A photovoltaic panel, photovoltaic assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses a photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic module are applied to photovoltaic technical field, and photovoltaic panel includes the front glass, cell piece and back glass of laminated arrangement, and the front glass includes: front glass body and first front film layer, and first front film layer is located the side of front glass body close to cell piece, and back glass includes: back glass body and first back film layer, and first back film layer is located the side of back glass body close to cell piece, and first front film layer and / or first back film layer include laminatedly arranged first barrier layer and second barrier layer, and first barrier layer is close to cell piece setting, and the refractive index of first barrier layer is less than the refractive index of second barrier layer. The photovoltaic panel provided by the utility model has the function of increasing the penetration for the light entering the inside of photovoltaic panel, improves the utilization of light energy, has the good blocking effect to the metal ions such as sodium ion, calcium ion from glass, and improves the PID resistance of the photovoltaic panel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic panel and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] Potential-Induced Degradation (PID) refers to the power degradation phenomenon that occurs in solar cells under a certain external voltage. In practical photovoltaic power plants, photovoltaic modules are usually connected in series to achieve a high DC voltage, depending on the DC input voltage requirements of the inverter. However, in such high-voltage photovoltaic strings, a high potential difference can easily occur between a single photovoltaic module and the ground. Under the combined influence of potential difference, temperature, and humidity, photovoltaic modules are highly susceptible to PID, leading to reduced output power and reliability, and affecting the performance of the entire photovoltaic power generation system. PID mechanisms include leakage-induced PID (PID-s), polarization-induced PID (PID-p), corrosion-induced PID (PID-c), and sodium-permeation-induced PID. Most of these PID mechanisms are related to sodium ions. Therefore, sodium ions have become a significant factor contributing to the PID phenomenon in solar cells.

[0003] In related technologies, the PID phenomenon in photovoltaic modules is often reduced by adding a reflective film to the photovoltaic panel. However, since most of the glass materials used in photovoltaic modules are soda-lime glass, the PID phenomenon is quite serious, and the PID attenuation effect of related technologies is poor.

[0004] Therefore, how to reduce the risk of PID degradation in photovoltaic panels is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic module that can significantly improve anti-PID performance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A photovoltaic panel includes a front glass, solar cells, and a back glass stacked together. The front glass includes a front glass body and a first front film layer, wherein the first front film layer is located on the side of the front glass body close to the solar cells.

[0008] The back glass includes: a back glass body and a first back film layer, wherein the first back film layer is located on the side of the back glass body close to the battery cell;

[0009] The first front film layer and / or the first back film layer include a first barrier layer and a second barrier layer stacked together, the first barrier layer being disposed close to the battery cell, and the refractive index of the first barrier layer being less than the refractive index of the second barrier layer.

[0010] On the other hand, the first front film layer and / or the first back film layer includes a third barrier layer, wherein the first barrier layer, the second barrier layer and the third barrier layer are disposed sequentially, and the refractive index of the second barrier layer is greater than that of the first barrier layer and the third barrier layer.

[0011] On the other hand, the refractive indices of the first barrier layer and the third barrier layer are both 1.4-1.8, and the refractive index of the second barrier layer is 1.9-2.5.

[0012] On the other hand, the material of the first barrier layer and / or the third barrier layer is one or more of silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride and aluminum oxide; the material of the second barrier layer is silicon nitride.

[0013] On the other hand, the front glass also includes a second front film layer, which is located on the side of the front glass body away from the battery cell. The second front film layer includes several sub-film layers, and the refractive index of the second front film layer gradually increases from the sub-film layers away from the battery cell to the sub-film layers closer to the battery cell.

[0014] On the other hand, the back glass also includes a second back film layer, which is located on the side of the back glass body away from the battery cell. The second back film layer includes a plurality of sub-film layers, and the refractive index of the second back film layer gradually increases from the sub-film layers away from the battery cell to the sub-film layers closer to the battery cell.

