Horizontal broaching machine for face gear machining

Abstract

This invention provides a horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth, comprising: a base, a fixture body, a bed, a broach, and a drive assembly. The bed is horizontally mounted on the base, and the fixture body is vertically mounted on the base and moved towards the bed via a sliding device. The broach is mounted on a side surface of the bed near the fixture body via the drive assembly and can be driven to move axially along the bed via the drive assembly. The drive assembly includes a drive motor, a guide rail, a drive screw, and a main slide plate. The main slide plate is mounted on the bed via the cooperation of the guide rail and the drive screw and can be controlled to move axially along the bed via the drive screw. This invention, through the integrated main slide plate structure and the cooperation of the guide rail and the drive screw, ensures the straightness of the broach's movement trajectory, reduces tooth pitch deviation, and improves machining accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of end face tooth processing machinery, and in particular to a horizontal broaching machine for end face tooth processing. Background Technology

[0002] A broaching machine is a machine tool that uses a broach to shape the inner and outer surfaces of a workpiece. Broaching typically achieves high dimensional accuracy and low surface roughness. During machining, the workpiece is usually stationary, while the broach moves linearly under the drive of a transmission device to complete the machining. This machining method not only produces high-precision products but also has high production efficiency, making it suitable for mass production. However, when machining end face teeth on a traditional horizontal broaching machine, the workpiece needs to be disassembled and re-clamped multiple times to complete all processes (such as chip removal, inspection, or step-by-step broaching). This not only increases operational complexity but also leads to a decrease in machining accuracy due to repeated positioning errors. It also significantly increases the labor intensity of workers. Furthermore, existing broaching machine fixtures mostly use an outer ring clamping method, which is difficult to resist the radial thrust generated by the cutting tool during broaching, causing micro-displacement or vibration of the workpiece and resulting in out-of-tolerance tooth profile symmetry.

[0003] The prior art CN202222490420.5 discloses a broaching machine for machining end faces, including: a tool holder support mechanism with a tool slidably mounted thereon; a machining platform with a fixture body slidably mounted thereon for clamping the workpiece, and connected to a first driving device for driving its sliding; the sliding direction of the fixture body is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the tool; a limiting baffle is set on the sliding path of the fixture body for limiting the sliding endpoint of the fixture body; a limiting device is installed on the machining platform and cooperates with the limiting baffle for fixing the position of the fixture body. Although this solution effectively achieves precise limiting of the fixture body by setting the limiting baffle and the limiting device, the following problems still exist:

[0004] 1. Existing technology does not adopt an integral main slide structure and still continues the split design. When the slide's running trajectory exceeds the linear guide, the rigidity is reduced due to insufficient support of the overhanging part. Especially under the condition of large cutting volume, the main slide is prone to elastic deformation, which directly affects the straightness of the broach's movement trajectory and causes the tooth pitch deviation of the end face tooth machining to exceed the tolerance.

[0005] 2. Existing technology still uses the outer ring to clamp the workpiece without introducing an inner hole expansion sleeve positioning structure. This makes it easy for indentation damage to the outer surface of the workpiece to occur during the clamping process. Furthermore, it is impossible to drive the expansion sleeve to evenly clamp the workpiece through the built-in oil cylinder. Under the radial thrust of the broach, the workpiece is prone to micro-displacement, which affects the machining accuracy of the end face teeth. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth. Through the cooperation of the integral main slide structure, guide slide rail and drive screw, the straightness of the broach movement trajectory is ensured, the tooth pitch deviation is reduced, and the machining accuracy is improved.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is:

[0008] A horizontal broaching machine for machining face teeth is provided, comprising: a base, a fixture body, a bed, a broach, and a drive assembly. The bed is horizontally mounted on the base, and the fixture body is mounted vertically on the base and is pushed to move towards the bed by a sliding device. The broach is mounted on the side surface of the bed near the fixture body by the drive assembly and can be driven to move along the axial direction of the bed by the drive assembly.

