Photovoltaic-thermal assembly and heat pump system

Abstract

The application relates to a photovoltaic and photo-thermal assembly and a heat pump system, comprising: a photovoltaic panel configured to convert light energy into electric energy; at least two heat collecting panels oppositely spaced and distributed on the back of the photovoltaic panel, the back of the photovoltaic panel being located between the two heat collecting panels and forming a mounting area; at least two heat exchange channels respectively arranged on the corresponding heat collecting panels, and a heat exchange medium flowing in each heat exchange channel to exchange heat with the photovoltaic panel; and at least one junction box distributed on the mounting area. The photovoltaic and photo-thermal assembly and the heat pump system have the advantages of uniform heat distribution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of solar energy utilization technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic thermal module and a heat pump system. Background Technology

[0002] With the vigorous development of new energy sources, photovoltaic (PVT) technology has rapidly emerged. PVT combines photovoltaic panels with heat collectors, utilizing the heat absorption capacity of the collectors to transfer heat from the back of the photovoltaic panel, thus reusing the heat loss on the back of the panel. Traditional PVT installation methods often employ large-area laying, but this method suffers from uneven heat distribution, leading to temperature concentrations in areas such as junction boxes, affecting the functionality of the PVT module. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a photovoltaic thermal module and a heat pump system to address the problem of uneven heat distribution in photovoltaic thermal modules.

[0004] A first aspect of this application provides a photovoltaic thermal module, comprising: a photovoltaic panel configured to convert light energy into electrical energy; at least two heat collectors spaced apart and distributed on the back side of the photovoltaic panel, wherein the area on the back side of the photovoltaic panel between the two heat collectors forms an installation area; at least two heat exchange channels respectively disposed on the corresponding heat collectors, wherein a heat exchange medium flows in each heat exchange channel to exchange heat with the photovoltaic panel; and at least one junction box distributed on the installation area.

[0005] In one embodiment, with the installation area as the boundary, all the heat exchange channels are symmetrically distributed on the corresponding heat collection plate.

[0006] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic thermal module further includes a first control valve and a second control valve; the inlets of all the heat exchange channels are connected in parallel and are connected to the outside through the first control valve; the outlets of all the heat exchange channels are connected in parallel and are connected to the outside through the second control valve.

[0007] In one embodiment, the first control valve is a solenoid valve, an electric ball valve, an electronic expansion valve, a thermostatic expansion valve, or an electric proportional valve; the second control valve is a solenoid valve, an electric ball valve, an electronic expansion valve, a thermostatic expansion valve, or an electric proportional valve.

[0008] In one embodiment, each heat exchange channel includes a channel inlet, a channel outlet, a first pipe directly connected to the channel inlet, and a second pipe directly connected to the channel outlet; in one heat exchange channel, the first pipe and the second pipe are arranged side by side on the side of the corresponding heat collector plate near the installation area, and the first pipe is arranged adjacent to the installation area.

[0009] In one embodiment, the heat exchange channels are distributed in a serpentine, mesh, or spiral pattern on the corresponding heat collection plate.

[0010] In one embodiment, the heat exchange channel is a heat-conducting copper tube; or, the heat collection plate has an integrally formed cavity to serve as the heat exchange channel.

[0011] In one embodiment, the heat collection plate is an aluminum plate; and / or, the photovoltaic panel and the heat collection plate are bonded together with adhesive.

[0012] In one embodiment, the sum of the areas of all the heat collection plates is S1, the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel is S2, and the following condition is met: 90% * S2 ≤ S1 < S2.

[0013] In one embodiment, the heat collection plates are arranged at intervals relative to each other along a first direction; the installation area extends along a second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are intersected; the number of junction boxes is three, and all the junction boxes are distributed at intervals along the second direction on the installation area.

[0014] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic panel includes a front glass panel, a back panel, an adhesive layer between the front glass panel and the back panel, and solar cells located in the adhesive layer; the heat collection plate is disposed on the back panel away from the front glass panel.

