Oil and gas separator for narrow spaces

Abstract

The utility model discloses an oil gas separator in the field of oil gas separator suitable for long and narrow space, including with long and narrow space adaptation's box body and box cover, the lowest place of box body is provided with fuel tank interface, the highest place is provided with carbon tank interface, be provided with the baffle and the flow resistance plate in the box body, the baffle is located the baffle top, the baffle and the flow resistance plate divide the box body inner chamber into first cavity and second cavity, the first cavity lower part is narrow mouth drainage area, and the upper part is diffusion separation area, and the second cavity top is exhaust area, and the middle part is separation area, and the bottom is liquid storage area, and exhaust area is provided with coalescence filter board, and separation area is provided with labyrinth structure, and liquid storage area is provided with a plurality of anti overflow baffle, and the baffle top and the baffle bottom between leaving the vent of intercommunication first cavity and second cavity, and the baffle bottom and the box body inner wall between leaving the backflow mouth. The utility model realizes multistage depth separation of oil gas mixture in the limited height and width.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of oil-gas separator technology, and specifically relates to an oil-gas separator suitable for narrow spaces. Background Technology

[0002] In automotive fuel vapor emission control systems, the fuel-air separator is a key component ensuring the proper functioning of the carbon canister and meeting stringent emission standards. Its core function is to efficiently separate liquid fuel particles from the fuel vapor before it enters the carbon canister, preventing liquid fuel from flooding the canister and causing it to malfunction, which in turn leads to loss of the carbon canister's adsorption function, excessive emissions, and abnormal engine operation.

[0003] Traditional oil-gas separators typically employ cylindrical or cubic structures, relying on gravity settling, inertial impaction, or filter media interception to achieve separation. However, modern automotive design increasingly emphasizes compactness, especially for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and battery electric vehicles (BEVs), which require integrating numerous components within narrow spaces such as the chassis, wheel arches, or body longitudinal beams. Existing separators, due to their large size and limited shape, are ill-suited for such irregular spaces. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an oil-gas separator suitable for narrow spaces, solving the problems of efficient separation and reliable overflow prevention under the constraints of narrow spaces, and achieving multi-stage deep separation of oil-gas mixtures within limited height and width.

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is achieved as follows: An oil-gas separator suitable for narrow spaces includes a box body and a box cover adapted to the narrow space. The lowest point of the box body is provided with a fuel tank interface, and the highest point is provided with a carbon canister interface. A guide plate and a baffle plate are provided inside the box body. The guide plate is positioned corresponding to the fuel tank interface, and the baffle plate is located above the guide plate. The guide plate and the baffle plate divide the inner cavity of the box body into a first cavity and a second cavity. The lower part of the first cavity is a narrow-mouth drainage area, and the upper part is a diffusion separation area. The top of the second cavity is an exhaust area, the middle part is a separation area, and the bottom is a liquid storage area. The exhaust area is provided with a coalescing filter plate, the separation area is provided with a labyrinth structure, and the liquid storage area is provided with several anti-overflow plates. A vent is provided between the top of the guide plate and the bottom of the baffle plate to connect the first cavity and the second cavity, and a return port is provided between the bottom of the guide plate and the inner wall of the box body.

[0006] In use, the oil and gas inlet enters the first chamber through the fuel tank interface for pre-separation. Under the combined action of the guide plate and the inner wall of the chamber, the high-speed oil and gas are forced through the narrow opening. The resulting turbulence causes large-diameter oil droplets to collide with the guide plate and the wall surface for pre-condensation and is then guided downwards. As the oil and gas continue to rise, the flow velocity decreases significantly due to the expansion of the channel, and medium-diameter oil droplets are separated by gravity settling and inertia. Under the action of the baffle plate, the airflow is forced to enter the second chamber through the vent for deep separation. The labyrinth structure forces the airflow to change direction multiple times, increasing the probability of collision between the oil and gas and the wall surface, and separating tiny oil droplets by inertia. The coalescing filter plate performs the final interception of extremely small oil mist that escapes. The overflow prevention plate effectively prevents the liquid from violently shaking and splashing when the vehicle accelerates, brakes, turns, or bumps, and avoids the liquid fuel in the reservoir area being re-entrained by the high-speed airflow or overflowing into the carbon canister through the carbon canister interface.

[0007] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this utility model are as follows: its elongated shape can be seamlessly embedded into the narrow and long spaces commonly found in vehicle chassis or engine compartments, breaking through the limitations of traditional separators that require high installation space; it optimizes the internal structure within a limited longitudinal space, maximizing space utilization; the design of a guide vane combined with a baffle plate forces the airflow to flow along the designed path, completing the initial and efficient removal of large and medium-sized oil droplets in the first chamber, while the second chamber focuses on fine filtration and small oil droplet coalescence, together achieving high separation efficiency and reducing emissions; utilizing the principle of gravity, the separated liquid is more likely to flow back or be stored at the bottom, reducing the possibility of being carried away by the airflow, and the purified gas is discharged from the middle and high position more purely.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the guide plate is an outwardly curved arc plate.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the flow-blocking plate is a bent plate with the upper part bent downward.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the coalescing filter plate is a porous plate made of oleophilic fiber material.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the maze structure includes several baffles arranged in an alternating pattern.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the overflow prevention plate is a corrugated baffle.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, an air hole is provided at the lowest point of the upper part of the flow barrier plate. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box body of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0016] The components include: 1. Box body, 2. Box cover, 3. Fuel tank interface, 4. Carbon canister interface, 5. Flow deflector, 6. Baffle plate, 7. Narrow opening drainage area, 8. Diffusion separation area, 9. Exhaust area, 10. Separation area, 11. Liquid storage area, 12. Coalescing filter plate, 13. Labyrinth structure, 14. Overflow prevention plate, 15. Vent, 16. Return port, and 17. Air hole. Detailed Implementation