[0009] The drive assembly includes a drive motor, a guide rail, a drive screw, and a main slide plate. The drive screw is arranged in a receiving groove on one side of the bed along the axial direction of the bed and is connected to the drive motor. The guide rail is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bed along the axial direction of the drive screw. The main slide plate is arranged on the bed through the cooperation of the guide rail and the drive screw, and can be moved along the axial direction of the bed by the drive of the drive screw. The baffle is detachably fixed on the main slide plate along the axial direction of the main slide plate.

[0010] It should be noted that the base provides a rigid foundation support for the entire equipment, ensuring machining stability; the fixture body is pushed towards the bed for precise movement via a sliding device, enabling rapid workpiece positioning and clamping; the horizontally positioned bed serves as the core load-bearing structure, providing a high-rigidity mounting reference for the drive components; the broach is detachably mounted on the side surface of the bed and controlled by the drive components to move linearly along the bed axis, directly completing the end face broaching machining; the drive motor drives the lead screw to rotate through the transmission system; the guide rails symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lead screw cooperate with the main slide plate to eliminate motion eccentricity; the drive lead screw converts the motor's rotational motion into precise linear feed; the main slide plate integrates the broach mounting function and moves along the guide rails via the lead screw drive. The integrated main slide plate structure avoids the problem of insufficient support and rigidity reduction caused by the existing split design, making the main slide plate less prone to elastic deformation under heavy cutting conditions, ensuring the straightness of the broach's movement trajectory, reducing the deviation of the end face tooth machining pitch, and improving machining quality.

[0011] Preferably, the main slide plate includes a slider and a mounting plate. The slider is evenly distributed on the mounting plate corresponding to the guide rail. The mounting plate is parallel to the side of the bed through the cooperation of the slider and the guide rail. A mounting seat for fixing the puller is provided along its axial direction on the side of the mounting plate away from the bed. The puller is detachably fixed on the mounting seat.

[0012] It should be noted that the main slide plate adopts a split modular design. The sliders are evenly distributed on the mounting plate corresponding to the guide rails to achieve balanced load distribution and avoid abnormal wear caused by uneven load. The mounting plate is attached to the side of the machine bed in parallel with the sliders and guide rails through a precise fit, forming a stable support throughout the entire stroke. A dedicated mounting seat axially set on the side of the mounting plate away from the machine bed provides a reference positioning surface for the broach. The mounting plate slides on the guide rails via the sliders, thereby driving the mounting seat and broach to move. The broach can be detached and fixed on the mounting seat for easy replacement. The evenly distributed sliders increase the support points of the main slide plate, enhance its rigidity and stability, avoid elastic deformation due to insufficient support, ensure the straightness of the broach's movement trajectory, and thus improve the machining accuracy of the end face teeth.

[0013] Preferably, the broach includes a cutting blade and a tool holder. The cutting blade is fixed on the tool holder along the axial direction of the tool holder. A vertical T-slot is provided on the mounting base. A T-shaped locking block is provided at the bottom of the tool holder corresponding to the T-slot. The locking block is engaged with the T-slot and is locked onto the mounting base. A clamping block is provided on the upper and lower mounting plates of the mounting base. The clamping block can clamp the upper and lower sides of the tool holder.

[0014] It should be noted that the broach adopts a separate design for the cutting insert and the tool holder. The cutting insert is axially fixed to the tool holder to form a modular tool unit, enabling quick replacement of the cutting insert after wear. The mounting base has a vertical T-slot that forms a mortise and tenon fit with the T-shaped locking block at the bottom of the tool holder, and the tool is initially positioned radially by pushing it in horizontally. The upper and lower clamping blocks apply a bidirectional vertical clamping force to the tool holder, forming a triple constraint mechanism with the T-slot. On the one hand, the structural fit between the T-slot and the locking block allows for accurate alignment of the tool holder without complex adjustments during installation, reducing tool installation time and improving production preparation efficiency. On the other hand, the clamping blocks effectively resist the cutting forces and vibrations generated during broaching, preventing the cutting insert from shifting due to uneven force and ensuring the accuracy of the broach's movement trajectory.