[0015] A second aspect of this application provides a heat pump system including the aforementioned photovoltaic thermal module.

[0016] The beneficial effects are:

[0017] This application discloses a photovoltaic thermal module and heat pump system. By equipping the photovoltaic thermal module with at least two heat collection plates and at least two heat exchange channels, it improves the uneven heating and cooling caused by the use of a single heat collection plate in traditional technologies. Each heat exchange channel has an independent inlet and outlet, making the distribution of the heat exchange medium more uniform and thus improving the temperature difference on the photovoltaic thermal module. The area on the back of the photovoltaic panel between the two heat collection plates forms the installation area, and the junction box is distributed in the installation area. Two sets of independent heat exchange channels are distributed on both sides of the junction box, allowing the junction box to better exchange heat with the heat exchange channels and remove heat, thereby avoiding temperature concentration in the installation area, reducing the occurrence of hot spot effects, and ultimately enabling the photovoltaic thermal module to function stably, effectively extending its service life, and improving the user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic thermal module provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0019] Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the heat collection plate and heat exchange channel provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of region C of the structure shown.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic thermal module provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a photovoltaic thermal module provided in some other embodiments of this application.

[0023] Figure 6 Temperature distribution diagrams of photovoltaic thermal modules under normal operation, provided in some embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of this application, if the technical terms such as "first" and "second" appear, these terms are used only for descriptive purposes to distinguish different objects, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0027] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of this application, if the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two (including two), such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified. Similarly, if the term "multiple sets" appears, "multiple sets" refers to two or more sets (including two sets), and if the term "multiple pieces" appears, "multiple pieces" refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of this application, if the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the technical terms "installation," "connection," "joining," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0033] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0034] The first aspect of this application provides a photovoltaic thermal module.

[0035] See Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the photovoltaic thermal module includes: a photovoltaic panel 100, at least two heat collection plates 200, at least two heat exchange channels 210, and at least one junction box 300;

[0036] The photovoltaic panel 100 is configured to convert solar energy into electrical energy; at least two heat collectors 200 are spaced apart and distributed on the back of the photovoltaic panel 100, and the area on the back of the photovoltaic panel 100 between the two heat collectors 200 forms an installation area 110; at least two heat exchange channels 210 are respectively disposed on the corresponding heat collectors 200, and each heat exchange channel 210 contains a heat exchange medium to exchange heat with the photovoltaic panel 100; at least one junction box 300 is distributed on the installation area 110.

[0037] The heat collection plates 200 are arranged at relative intervals along the first direction X; the installation area 110 extends along the second direction Y, and the first direction X and the second direction Y are intersected.

[0038] The photovoltaic panel 100 is configured to convert solar energy into electrical energy. Specifically, the photovoltaic panel 100 may typically contain multiple solar cells formed using crystalline silicon (monocrystalline / polycrystalline) or thin film. As the core functional unit of the photovoltaic thermal module, the solar cells of the photovoltaic panel 100 play a key role in directly converting incident light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect.

[0039] At least two collector plates 200 are spaced apart from each other along a first direction X and distributed on the back of the photovoltaic panel 100, and at least two heat exchange channels 210 are respectively disposed on the corresponding collector plates 200. In the photovoltaic thermal module, the photovoltaic panel 100 also serves as the heat-conducting substrate of the collector plate 200, transferring the waste heat generated during power generation to the heat exchange channels 210. The meandering heat exchange channels 210 contain heat exchange medium flowing inside, which carries away the heat from the photovoltaic panel 100, thus realizing combined heat and power (CHP).

[0040] All junction boxes 300 are spaced apart along the second direction Y on the installation area 110. The junction boxes 300 are electrically connected to the photovoltaic panels 100. Typically, multiple solar cells within the photovoltaic panel 100 are connected via series / parallel circuits and connected to the junction boxes 300 through busbars to achieve electrical connection. Then, glue can be potted and cured in the junction boxes 300 for sealing, facilitating the output of DC power. At the factory, electrical testing is performed to prevent leakage, and photovoltaic thermal modules that pass the test are packaged and stored.

