Speaker and electronic device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to loudspeaker technical field discloses a kind of loudspeaker and electronic equipment, and loudspeaker includes shell and sounding unit, and the shell wall of shell is provided with first sound outlet;Sounding unit is equipped with second sound outlet, and second sound outlet is communicated with first sound outlet;Sounding unit includes fixed assembly, at least one diaphragm, at least one first polarity structure and at least one second polarity structure;Fixed assembly is installed in shell, and diaphragm is conductive structure, and diaphragm is correspondingly arranged with first polarity structure, and diaphragm is connected between fixed assembly and corresponding first polarity structure, and first polarity structure and second polarity structure are alternately arranged along first direction, and second polarity structure is equipped on both sides of first polarity structure;When one of first polarity structure and second polarity structure includes electrode layer, the other of both includes electret layer.The loudspeaker and electronic equipment provided by the utility model have good acoustic effect and long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of loudspeaker technology, and in particular to a loudspeaker and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] An electrostatic loudspeaker is a loudspeaker whose diaphragm vibrates under the action of electrostatic force to produce sound. Compared with a dynamic loudspeaker, which relies on electromagnetic force to vibrate the diaphragm, an electrostatic loudspeaker has the advantage of being thinner and lighter.

[0003] In related technologies, loudspeakers utilize the synergistic effect of audio signals and DC polarized power supplies to cause a certain density of charge to accumulate on the diaphragm surface. This causes the diaphragm (i.e., the moving electrode) to be subjected to an alternating electric field, vibrating and producing sound in conjunction with the audio signal source. Currently, electrostatic loudspeakers generally consist of a shell, an electret layer, an electrode layer, and a diaphragm. Because the electrode layer needs to be connected to an external power source, and the electret layer experiences charge loss during prolonged use and requires replenishment, multiple conductive structures are required. This makes the internal structure of the electrostatic loudspeaker prone to interference, and conventional wiring connections pose a risk of conductive structure breakage, resulting in a short lifespan for the electrostatic loudspeaker. Utility Model Content

[0004] The first objective of this invention is to provide a loudspeaker to solve the technical problems of complex internal structure and short service life of existing loudspeakers.

[0005] The second objective of this invention is to provide an electronic device with a long service life.

[0006] Based on the above concept, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] Speakers, including:

[0008] The housing has a first sound outlet on its shell wall;

[0009] A sound-generating unit, wherein the sound-generating unit is provided with a second sound outlet, the second sound outlet being connected to the first sound outlet; the sound-generating unit includes a fixing component, at least one diaphragm, at least one first polar structure, and at least one second polar structure; the fixing component is installed inside the housing, the diaphragm is a conductive structure, the diaphragm is correspondingly arranged with the first polar structure, and the diaphragm is connected between the fixing component and the corresponding first polar structure, the first polar structure and the second polar structure are alternately arranged along a first direction, and the second polar structure is provided on both sides of the first polar structure;

[0010] When one of the first polar structure and the second polar structure includes an electrode layer, the other of the two includes an electret layer; the first polar structure and the second polar structure cooperate to drive the diaphragm to vibrate.

[0011] In one embodiment, the diaphragm is convex along the first direction.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first polar structure includes the electrode layer, and the second polar structure includes an electret layer;

[0013] When multiple first polarity structures are provided, the electrode layers of two adjacent first polarity structures in the first direction are connected to the same electrode of an external power source;

[0014] The electret layers of two adjacent second polarity structures in the first direction have opposite electrical properties.

[0015] In one embodiment, the first polar structure includes the electret layer, and the second polar structure includes an electrode layer;

[0016] The electrode layers of two adjacent second polarity structures in the first direction are connected to opposite electrodes of an external power source;

[0017] When multiple first polarity structures are provided, the electret layers of two adjacent first polarity structures in the first direction have the same electrical properties.

[0018] In one embodiment, the loudspeaker further includes a first electrical connector, the first polar structure including the electrode layer; the diaphragm is electrically connected to the electrode layer, the first electrical connector is correspondingly disposed to the diaphragm, one end of the first electrical connector is electrically connected to an external power source, and the other end of the first electrical connector is electrically connected to the corresponding diaphragm.

[0019] In one embodiment, the fixing component is provided with a through hole along the first direction, and the diaphragm, the first polar structure and the second polar structure are all disposed in the through hole. In the first direction, the second polar structure includes two outer second polar structures, which are correspondingly disposed at the two openings of the through hole.

[0020] In one embodiment, the loudspeaker further includes a second electrical connector, the second polarity structure including the electrode layer; the second polarity structure between the two outer second polarity structures is an inner second polarity structure, the second electrical connector is correspondingly disposed with the inner second polarity structure, one end of the second electrical connector is electrically connected to an external power source, and the other end of the second electrical connector is electrically connected to the electrode layer of the corresponding inner second polarity structure.

[0021] In one embodiment, the housing has mounting holes on both shell walls in the first direction, and the fixing component is installed in the mounting holes at both ends in the first direction.

[0022] The speaker also includes two insulating components connected to the housing and correspondingly covering the mounting holes.

[0023] In one embodiment, the diaphragm, the first polar structure, the second polar structure on one side of the diaphragm, and the fixing component enclose a front cavity, which is connected to the second sound outlet.

[0024] The diaphragm, the first polar structure, the second polar structure on the other side of the diaphragm, and the fixing component together form a first rear cavity.

[0025] In one embodiment, the diaphragm contains conductive particles or a conductive coating.

[0026] Electronic devices, including speakers as described above.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0028] One of the first polarity structure or the second polarity structure of the loudspeaker includes an electret layer, and the other includes an electrode layer. The first polarity structure and the second polarity structure cooperate to drive the diaphragm to vibrate through an electric field. The diaphragm is a conductive structure, and the external power supply is electrically connected to the first polarity structure through the diaphragm. By setting the diaphragm itself as a conductor, the addition of other conductive structures is reduced, which simplifies the internal structure of the loudspeaker. Furthermore, the diaphragm is less prone to wire breakage. While reducing the complexity of the internal structure of the loudspeaker, it can also extend the service life of the loudspeaker.

