A marine safety monitoring circuit, device and system

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of ship safety monitoring circuit, equipment and system, wherein ship safety monitoring circuit includes hydrogen concentration sensor subcircuit, temperature sensor subcircuit, pressure sensor subcircuit, signal conversion subcircuit, threshold comparison subcircuit and control subcircuit, wherein: hydrogen concentration sensor subcircuit output end, temperature sensor subcircuit output end and pressure sensor subcircuit output end are electrically connected with signal conversion subcircuit input end;Signal conversion subcircuit output end is electrically connected with threshold comparison subcircuit first input end;Threshold comparison subcircuit second input end is as ship safety monitoring circuit second input port, and threshold comparison subcircuit output end is electrically connected with control subcircuit input end;Control subcircuit output end is as the output port of ship safety monitoring circuit.The utility model provides a kind of ship safety monitoring circuit, equipment and system, realize the early warning to hydrogen leakage, pressure anomaly and temperature out of control and other potential safety risks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell powered ships, and in particular to a ship safety monitoring circuit, equipment and system. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of green ships and new energy technologies, hydrogen-fueled green ship technology has become one of the main directions for the development of the shipbuilding industry. Hydrogen fuel cell-powered ships, as a key support for achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals in the water transportation sector, have advantages such as being environmentally friendly, having high energy conversion efficiency, high energy density, strong stability, low noise levels, and being unaffected by environmental factors. However, because hydrogen-related equipment in hydrogen fuel cell-powered ships is usually installed in enclosed cabins, it is not conducive to the diffusion and dilution of hydrogen, which can easily lead to the accumulation of hydrogen concentration in localized areas, forming high concentrations of hydrogen and potentially causing safety accidents such as explosions.

[0003] Under current technological conditions, safety monitoring systems for hydrogen fuel cell-powered ships primarily rely on monitoring single parameters (such as hydrogen concentration, tank pressure, and temperature) for alarm purposes. They lack the capability to monitor and jointly analyze multi-dimensional data, including hydrogen leaks, pressure anomalies, temperature anomalies, and system operating parameters. Furthermore, existing hydrogen fuel cell safety monitoring systems only display parameter values ​​and are not linked to the ship's spatial location information. When anomalies occur, manual inspection against drawings is required, which can easily lead to positioning errors and delays in emergency response. Utility Model Content

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a ship safety monitoring circuit, equipment and system to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and realize early warning of potential safety risks such as hydrogen leakage, abnormal pressure and temperature runaway.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a ship safety monitoring circuit, comprising a hydrogen concentration sensor sub-circuit, a temperature sensor sub-circuit, a pressure sensor sub-circuit, a signal conversion sub-circuit, a threshold comparison sub-circuit, and a control sub-circuit, wherein:

[0006] The output terminal of the hydrogen concentration sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit.

[0007] The output terminal of the temperature sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit.

[0008] The output terminal of the pressure sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit.

[0009] The output terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit.

[0010] The second input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit serves as the second input port of the ship safety monitoring circuit, and the output terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0011] The output terminal of the control sub-circuit serves as the output port of the ship safety monitoring circuit.

[0012] The above scheme collects hydrogen concentration, hydrogen cylinder temperature, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data through hydrogen concentration sensor subcircuits, temperature sensor subcircuits, and pressure sensor subcircuits, and transmits the corresponding analog signals to a signal conversion subcircuit. The signal conversion subcircuit then converts the analog signals into voltage signals and transmits them to a threshold comparison subcircuit. The threshold comparison subcircuit receives external digital signals, converts them back into voltage signals, and compares each parameter's voltage signal with a preset safety range table. If the voltage signal of any parameter exceeds the pre-alarm voltage signal in the preset safety range table, the threshold comparison subcircuit generates a corresponding abnormal signal and transmits it to the control subcircuit. Finally, the control subcircuit receives the abnormal signal and generates a corresponding control command, sending a control signal to the output port of the ship's safety monitoring circuit to control the corresponding devices to perform actions or issue alarms.