[0041] In this embodiment, by providing at least two heat collection plates 200 and at least two heat exchange channels 210 to the photovoltaic thermal module, the uneven heating and cooling caused by using a single heat collection plate in the traditional technology is improved. Each heat exchange channel 210 in this application has an independent channel inlet 211 and channel outlet 212, which makes the distribution of the heat exchange medium more uniform, thereby improving the temperature difference on the photovoltaic thermal module. The area on the back of the photovoltaic panel 100 between the two heat collection plates 200 forms the installation area 110, and the junction box 300 is distributed on the installation area 110. Two sets of independent heat exchange channels 210 are distributed on both sides of the junction box 300, which allows the junction box 300 to better exchange heat with the heat exchange channels 210 and remove heat, thereby avoiding temperature concentration in the installation area 110, reducing the occurrence of hot spot effect, and ultimately enabling the photovoltaic thermal module to achieve stable function, effectively extending its service life and improving the user experience.

[0042] In various embodiments of this application, the heat exchange medium may be water, alcohol, Freon, R22, and R410A, etc.

[0043] In some possible embodiments, with the installation area 110 as the boundary, all heat exchange channels 210 are symmetrically distributed on the corresponding heat collection plate 200.

[0044] In this embodiment, the installation area 110 extends along the second direction Y. The symmetrical distribution of all heat exchange channels 210 on the corresponding heat collector plates 200 means that both are the same or similar in size, distribution shape, and dimensions with the installation area 110 as the axis of symmetry. The left and right heat collector plates 200 are the same size, and the heat exchange channels 210 on the left and right sides are the same in size, structure, and distribution shape; only their installation directions are opposite.

[0045] In this way, by ensuring that all heat exchange channels 210 are symmetrically distributed on the corresponding heat collector plates 200, the area ratio of the photovoltaic panels 100 covered by the heat collector plates 200 is effectively increased. With two sets of independent heat exchange channels 210 distributed on both sides of the junction box 300, the junction box 300 can better exchange heat with the heat exchange channels 210 and remove heat, thereby avoiding temperature concentration in the installation area 110, reducing the occurrence of hot spot effects, and ultimately enabling the photovoltaic thermal module to achieve stable function, effectively extending its service life and improving the user experience.

[0046] In some possible embodiments, see Figures 1 to 5 As shown, there are two heat collection plates 200 and two heat exchange channels 210; the heat exchange channels 210 are set on the corresponding heat collection plates 200 to form a heat exchanger; the structures of the two heat exchangers are symmetrically distributed with the installation area 110 as the boundary.

[0047] The heat exchange channel 210 is set on the corresponding heat collection plate 200 to form a heat exchanger. One photovoltaic panel 100 corresponds to two heat exchangers. This modular design also reduces the processing difficulty of each heat exchanger, the heat exchanger occupies a smaller volume, the production cost is relatively lower, the storage cost is reduced, and the yield rate can be effectively improved.

[0048] In some possible embodiments, see Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the photovoltaic thermal module also includes a first control valve 400 and a second control valve 500; the inlets 211 of all heat exchange channels 210 are connected in parallel and are connected to the outside through the first control valve 400; the outlets 212 of all heat exchange channels 210 are connected in parallel and are connected to the outside through the first control valve 400.

[0049] It is understandable that each heat exchange channel 210 on the heat collector plate 200 has an independent channel inlet 211 and channel outlet 212.