[0029] The provided electronic devices can have a long service life and good acoustic performance. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of this utility model and these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a sound-emitting monomer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of a vibration assembly and support provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a top view of a loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 The BB section view shown;

[0037] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 The AA section view shown;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another loudspeaker structure provided in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0039] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of another loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another bottom shell structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of another sound-generating unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of another loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of a loudspeaker with multiple diaphragms provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another loudspeaker provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0045] Figure 15 This is an exploded view of another loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another sound-generating monomer provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0047] Figure 17 This is a first cross-sectional view of another loudspeaker provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 18 This is a second cross-sectional view of another loudspeaker provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of another loudspeaker structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 20 This is an exploded view of another loudspeaker provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 21 This is an exploded view of another sound-emitting monomer provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 22 This is a cross-sectional view of another sound-emitting unit provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0053] In the picture:

[0054] 1. Housing; 11. First sound outlet; 12. Assembly hole; 13. Bottom shell; 14. Cover; 15. Thickened part; 16. First limiting groove; 17. Support base; 18. Residual cavity; 2. Sound generating unit; 21. Second sound outlet; 22. Fixing assembly; 221. Through hole; 222. Fixing structure; 223. Protruding ridge; 23. Vibration assembly; 231. Diaphragm; 2311. Second groove; 2312. First groove; 232. First polarity structure;

[0055] 24. Actuation component; 241. Second polarity structure; 2411. Outer second polarity structure; 2412. Inner second polarity structure; 25. Communicating hole; 31. Front acoustic cavity; 32. Rear cavity; 41. First electrical connector; 42. Second electrical connector; 5. Insulator; 51. Notch; 6. Support; X. First direction. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the technical problem solved by this utility model, the technical solution adopted, and the technical effect achieved clearer, the technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining this utility model and not for limiting it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to this utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings, not all of them.

[0057] It should be understood that the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0058] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0059] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0060] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature. In the description of this embodiment, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" specifically refers to two or more.

[0061] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for ease of description and simplification of operation. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are merely used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0062] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or it can be located in between the component.

[0063] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0064] This embodiment provides a loudspeaker with a simple internal structure and a long service life.

[0065] For example, such as Figures 1 to 22 As shown, the loudspeaker includes a housing 1 and a sound-emitting unit 2 disposed within the housing 1. The sound-emitting unit 2 is capable of emitting sound.

[0066] The shape of the housing 1 in this embodiment can be set according to requirements, for example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the shell 1 can be rectangular, and has a length direction, a width direction, and a height direction. It is understood that the shell 1 can also be cylindrical, frustum-shaped, prism-shaped, or truncated pyramidal, etc., but this embodiment does not limit this. In this embodiment, the height direction of the shell 1 is referred to as the first direction X.

[0067] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the housing 1 is provided with a first sound outlet 11, through which the sound emitted by the sound-emitting unit 2 can be transmitted out of the housing 1. In one embodiment, there may be one first sound outlet 11, which may be located on the side wall, top wall, or bottom wall of the housing 1. In this embodiment, the first sound outlet 11 is located on the side wall of the housing 1. In other embodiments, there may be multiple first sound outlets 11, each of which may be located on the side wall, top wall, or bottom wall of the housing 1. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0068] The shape and size of the first sound outlet 11 can be set according to requirements. In this embodiment, the first sound outlet 11 is rectangular.

[0069] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the sound-generating unit 2 is provided with a second sound outlet 21, which is connected to the first sound outlet 11, allowing the sound generated by the sound-generating unit 2 to enter the first sound outlet 11 through the second sound outlet 21. In some optional embodiments, the second sound outlet 21 and the first sound outlet 11 can be directly connected. In other optional embodiments, the second sound outlet 21 and the first sound outlet 11 can also be connected through a sound channel; this embodiment does not limit this aspect.

[0070] Please combine Figure 2 and Figure 3 The sound-generating unit 2 includes a fixing component 22, a vibrating component 23, and an actuating component 24. The fixing component 22 is connected to the housing 1 to support the vibrating component 23 and the actuating component 24. In this embodiment, the vibrating component 23 includes at least one diaphragm 231 and at least one first polarity structure 232. The actuating component 24 includes at least one second polarity structure 241. The fixing component 22 is provided for the diaphragm 231, the first polarity structure 232, and the second polarity structure 241. The second polarity structure 241 of the actuating component 24 provides an electric field force for the vibration of the vibrating component 23, so that the vibrating component 23 vibrates to produce sound. The sound emitted by the vibrating component 23 is transmitted through the second sound outlet 21 and the first sound outlet 11. In this embodiment, the force driving the vibration of the vibrating component 23 is an electric field force; therefore, the loudspeaker in this embodiment can be an electrostatic loudspeaker.

[0071] In at least one embodiment, the number of diaphragms 231 and the number of first polar structures 232 are the same and correspond one-to-one. The actuation component 24 in this embodiment includes at least two second polar structures 241. In this embodiment, the vibration component 23 includes a diaphragm 231 and a first polar structure 232. The inner periphery of the diaphragm 231 is connected to the first polar structure 232, and the outer periphery of the diaphragm 231 is connected to the fixing component 22. The second polar structure 241 is connected to the fixing component 22, and the first polar structure 232 and the second polar structure 241 are alternately arranged along the first direction X. Each first polar structure 232 has a second polar structure 241 on both sides in the first direction X. In this embodiment, a first polar structure 232 is provided between two second polar structures 241. The first polar structure 232 and the second polar structure 241 cooperate with each other so that the first polar structure 232 can vibrate in the first direction X, thereby driving the diaphragm 231 to vibrate.

[0072] In this embodiment, when one of the first polar structure 232 and the second polar structure 241 includes an electrode layer, the other includes an electret layer. In this embodiment, the electrode layer is electrically connected to an external power source, which supplies alternating current (AC) to the electrode layer. For example, the external power source inputs AC current to the electrode layer. In some optional embodiments, the external power source inputs an AC audio voltage to the electrode layer, allowing the magnitude and frequency of the AC current input to the electrode layer to be adjusted as needed, thereby enabling the diaphragm 4 to vibrate with different amplitudes and frequencies. It should also be noted that the second polar structure 241 is disposed in the housing 1, and the second polar structure 241 will not move or vibrate relative to the housing 1.

[0073] In this embodiment, the inclusion of an electrode layer in the first polar structure 232 can be understood as at least a portion of the first polar structure 232 being composed of an electrode layer, or it can be understood as the entire first polar structure 232 being an electrode layer; this embodiment does not limit this. Similarly, the inclusion of an electrode layer in the second polar structure 241 can be understood as at least a portion of the second polar structure 241 being composed of an electrode layer, or it can be understood as the entire second polar structure 241 being an electrode layer; this embodiment does not limit this.

[0074] In this embodiment, the inclusion of an electret layer in the first polar structure 232 can be understood as at least a portion of the first polar structure 232 being composed of an electret layer, or it can be understood as all of the first polar structure 232 being an electret layer; this embodiment does not limit this. Similarly, the inclusion of an electret layer in the second polar structure 241 can be understood as at least a portion of the second polar structure 241 being composed of an electret layer, or it can be understood as all of the second polar structure 241 being an electret layer; this embodiment does not limit this.