[0015] Preferably, the clamping block includes a clamping screw and a clamping washer. The clamping screw is disposed on a mounting plate above the knife box, and the clamping washer is disposed on a mounting plate below the knife box corresponding to the clamping screw. The clamping screw and the clamping washer work together to limit and clamp the knife box.

[0016] It should be noted that by changing the clamping shims of different thicknesses, the vertical height of the tool holder on the mounting base can be changed. When a thicker shim is used, the tool holder is raised, causing the axial position of the cutting blade to move upward. When a thinner shim is used, the cutting blade moves downward. When the clamping screw is tightened, downward pressure is applied to the tool holder through the shims. Combined with the positioning structure of the T-slot and locking block, the axial position of the cutting blade can be precisely adjusted. The precise selection of shim thickness can compensate for positional deviations caused by machining errors of the mounting base or tool wear, ensuring that the broaching trajectory matches the design requirements of the workpiece end face teeth, and reducing tooth pitch errors and tooth profile asymmetry problems caused by cutting blade position deviations.

[0017] Preferably, the fixture body uses an internal expansion sleeve structure to clamp the workpiece, and the internal expansion sleeve structure is driven by a built-in hydraulic cylinder to expand the expansion sleeve and tighten the workpiece.

[0018] It should be noted that the built-in hydraulic cylinder is connected to the internal cavity of the expansion sleeve. When the hydraulic system supplies pressurized oil to the hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder piston pushes the inner wall of the expansion sleeve, causing the expansion sleeve to expand radially and uniformly, tightly fitting the inner surface of the workpiece's hole and forming a ring-shaped clamping force. When the workpiece needs to be removed after processing, the hydraulic cylinder releases pressure, and the expansion sleeve contracts and resets under its own elasticity, releasing the workpiece. On the one hand, the inner hole expansion sleeve structure uses the inner hole of the workpiece as the positioning reference, and the outer surface of the workpiece remains free during clamping, eliminating the positioning error caused by uneven surface contact when clamping the outer ring. This is especially suitable for workpieces with high inner hole precision, such as gears and flanges. On the other hand, the uniform clamping force can effectively resist the radial thrust generated during broaching, avoiding micro-displacement or vibration of the workpiece and significantly improving the machining accuracy of the end face teeth. In addition, the automated drive of the built-in hydraulic cylinder eliminates the need for manual tightening of the fixture, reducing clamping time. Combined with the sliding device, it can achieve rapid positioning and clamping of the workpiece, improving processing efficiency.

[0019] Preferably, the bed is further provided with an auxiliary support component, which is coaxially arranged with the clamp body and can fix and lock the clamping end of the clamp body.

[0020] It should be noted that after the fixture body delivers the workpiece to the machining position, the auxiliary support components constrain the clamping end of the fixture body through a mechanical structure or hydraulic system, forming a rigid support point. This counteracts the radial force and torque generated during broaching, effectively enhancing the overall rigidity of the fixture body and reducing vibration and displacement of the fixture body during broaching. Especially under conditions of large cutting volume, it can suppress elastic deformation of the clamping end caused by radial thrust. This ensures the workpiece positioning accuracy during end face tooth machining and avoids tooth profile symmetry deviation problems caused by fixture body wobbling.

[0021] Preferably, the auxiliary support assembly includes: a mounting base, a self-locking component, and a limiting component. The mounting base has a clamping hole in the middle for the clamping end of the fixture body to pass through. The self-locking component and the limiting component are respectively disposed on the mounting base at both ends of the clamping hole along the axial direction. The limiting component can tighten and limit the workpiece clamped by the fixture body. At least two self-locking components are evenly distributed around the clamping hole. An annular groove is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the fixture body corresponding to the self-locking component. The self-locking component can be embedded in the annular groove to form radial self-locking and achieve bidirectional rigid fixation of the clamping end of the fixture body through cooperation with the limiting component.