[0050] Thus, by connecting the inlets 211 of all heat exchange channels 210 in parallel and the outlets 212 of all heat exchange channels 210 in parallel, the pressure drop caused by series flow channels is avoided between the heat exchange channels 210, thereby preventing uneven distribution of the heat exchange medium due to pressure imbalance. By setting a first control valve 400 and a second control valve 500, the inlets 211 are connected to an external compressor via the first control valve 400, and the outlets 212 are connected to an external compressor via the second control valve 500. Control valve 400 and second control valve 500 can effectively control parameters such as flow rate, pressure and velocity of heat exchange medium in each heat exchange channel 210, thereby facilitating intelligent management and effectively realizing coordinated flow control and thermal management optimization. This ensures that the flow rate of heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel 210 on each collector plate 200 is uniform, so that the temperature of the area on the back of the photovoltaic panel 100 corresponding to each collector plate 200 is uniformly distributed, avoiding excessive temperature difference between areas, and effectively suppressing heat concentration in the installation area 110 where the junction box 300 is located.

[0051] Optionally, the first control valve 400 may be a solenoid valve, an electric ball valve, an electronic expansion valve, a thermostatic expansion valve, or an electric proportional valve, depending on the design, and this application does not limit it.

[0052] Optionally, the second control valve 500 may be a solenoid valve, an electric ball valve, an electronic expansion valve, a thermostatic expansion valve, or an electric proportional valve, depending on the design, and this application does not limit it.

[0053] In some possible embodiments, see Figures 1 to 5 As shown, each heat exchange channel 210 includes a channel inlet 211, a channel outlet 212, a first pipe 213 directly connected to the channel inlet 211, and a second pipe 214 directly connected to the channel outlet 212.

[0054] In a heat exchange channel 210, the first pipe 213 and the second pipe 214 are arranged side by side on the side of the corresponding heat collector plate 200 near the installation area 110, and the first pipe 213 is arranged adjacent to the installation area 110.

[0055] It should be understood that, taking the flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel 210 as the direction, the first pipe 213 is a section at the beginning of the heat exchange channel 210. To be further clarified, the first pipe 213 is directly connected to the channel inlet 211, and the first pipe 213 extends along the second direction Y.

[0056] Similarly, the second pipe 214 is a section at the end of the heat exchange channel 210. To be further clarified, the second pipe 214 is directly connected to the channel outlet 212, and the second pipe 214 extends along the second direction Y.

[0057] It is understandable that the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel 210 has the strongest heat exchange capacity when it first enters the heat exchange channel 210; that is, the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange medium flowing in the first pipe 213 is relatively better.

[0058] As the heat exchange process proceeds, the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange channel 210 gradually weakens until the heat exchange medium is about to flow out of the heat exchange channel 210, at which point the heat exchange capacity is relatively weakest; that is, the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange medium flowing in the second pipe 214 is relatively worse.

[0059] In this embodiment, by arranging the first pipe 213 and the second pipe 214 side by side on the side of the corresponding heat collector plate 200 near the installation area 110, the first pipe 213 with relatively good heat exchange effect and the second pipe 214 with relatively poor heat exchange effect can be combined with each other, ensuring that the heat exchange capacity of the area of ​​the heat collector plate 200 near the installation area 110 is consistent with that of other areas, thereby improving the uneven heating and cooling of the heat collector plate 200.

[0060] Furthermore, the first pipe 213 is positioned adjacent to the installation area 110, meaning the first pipe 213 is closer to the installation area 110 than the second pipe 214. Thus, the first pipe 213, consisting of two independent heat exchange channels 210, is distributed on both sides of the junction box 300. This allows the junction box 300 to better exchange heat with the heat exchange channels 210 and remove heat, thereby preventing temperature concentration in the installation area 110, reducing the occurrence of hot spot effects, ultimately ensuring the stable operation of the photovoltaic thermal module, effectively extending its service life, and improving the user experience.

[0061] Figure 6 Temperature distribution diagrams of photovoltaic thermal modules under normal operation, provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0062] Combination Figure 6 As shown, by setting at least two heat collection plates 200 and at least two heat exchange channels 210 for the photovoltaic thermal module, and placing the inlet 211 and outlet 212 of the heat exchange channels 210 close to the installation area 110, heat exchange with the junction box 300 can be effectively achieved, thereby avoiding temperature concentration in the installation area 110, reducing the occurrence of hot spot effects, reducing the overall temperature difference of the photovoltaic thermal module to 0.5℃, and greatly improving the heat concentration at the junction box 300, effectively solving the problem of uniform heat distribution.