[0015] On the other hand, the material of the stroboscopic membrane is one or more of silicon oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium fluoride, and zirconium oxide.

[0016] On the other hand, a front adhesive film is provided between the front glass and the battery cell, and a back adhesive film is provided between the back glass and the battery cell.

[0017] On the other hand, the first barrier layer and / or the second barrier layer includes a plurality of sub-film layers, and the refractive index of the first barrier layer and / or the second barrier layer gradually increases from the sub-film layer away from the battery cell to the sub-film layer closer to the battery cell.

[0018] This utility model also provides a photovoltaic module, including the photovoltaic panel described in any one of the above.

[0019] The photovoltaic panel provided by this utility model includes a front glass, solar cells, and a back glass stacked together. The front glass includes a front glass body and a first front film layer, the first front film layer being located on the side of the front glass body closest to the solar cells. The back glass includes a back glass body and a first back film layer, the first back film layer being located on the side of the back glass body closest to the solar cells. The first front film layer and / or the first back film layer includes a first barrier layer and a second barrier layer stacked together, the first barrier layer being located close to the solar cells, and the refractive index of the first barrier layer being less than that of the second barrier layer. The photovoltaic panel provided by this utility model, by setting the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer in the first front film layer and the first back film layer, and by optimizing the refractive index, has an anti-reflection function for light entering the photovoltaic panel, further improving the light energy utilization rate. At the same time, the first barrier layer and the second barrier layer have a good blocking effect on metal ions such as sodium ions and calcium ions from the glass, preventing the migration of metal ions such as sodium ions and calcium ions to the solar cells, thus improving the anti-PID performance of the photovoltaic panel.

[0020] The photovoltaic module provided by this utility model is provided with the above-mentioned photovoltaic panel. Since the photovoltaic panel has the above-mentioned technical effects, the photovoltaic module provided with the photovoltaic panel should also have the corresponding technical effects. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the photovoltaic panel provided by this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the front glass in the photovoltaic panel.

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the back glass in the photovoltaic panel.

[0025] Figure label:

[0026] Front glass 1; front glass body 11; first front film layer 12; second front film layer 13; front adhesive film 2; battery cell 3; back adhesive film 4; back glass 5; back glass body 51; first back film layer 52; second back film layer 53; first barrier layer 61; second barrier layer 62; third barrier layer 63. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The core of this invention is to provide a photovoltaic panel and photovoltaic module that can improve the reliability of the photovoltaic panel and reduce power degradation.

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the photovoltaic panel provided by this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the front glass in the photovoltaic panel. Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of the back glass in the photovoltaic panel.

[0030] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel includes a front glass 1, a solar cell 3 and a back glass 5 stacked together. The front glass 1 includes a front glass body 11 and a first front film layer 12, with the first front film layer 12 located on the side of the front glass body 11 close to the solar cell 3.

[0031] The back glass 5 includes: a back glass body 51 and a first back film layer 52, wherein the first back film layer 52 is located on the side of the back glass body 51 that is close to the battery cell 3;

[0032] The first front film layer 12 and / or the first back film layer 52 include a first barrier layer 61 and a second barrier layer 62 stacked together. That is, at least one of the first front film layer 12 and the first back film layer 52 includes a first barrier layer 61 and a second barrier layer 62. The first barrier layer 61 is disposed close to the battery cell 3, and the refractive index of the first barrier layer 61 is less than the refractive index of the second barrier layer 62.

[0033] Specifically, the photovoltaic panel is provided from top to bottom with a front glass body 11, a first front film layer 12, a solar cell 3, a first back film layer 52, and a back glass body 51. The first front film layer 12 is located between the front glass body 11 and the solar cell 3, and the first back film layer 52 is located between the back glass body 51 and the solar cell 3. The number of barrier layers in the first front film layer 12 and the first back film layer 52 can be two or more. When light is transmitted to the interface between two adjacent barrier layers, the reflected light cancels out, thereby improving the transmittance.