[0013] In the above scheme, hydrogen concentration sensor subcircuit, temperature sensor subcircuit, and pressure sensor subcircuit are used to collect hydrogen concentration data, hydrogen cylinder temperature data, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data. A signal conversion subcircuit is used to collect these data and convert the corresponding analog signals into voltage signals, which are then transmitted to a threshold comparison subcircuit for subsequent comparison to determine if the voltage signals exceed the threshold. The threshold comparison subcircuit receives external digital signals, converts them into voltage signals, and compares each parameter's voltage signal with a pre-alarm voltage signal in a preset safety range table. If a parameter's voltage signal exceeds the pre-alarm voltage signal, a safety risk is identified, and a corresponding abnormal signal is generated and transmitted to the control subcircuit. The control subcircuit can receive abnormal signals from the threshold comparison subcircuit and generate corresponding control commands. It sends control signals to the output port of the ship safety monitoring circuit and drives the corresponding devices to perform actions or issue alarms through the control signals, thereby realizing early warning of potential safety risks such as hydrogen leakage, abnormal pressure and temperature runaway.

[0014] Furthermore, the signal conversion sub-circuit includes a signal acquisition module and a signal conversion module, wherein:

[0015] The input terminal of the signal acquisition module serves as the input terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit and is electrically connected to the output terminal of the hydrogen concentration sensor sub-circuit. The input terminal of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature sensor sub-circuit, the input terminal of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the pressure sensor sub-circuit, and the output terminal of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal conversion module.

[0016] The output terminal of the signal conversion module serves as the output terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit and is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit.

[0017] In the above scheme, the signal acquisition module can aggregate the hydrogen concentration data, hydrogen cylinder temperature data, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data, and input them into the signal conversion module. Then, the internal chip in the signal conversion module converts the analog signals corresponding to the hydrogen concentration data, hydrogen cylinder temperature data, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data into voltage signals, unifying the format for easier subsequent processing.

[0018] Furthermore, the signal conversion module is an ADC chip.

[0019] In the above scheme, the ADC chip can convert the analog signals corresponding to hydrogen concentration data, hydrogen cylinder temperature data, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data into voltage signals, with a unified format, which facilitates subsequent processing.

[0020] Furthermore, the threshold comparator sub-circuit is a voltage comparator LM393.

[0021] In the above scheme, the voltage signals corresponding to hydrogen concentration data, hydrogen cylinder temperature data, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data, as well as the voltage signals converted from external digital signals, are connected to the non-inverting input of the voltage comparator LM393. The pre-alarm voltage signals from the preset safety range table are connected to the inverting input of the voltage comparator LM393. When the voltage signal of a certain parameter exceeds the pre-alarm voltage signal, the corresponding output of the comparator triggers a level flip, generating a corresponding abnormal signal that is transmitted to the control sub-circuit.

[0022] Furthermore, the control sub-circuit includes an instruction conversion module and a control output module, wherein:

[0023] The input terminal of the instruction conversion module serves as the input terminal of the control sub-circuit and is electrically connected to the output terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit. The output terminal of the instruction conversion module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the control output module.

[0024] The output terminal of the control output module serves as the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0025] In the above scheme, the abnormal signal generated by the threshold comparison subcircuit is converted into a corresponding control command by the command conversion module and transmitted to the control output module. Then, the control output module sends a corresponding control signal to the output port of the ship safety monitoring circuit according to the control command, driving the corresponding device to perform actions or issue an alarm, thereby realizing early warning of potential safety risks such as hydrogen leakage, abnormal pressure, and temperature runaway.

[0026] Furthermore, the instruction conversion module is an Altera EPM1270T144C5 CPLD chip.

[0027] In the above scheme, the Altera EPM1270T144C5 CPLD chip can convert the abnormal signal generated by the threshold comparison sub-circuit into a corresponding control command and transmit it to the control output module.