[0063] In some possible embodiments, see Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the heat exchange channels 210 are distributed in a serpentine, mesh, or spiral pattern on the corresponding heat collection plates 200.

[0064] Thus, the heat exchange channels 210 are distributed in a serpentine, mesh, or spiral pattern on the corresponding heat collector plate 200, thereby increasing the thermal contact area, improving the heat exchange capacity, and making the distribution of the heat exchange medium more uniform. This effectively improves the uneven heating and cooling of the heat collector plate 200, thereby improving the temperature difference on the photovoltaic thermal module. Ultimately, this ensures the stable functioning of the photovoltaic thermal module, effectively extends its service life, and improves the user experience.

[0065] In some possible embodiments, see Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the heat exchange channel 210 is a heat-conducting copper tube. The heat exchange channel 210 can be fixedly connected to the lower surface of the heat collector plate 200 by means of laser welding, brazing, etc.

[0066] In other embodiments, the heat exchange channel 210 may also be made of other metal tubes with good thermal conductivity, such as thermally conductive aluminum tubes.

[0067] In some possible embodiments, see Figures 1 to 3 ,as well as Figure 5 As shown, the collector plate 200 has an integrally formed cavity that serves as a heat exchange channel 210. The forming method can be stamping, where a substrate is directly punched into a slot, and another substrate covers it, thus forming a meandering cavity. In the photovoltaic thermal module, the photovoltaic panel 100 also serves as the heat-conducting substrate of the collector plate 200, and the cavity serves as the heat exchange channel 210. A heat exchange medium flows inside the cavity, carrying away the heat from the photovoltaic panel 100, thus achieving combined heat and power (CHP).

[0068] In some possible embodiments, the heat collector plate 200 is made of a material with good thermal conductivity. For example, the heat collector plate 200 is an aluminum plate. The heat collector plate 200 may also adopt a copper-aluminum combined tube-plate structure or a blown aluminum plate structure.

[0069] In other embodiments, the heat collection plate 200 may also be made of cadmium alloy. This application does not limit this.

[0070] Thus, the heat collector plate 200 is made of materials with good thermal conductivity such as aluminum and copper, giving it excellent thermal conductivity. The photovoltaic panel 100, as the heat-conducting substrate of the heat collector plate 200, conducts the waste heat generated during power generation to the heat collector plate 200, and then to the heat exchange channel 210. The heat exchange channel 210, which extends in a meandering manner, contains a heat exchange medium. Finally, the heat exchange medium carries away the heat from the photovoltaic panel 100, realizing combined heat and power.

[0071] In some possible embodiments, see Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the photovoltaic panel 100 and the heat collector 200 are connected by adhesive.

[0072] The photovoltaic panel 100 and the collector panel 200 can be bonded together using ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer adhesive (EVA adhesive) or polyvinyl butyral adhesive (PVB adhesive), which has functions such as thermal conductivity, electrical insulation and mechanical buffering, resulting in good connection strength and good thermal conductivity between the photovoltaic panel 100 and the collector panel 200.

[0073] In some possible embodiments, the sum of the areas of all the heat collection plates 200 is S1, the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 100 is S2, and the following condition is met: 90% * S2 ≤ S1 < S2.

[0074] It is understandable that by setting at least two heat collection plates 200 and at least two heat exchange channels 210 for the photovoltaic thermal module, the shape of a single heat collection plate 200 can be more closely matched to the shape of half of the photovoltaic panel 100, thereby making the area of ​​the heat collection plate 200 closer to half of the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 100. As a result, when the assembly is completed, the sum of the areas S1 of all the heat collection plates 200 is higher than 90% of the area S2 of the photovoltaic panel 100.