[0034] The photovoltaic panel provided by this utility model has a light transmission enhancement function for light entering the photovoltaic panel by setting a first barrier layer 61 and a second barrier layer 62 in the first front film layer 12 and the first back film layer 52, and by optimizing the refractive index, thereby further improving the light energy utilization rate. At the same time, the first barrier layer 61 and the second barrier layer 62 have a good blocking effect on metal ions such as sodium ions and calcium ions from the glass, preventing the migration of metal ions such as sodium ions and calcium ions to the solar cell 3, thus improving the anti-PID performance of the photovoltaic panel.

[0035] In some embodiments, the first front film layer 12 and / or the first back film layer 52 include a third barrier layer 63, that is, at least one of the first front film layer 12 and the first back film layer 52 includes a third barrier layer 63. The first barrier layer 61, the second barrier layer 62, and the third barrier layer 63 are arranged sequentially, and the refractive index of the second barrier layer 62 is greater than that of the first barrier layer 61 and the third barrier layer 63. Specifically, by setting the refractive index of the second barrier layer 62 to be larger, interference can be eliminated, thereby increasing the projection effect.

[0036] In some embodiments, the first front film layer 12 and / or the first back film layer 52 may also include a fourth barrier layer. That is, the number of barrier layers in the first front film layer 12 and / or the first back film layer 52 may be greater. When there are multiple barrier layers, the refractive index of the barrier layer located in the middle position should be greater than the refractive index of the barrier layers located on both sides, thereby increasing the transmittance.

[0037] In some embodiments, the refractive indices of the first barrier layer 61 and the third barrier layer 63 are both 1.4-1.8, and the refractive index of the second barrier layer 62 is 1.9-2.5. Specifically, by setting the refractive indices of the first barrier layer 61 and the third barrier layer 63 to be the same, the first barrier layer 61 and the third barrier layer 63 can be made of the same material, which is convenient to source and easy to arrange. Of course, provided that the refractive index meets the requirements, the refractive indices of the first barrier layer 61 and the third barrier layer 63 can also be different, as long as they are less than the refractive index of the second barrier layer 62.

[0038] In some embodiments, the first barrier layer 61 and / or the third barrier layer 63 are made of one or more of silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, and aluminum oxide; the second barrier layer 62 is made of silicon nitride. Specifically, silicon nitride has a higher refractive index than silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, and aluminum oxide. Therefore, silicon nitride is chosen as the material for the second barrier layer 62, resulting in the highest refractive index for the second barrier layer 62 located in the middle layer. According to the principle of light interference, this arrangement can achieve destructive interference and increase the transmission effect.

[0039] In some embodiments, the front glass 1 further includes a second front film layer 13, which is located on the side of the front glass body 11 facing away from the solar cell 3. The second front film layer 13 includes several sub-film layers, and the refractive index of the sub-film layers in the second front film layer 13 gradually increases from the sub-film layers facing away from the solar cell 3 to the sub-film layers closer to the solar cell 3. Specifically, by setting the second front film layer 13 on the side of the front glass body 11 facing away from the solar cell 3, i.e., the air surface of the front glass body 11, and by having the refractive index of each sub-film layer in the second front film layer 13 change in a gradient, this design has a better anti-reflection effect, achieving efficient utilization of incident and scattered light from the front of the photovoltaic panel, and improving the light energy utilization and conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel.

[0040] In some embodiments, the back glass 5 further includes a second back film layer 53, which is located on the side of the back glass body 51 facing away from the solar cell 3. The second back film layer 53 includes several sub-film layers, and the refractive index of the sub-film layers in the second back film layer 53 gradually increases from the sub-film layers facing away from the solar cell 3 to the sub-film layers closer to the solar cell 3. Specifically, by setting the second back film layer 53 on the side of the back glass body 51 facing away from the solar cell 3, i.e., the air surface of the back glass body 51, and by having the refractive index of each sub-film layer in the second back film layer 53 change in a gradient, this design has a better anti-reflection effect, achieving efficient utilization of incident and scattered light from the back of the photovoltaic panel, and improving the light energy utilization and conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic panel.