[0075] In this embodiment, the electret layer stores electric charge. Alternatively, two adjacent electret layers may interact to form an electrostatic field, driving the second polar structure 241 to vibrate. Or, an electrostatic field may be formed between two adjacent electrode layers to drive the second polar structure 241 to vibrate; this embodiment does not limit this approach.

[0076] In this embodiment, the first polar structure 232 and the second polar structure 241 cooperate to drive the diaphragm 231 to vibrate, thereby achieving sound generation. In this embodiment, the vibration direction of the diaphragm 231 is the first direction X. It should also be noted that the first polar structure 232 and the second polar structure 241 cooperate to make the first polar structure 232 vibrate in the first direction X, thereby driving the diaphragm 231 to vibrate in the first direction X.

[0077] In this embodiment, the diaphragm 231 is a conductive structure, meaning it can conduct electricity. By making the diaphragm 231 a conductive structure, it enables electrical connection between the first polarity structure and an external power source. When the first polarity structure 232 includes an electret layer, the external power source can replenish lost charge to the first polarity structure 232 through the diaphragm 231, ensuring sufficient charge for the electric field force. When the first polarity structure 232 includes an electrode layer, the external power source can achieve electrical connection with the electrode layer through the diaphragm 231.

[0078] In some alternative embodiments, the diaphragm 231 may be composed entirely of conductors, or the diaphragm 231 may be partially composed of conductors; this embodiment does not limit this.

[0079] It should be noted that the diaphragm 231 may be made of conductive material to realize the wire; or, the diaphragm 231 may also achieve conductivity by setting other conductive structures, such as adding conductive particles, conductive wires (such as silver wires, copper wires, etc.), conductive coatings, conductive strips and other conductive structures to the material forming the diaphragm 231 to obtain a conductive diaphragm 231. That is, the diaphragm 231 may contain conductive structures such as conductive particles, conductive coatings, and conductive wires. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0080] Optionally, when the diaphragm 231 is a conductive structure, the diaphragm 231 is electrically connected to the first polar structure 232 to provide charge to the first polar structure 232 or to facilitate the first polar structure 232 to be electrically connected to an external power source.

[0081] The loudspeaker provided in this embodiment includes an electret layer in one of the first polar structure 232 and the second polar structure 241, and an electrode layer in the other. The first polar structure 232 and the second polar structure 241 cooperate to drive the first polar structure 232 and the diaphragm 231 to vibrate through an electric field. The diaphragm 231 is a conductive structure, and the external power supply is electrically connected to the first polar structure 232 through the diaphragm 231. By setting the diaphragm 231 itself as a conductor, the addition of other conductive structures is reduced, which simplifies the internal structure of the loudspeaker. In addition, the diaphragm 231 is less prone to wire breakage. While reducing the complexity of the internal structure of the loudspeaker, it can also extend the service life of the loudspeaker.

[0082] In at least one possible implementation, the sound-generating unit 2 is installed within the housing 1. In some optional embodiments, the sound-generating unit 2 can be connected to the housing 1 in various ways. In one embodiment, the sound-generating unit 2 can be snap-fitted to the housing 1. In another embodiment, the sound-generating unit 2 can be magnetically connected to the housing 1. In other embodiments, the sound-generating unit 2 can also be bolted to the housing 1; this embodiment is not limited to this method.

[0083] Please continue reading Figure 2 The housing 1 has mounting holes 12 on both walls in the first direction X. The mounting holes 12 are used to mount the sound-generating unit 2. The shape and size of the mounting holes 12 match the shape and size of the sound-generating unit 2 to facilitate the installation of the sound-generating unit 2.

[0084] The fixing component 22 has two ends in the first direction X corresponding to two mounting holes 12. The fixing component 22 is installed in the mounting holes 12 at both ends in the first direction X, thereby realizing the connection between the entire sound-generating unit 2 and the housing 1.

[0085] The loudspeaker provided in this embodiment has mounting holes 12 on two shell walls in the first direction X. The sound-generating unit 2 includes a fixing component 22, a vibration component 23, and an actuation component 24. The actuation component 24 is used to generate an electric field force to drive the vibration component 23 to vibrate, so that the vibration component 23 vibrates and generates sound under the drive of the electric field force. Both the vibration component 23 and the actuation component 24 are disposed on the fixing component 22, and the vibration component 23 can vibrate relative to the fixing component 22. The two ends of the fixing component 22 in the first direction X are installed in the mounting holes 12, thereby realizing the connection between the fixing component 22 and the shell 1. This realizes the detachable connection between the sound-generating unit 2 and the shell 1. When the shape and size of the shell 1 change, it is only necessary to provide mounting holes 12 that are compatible with the sound-generating unit 2 on the shell 1. The sound-generating unit 2 can be installed on the shell 1 through the mounting holes 12 on the shell 1 without changing the internal structure and shape of the sound-generating unit 2. Thus, a loudspeaker that meets the size requirements is obtained, which makes the loudspeaker more flexible and less expensive.

[0086] Furthermore, the sound-generating unit 2, as a whole, is connected to the housing 1, which allows for the mass production of the sound-generating unit 2. The sound-generating unit 2 is then installed into the housing 1, which has a different structure, thereby improving the production and assembly efficiency of the loudspeaker.

[0087] The sound-generating unit provided in this embodiment, in which the second polar structure 241 and the first polar structure 232 cooperate to drive the diaphragm 231 to vibrate through an electric field, makes great use of the space of the housing 1 in the first direction X. When the second polar structure 241 connected to the diaphragm 231 vibrates in the first direction X, the maximum vibration amplitude can be close to the distance between the adjacent second polar structure 241 and the first polar structure 232, thereby increasing the amplitude space of the sound-generating unit and increasing the ratio of the amplitude of the sound-generating unit in the first direction X to the thickness of the housing 1, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing the low-frequency amplitude. This allows the purpose of increasing low-frequency sensitivity to be achieved without stacking multiple sound-generating units. As a result, while improving low-frequency sensitivity, the sound-generating unit can be thinner and lighter, making it suitable for electronic devices with high space requirements.

[0088] Furthermore, since the diaphragm 231 in this embodiment is driven by an electric field, there are no interfering components during the vibration of the diaphragm 231 and the first polar structure 232, and there is no risk of voice coil breakage or overheating, thus exhibiting high reliability.

[0089] In addition, because the electric field force generated by the sound-generating unit is relatively uniform, it has very small distortion, which improves the stability and acoustic performance of the sound-generating unit.

[0090] For example, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, two adjacent second polarity structures 241 are arranged opposite to each other and parallel to each other in the first direction X. The two second polarity structures 241 are respectively connected to the two ends of an external power source (specifically an AC power source). The two second polarity structures 241 are opposite in polarity, so that an electric field can be generated between the two adjacent second polarity structures 241.