[0075] Among them, combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the distance between the edge of the photovoltaic panel 100 along the first direction X and the heat collector plate 200 is A, and the distance between the edge of the photovoltaic panel 100 along the second direction Y and the heat collector plate 200 is B, satisfying A≤5cm; B≤15cm.

[0076] In this embodiment, by providing at least two heat collection plates 200 and at least two heat exchange channels 210 to the photovoltaic thermal module, the sum of the areas S1 of all heat collection plates 200 is greater than 90% of the area S2 of the photovoltaic panel 100. This ensures that the heat collection plates 200 can cover the core heat-generating area of ​​the photovoltaic panel 100, improving its waste heat recovery rate and preventing heat accumulation at the edges of the photovoltaic panel 100, thereby improving the temperature difference on the photovoltaic thermal module. Ultimately, this enables the photovoltaic thermal module to function stably, effectively extends its service life, and improves the user experience.

[0077] In some possible embodiments, see Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the heat collection plates 200 are arranged at intervals along the first direction X; the installation area 110 extends along the second direction Y, and the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect. There are three junction boxes 300, and all the junction boxes 300 are distributed at intervals along the second direction Y on the installation area 110.

[0078] Three junction boxes 300 are spaced apart along the second direction Y on the installation area 110. Two sets of independent heat exchange channels 210 are distributed on both sides of the junction boxes 300, which allows the junction boxes 300 to better exchange heat with the heat exchange channels 210 and remove heat. This creates alternating heat dissipation and low temperature zones on the installation area 110, thus avoiding temperature concentration in the installation area 110, reducing the occurrence of hot spot effects, and ultimately ensuring the stable functioning of the photovoltaic thermal module, effectively extending its service life, and improving the user experience.

[0079] In some possible embodiments, see Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the photovoltaic panel 100 includes a front glass panel 120, a back panel 130, an adhesive layer 140 located between the front glass panel 120 and the back panel 130, and solar cells 150 located in the adhesive layer 140; the heat collection plate 200 is disposed on the back of the back panel 130 away from the front glass panel 120.

[0080] The front glass panel 120 can be made of tempered glass, which has good light transmission and a certain strength, providing necessary protection.

[0081] The adhesive layer 140 is the adhesive layer for encapsulating the photovoltaic cell, and can be made of EVA adhesive, which has good adhesion, durability, and optical properties. Of course, in other embodiments, PVB adhesive can also be used to form the adhesive layer 140, and this application does not limit this.

[0082] The backing plate 130 can be a thermoplastic elastomer backing plate (TPE backing plate) or a fluoropolymer film backing plate (FPF backing plate).

[0083] The solar cell 150 can be made of crystalline silicon (monocrystalline / polycrystalline).

[0084] The solar collector 200 is disposed on the back of the back plate 130 away from the front glass plate 120. The solar cell 150 is located in the adhesive layer 130 and directly converts incident light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect. Excess heat energy is transferred to the solar collector 200 through the back plate 130, and then the waste heat generated during power generation is conducted to the heat exchange channel 210. The heat exchange channel 210 has a heat exchange medium flowing inside, which carries away the heat from the photovoltaic panel 100, realizing combined heat and power.

[0085] In some possible embodiments, the photovoltaic panel 100 includes a support structure (not shown) for support between the front glass panel 120 and the back panel 130. Specifically, the support structure is disposed throughout the periphery between the back panel 130 and the front glass panel 120, thereby enabling the formation of a void between the adhesive layer 3 and the front glass panel 1 to accommodate the adhesive layer 140.

[0086] See some possible embodiments. Figures 1 to 5As shown, the photovoltaic thermal module also includes an insulation layer 600. The insulation layer 600 covers the heat collector plate 200, thereby achieving a good insulation effect, enabling the heat exchange medium to effectively remove the heat from the photovoltaic plate 100, and realizing combined heat and power.