[0028] This utility model provides a ship safety monitoring device, which includes the ship safety monitoring circuit described above; the device includes a first input interface, a second input interface, a third input interface, a fourth input interface, and an output interface; wherein:

[0029] The input terminal of the hydrogen concentration sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the first input interface;

[0030] The input terminal of the temperature sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the second input interface;

[0031] The input terminal of the pressure sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the third input interface;

[0032] The second input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit is electrically connected to the fourth input interface;

[0033] The output interface is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0034] This utility model provides a ship safety monitoring device. In practical applications, it only requires electrically connecting the input terminal of the hydrogen concentration sensor subcircuit to the first input interface to collect the hydrogen content through the sensor in the hydrogen concentration sensor subcircuit; electrically connecting the input terminal of the temperature sensor subcircuit to the second input interface to collect the equipment temperature through the sensor in the temperature sensor subcircuit; and electrically connecting the input terminal of the pressure sensor subcircuit to the third input interface to collect the pipeline pressure or the pressure between the output and input ports of the hydrogen fuel cell through the sensor in the pressure sensor subcircuit. Next, electrically connecting the second input terminal of the threshold comparison subcircuit to the fourth input interface allows it to receive externally input digital signals and transmit them to the threshold comparison subcircuit. Finally, electrically connecting the output interface to the output terminal of the control subcircuit serves as the physical output terminal of the control subcircuit, enabling the control signal to drive the corresponding device to perform actions or issue alarms, thus providing early warning of potential safety risks such as hydrogen leakage, abnormal pressure, and temperature runaway.

[0035] This utility model provides a ship safety monitoring system, including the ship safety monitoring circuit and external control sub-circuit as described above; wherein:

[0036] The input terminal of the external control sub-circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0037] The output terminal of the external control sub-circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit.

[0038] The ship safety monitoring system provided by this utility model only needs to collect the digital signals of the external energy device in real time through the external control sub-circuit and transmit the collected digital signals to the second input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit to compare whether the voltage signal corresponding to the digital signal of the external control sub-circuit exceeds the pre-alarm voltage signal in the preset safety range table, thereby generating an abnormal signal. Finally, the control command of the corresponding external energy device can be obtained through the abnormal signal, and the external energy device can be controlled.

[0039] Furthermore, it also includes execution and alarm sub-circuits; wherein:

[0040] The input terminal of the execution and alarm subcircuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control subcircuit.

[0041] In the above scheme, by adopting the execution and alarm sub-circuit, the control signal output by the control sub-circuit can be received. The control signal drives the corresponding device to perform actions or issue an alarm, thereby realizing early warning of potential safety risks such as hydrogen leakage, abnormal pressure and temperature runaway.

[0042] Furthermore, the execution and alarm sub-circuit includes a display module, an alarm module, a ventilation module, a fire extinguishing module, and a cut-off module; wherein:

[0043] The control terminal of the display module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0044] The control terminal of the alarm module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0045] The control terminal of the ventilation module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0046] The control terminal of the fire extinguishing module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0047] The control terminal of the cut-off module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0048] In the above scheme, the display module visualizes hydrogen concentration, hydrogen cylinder temperature, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data on an LED display screen. The alarm module receives control commands from the control subcircuit, driving the audible and visual alarms to signal a potential safety risk to the vessel. The ventilation module receives control commands from the control subcircuit, driving fans and valves to regulate airflow within the vessel, thereby reducing hydrogen concentration. The fire extinguishing module receives control commands from the control subcircuit, activating sprinkler systems to cool areas potentially posing a fire hazard due to excessive hydrogen concentration, and also activating gas fire extinguishers to extinguish fires caused by excessive hydrogen concentration. The shut-off module receives control commands from the control subcircuit to cut off the hydrogen supply path, preventing leakage from escalating. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a ship safety monitoring circuit connection is provided in one embodiment of this utility model;

[0050] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a ship safety monitoring system architecture provided in one embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0052] This embodiment provides a ship safety monitoring circuit; for its specific architecture, please refer to [link to details]. Figure 1 It includes a hydrogen concentration sensor subcircuit, a temperature sensor subcircuit, a pressure sensor subcircuit, a signal conversion subcircuit, a threshold comparison subcircuit, and a control subcircuit, wherein:

[0053] The output terminal of the hydrogen concentration sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit.

[0054] The output terminal of the temperature sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit.

[0055] The output terminal of the pressure sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit.

[0056] The output terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit.

[0057] The second input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit serves as the second input port of the ship safety monitoring circuit, and the output terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0058] The output terminal of the control sub-circuit serves as the output port of the ship safety monitoring circuit.