[0091] The charge in the first polar structure 232 is subjected to the electric field force between the two second polar structures 241, causing the first polar structure 232 to vibrate. Since the first polar structure 232 is positioned between the two second polar structures 241, it is attracted by one of the second polar structures 241 and repelled by the other, causing it to vibrate. Furthermore, because the two second polar structures 241 are connected to the two ends of an AC power source, their polarities are always opposite, continuously providing a driving force for the first polar structure 232.

[0092] In some optional embodiments, the first polar structure 232 and the second polar structure 241 are arranged in parallel, so that the first polar structure 232 can be subjected to more balanced forces, thereby ensuring the stability of sound generation.

[0093] Optionally, the first polar structure 232 is a plate-shaped structure. When the first polar structure 232 includes an electret layer, the electret layer is plate-shaped, and the charge can be evenly distributed in the electret layer.

[0094] In some embodiments, the second polar structure 241 is a plate-like structure.

[0095] In at least one embodiment, the electret layer has a high charge density so that it can interact with the second polar structure 241 to generate a large electric field force.

[0096] In one embodiment, the specific surface area of ​​the electret layer is greater than or equal to 100 mm². 2 / mm 3 When the specific surface area of ​​the electret layer is greater than or equal to 100 mm² 2 / mm3 At this point, the charge density of the electret layer can be relatively high to ensure the strength of the generated electric field. It should be noted that the specific surface area of ​​the electret layer refers to the ratio of the surface area to the volume of the electret layer.

[0097] Alternatively, the specific surface area of ​​the electret layer is greater than or equal to 600 mm². 2 / mm 3 .

[0098] In some alternative embodiments, the total charge in the electret layer is greater than or equal to 1 coulomb to ensure sufficient charge and thus guarantee service life.

[0099] Optionally, the charge in the electret layer can be either positive or negative. This embodiment does not limit this. When the charge in the electret layer is negative, the smaller size of the electrons helps to increase the charge density.

[0100] In one possible implementation, the charge in the electret layer is negative, and the surface charge density of the electret layer is greater than or equal to 10. -3 C / m 2 When the surface charge density of the electret layer is greater than or equal to 10 -3 C / m 2 This ensures a high charge density, thereby guaranteeing the uniformity and strength of the generated electric field. It should be noted that charge surface density refers to the amount of charge per unit area.

[0101] Further optionally, the surface charge density of the electret layer is greater than or equal to 10. -2 C / m 2 .

[0102] In at least one embodiment, the electret layer is made of SiO2, Si3N4, or other materials. When the electret layer is made of SiO2 or Si3N4, it can store a larger amount of charge.

[0103] Optionally, the first polar structure 232 also includes a protective layer (not shown in the figure) covering the electret layer. By setting the protective layer, the electret layer can be protected on the one hand, and the overall rigidity of the first polar structure 232 can be improved on the other hand, thereby effectively improving the high-frequency characteristics.

[0104] In some alternative embodiments, the protective layer may be made of polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or other polymeric materials.

[0105] In some optional embodiments, the electrode layer is made of a metal. For example, the electrode layer may be made of copper, copper alloys, or other metallic materials; this embodiment does not limit this to a specific type.

[0106] Optionally, the specific structure of the sound-generating unit provided in this embodiment can be varied. For example, based on the number of diaphragms 231, it can be classified into structures with a single diaphragm 231 and structures with multiple diaphragms 231. The number of the first polar structure 232 and the number of the second polar structure 241 will also differ depending on the number of diaphragms 231, which will be explained in detail below.

[0107] For example, Figures 1 to 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sound-generating unit provided in this embodiment having a diaphragm 231, and the first polar structure 232 including an electret layer and the second polar structure 241 including an electrode layer.

[0108] In at least one implementation, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the first polar structure 232 includes an electret layer and has one portion, while a diaphragm 231 is provided and connected to the first polar structure 232. The second polar structure 241 includes an electrode layer and has two portions, located on opposite sides of the first polar structure 232. When an external power source inputs alternating current to the electrode layers of the two second polar structures 241, an electric field is generated between them. The charges in the first polar structure 232 are subjected to the electric field force, causing them to vibrate, which in turn drives the diaphragm 231 to vibrate.

[0109] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the electrode layers of the two second polarity structures 241 are connected to the opposite electrodes of the external power supply, that is, one of the electrode layers of the two second polarity structures 241 is a positive electrode and the other is a negative electrode.

[0110] Optionally, when the diaphragm 231 is a conductive structure, the diaphragm 231 is electrically connected to the electret layer of the first polar structure 232 in order to provide charge to the electret layer.

[0111] In one implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the diaphragm 231 has a second groove 2311 located on its inner periphery. The outer periphery of the first polar structure 232 is disposed in the second groove 2311, and the first polar structure 232 is fixedly connected to and electrically connected to the groove wall of the second groove 2311. By providing the second groove 2311, the connection area between the first polar structure 232 and the diaphragm 231 can be increased, thereby improving the connection strength between the first polar structure 232 and the diaphragm 231, reducing the risk of separation between the first polar structure 232 and the diaphragm 231 during vibration, and improving the connection strength and reliability.

[0112] Optionally, please continue to see Figure 4As shown, the second groove 2311 is an L-shaped groove, and the depth of the second groove 2311 is equal to the thickness of the first polar structure 232. Of course, it can be understood that the second groove 2311 can also be a U-shaped groove, with the edge of the first polar structure 232 inserted into the U-shaped groove. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0113] In this embodiment, the specific structure of the diaphragm 231 can be adjusted according to requirements. In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the diaphragm 231 is convex along the first direction X, that is, the portion of the diaphragm 231 between its inner and outer peripheries is convex. With this configuration, the diaphragm 231 can have a larger contact area with the air, thereby pushing more volume of air at the same amplitude, which can improve the low-frequency and high-frequency sensitivity of the sound-generating unit 2.

[0114] Optionally, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the shape of the protrusion of the diaphragm 231 can be arc-shaped or other shapes, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0115] In other embodiments, the diaphragm 231 may also be planar, that is, the diaphragm 231 may not have protrusions, but it can still vibrate and produce sound.

[0116] In at least one possible implementation, such as Figure 6 or Figure 7 As shown, the diaphragm 231, the first polar structure 232, the second polar structure 241 on one side of the diaphragm 231, and the fixing component 22 enclose and form the front acoustic cavity 31. That is, the diaphragm 231, the first polar structure 232 connected to the diaphragm 231, one of the two second polar structures 241, and the fixing component 22 enclose and form the front acoustic cavity 31. The front acoustic cavity 31 is connected to the second sound outlet 21. The diaphragm 231 drives the air in the front acoustic cavity 31 to vibrate and produce sound. The sound in the front acoustic cavity 31 is transmitted to the loudspeaker through the second sound outlet 21 and the first sound outlet 11.