[0022] It should be noted that the clamping hole in the middle of the mounting base provides a coaxial through-channel for the fixture body, ensuring that the support reference coincides with the clamping axis; the self-locking components and limiting components at both ends of the axial direction form a two-way locking system: the self-locking components achieve radial mechanical self-locking by embedding into the outer annular groove of the fixture body, while the limiting components provide axial clamping to the end face of the workpiece; during operation, after the fixture body passes through the clamping hole and is in place, the self-locking components (such as elastic claws, wedge blocks, etc.) are driven by mechanical or hydraulic forces to radially engage with the annular groove, limiting the radial displacement of the fixture body, while the limiting components (such as adjustable top blocks) clamp the workpiece axially to prevent axial movement. The two work together to achieve bidirectional rigid fixation; through the dual constraints of radial self-locking and axial limiting, the stability of the fixture body during broaching is greatly improved. The evenly distributed self-locking components ensure that the radial constraint force is evenly distributed, avoiding eccentricity or vibration caused by single-point force; significantly improving the machining accuracy of the workpiece and reducing tooth profile deviation and surface roughness problems caused by unstable clamping.

[0023] Preferably, a clamping component is provided on the mounting base between the self-locking component and the limiting component. The clamping component is evenly distributed around the clamping hole on the mounting base and can clamp the outer circumferential surface of the workpiece.

[0024] It should be noted that the clamping components (such as bolts, hydraulic jacks, etc.) apply a uniform clamping force along the outer circumference of the fixture body. After the fixture body passes through the clamping hole and is initially fixed by the self-locking and limiting components, the clamping components simultaneously clamp the outer surface of the workpiece from the circumference. By applying pressure evenly at multiple points, the gap between the workpiece and the mounting base is eliminated, forming a radial auxiliary constraint. This compensates for the potential problem of uneven local force distribution in the self-locking components, effectively suppressing the slight vibration or displacement of the workpiece caused by radial cutting force during broaching, and enhancing the overall rigidity. This further improves the positioning accuracy and stability of the workpiece, allowing the radial displacement error of the workpiece to be controlled within a smaller range during end face gear machining.

[0025] Preferably, a chip removal device is provided on one side of the mounting base. The chip removal device includes a drive cylinder, a sliding bracket, a slide block, and a brush. The sliding bracket is vertically mounted on the side of the mounting base, the slide block is mounted on the sliding bracket, and the brush is fixed on the surface of the slide block near the chip. The brush can be driven by the drive cylinder to move the slide block axially along the sliding bracket, so that the brush can clean the chips on the chip.

[0026] It should be noted that the drive cylinder drives the slide to reciprocate along the sliding support axis, causing the brush to move relative to the broach surface. Through the mechanical friction of the brush, the metal chips attached between the broach teeth during broaching are swept off. By replacing manual operation with automated chip removal, chips between the broach teeth can be removed in real time, preventing chip accumulation from affecting the sharpness of the broach cutting edge and the cutting trajectory. This also prevents chips from scratching the workpiece surface or causing a decrease in tooth profile accuracy during subsequent cutting, significantly improving the surface quality and dimensional accuracy of broaching, reducing abnormal tool wear caused by chips, and extending the service life of the broach. Furthermore, the relative displacement between the slide and the piston rod end of the drive cylinder can be generated by adjusting the nut. After the brush wears out, the position of the slide can be finely adjusted so that the brush can still accurately clean the chips on the broach.

[0027] Preferably, a chip collection groove is provided on the base below the fixture body. The bottom of the chip collection groove is connected to the chip removal cart outside the machine bed through a chip removal device for collecting and discharging the chips generated during the processing. The chip receiving port of the chip removal device is located directly below the chip collection groove, the chip removal port is located directly above the chip removal cart, and the chip removal port of the chip removal device is located on the side of the machine bed away from the fixture body.

