Novel piston ring
By using an I-shaped oil reservoir and axial oil return hole structure and a three-layer non-uniform ring design, the piston rings solve the problems of friction loss and gas leakage when enhancing oil scraping ability, and achieve synergistic optimization of oil management and air tightness.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 夏国发
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing piston rings, while enhancing oil scraping ability, exacerbate frictional losses, while reducing contact pressure leads to poor gas sealing, resulting in a mutually exclusive problem of oil consumption and gas leakage.
An I-shaped oil storage cavity and axial return oil hole structure were designed, and a three-layer non-uniform ring design was adopted, including an inner sealing ring, a middle support ring and an outer gas ring. The outer peripheral surface is covered with a hard chrome plating layer, and the key edges and corners are chamfered.
By controlling excessive oil retention through a directional oil return channel, the pressure distribution on the sealing surface is balanced, stress concentration is reduced, and oil management efficiency and airtightness are improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN224380571U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of piston ring technology, specifically to a novel piston ring. Background Technology
[0002] Piston rings are open metal rings installed in the piston grooves of an engine. Their core functions include:
[0003] Air tightness assurance: prevents high-pressure combustion gases from leaking into the crankcase; oil control: scrapes off excess oil from the cylinder walls and forms a thin oil mist for lubrication; heat conduction: transfers piston heat to the cylinder walls. Functionally, they are divided into compression rings (upper end, main seal) and oil rings (lower end, main oil control). Traditional structures are mostly single-layer or double-layer designs with equal thickness.
[0004] Existing technologies present a mutually exclusive problem of oil consumption and gas leakage: enhancing oil scraping ability requires increasing the ring-cylinder wall contact pressure, but this exacerbates friction loss; reducing contact pressure can reduce friction, but this leads to poor gas sealing.
[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, an I-shaped oil storage cavity with an axial return oil hole and a three-layer non-uniform ring design were designed to solve the technical problems mentioned above. Utility Model Content
[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides a novel piston ring, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a novel piston ring, comprising:
[0008] The piston ring body has an I-shaped oil reservoir in its radial section;
[0009] An axial oil return hole is provided on the upper end face and the lower end face of the piston ring body at a position opposite to each other. The axial oil return hole is located on the central axis of symmetry of the I-shaped oil storage cavity.
[0010] The piston ring also includes a three-layer composite ring structure coaxially assembled from the inside to the outside:
[0011] The inner sealing ring has a radial thickness ratio of 3:1;
[0012] The central support ring has a radial thickness ratio of 3:2.
[0013] The outer air ring has a radial thickness ratio of 3:3.
[0014] The outer circumferential surfaces of the inner sealing ring, the middle support ring, and the outer air ring are all covered with a hard chrome plating.
[0015] Preferably, the outer edge of the top bank of the outer air ring is chamfered, while the remaining edges remain in their original machined state.
[0016] Preferably, the outer edge of the bottom bank of the middle support ring is chamfered, while the remaining edges remain in their original machined state.
[0017] Preferably, the two working corners on the inner diameter side of the inner sealing ring are chamfered, while the outer diameter side edges retain their original machined state. Beneficial effects
[0018] This invention provides a novel piston ring. The piston ring body (5) features an I-shaped oil reservoir and an axial return oil hole along its central axis of symmetry, forming a directional oil return channel that helps control excessive oil retention. The three-layer composite ring body employs a non-uniform radial thickness design (outer compression ring (1): middle support ring (2): inner sealing ring (3) = 3:2:1), allowing the ring stiffness to transition gradually from the outside to the inside, which helps balance the pressure distribution on the sealing surface. Selective chamfering of key edges (top bank of the outer compression ring, bottom bank of the middle support ring, and working angle of the inner sealing ring) reduces local stress concentration while retaining necessary sharp edges to maintain oil scraping capability. The synergistic effect of these structures provides a physical basis for improving the oil management efficiency and airtightness of the piston ring. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hard chrome plating structure of the novel piston ring described in this utility model.
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-view structure of the novel piston ring described in this utility model.
[0021] In the diagram: 1. Outer piston ring; 2. Middle support ring; 3. Inner sealing ring; 4. Hard chrome plating; 5. Piston ring body. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0023] Please see Figure 1-2 This utility model provides a technical solution: a novel piston ring, comprising:
[0024] The piston ring body 5 has an I-shaped oil reservoir in its radial section;
[0025] An axial oil return hole is provided on the upper end face and the lower end face of the piston ring body 5 at a position opposite to each other. The axial oil return hole is located on the central axis of symmetry of the I-shaped oil storage cavity.