[0117] In this embodiment, the front acoustic cavity 31 can also be referred to as the front cavity.

[0118] In one possible implementation, the diaphragm 231, the first polar structure 232, the second polar structure 241 on the other side of the diaphragm 231, and the fixing component 22 enclose a rear cavity 32. That is, the diaphragm 231, the first polar structure 232 connected to the diaphragm 231, the other of the two second polar structures 241, and the fixing component 22 enclose a rear cavity 32. The rear cavity 32 is independent and not connected to the front acoustic cavity 31.

[0119] In at least one implementation, such as Figure 7 As shown, the volume of the housing 1 is larger than the volume of the sound-emitting unit 2. After the sound-emitting unit 2 is located inside the housing 1, the housing 1 also has a residual cavity 18. In this embodiment, the second rear cavity 32 communicates with the residual cavity 18 inside the housing 1. For example, as... Figure 3 As shown, the rear cavity 32 is provided with a connecting hole 25 on the corresponding fixing component 22, and the rear cavity 32 is connected to the remaining cavity 18 of the housing 1 through the connecting hole 25.

[0120] In this embodiment, each diaphragm 231 corresponds to a front acoustic cavity 31 and a rear cavity 32. The front acoustic cavity 31 is located on one side of the diaphragm 231, and the rear cavity 32 is located on the other side of the diaphragm 231.

[0121] In at least one embodiment, the housing 1 in this embodiment can be a split structure or a one-piece structure. For example, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the housing 1 includes a bottom shell 13 and a cover 14. The bottom shell 13 has an opening, and the cover 14 is installed at the opening of the bottom shell 13 to cooperate with the bottom shell 13 to form a relatively sealed space. Both the cover 14 and the bottom shell 13 are provided with mounting holes 12. By providing a split housing 1, the assembly and disassembly of the speaker can be facilitated.

[0122] When installing the sound-generating unit 2 inside the housing 1, the bottom shell 13 and the cover 14 can be separated first. Then, one end of the fixing component 22 is inserted into the mounting hole 12 on the bottom shell 13, for example, one end of the fixing component 22 is snapped into the mounting hole 12. After that, the cover 14 is connected to the bottom shell 13, and at the same time, the other end of the fixing component 22 is snapped into the mounting hole 12 on the cover 14 to fix it, thereby realizing the fixed connection between the housing 1 and the sound-generating unit 2.

[0123] In one embodiment, to further reduce the risk of movement of the fixing component 22 relative to the housing 1, such as Figure 2 As shown, the inner wall of the housing 1 is provided with a first limiting groove 16. The first limiting groove 16 limits the fixing component 22 in a direction perpendicular to the first direction X, so as to improve the connection strength between the fixing component 22 and the housing 1, thereby improving the structural strength and drop resistance of the speaker.

[0124] In this embodiment, the assembly hole 12 is located at the bottom of the first limiting groove 16. Both the cover 14 and the bottom shell 13 are provided with the first limiting groove 16.

[0125] In one embodiment, such as Figure 7 As shown, the interior of the housing 1 is also provided with a thickening portion 15, which is used to extend the length of the first sound outlet 11 so that the first sound outlet 11 can communicate with the second sound outlet 21. Furthermore, by providing the thickening portion 15, the distance between the sound-emitting unit 2 and the side wall of the housing 1 is not too close, which facilitates the connection between the cover 14 and the bottom shell 13.

[0126] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the fixing component 22 has a through hole 221 along the first direction X. The vibration component 23 and the actuation component 24 are disposed within the through hole 221. By providing the through hole 221, there are no other obstructions between the two second polar structures 241 except for the first polar structure 232 and the diaphragm 231, thus ensuring the electric field strength. In this embodiment, the outer periphery of the diaphragm 231 is connected to the wall of the through hole 221, and the vibration of the diaphragm 231 is not affected by the structure of the fixing component 22.

[0127] In one possible implementation, two second polar structures 241 located at the edge in the first direction X correspond one-to-one with the two openings of the through hole 221, and each second polar structure 241 is installed in the corresponding opening of the through hole 221. In this embodiment, the actuation component 24 includes two second polar structures 241, each corresponding to one of the two openings of the through hole 221, and each second polar structure 241 is installed in the corresponding opening. By installing the second polar structures 241 in the openings of the through hole 221, the space of the fixing component 22 in the first direction X can be fully utilized, so that the size of the sound-emitting unit 2 in the first direction X is equal to the spacing between the two second polar structures 241 in the first direction X, which is beneficial to the thinning and miniaturization of the sound-emitting unit 2.

[0128] In at least one possible implementation, the mounting hole 12 communicates with the through hole 221. The second polarity structure 241 located at the opening of the through hole 221 can be exposed to the housing 1 through the mounting hole 12, thereby facilitating electrical connection of the second polarity structure 241 to an external power source. For example, as... Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the first second polarity structure 241 in the first direction X is installed in one of the mounting holes 12, and the last second polarity structure 241 in the first direction X is installed in the other mounting hole 12.

[0129] In some alternative embodiments, the end face of the fixing component 22 in the first direction X is flush with the second polar structure 241 and the outer surface of the housing 1. This arrangement can further improve the space utilization of the housing 1, so that the size of the housing 1 in the first direction X can be equal to the size of the fixing component 22 in the first direction X or equal to the maximum distance between the two second polar structures 241, which is more conducive to the thinning of the speaker.

[0130] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the fixing component 22 has protrusions 223 at both ends in the first direction X. The protrusions 223 are installed in the mounting hole 12. The second polar structure 241 is installed in the space enclosed by the protrusions 223 and is fixedly connected to the protrusions 223.

[0131] In one embodiment, the fixing component 22 is a separate structure. For example, as shown... Figure 3 As shown, the fixing component 22 includes multiple fixing structures 222. The multiple fixing structures 222 are connected sequentially along a first direction X. The first fixing structure 222 and the last fixing structure 222 in the first direction X are correspondingly and detachably mounted to the mounting holes 12. In this embodiment, the fixing component 22 includes two fixing structures 222, one of which is detachably mounted to one mounting hole 12, and the other fixing structure 222 is detachably mounted to the other mounting hole 12.

[0132] In at least one embodiment, the vibration component 23 can be sandwiched between two adjacent fixed structures 222. This arrangement can improve the fixing strength of the vibration component 23 and reduce the assembly difficulty of the vibration component 23. Exemplarily, the outer periphery of the diaphragm 231 of the vibration component 23 is sandwiched and fixed between two fixed structures 222.