[0087] The insulation layer 600 can be made of foamed material. Specifically, the insulation layer 600 can be filled between the heat collection plates 200, between the heat collection plates 200 and the heat exchange channel 210, and at the edge of the heat collection plates 200 and the circumferential position of the back plate 130 of the photovoltaic panel 100, so as to achieve a good insulation effect.

[0088] A second aspect of this application provides a heat pump system including the aforementioned photovoltaic thermal module.

[0089] In some specific embodiments, the heat pump system may also include a compressor and a throttling valve. The high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchange medium discharged from the compressor is throttled by the throttling valve to form a low-temperature and low-pressure heat exchange medium, which flows into the heat exchange channel 210 to exchange heat with the photovoltaic panel 100 and realize combined heat and power.

[0090] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0091] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic thermal module, characterized in that, The photovoltaic thermal module includes: A photovoltaic panel (100) is configured to convert solar energy into electrical energy; At least two collector plates (200) are spaced apart and distributed on the back of the photovoltaic panel (100), and the area on the back of the photovoltaic panel (100) between the two collector plates (200) forms an installation area (110); At least two heat exchange channels (210) are respectively disposed on the corresponding heat collection plate (200), and a heat exchange medium flows in each heat exchange channel (210) to exchange heat with the photovoltaic panel (100); and at least one junction box (300) distributed on the installation area (110).

2. The photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 1, characterized in that, With the installation area (110) as the boundary, all the heat exchange channels (210) are symmetrically distributed on the corresponding heat collection plate (200).

3. The photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic thermal module also includes a first control valve (400) and a second control valve (500); The inlets (211) of all the heat exchange channels (210) are connected in parallel and are connected to the outside through the first control valve (400); The outlets (212) of all the heat exchange channels (210) are connected in parallel and are connected to the outside through the second control valve (500).

4. The photovoltaic thermal module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first control valve (400) is a solenoid valve, an electric ball valve, an electronic expansion valve, a thermostatic expansion valve, or an electric proportional valve; the second control valve (500) is a solenoid valve, an electric ball valve, an electronic expansion valve, a thermostatic expansion valve, or an electric proportional valve.

5. The photovoltaic thermal module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Each of the heat exchange channels (210) includes a channel inlet (211), a channel outlet (212), a first pipe (213) directly connected to the channel inlet (211), and a second pipe (214) directly connected to the channel outlet (212); In one of the heat exchange channels (210), the first pipe (213) and the second pipe (214) are arranged side by side on the side of the corresponding heat collector plate (200) near the installation area (110), and the first pipe (213) is arranged adjacent to the installation area (110).

6. The photovoltaic thermal module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The heat exchange channels (210) are distributed in a serpentine, mesh, or spiral pattern on the corresponding heat collection plates (200).

7. The photovoltaic thermal module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The heat exchange channel (210) is a heat-conducting copper pipe; or, The heat collection plate (200) has an integrally formed cavity to serve as the heat exchange channel (210).

8. The photovoltaic thermal module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The heat collection plate (200) is an aluminum plate; and / or, The photovoltaic panel (100) and the heat collection plate (200) are connected by adhesive.

9. The photovoltaic thermal module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The sum of the areas of all the heat collection plates (200) is S1, and the area of ​​the photovoltaic panel (100) is S2, and satisfies: 90%*S2≤S1<S2.

10. The photovoltaic thermal module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The heat collection plates (200) are arranged at relative intervals along a first direction (X); the installation area (110) extends along a second direction (Y), and the first direction (X) and the second direction (Y) are arranged to intersect. The number of junction boxes (300) is three, and all the junction boxes (300) are distributed at intervals along the second direction (Y) on the installation area (110).

11. The photovoltaic thermal module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The photovoltaic panel (100) includes a front glass panel (120), a back panel (130), an adhesive layer (140) located between the front glass panel (120) and the back panel (130), and solar cells (150) located in the adhesive layer (140); The heat collection plate (200) is disposed on the back side of the back plate (130) away from the front glass plate (120).

12. A heat pump system, characterized in that, Including the photovoltaic thermal module as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

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