[0028] It should be noted that this solution utilizes gravity to cause the chips generated during the processing to fall into the chip collection trough, and then through the chip inlet, they are transported to an external chip removal vehicle for centralized processing via the chip removal device. The physical structure enables the automatic collection and discharge of chips, preventing chips from accumulating on the base surface and affecting equipment operation or scratching workpieces, thus maintaining a clean processing environment.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0030] This utility model provides a horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth. Through the cooperation of an integral main slide plate, guide rail, and drive screw, the linearity of the broach movement is ensured, reducing tooth pitch deviation. The internal expansion sleeve structure, with the help of a built-in hydraulic cylinder, evenly clamps the workpiece, avoiding indentations on the outer surface and resisting radial thrust, thus improving machining accuracy. The self-locking, limiting, and clamping components of the auxiliary support assembly enhance the rigidity of the fixture body, suppress vibration displacement, and ensure tooth profile symmetry. The chip sweeping device and chip collection groove achieve automatic chip removal, avoiding impact on machining quality and tool life. Simultaneously, the modular design of the main slide plate and the detachable broach structure facilitate quick tool replacement. The automated drive of the internal expansion sleeve improves clamping efficiency. Overall, it significantly improves machining accuracy and efficiency, extends equipment life, and optimizes the machining environment. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of each component on the bed in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the main slide plate and the pull cutter in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary support component of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary support component of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture body of Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the chip removal device according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Base; 11. Sliding device; 2. Fixture body; 21. Annular groove; 22. Inner hole expansion sleeve structure; 3. Bed; 31. Receiving groove; 4. Broach; 41. Cutting blade; 42. Tool box; 5. Drive assembly; 51. Drive motor; 52. Guide rail; 53. Drive screw; 54. Main slide plate; 541. Slider; 542. Mounting plate; 543. Mounting seat; 544. Tightening block; 5441. Tightening screw; 5442. Tightening washer; 6. Auxiliary support assembly; 61. Mounting base; 62. Self-locking assembly; 63. Limiting assembly; 64. Tightening assembly; 7. Chip removal device; 71. Drive cylinder; 72. Sliding bracket; 73. Slide seat; 74. Brush; 8. Chip removal cart.

[0039] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figures 1-7 As shown, a horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth includes: a base 1, a fixture body 2, a bed 3, a broach 4, and a drive assembly 5. The bed 3 is horizontally mounted on the base 1, and the fixture body 2 is vertically mounted on the base 1 and is pushed towards the bed 3 by a sliding device 11. The broach 4 is mounted on the side surface of the bed 3 near the fixture body 2 by the drive assembly 5 and can be driven by the drive assembly 5 to move along the axial direction of the bed 3.

[0043] The drive assembly 5 includes a drive motor 51, a guide rail 52, a drive screw 53, and a main slide plate 54. The drive screw 53 is axially arranged in a receiving groove 31 on one side of the bed 3 and is connected to the drive motor 51. The guide rail 52 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bed 3 along the axis of the drive screw 53. The main slide plate 54 is arranged on the bed 3 through the cooperation of the guide rail 52 and the drive screw 53, and can be moved axially along the bed 3 by the drive of the drive screw 53. The broach 4 is detachably fixed on the main slide plate 54 along the axis of the main slide plate 54.

[0044] The main slide plate 54 includes a slider 541 and a mounting plate 542. The sliders 541 are evenly distributed on the mounting plate 542 corresponding to the guide rails 52. The mounting plate 542 is arranged parallel to the side of the bed 3 through the cooperation of the sliders 541 and the guide rails 52. The mounting plate 542 is provided with a mounting seat 543 for fixing the puller 4 along its axial direction on the side away from the bed 3. The puller 4 is detachably fixed on the mounting seat 543.

[0045] The broach 4 includes a cutting blade 41 and a tool holder 42. The cutting blade 41 is fixed axially on the tool holder 42. A vertical T-slot is provided on the mounting base 543. A T-shaped locking block is provided at the bottom of the tool holder 42 corresponding to the T-slot. The locking block is engaged with the T-slot and is locked onto the mounting base 543. A clamping block 544 is provided on the upper and lower mounting plates 542 of the mounting base 543. The clamping block 544 can clamp the upper and lower sides of the tool holder 42.