[0041] In some embodiments, the sub-film layer is made of one or more of silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium fluoride, and zirconium oxide. Silicon dioxide has high transparency, excellent durability, moderate refractive index, and strong chemical stability. Titanium dioxide has high refractive index, resistance to acid and alkali corrosion, and good thermal stability, which can reduce reflection and enhance color performance. Magnesium fluoride has low reflectivity, high transmittance, wear resistance, and stable chemical properties. Zirconia has high refractive index, high temperature resistance, high hardness, and stable chemical properties. In actual use, the material type can be selected according to needs. Of course, other material types can also be selected, and it is not limited to the type selection given in this embodiment.

[0042] In some embodiments, a front adhesive film 2 is provided between the front glass 1 and the solar cell 3, and a back adhesive film 4 is provided between the back glass 5 and the solar cell 3. Specifically, the front adhesive film 2 and the back adhesive film 4 can tightly bond the solar cell 3 to the front glass 1 and the back glass 5, forming a stable structure and preventing displacement and mechanical damage; the front adhesive film 2 and the back adhesive film 4 can provide light transmission protection, providing high light transmittance, reducing light reflection loss, and improving light energy utilization; moreover, they can block external environmental corrosion such as water vapor and oxygen, reducing the risk of corrosion of the solar cell 3 and extending the module life; they can also maintain the electrical insulation between the solar cell 3 and other components and provide structural support.

[0043] In some embodiments, the first barrier layer 61 and / or the second barrier layer 62 include several self-film layers, and at least one of the first barrier layer 61 and the second barrier layer 62 includes several self-film layers. Furthermore, the refractive index of the sub-film layers in the first barrier layer 61 and / or the second barrier layer 62 gradually increases from the sub-film layer away from the battery cell 3 to the sub-film layer closer to the battery cell 3. Specifically, the first barrier layer 61 and / or the second barrier layer 62 includes at least one dense film sub-film layer for blocking metal ions. A dense film, also known as a non-porous membrane, is a permeable inorganic or polymer membrane, which is beneficial for blocking metal ions.

[0044] In some embodiments, the third barrier layer 63 also includes several sub-film layers, and the refractive index of the sub-film layers in the third barrier layer 63 gradually increases from the sub-film layers away from the battery cell 3 to the sub-film layers closer to the battery cell 3, in order to block metal ions such as sodium ions and calcium ions in the glass.

[0045] Specifically, in one embodiment, the photovoltaic panel includes a front glass 1, a front encapsulating film 2, a solar cell 3, a back encapsulating film 4, and a back glass 5. The front glass 1 includes a front glass body 11, a first front film layer 12, and a second front film layer 13. The back glass 5 includes a back glass body 51, a first back film layer 52, and a second back film layer 53. The second front film layer 13 and the second back film layer 53 contain multiple sub-film layers made of silicon oxide. By controlling the porosity of each silicon oxide film layer, the refractive index of each film layer changes in a gradient from top to bottom. Specifically, the refractive index of each sub-film layer in the second front film layer 13 increases in a gradient from top to bottom, and the refractive index of each sub-film layer in the second back film layer 53 increases in a gradient from bottom to top. Since there is no abrupt change in refractive index in these sub-film layers, they have the advantages of broad spectrum and omnidirectional anti-reflection, which greatly improves the light transmittance of the front glass 1.