[0059] This embodiment collects hydrogen concentration data, hydrogen cylinder temperature data, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data through hydrogen concentration sensor subcircuit, temperature sensor subcircuit, and pressure sensor subcircuit, and transmits the corresponding analog signals to the signal conversion subcircuit. The signal conversion subcircuit then converts the analog signals into voltage signals and transmits them to the threshold comparison subcircuit. The threshold comparison subcircuit then receives external digital signals, converts them into voltage signals, and compares each parameter's voltage signal with a preset safety range table. If the voltage signal of a parameter exceeds the pre-alarm voltage signal in the preset safety range table, the threshold comparison subcircuit generates a corresponding abnormal signal and transmits it to the control subcircuit. Finally, the control subcircuit receives the abnormal signal and generates a corresponding control command, sending a control signal to the output port of the ship safety monitoring circuit to control the corresponding device to perform actions or issue an alarm.

[0060] In this embodiment, the threshold comparison subcircuit compares the voltage signals of each parameter according to the pre-alarm voltage signals in the preset safety range table. The pre-alarm voltage signals in the preset safety range table are set as follows: the temperature alarm threshold is preset to 60℃, corresponding to a pre-alarm voltage of 2.5V. When the voltage signal corresponding to the collected temperature data analog signal exceeds 2.5V, spray cooling is activated and a temperature warning is issued; the hydrogen concentration alarm threshold is preset to 4% LEL lower limit, corresponding to a pre-alarm voltage of 1.8V. When the voltage signal corresponding to the collected hydrogen concentration data analog signal exceeds 1.8V, the alarm device is activated and the ventilation device is turned on; the hydrogen storage tank pressure alarm threshold is preset to 15MPa, corresponding to a pre-alarm voltage of 2.8V. When the voltage signal corresponding to the collected pressure data analog signal exceeds 2.8V, the hydrogen supply is cut off and a high-pressure alarm is issued.

[0061] In this embodiment, hydrogen concentration sensor subcircuit, temperature sensor subcircuit, and pressure sensor subcircuit are used to collect hydrogen concentration data, hydrogen cylinder temperature data, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data in hydrogen storage and supply areas, pipeline areas, fuel cell areas, electrical equipment areas, manned living quarters, enclosed spaces, and other areas where hydrogen may accumulate, comprehensively covering key safety hazard points on the ship. A signal conversion subcircuit is used to collect hydrogen concentration data, hydrogen cylinder temperature data, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data via an RS-485 bus, converting the collected analog signals corresponding to the hydrogen concentration data, hydrogen cylinder temperature data, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data into voltage signals, and transmitting them to a threshold comparison subcircuit via an SPI bus for subsequent comparison to determine if the voltage signal exceeds a threshold. The threshold comparison subcircuit can receive external digital signals, convert them into voltage signals, and then compare the voltage signals of each parameter with the pre-alarm voltage signals in the preset safety range table. Compared with existing technologies that rely on monitoring only a single parameter, this provides a more comprehensive and accurate reflection of the ship's safety status, offering comprehensive data support for the overall safe operation of hydrogen fuel cell powered ships. If the voltage signal of a certain parameter exceeds the pre-alarm voltage signal, a safety risk is identified, and a corresponding abnormal signal is generated and transmitted to the control subcircuit. The control subcircuit can receive the abnormal signal from the threshold comparison subcircuit and generate corresponding control commands. It sends control signals to the output port of the ship's safety monitoring circuit through the GPIO port, and drives corresponding devices to perform actions or issue alarms, such as opening or closing the hydrogen storage and supply system, changing the hydrogen pressure and flow rate, reducing the battery temperature of the fuel cell system through the spray device, and adjusting the power battery system to a charging state when the abnormal signal includes a signal of insufficient power. Furthermore, it can adjust the propeller speed and power of the electric propulsion system to decrease or increase depending on whether the power battery system is charging or discharging, thus achieving early warning of potential safety risks such as hydrogen leakage, abnormal pressure, and temperature runaway.

[0062] Furthermore, the signal conversion sub-circuit includes a signal acquisition module and a signal conversion module, wherein:

[0063] The input terminal of the signal acquisition module serves as the input terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit and is electrically connected to the output terminal of the hydrogen concentration sensor sub-circuit. The input terminal of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature sensor sub-circuit, the input terminal of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the pressure sensor sub-circuit, and the output terminal of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal conversion module.