[0133] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the loudspeaker also includes a support member 6, which is fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the diaphragm 231 to improve the connection strength between the diaphragm 231 and the fixed structure 222. In some optional embodiments, the fixed structure 222 may be provided with a second limiting groove (not shown in the figure), and the support member 6 may be fixedly disposed in the second limiting groove to improve the limiting effect on the support member 6.

[0134] It should be noted that when the diaphragm 231 is connected to the support member 6, the support member 6 and the first polar structure 232 are located on the same side of the diaphragm 231.

[0135] In at least one implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the diaphragm 231 has a first groove 2312 that mates with the support member 6. The first groove 2312 is located on the outer periphery of the diaphragm 231, and the support member 6 is disposed in the first groove 2312 and fixedly connected to the groove wall of the first groove 2312. By providing the first groove 2312, the connection area between the support member 6 and the diaphragm 231 can be increased, thereby improving the connection strength between the support member 6 and the diaphragm 231, reducing the risk of separation between the support member 6 and the diaphragm 231 during vibration, and improving the connection strength and reliability.

[0136] It should be noted that when the diaphragm 231 is conductive, the support member 6 is not only fixedly connected to the diaphragm 231, but also electrically connected. With this configuration, an external power source can be electrically connected to the first polarity structure 232 through the support member 6, the diaphragm 231, and the support member 6.

[0137] It is understandable that the vibration component 23 can also be fixedly connected to the fixed structure 222 in other ways, but this embodiment does not limit this.

[0138] In at least one embodiment, the actuation component 24 is connected to the fixed structure 222. In one embodiment, as... Figure 6 As shown, the two first polar structures 232 are connected to the two fixed structures 222 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0139] It is understandable that the fixing component 22 can also be an integral structure, but this embodiment does not limit this.

[0140] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the loudspeaker also includes insulating components 5. The number of insulating components 5 is the same as the number of mounting holes 12 and they correspond one-to-one. The insulating components 5 are connected to the housing 1 and cover the corresponding mounting holes 12. The insulating components 5 are made of insulating material and are used to insulate the sound-generating unit 2 from other devices to improve the loudspeaker's safety.

[0141] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the insulating member 5 has a notch 51 through which at least a portion of the actuating component 24 is exposed to form an electrical connection. The electrical connection is used for electrical connection with an external power source, eliminating the need for additional wiring and simplifying the speaker's structure.

[0142] In this embodiment, the notch 51 is used to expose at least a portion of the second polarity structure 241, that is, the electrical connection portion is a part of the second polarity structure 241.

[0143] The loudspeaker provided in this embodiment is driven by the electric field force of the second polarity structure 241, making full use of the space in the first direction X. This allows the amplitude in the first direction X to reach 80% of the total height of the driver unit 2, significantly increasing the low-frequency amplitude and greatly enhancing low-frequency sensitivity, reaching the level of other dynamic loudspeaker units 2-3 stacked together. Since the driving force is an electric field, components such as the midrange coil and magnetic circuit found in dynamic loudspeakers are eliminated, simplifying the overall structure and manufacturing process. Furthermore, because the electret layer is driven by an electric field, there is no interference from external parts during vibration, eliminating the risk of voice coil breakage or overheating. The uniform electric field force also results in minimal distortion. Additionally, the diaphragm 231 bulges along the first direction X, pushing more air volume for the same amplitude, thus increasing the sensitivity of the driver unit 2. Moreover, the driver unit 2 is detachably connected to the housing 1, allowing it to be used on housings of different shapes, providing high flexibility and cost-effectiveness.

[0144] For example, such as Figures 8 to 12The sound-generating unit provided in this embodiment has multiple diaphragms 231, and the first polar structure 232 includes an electret layer, and the second polar structure 241 includes an electrode layer. Figures 8 to 12 The speaker shown is Figures 1 to 7 The main difference in the loudspeakers shown is the number of diaphragms 231, which will be explained in detail in this embodiment.

[0145] like Figures 8 to 12 As shown, the loudspeaker in this embodiment includes multiple diaphragms 231, multiple first polarity structures 232, and multiple second polarity structures 241. Exemplarily, the diaphragms 231 and the first polarity structures 232 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, with the inner periphery of each diaphragm 231 connected to the corresponding first polarity structure 232. The multiple second polarity structures 241 are all connected to the fixing assembly 22. Figures 8 to 12 The diagram shows that the diaphragm 231 and the first polar structure 232 are each provided in twos, and the second polar structure 241 is provided in threes. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a loudspeaker including more diaphragms 231. Figure 13 An abbreviated drawing method was used.

[0146] In at least one embodiment, a plurality of first polar structures 232 and a plurality of second polar structures 241 are alternately arranged in the first direction X, and each first polar structure 232 has a second polar structure 241 on both sides in the first direction X.

[0147] The loudspeaker with multiple diaphragms 231 provided in this embodiment can further improve sensitivity, thus making it suitable for electronic devices with high sensitivity requirements. It should also be noted that, while achieving similar acoustic performance such as sound quality and sound effects as a moving-coil loudspeaker, the sound-generating unit 2 in this embodiment does not have a magnetic circuit, voice coil, or other structures, so it still has the advantages of smaller thickness, larger vibration amplitude, and higher low-frequency sensitivity.

[0148] In some optional embodiments, a through-hole (not shown in the figure) may be provided in the second polar structure 241 located between two adjacent first polar structures 232 in the first direction X. By providing the through-hole, the airflow balance on both sides of the second polar structure 241 can be maintained, thereby further improving the acoustic performance of the sound-generating unit 2. Optionally, multiple through-holes may be provided to improve the airflow balance at various points on the second polar structure 241. Multiple through-holes may be arranged in an array or randomly; this embodiment does not limit this arrangement.

[0149] It should be noted that the fixing component 22 is also provided with a through hole 221, which extends through the fixing component 22 along the first direction X. Both the vibration component 23 and the actuation component 24 are disposed within the through hole 221. Figure 13As shown, in the first direction, the plurality of second polarity structures 241 include two outer second polarity structures 2411, which correspond one-to-one with the two openings of the through hole 221. The outer second polarity structures 2411 are correspondingly disposed at the two openings of the through hole 221 so that the electrode layer of the outer second polarity structure 2411 can be electrically connected to an external power source.

[0150] In some alternative embodiments, when the housing 1 is connected to the insulating member 5, the insulating member 5 is provided with a notch 51, and at least a portion of the outer second polarity structure 2411 is exposed through the notch 51 to form an electrical connection portion for electrical connection with an external power source.

[0151] The inner second polarity structure 2412 located between the two outer second polarity structures 2411 can be electrically connected to an external power source via the second electrical connector 42.