[0017] like Figure 1-2 As shown, an oil-gas separator suitable for narrow spaces includes a box body 1 and a box cover 2 adapted to the narrow space. The lowest point of the box body 1 is provided with a fuel tank interface 3, and the highest point is provided with a carbon canister interface 4. Inside the box body 1, there is a guide plate 5 and a baffle plate 6. The guide plate 5 is set corresponding to the fuel tank interface 3, and the baffle plate 6 is located above the guide plate 5. The guide plate 5 and the baffle plate 6 divide the inner cavity of the box body 1 into a first cavity and a second cavity. The lower part of the first cavity is a narrow-mouth drainage area 7, and the upper part is a diffusion separation area 8. The top of the second cavity is an exhaust area 9, the middle part is a separation area 10, and the bottom is a liquid storage area 11. The exhaust area 9 is provided with a coalescing filter plate 12, the separation area 10 is provided with a labyrinth structure 13, and the liquid storage area 11 is provided with several anti-overflow plates 14. A vent 15 connecting the first cavity and the second cavity is left between the top of the guide plate 5 and the bottom of the baffle plate 6, and a return port 16 is left between the bottom of the guide plate 5 and the inner wall of the box body 1.

[0018] To guide oil and gas into the separation zone 10 and create a "diversion and diffusion effect," the guide plate 5 is designed as an outwardly curved arc plate. The convex arc shape increases the collision area of ​​oil droplets, making it easier for small oil droplets to coalesce into larger droplets after impacting the plate surface. Surface tension causes the oil droplets to slide down the curved surface and flow back into the oil tank. The baffle plate 6 is a bent plate with the upper part bent downward, and an air hole 17 is opened at the lowest point of the upper part. The airflow accelerates in the bending zone, enhancing the inertial collision effect of oil droplets. After the airflow enters the bending zone, the flow channel suddenly expands, and the flow velocity increases rapidly. The oil droplets settle completely; the coalescing filter plate 12 is a porous plate made of oleophilic fiber material. When the gas passes through the porous plate, the extremely fine droplets are intercepted and adsorbed by the fibers. The droplets coalesce on the fiber surface and merge into larger droplets that drip under the action of gravity; the labyrinth structure 13 includes four staggered baffles, and the overflow prevention plate 14 is a corrugated baffle that divides the liquid storage area 11 into several sub-chambers. When the vehicle tilts, the liquid in the high-level chamber is blocked by the wave crest, while the low-level chamber acts as a buffer to receive the overflow.

[0019] The advantages of this invention are as follows: by employing a progressive multi-stage separation strategy of narrow-orifice diversion (acceleration collision) → diffusion deceleration (gravitational settling) → maze turning (inertial collision) → coalescence filtration (interception coalescence), efficient gas-liquid separation is achieved in a compact space; the complex internal baffles greatly extend and optimize the flow path of oil and gas in the limited space, increasing the chance of oil droplets colliding with the wall surface, and the narrow-orifice and diffusion zone design overcomes the shortcomings of short paths; by setting a coalescence filter plate 12 at the end of the exhaust path, submicron-sized oil mist particles remaining after the pre-stage separation are specifically captured, ensuring the purity of the gas entering the carbon canister or the atmosphere and meeting stringent emission standards.

[0020] This utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Based on the technical solutions disclosed in this utility model, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and modifications to some of the technical features without creative labor, and these substitutions and modifications are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An oil-gas separator suitable for narrow spaces, comprising a housing and a cover adapted to the narrow space, wherein a fuel tank interface is provided at the lowest point of the housing and a carbon canister interface is provided at the highest point, characterized in that, The box is equipped with a guide plate and a baffle plate. The guide plate is positioned corresponding to the fuel tank interface, and the baffle plate is located above the guide plate. The guide plate and the baffle plate divide the internal cavity of the box into a first cavity and a second cavity. The lower part of the first cavity is a narrow-mouth drainage area, and the upper part is a diffusion separation area. The top of the second cavity is an exhaust area, the middle part is a separation area, and the bottom is a liquid storage area. The exhaust area is equipped with a coalescing filter plate, the separation area is equipped with a labyrinth structure, and the liquid storage area is equipped with several anti-overflow plates. A vent is provided between the top of the guide plate and the bottom of the baffle plate to connect the first cavity and the second cavity, and a return port is provided between the bottom of the guide plate and the inner wall of the box.

2. The oil-gas separator suitable for narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide plate is an outwardly curved arc plate.

3. The oil-gas separator suitable for narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow-blocking plate is a bent plate with the upper part bent downwards.

4. An oil-gas separator suitable for narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coalescing filter plate is a porous plate made of oleophilic fiber material.

5. An oil-gas separator suitable for narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The maze structure includes several staggered baffles.

6. An oil-gas separator suitable for narrow spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overflow prevention plate is a corrugated baffle.

7. An oil-gas separator suitable for narrow spaces according to claim 3, characterized in that, An air hole is provided at the lowest point of the upper part of the baffle plate.

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