[0026] The piston ring also includes a three-layer composite ring structure coaxially assembled from the inside to the outside:
[0027] Inner sealing ring 3, radial thickness ratio is 3:1;
[0028] The central support ring 2 has a radial thickness ratio of 3:2;
[0029] Outer air ring 1, with a radial thickness ratio of 3:3;
[0030] The outer circumferential surfaces of the inner sealing ring 3, the middle support ring 2, and the outer air ring 1 are all covered with a hard chrome plating layer 4.
[0031] In this embodiment, the outer edge corner of the top bank of the outer air ring 1 is chamfered, while the remaining edges remain in their original machined state.
[0032] In this embodiment, the bottom outer edge corner of the middle support ring 2 is chamfered, while the remaining edges remain in their original machined state.
[0033] In this embodiment, the two working corners on the inner diameter side of the inner sealing ring 3 are chamfered, while the outer diameter side edges retain their original machined state.
[0034] Its detailed connection method is a well-known technology in this field. The following mainly introduces the working principle and process, and the specific work is as follows. Example
[0035] This novel piston ring includes:
[0036] Piston ring body (5): Made of ductile iron QT800-2, with an I-shaped radial cross section to form an I-shaped oil reservoir (cavity depth h=1.8mm, cavity width w=2.2mm).
[0037] Axial oil return hole: A through hole with a diameter of Φ1.2mm is opened at the relative position of the upper end face (near the combustion chamber side) and the lower end face (near the crankcase side) of the ring body. The central axis of the hole coincides with the geometric central axis of the I-shaped oil reservoir (tolerance ±0.05mm).
[0038] Three-layer composite ring:
[0039] Outer gas ring (1): Radial thickness 3.0mm, material is 20CrMnTi carburized steel, surface hardness HRC 58-62
[0040] Middle support ring (2): radial thickness 2.0mm, material is 65Mn spring steel.
[0041] Inner sealing ring (3): radial thickness 1.0 mm, material is high boron cast iron.
[0042] Hard chrome plating (4): A hard chrome layer with a thickness of 0.10 to 0.15 mm (microhardness ≥ 800 HV) is electroplated on the outer peripheral surface of the three-layer ring.
[0043] Example 2 (Details of corner removal)
[0044] Outer gas ring (1): The outer edge corner of the top bank (contacting the high temperature zone of the combustion chamber) is machined with a 30°×0.2mm chamfer, and the remaining edges retain machining marks (Ra≤3.2μm).
[0045] Middle support ring (2): The outer edge of the bottom bank (facing the crankcase side) is machined with a 45°×0.3mm chamfer to avoid scratching the cylinder liner oil film.
[0046] Inner sealing ring (3): The two working corners (sealing edge) on the inner diameter side are machined with a double chamfer of 25°×0.15mm, and the outer diameter side is kept sharp (to enhance the oil scraping ability).
[0047] It should be noted that in this paper, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.
Claims
1. A novel piston ring, characterized in that, include: The piston ring body (5) has an I-shaped oil reservoir in its radial section; An axial oil return hole is provided on the upper end face and the lower end face of the piston ring body (5) at a position relative to each other. The axial oil return hole is located on the central axis of symmetry of the I-shaped oil storage cavity. The piston ring also includes a three-layer composite ring structure coaxially assembled from the inside to the outside: The inner sealing ring (3) has a radial thickness ratio of 3:1; The central support ring (2) has a radial thickness ratio of 3:2; The outer air ring (1) has a radial thickness ratio of 3:3; The outer circumferential surfaces of the inner sealing ring (3), the middle support ring (2), and the outer air ring (1) are all covered with a hard chrome plating layer (4).
2. The novel piston ring according to claim 1, characterized in that... The outer edge of the top bank of the outer air ring (1) is chamfered, while the remaining edges are kept in their original machined state.
3. The novel piston ring according to claim 1, characterized in that... The bottom outer edge of the support ring (2) is chamfered, while the remaining edges remain in their original machined state.
4. The novel piston ring according to claim 1, characterized in that... The inner diameter side of the inner sealing ring (3) is chamfered at the two working corners, while the outer diameter side edge remains in its original machined state.