[0064] The output terminal of the signal conversion module serves as the output terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit and is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit.

[0065] In this embodiment, a signal acquisition module is used to aggregate hydrogen concentration data, hydrogen cylinder temperature data, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data, and input them into a signal conversion module. Then, the internal chip in the signal conversion module converts the analog signals corresponding to the hydrogen concentration data, hydrogen cylinder temperature data, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data into voltage signals, ensuring a unified format for easier subsequent processing.

[0066] Furthermore, the signal conversion module is an ADC chip.

[0067] In this embodiment, the ADC chip can convert the analog data signals corresponding to the hydrogen concentration data, hydrogen cylinder temperature data, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data synchronously acquired by the eight channels of AD7606 into voltage signals, with a unified format, which facilitates subsequent processing.

[0068] Furthermore, the threshold comparator sub-circuit is a voltage comparator LM393.

[0069] In this embodiment, the threshold comparison sub-circuit includes a threshold setting module and a voltage comparator. The threshold setting module consists of a 10kΩ precision voltage divider resistor network Vishay RN55D connected in series with a 3296 multi-turn potentiometer. By adjusting the potentiometer, an adjustable pre-alarm voltage signal (i.e., an abnormal signal) of 0-3.3V can be generated for different parameters (such as a preset temperature alarm threshold of 60℃ and a preset hydrogen concentration lower limit of 4% LEL). The voltage signals corresponding to the hydrogen concentration data, the hydrogen cylinder temperature data, and the hydrogen cylinder pressure data, as well as the voltage signal converted from an external digital signal, are connected to the non-inverting input of the voltage comparator LM393. The pre-alarm voltage signal from the preset safety range table is connected to the inverting input of the voltage comparator LM393. When the voltage signal of a certain parameter exceeds the pre-alarm voltage signal, the comparator output is triggered to flip, and a corresponding abnormal signal is generated by the DS2Y-S-DC12V relay drive circuit and transmitted to the control sub-circuit via a ribbon cable.

[0070] Furthermore, the control sub-circuit includes an instruction conversion module and a control output module, wherein:

[0071] The input terminal of the instruction conversion module serves as the input terminal of the control sub-circuit and is electrically connected to the output terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit. The output terminal of the instruction conversion module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the control output module.

[0072] The output terminal of the control output module serves as the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0073] In this embodiment, the abnormal signal generated by the threshold comparison subcircuit is converted into a corresponding control command by the command conversion module and transmitted to the control output module. Then, the control output module sends a corresponding control signal to the output port of the ship safety monitoring circuit according to the control command, driving the corresponding device to perform actions or issue an alarm, thereby realizing early warning of potential safety risks such as hydrogen leakage, abnormal pressure, and temperature runaway.

[0074] Furthermore, the instruction conversion module is an Altera EPM1270T144C5 CPLD chip.

[0075] In this embodiment, a logic array circuit is constructed using an Altera EPM1270T144C5 CPLD chip, which integrates AND, OR, and NOT gates to form a parameter correlation analysis link. Externally input digital signals are connected to the CPLD chip in parallel via a 32-bit input bus. When the voltage signals of one or more parameters simultaneously deviate from the safe range, the abnormal signal generated by the threshold comparison sub-circuit can be converted into a corresponding control command and transmitted to the control output module.

[0076] This utility model provides a ship safety monitoring device, which includes the ship safety monitoring circuit described above; the device includes a first input interface, a second input interface, a third input interface, a fourth input interface, and an output interface; wherein:

[0077] The input terminal of the hydrogen concentration sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the first input interface;

[0078] The input terminal of the temperature sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the second input interface;

[0079] The input terminal of the pressure sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the third input interface;

[0080] The second input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit is electrically connected to the fourth input interface;

