external anchor cylinder as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The tie rod assembly also includes two flanges, and both ends of the inner tie rod are provided with a second step, with the two flanges respectively placed on a corresponding second step; The anchor plate is provided with a central through hole, the top anchor plate is provided with a central through hole, the two ends of the inner tie rod are respectively inserted into the central through hole of the top anchor plate and the central through hole of the anchor plate, and the two flanges are respectively fixed to the top anchor plate and the anchor plate.

10. The internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism of the external anchor cylinder as described in any one of claims 2-7, characterized in that, The anchor clamping device further includes an anchor plate and an anchor spring. One end of the anchor spring abuts against the anchor plate, and the other end of the anchor spring abuts against the anchor piece. The anchor plate and the anchor spring are both located between the anchor ring and the anchor plate.

11. A hydraulic lifter, comprising a main hydraulic cylinder, a traction body, and an internal tie rod type anchor opening and closing mechanism of an external anchor cylinder as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the anchor opening and closing mechanism is used to connect to the main hydraulic cylinder and to clamp or release the traction body.

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