[0046] The clamping block 544 includes a clamping screw 5441 and a clamping washer 5442. The clamping screw 5441 is evenly distributed on the mounting plate 542 above the knife box 42 along the axial direction of the mounting plate 542. The clamping washer 5442 is disposed on the mounting plate 542 below the knife box 42, corresponding to the clamping screw 5441.

[0047] The fixture body 2 uses an inner hole expansion sleeve structure 22 to clamp the workpiece. The inner hole expansion sleeve structure 22 is driven by a built-in oil cylinder to expand the expansion sleeve and tighten the workpiece.

[0048] The bed 3 is also provided with an auxiliary support component 6, which is coaxially arranged with the clamp body 2 and can fix and lock the clamping end of the clamp body 2.

[0049] The auxiliary support component 6 includes: a mounting base 61, a self-locking component 62, and a limiting component 63. The mounting base 61 has a clamping hole in the middle for the clamping end of the fixture body 2 to pass through. The self-locking component 62 and the limiting component 63 are respectively disposed on the mounting base 61 at both ends of the clamping hole. The limiting component 63 can tighten and limit the workpiece clamped by the fixture body 2. At least two self-locking components 62 are evenly distributed around the clamping hole. An annular groove 21 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the fixture body 2 corresponding to the self-locking component 62. The self-locking component 62 can be embedded in the annular groove 21 to form radial self-locking, and achieves bidirectional rigid fixation of the clamping end of the fixture body 2 through cooperation with the limiting component 63.

[0050] A clamping component 64 is provided on the mounting base 61 between the self-locking component 62 and the limiting component 63. The clamping component 64 is evenly distributed around the clamping hole on the mounting base 61 and can abut and clamp the outer circumferential surface of the workpiece.

[0051] A chip removal device 7 is provided on one side of the mounting base 61. The chip removal device 7 includes a drive cylinder 71, a sliding bracket 72, a slide block 73, and a brush 74. The sliding bracket 72 is disposed perpendicular to the side of the mounting base 61, the slide block 73 is disposed on the sliding bracket 72, and the brush 74 is fixed on the surface of the slide block 73 near the side of the slide block 4. The brush 74 can be driven by the drive cylinder 71 to move the slide block 73 axially along the sliding bracket 72, so that the brush 74 can clean the debris on the slide block 4.

[0052] The base 1 below the fixture body 2 has a chip collection groove. The bottom of the chip collection groove is connected to the chip removal cart 8 outside the bed 3 through a chip removal device. It is used to collect and remove the chips generated during the processing. The chip receiving port of the chip removal device is located directly below the chip collection groove, and the chip removal port is located directly above the chip removal cart 8. The chip removal port of the chip removal device is located on the side of the bed 3 away from the fixture body 2.

[0053] The working principle and usage method of a horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth in this embodiment:

[0054] This embodiment provides a horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth. The base 1 provides rigid support for the equipment, ensuring machining stability. The fixture body 2 moves via a sliding device 11 and employs an internal expansion sleeve structure 22. An internal cylinder drives the expansion sleeve to expand and clamp the inner hole of the workpiece, using the inner hole of the workpiece as a positioning reference to eliminate the positioning error of the outer ring clamping, uniformly resist the radial thrust of the broach 4, and avoid micro-displacement of the workpiece. The bed 3 is horizontally set, providing an installation reference for the drive assembly 5. In the drive assembly 5, the drive motor 51 drives the drive screw 53 to rotate, converting the rotational motion into linear feed. The main slide plate 54 moves axially along the bed 3 through the guide rail 52 and the drive screw 53. The integral main slide plate 54 structure avoids the rigidity reduction of the split design, ensures the straightness of the movement trajectory of the broach 4, and reduces tooth pitch deviation. The sliders 541 of the main slide plate 54 are evenly distributed on the mounting plate 542, cooperating with the guide rail 52 to achieve load balance and enhance stability. The cutting insert 41 of the broach 4 is designed separately from the tool holder 42. The tool holder 42 is locked in place by a T-shaped locking block at the bottom and a T-shaped slot in the mounting base 543, and is further tightened bidirectionally by a clamping block 544, forming a triple constraint. This facilitates quick replacement of the cutting insert 41 and resists cutting vibration. The auxiliary support assembly 6 is coaxial with the fixture body 2. The clamping hole in the mounting base 61 allows the clamping end to pass through. The self-locking assembly 62 is embedded in the annular groove 21 of the fixture body 2 to achieve radial self-locking. The limiting assembly 63 clamps the workpiece end face, and the clamping assembly 64 surrounds and clamps the outer surface of the workpiece. These three components work together to form a bidirectional rigid fixation, offsetting radial force and torque, suppressing elastic deformation of the clamping end, and preventing tooth symmetry deviations. In the chip removal device 7, the drive cylinder 71 moves the slide 73 along the sliding bracket 72, and the brush 74 cleans the chips from the broach 4. The chip collection groove is connected to an external chip removal cart through a chip removal device, automatically collecting and discharging chips to avoid affecting machining quality and tool life.