[0081] The output interface is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0082] This utility model provides a ship safety monitoring device. In practical applications, it only requires electrically connecting the input terminal of the hydrogen concentration sensor subcircuit to the first input interface to collect the hydrogen content through the sensor in the hydrogen concentration sensor subcircuit; electrically connecting the input terminal of the temperature sensor subcircuit to the second input interface to collect the equipment temperature through the sensor in the temperature sensor subcircuit; and electrically connecting the input terminal of the pressure sensor subcircuit to the third input interface to collect the pipeline pressure or the pressure between the output and input ports of the hydrogen fuel cell through the sensor in the pressure sensor subcircuit. Next, electrically connecting the second input terminal of the threshold comparison subcircuit to the fourth input interface allows it to receive externally input digital signals and transmit them to the threshold comparison subcircuit. Finally, electrically connecting the output interface to the output terminal of the control subcircuit serves as the physical output terminal of the control subcircuit, enabling the control signal to drive the corresponding device to perform actions or issue alarms, thus providing early warning of potential safety risks such as hydrogen leakage, abnormal pressure, and temperature runaway.

[0083] This utility model provides a ship safety monitoring system, including the ship safety monitoring circuit and external control sub-circuit as described above; wherein:

[0084] The input terminal of the external control sub-circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0085] The output terminal of the external control sub-circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit.

[0086] This utility model provides a ship safety monitoring system. In practical applications, it only requires the deployment of multiple sensors at various hydrogen-related locations to cover parameters such as hydrogen content, pressure, and temperature in multiple key areas of hydrogen fuel cell-powered ships, as well as the operating status of external control subcircuits, achieving comprehensive safety monitoring and providing comprehensive data support for the overall safe operation of hydrogen fuel cell-powered ships. The external control subcircuit communicates with external systems such as the hydrogen storage and supply system, fuel cell system, power battery system, electric propulsion system, and navigation control system via a CAN bus to collect digital signals from external energy devices in real time. The collected digital signals are transmitted to the second input of a threshold comparison subcircuit to compare whether the voltage signal corresponding to the digital signal of the external control subcircuit exceeds the pre-alarm voltage signal in a preset safety range table, thereby generating an abnormal signal. Finally, the control command for the corresponding external energy device is obtained through the abnormal signal, enabling control of the external energy device. In this embodiment, the external control subcircuit is equipped with a TJA1145 CAN transceiver and a W5500 network chip, capable of receiving digital signals from external systems such as the hydrogen storage and supply system, fuel cell system, power battery system, electric propulsion system, and navigation control system, and realizing data conversion between different bus protocols. Upon receiving digital signals from the external control sub-circuit, the W5500 network chip parses the CAN bus protocol and converts the digital signals into a parallel bus format for transmission to the threshold comparison sub-circuit, providing data support for threshold comparison. Simultaneously, abnormal signals generated by the threshold comparison sub-circuit are matched by the SN74LVC4245 level converter before being output to the control sub-circuit, ensuring reliable transmission of the output control signals.

[0087] Furthermore, it also includes execution and alarm sub-circuits; wherein:

[0088] The input terminal of the execution and alarm subcircuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control subcircuit.

[0089] In this embodiment, by employing an execution and alarm sub-circuit, the system can receive control signals output from the control sub-circuit. These control signals drive corresponding devices to perform actions or issue alarms, thus providing early warning of potential safety risks such as hydrogen leaks, abnormal pressure, and temperature runaway. In this embodiment, the execution and alarm sub-circuit uses a Renesas RA6M5 microcontroller to receive control commands generated by the control sub-circuit.

[0090] Furthermore, the execution and alarm sub-circuit includes a display module, an alarm module, a ventilation module, a fire extinguishing module, and a cut-off module; wherein:

[0091] The control terminal of the display module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0092] The control terminal of the alarm module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0093] The control terminal of the ventilation module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0094] The control terminal of the fire extinguishing module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0095] The control terminal of the cut-off module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