[0046] Both the first front film layer 12 and the first back film layer 52 include a first barrier layer 61, a second barrier layer 62, and a third barrier layer 63, with the refractive index of the second barrier layer 62 being greater than that of the first barrier layer 61 and the third barrier layer 63. The first barrier layer 61 is an alumina film, the second barrier layer 62 is silicon nitride glass, and the third barrier layer 63 is an alumina film. Each barrier layer contains multiple sub-film layers, and the refractive index of each sub-film layer changes in a gradient from top to bottom. Specifically, the refractive index of the sub-film layers in each barrier layer of the first front film layer 12 increases in a gradient from top to bottom, and the refractive index of the sub-film layers in each barrier layer of the first back film layer 52 increases in a gradient from bottom to top. This optimized design of the refractive index of the barrier layers further increases the light energy utilization rate of the photovoltaic panel. In addition, the dense barrier layer effectively blocks metal ions such as sodium ions and calcium ions from the glass, preventing these metal ions from migrating to the solar cell 3 and improving the module's anti-PID performance and reliability.

[0047] In addition to the photovoltaic panel mentioned above, this utility model also provides a photovoltaic module including the photovoltaic panel mentioned above. For the structure of other parts of the photovoltaic module, please refer to the relevant technology, which will not be repeated here.

[0048] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0049] The photovoltaic panel provided by this utility model has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic panel, comprising a front glass (1), solar cells (3), and a back glass (5) stacked together, characterized in that, The front glass (1) includes: a front glass body (11) and a first front film layer (12), wherein the first front film layer (12) is located on the side of the front glass body (11) close to the battery cell (3); The back glass (5) includes: a back glass body (51) and a first back film layer (52), wherein the first back film layer (52) is located on the side of the back glass body (51) close to the battery cell (3); The first front film layer (12) and / or the first back film layer (52) include a first barrier layer (61) and a second barrier layer (62) stacked together. The first barrier layer (61) is disposed close to the battery cell (3), and the refractive index of the first barrier layer (61) is less than the refractive index of the second barrier layer (62).

2. The photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first front film layer (12) and / or the first back film layer (52) include a third barrier layer (63), wherein the first barrier layer (61), the second barrier layer (62) and the third barrier layer (63) are disposed sequentially, and the second barrier layer (62) has a greater refractive index than the first barrier layer (61) and the third barrier layer (63).

3. The photovoltaic panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The refractive indices of the first barrier layer (61) and the third barrier layer (63) are both 1.4-1.8, and the refractive index of the second barrier layer (62) is 1.9-2.

5.

4. The photovoltaic panel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first barrier layer (61) and / or the third barrier layer (63) are made of one of silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride and aluminum oxide; the second barrier layer (62) is made of silicon nitride.

5. The photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front glass (1) further includes a second front film layer (13), which is located on the side of the front glass body (11) away from the battery cell (3). The second front film layer (13) includes several sub-film layers, and the refractive index of the second front film layer (13) gradually increases from the sub-film layer away from the battery cell (3) to the sub-film layer closer to the battery cell (3).

6. The photovoltaic panel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The back glass (5) further includes a second back film layer (53), which is located on the side of the back glass body (51) away from the battery cell (3). The second back film layer (53) includes a plurality of sub-film layers, and the refractive index of the second back film layer (53) gradually increases from the sub-film layer away from the battery cell (3) to the sub-film layer closer to the battery cell (3).

7. The photovoltaic panel according to claim 5, characterized in that, The material of the sub-film layer is one of silicon oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium fluoride, and zirconium oxide.

8. The photovoltaic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, A front adhesive film (2) is provided between the front glass (1) and the battery cell (3), and a back adhesive film (4) is provided between the back glass (5) and the battery cell (3).

9. The photovoltaic panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The first barrier layer (61) and / or the second barrier layer (62) include a plurality of sub-film layers, and the refractive index of the first barrier layer (61) and / or the second barrier layer (62) gradually increases from the sub-film layer away from the battery cell (3) to the sub-film layer closer to the battery cell (3).

10. A photovoltaic module, comprising a photovoltaic panel, characterized in that, The photovoltaic panel is the photovoltaic panel described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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