[0055] In use, the inner hole of the workpiece is first fitted onto the expansion sleeve of the fixture body 2. The hydraulic system supplies oil to the built-in cylinder, and the expansion sleeve expands evenly to grip the inner hole of the workpiece. Then, the sliding device 11 pushes the fixture body 2 towards the bed 3, so that the workpiece is accurately positioned for machining. After the fixture body 2 passes through the clamping hole of the auxiliary support component 6, the self-locking component 62 is embedded in the annular groove 21 on the outer circumference of the fixture body 2 to achieve radial self-locking. The limiting component 63 presses against the end face of the workpiece, and the clamping component 64 evenly presses against the outer surface of the workpiece around the clamping hole to complete the bidirectional rigid fixation. The drive motor 51 is started, and the drive screw 53 drives the main slide plate 54 and the broach 4 to move axially along the bed 3 to broach the teeth on the end face of the workpiece. After the first part of the tooth profile machining is completed, the self-locking component 62 releases the fixture body 2, and the clamping component 64 releases the workpiece. The outer surface of the workpiece is released, and the sliding device 11 moves the fixture body 2 away from the bed 3 to allow the tool to move. The main slide plate 54 retracts, and at this time, the drive cylinder 71 of the chip removal device 7 drives the slide 73 to move along the sliding bracket 72 towards the broach 4, so that the brush 74 covers the surface of the broach 4 and cleans the chips between the broach teeth. The chips fall into the chip collection groove and are discharged through the chip inlet and chip removal device. After the main slide plate 54 returns to the initial position, the workpiece is rotated by the corresponding angle (e.g., rotated 70°), and the aforementioned steps are repeated to process the required tooth shape until all tooth shapes are processed. Then, the auxiliary support assembly 6 releases the fixture body 2 and the outer surface of the workpiece, the sliding device 11 moves the fixture body 2 away from the bed 3, the hydraulic cylinder is depressurized, the expansion sleeve contracts and releases the workpiece, and the workpiece can be taken out, completing one processing cycle.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is used only to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model are included within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0057] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "upper end", "lower end", "upper surface", "lower surface", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0058] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth, comprising: The device comprises a base (1), a clamp body (2), a bed (3), a broach (4), and a drive assembly (5). The bed (3) is horizontally mounted on the base (1), and the clamp body (2) is vertically mounted on the base (1) and is moved towards the bed (3) by a sliding device (11). The broach (4) is mounted on the side surface of the bed (3) near the clamp body (2) by the drive assembly (5) and can be driven by the drive assembly (5) to move along the axial direction of the bed (3). The device is characterized by: The drive assembly (5) includes a drive motor (51), a guide rail (52), a drive screw (53), and a main slide plate (54). The drive screw (53) is axially arranged in a receiving groove (31) on one side of the bed (3) and is connected to the drive motor (51). The guide rail (52) is symmetrically arranged on the bed (3) on both sides of the drive screw (53) along the axial direction. The main slide plate (54) is arranged on the bed (3) through the cooperation of the guide rail (52) and the drive screw (53), and can be driven by the drive screw (53) to move the main slide plate (54) axially along the bed (3). The broach (4) is detachably fixed on the main slide plate (54) axially along the main slide plate (54).