[0096] In this embodiment, the execution and alarm subcircuit outputs discrete control signals through eight independent GPIO ports, directly controlling the display module, alarm module, ventilation module, fire extinguishing module, and shut-off module. The display module visualizes hydrogen concentration, hydrogen cylinder temperature, and hydrogen cylinder pressure data on an LED screen, comprehensively presenting the hydrogen content, pressure, and temperature values ​​at various locations. It also uses a heatmap (a preset color gradient table, from blue for safety, yellow for warning, and red for danger) to visually map key data such as hydrogen content, pressure, and temperature into color changes, using the ship's plan view as the background layer. Each monitoring point's location is mapped to the actual ship structure via coordinate marking. The color information is overlaid onto the corresponding coordinates on the plan view, forming a dynamic data heatmap. Operators can quickly identify parameter levels and location distribution through the display module, accurately locating abnormal areas and improving monitoring efficiency and emergency response speed. The alarm module receives control commands from the control subcircuit, driving the audible and visual alarms to issue warning signals, indicating potential safety risks to the ship. The ventilation module receives control commands from the control subcircuit, driving fans and valves to regulate airflow within the ship and reduce hydrogen concentration. The fire suppression module receives control commands from the control subcircuit to activate sprinkler systems to cool areas with potential fire hazards due to high hydrogen concentrations, and can also activate gas fire extinguishers to extinguish fires caused by excessive hydrogen concentrations. The shut-off module receives control commands from the control subcircuit to cut off the hydrogen supply path, preventing leaks from escalating.

[0097] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A marine vessel safety monitoring circuit, characterized by, It includes a hydrogen concentration sensor subcircuit, a temperature sensor subcircuit, a pressure sensor subcircuit, a signal conversion subcircuit, a threshold comparison subcircuit, and a control subcircuit, wherein: The output terminal of the hydrogen concentration sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit. The output terminal of the temperature sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit. The output terminal of the pressure sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit. The output terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit. The second input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit serves as the second input port of the ship safety monitoring circuit, and the output terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit is electrically connected to the input terminal of the control sub-circuit. The output terminal of the control sub-circuit serves as the output port of the ship safety monitoring circuit.

2. A marine safety monitoring circuit according to claim 1, characterised in that, The signal conversion sub-circuit includes a signal acquisition module and a signal conversion module, wherein: The input terminal of the signal acquisition module serves as the input terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit and is electrically connected to the output terminal of the hydrogen concentration sensor sub-circuit. The input terminal of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the temperature sensor sub-circuit, the input terminal of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the pressure sensor sub-circuit, and the output terminal of the signal acquisition module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the signal conversion module. The output terminal of the signal conversion module serves as the output terminal of the signal conversion sub-circuit and is electrically connected to the first input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit.

3. The ship safety monitoring circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The signal conversion module is an ADC chip.

4. The ship safety monitoring circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The threshold comparator sub-circuit is a voltage comparator LM393.

5. A ship safety monitoring circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The control sub-circuit includes an instruction conversion module and a control output module, wherein: The input terminal of the instruction conversion module serves as the input terminal of the control sub-circuit and is electrically connected to the output terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit. The output terminal of the instruction conversion module is electrically connected to the input terminal of the control output module. The output terminal of the control output module serves as the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

6. A ship safety monitoring circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The instruction conversion module is an Altera EPM1270T144C5 CPLD chip.

7. A ship safety monitoring device, characterized in that, The device is equipped with a ship safety monitoring circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; the device includes a first input interface, a second input interface, a third input interface, a fourth input interface, and an output interface; wherein: The input terminal of the hydrogen concentration sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the first input interface; The input terminal of the temperature sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the second input interface; The input terminal of the pressure sensor sub-circuit is electrically connected to the third input interface; The second input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit is electrically connected to the fourth input interface; The output interface is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

8. A ship safety monitoring system, characterized in that, Includes the ship safety monitoring circuit and external control sub-circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 6; wherein: The input terminal of the external control sub-circuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit. The output terminal of the external control sub-circuit is electrically connected to the second input terminal of the threshold comparison sub-circuit.

9. A ship safety monitoring system according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes execution and alarm sub-circuits; wherein: The input terminal of the execution and alarm subcircuit is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control subcircuit.

10. A ship safety monitoring system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The execution and alarm sub-circuit includes a display module, an alarm module, a ventilation module, a fire extinguishing module, and a cut-off module; wherein: The control terminal of the display module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit. The control terminal of the alarm module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit. The control terminal of the ventilation module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit. The control terminal of the fire extinguishing module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit. The control terminal of the cut-off module is electrically connected to the output terminal of the control sub-circuit.

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