[0152] In at least one implementation, such as Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the speaker also includes a second electrical connector 42. The number of second electrical connectors 42 is the same as the number of inner second polarity structures 2412, and they are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. One end of the second electrical connector 42 is electrically connected to an external power source, and the other end is electrically connected to the electrode layer of the corresponding inner second polarity structure 2412. By providing the second electrical connector 42, the difficulty of connecting the inner second polarity structure 2412 to the external power source is reduced, improving the convenience and stability of the electrical connection.

[0153] It should be noted that one or more second electrical connectors 42 may be provided. When one second electrical connector 42 is provided, multiple inner second polarity structures 2412 are electrically connected to the second electrical connector 42. When multiple second electrical connectors 42 are provided, the multiple second electrical connectors 42 are electrically connected to the multiple inner second polarity structures 2412 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0154] In at least one implementation, such as Figure 11 As shown, one end of the second electrical connector 42 used for connecting to an external power source can be located on the surface of the housing 1, that is, the second electrical connector 42 can be exposed from the surface of the housing 1 to facilitate electrical connection with an external power source.

[0155] In some alternative embodiments, the shape of the second electrical connector 42 can be configured as needed. For example, in this embodiment, the second electrical connector 42 is Z-shaped. One end of the second electrical connector 42 is flush with the surface of the housing 1 so that the arrangement of the second electrical connector 42 does not increase the size of the speaker and does not affect the miniaturization of the speaker.

[0156] Optionally, the second electrical connector 42 can be an integral structure or a separate structure; this embodiment does not limit this. When the second electrical connector 42 is a separate structure, a portion of the second electrical connector 42 can be integrally formed with the corresponding inner second polarity structure 2412; this embodiment does not limit this.

[0157] In one embodiment, when multiple second electrical connectors 42 are provided, the ends of the multiple second electrical connectors 42 that are away from the inner second polarity structure 2412 can be connected as one unit. This facilitates the assembly of the second electrical connectors 42. Furthermore, the portion exposed from the surface of the housing 1 forms a contact portion on the surface of the housing 1, thereby eliminating the need for individual connection of external power supplies, improving the connection efficiency of the speaker in the electronic device, and ensuring the consistency of the AC power supplied to each inner second polarity structure 2412.

[0158] In at least one implementation, such as Figure 10 As shown, a support base 17 may be provided inside the housing 1, and the support base 17 is located on one side of the fixing structure 222. The second electrical connector 42 is disposed on the support base 17 to reduce the risk of movement of the second electrical connector 42 relative to the housing 1 and to improve the reliability and stability of the connection between the second electrical connector 42 and the inner second polarity structure 2412 and the external power supply. Exemplarily, at least a portion of the second electrical connector 42 may be embedded in the support base 17. The housing 1 may have a hole for the second electrical connector 42 to pass through, so as to assist in limiting the second electrical connector 42. Optionally, the fixing component 22 may also have a hole for the second electrical connector 42 to pass through, so as to facilitate the electrical connection between the second electrical connector 42 and the second polarity structure 241.

[0159] Optionally, the second electrical connector 42 can be a conductive structure such as a solder pad. In this embodiment, the surface of the housing 1 exposing the second electrical connector 42 is the same as the surface where the mounting hole 12 is provided. This arrangement makes the second electrical connector 42 closer to the second polarity structure 241 exposed by the mounting hole 12, shortening the length of the wire connecting the external short circuit to the second electrical connector 42 and simplifying the speaker structure.

[0160] In one embodiment, when the first polar structure 232 includes an electret layer and the second polar structure 241 includes an electrode layer, and multiple first polar structures 232 and second polar structures 241 are provided, the electrode layers of two adjacent second polar structures 241 in the first direction X are connected to opposite electrodes of an external power supply, and the electret layers of two adjacent first polar structures 232 in the first direction X have the same electrical properties. This arrangement causes the vibration directions of two adjacent first polar structures 232 to be opposite, which in turn causes the movement directions of two adjacent diaphragms 231 in the first direction X to be opposite. That is, two adjacent diaphragms 231 move towards each other or away from each other at the same time, thereby enabling two adjacent diaphragms 231 in the first direction X to simultaneously push or pull the air between them, thus enhancing acoustic performance (amplitude, frequency, etc.).

[0161] In at least one possible implementation, when multiple diaphragms 231 are provided, each diaphragm 231 corresponds to a front acoustic cavity 31 and a rear cavity 32. The front acoustic cavities 31 of two adjacent diaphragms 231 in the first direction X can be independent of each other, or they can be connected through a through hole provided on the first polarity structure 232. This embodiment does not limit this. Each front acoustic cavity 31 corresponds to a second sound outlet 21 on the fixing component 22. Multiple second sound outlets 21 are connected to the first sound outlet 11 so that the sound can be transmitted smoothly. It is understood that multiple second sound outlets 21 on the fixing component 22 can be connected to form a single outlet. This embodiment does not limit this.

[0162] In at least one possible implementation, such as Figure 12 or Figure 13 As shown, the front acoustic cavities 31 corresponding to two adjacent diaphragms 231 are connected to a second sound outlet 21 on the fixed assembly 22. That is, one second sound outlet 21 on the fixed assembly 22 is simultaneously connected to two front acoustic cavities 31, realizing the sharing of the second sound outlet 21. This reduces the number of second sound outlets 21 that need to be set on the fixed assembly 22, simplifying the manufacturing difficulty of the fixed assembly 22. At this time, the front acoustic cavities 31 corresponding to the two adjacent diaphragms 231 are located on opposite sides of the two diaphragms 231, and the rear cavities 32 corresponding to the two adjacent diaphragms 231 are located on opposite sides of the two diaphragms 231.

[0163] Of course, this is understandable. Figure 13 As shown, there may also be cases where the front acoustic cavity 31 corresponding to two adjacent diaphragms 231 is located on the opposite side of the two diaphragms 231, and the rear cavity 32 corresponding to two adjacent diaphragms 231 is located on the opposite side of the two diaphragms 231. The specific situation can be flexibly adjusted according to the requirements, and this embodiment does not limit it.

[0164] In this embodiment, each rear cavity 32 is provided with a connecting hole 25 on the corresponding fixing component 22. Each rear cavity 32 is connected to the remaining cavity 18 of the housing 1 through the connecting hole 25, thereby realizing the mutual communication between multiple rear cavities 32.

[0165] In some embodiments, when the two rear cavities 32 are arranged adjacent to each other, such as Figure 13 As shown, the two rear cavities 32 can share a common connecting hole 25 to reduce the number of connecting holes 25 and simplify the structure of the fixing assembly 22.

[0166] For example, such as Figure 12 As shown, the two front acoustic cavities 31 of the two diaphragms 231 are located on opposite sides of the two diaphragms 231, thus facilitating the communication between the first sound outlet 11 and the two second sound outlets 21. The two second rear cavities 32 are located on opposite sides of the two diaphragms 231.