2. The horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main slide plate (54) includes a slider (541) and a mounting plate (542). The slider (541) is evenly distributed on the mounting plate (542) corresponding to the guide rail (52). The mounting plate (542) is parallel to the side of the bed (3) through the cooperation of the slider (541) and the guide rail (52). The mounting plate (542) is provided with a mounting seat (543) for fixing the puller (4) along its axial direction on the side away from the bed (3). The puller (4) is detachably fixed on the mounting seat (543).

3. The horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The broach (4) includes a cutting blade (41) and a tool box (42). The cutting blade (41) is fixed on the tool box (42) along the axial direction of the tool box (42). A vertical T-slot is provided on the mounting base (543). A T-shaped locking block is provided at the bottom of the tool box (42) corresponding to the T-slot. The locking block is engaged with the T-slot and is locked on the mounting base (543). A clamping block (544) is provided on the mounting plates (542) on the upper and lower sides of the mounting base (543). The clamping block (544) can clamp the upper and lower sides of the tool box (42).

4. A horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The clamping block (544) includes clamping screws (5441) and clamping washers (5442). The clamping screws (5441) are evenly distributed on the mounting plate (542) above the knife box (42). The clamping washers (5442) are disposed on the mounting plate (542) below the knife box (42) corresponding to the clamping screws (5441). The clamping block (5441) and the clamping washers (5442) cooperate to limit and clamp the knife box (42).

5. A horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixture body (2) uses an inner hole expansion sleeve structure (22) to clamp the workpiece. The inner hole expansion sleeve structure (22) is driven by a built-in oil cylinder to expand and tighten the expansion sleeve to hold the workpiece.

6. A horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bed (3) is also provided with an auxiliary support component (6), which is coaxially arranged with the clamp body (2) and can fix and lock the clamping end of the clamp body (2).

7. A horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The auxiliary support component (6) includes: a mounting base (61), a self-locking component (62), and a limiting component (63). The mounting base (61) has a clamping hole in the middle for the clamping end of the fixture body (2) to pass through. The self-locking component (62) and the limiting component (63) are respectively set on the mounting base (61) at both ends of the clamping hole. The limiting component (63) can tighten and limit the workpiece clamped by the fixture body (2). At least two self-locking components (62) are evenly distributed around the clamping hole. An annular groove (21) is opened on the outer circumferential surface of the fixture body (2) corresponding to the self-locking component (62). The self-locking component (62) can be embedded in the annular groove (21) to form radial self-locking, and achieve bidirectional rigid fixation of the clamping end of the fixture body (2) through cooperation with the limiting component (63).

8. A horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A clamping component (64) is provided on the mounting base (61) between the self-locking component (62) and the limiting component (63). The clamping component (64) is evenly distributed around the clamping hole on the mounting base (61) and can clamp the outer circumferential surface of the workpiece.

9. A horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A chip removal device (7) is provided on one side of the mounting base (61). The chip removal device (7) includes a drive cylinder (71), a sliding bracket (72), a slide (73), and a brush (74). The sliding bracket (72) is arranged perpendicular to the puller (4) on the side of the mounting base (61). The slide (73) is arranged on the sliding bracket (72). The brush (74) is fixed on the surface of the slide (73) near the puller (4) and can be driven by the drive cylinder (71) to move the slide (73) axially along the sliding bracket (72), so that the brush (74) can clean the debris on the puller (4).

10. A horizontal broaching machine for machining end face teeth as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A chip collection groove is provided on the base (1) below the fixture body (2). The bottom of the chip collection groove is connected to the chip removal cart (8) outside the bed (3) through a chip removal device. It is used to collect and remove the chips generated during the processing. The chip receiving port of the chip removal device is located directly below the chip collection groove, and the chip removal port is located directly above the chip removal cart (8). The chip removal port of the chip removal device is located on the side of the bed (3) away from the fixture body (2).

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