[0167] In one embodiment, when multiple diaphragms 231 are provided, the fixing assembly 22 may include multiple fixing structures 222, which are sequentially connected along a first direction X. A diaphragm 231 is sandwiched and fixed between two adjacent fixing structures 222. Each second polar structure 241 is connected to one of the fixing structures 222. In some optional embodiments, the fixing structure 222 connecting the inner second polar structure 2412 may be provided with a slot (not shown in the figure), in which the inner second polar structure 2412 is inserted and fixed to improve the strength of fixing the inner second polar structure 2412.

[0168] Figures 14 to 22 This is a schematic diagram of a loudspeaker when the first polarity structure 232 includes an electrode layer and the second polarity structure 241 includes an electret layer, as provided in this embodiment. Figures 14 to 18 This is a schematic diagram of a loudspeaker with a single diaphragm 231. Figures 19 to 22 This is a schematic diagram of a loudspeaker with multiple diaphragms 231.

[0169] For example, such as Figures 14 to 22 As shown, the first polar structure 232 includes an electrode layer, and the second polar structure 241 includes an electret layer. There is one first polar structure 232 and one diaphragm 231, and two second polar structures 241. The electrode layer of the first polar structure 232 needs to be electrically connected to an external power source.

[0170] In some optional embodiments, the electret layers of two adjacent second polarity structures 241 along the first direction X have opposite charges, that is, the electret layers of two adjacent second polarity structures 241 have opposite charges. This arrangement allows a constant electric field to be formed between the two second polarity structures 241. Alternating current is passed through the first polarity structure 232, that is, the first polarity structure 232 is electrically connected to an electrode of an external power source. The alternating electric field generated by the first polarity structure 232 interacts with the constant electric field, thereby driving the first polarity structure 232 to vibrate along the first direction X, thereby causing the diaphragm 231 to vibrate and produce sound.

[0171] In some alternative embodiments, since the second polarity structure 241 includes an electret layer and does not need to be electrically connected to an external power source, the second polarity structure 241 installed at the opening of the through hole 221 (i.e., the outer second polarity structure 2411) is not electrically connected to an external power source. Therefore, as... Figure 16 As shown, the speaker's insulating component 5 completely covers the mounting hole 12, and thus completely covers the second polarity structure 241 exposed in the housing 1, without any notch 51.

[0172] It is understandable that when the second polar structure 241 includes an electret layer, it can also be electrically connected to an external power source to replenish the lost charge to the electret layer through the external power source. In this case, the insulating member 5 can still be provided with a notch 51.

[0173] In this embodiment, the electrode layer of the first polar structure 232 needs to be electrically connected to an external power source. Therefore, as... Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, the loudspeaker also includes a first electrical connector 41. One end of the first electrical connector 41 is electrically connected to an external power source, and the other end of the first electrical connector 41 is electrically connected to the electrode layer of the first polarity structure 232, thereby realizing the electrical connection between the electrode layer of the first polarity structure 232 and the external power source.

[0174] In at least one embodiment, when the diaphragm 231 is conductive, the first electrical connector 41 is electrically connected to the diaphragm 231, and the electrode layer of the first polar structure 232 is electrically connected to the diaphragm 231. This allows the first electrical connector 41 to be electrically connected to the first polar structure 232 through the diaphragm 231, eliminating the need for additional wires. This reduces the problem of wire breakage due to vibration and improves the reliability and strength of the electrical connection between the first electrical connector 41 and the electrode layer of the first polar structure 232.

[0175] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 15 As shown, a support member 6 can be connected to the outer periphery of the diaphragm 231, and the first electrical connector 41 can be electrically connected to the support member 6. The support member 6 is electrically connected to the diaphragm 231 to form a circuit.

[0176] In one embodiment, similar to the second electrical connector 42, one end of the first electrical connector 41 may be exposed from the surface of the housing 1 to facilitate connection to an external power source.

[0177] In some alternative embodiments, the shape of the first electrical connector 41 can be configured as needed. For example, in this embodiment, the first electrical connector 41 is Z-shaped. One end of the first electrical connector 41 is flush with the surface of the housing 1 so that the configuration of the first electrical connector 41 does not increase the size of the speaker and does not affect the miniaturization of the speaker.

[0178] Optionally, the first electrical connector 41 can be an integral structure or a separate structure; this embodiment does not limit this. When the first electrical connector 41 is a separate structure, a portion of the first electrical connector 41 can be an integral structure with the corresponding support member 6; this embodiment does not limit this.

[0179] In at least one implementation, such as Figure 15 As shown, a support base 17 may be provided inside the housing 1, and the support base 17 is located on one side of the fixing component 22. The first electrical connector 41 is disposed on the support base 17 to reduce the risk of the first electrical connector 41 moving relative to the housing 1 and to improve the reliability and stability of the first electrical connector 41 connecting the first polarity structure 232 to the external power supply. Exemplarily, at least a portion of the first electrical connector 41 may be embedded in the support base 17. The housing 1 may have a hole for the first electrical connector 41 to pass through, so as to assist in limiting the first electrical connector 41. Optionally, the fixing component 22 may also have a hole for the first electrical connector 41 to pass through, so as to facilitate the electrical connection between the first electrical connector 41 and the electrode layer of the first polarity structure 232.

[0180] The specific structures of the front acoustic cavity 31 and the rear cavity 32 in this embodiment can be referred to Figures 1 to 7 The specific structures of the front acoustic cavity 31 and the rear acoustic cavity 32 in the loudspeaker shown are not described in detail in this embodiment.

[0181] For example, such as Figures 19 to 22 As shown, the loudspeaker has multiple diaphragms 231 and first polarity structures 232. Each first polarity structure 232 includes an electrode layer, and each second polarity structure 241 includes an electret layer. Each first polarity structure 232 has second polarity structures 241 on both sides in the first direction X. A constant electric field is formed between two adjacent second polarity structures 241 to drive the first polarity structure 232 located between the two second polarity structures 241 to vibrate, thereby causing the diaphragm 231 connected to the first polarity structure 232 to vibrate.

[0182] In some optional embodiments, when the first polarity structure 232 includes an electrode layer and the second polarity structure 241 includes an electret layer, and multiple first polarity structures 232 and second polarity structures 241 are provided, the electrode layers of two adjacent first polarity structures 232 in the first direction X are connected to the same electrode of an external power source. That is, the charge type in the electrode layers of all first polarity structures 232 is the same, for example, all are positive charges or all are negative charges. Furthermore, the electret layers of two adjacent second polarity structures 241 in the first direction X have opposite charges, that is, the charges in the electret layers of two adjacent second polarity structures 241 have opposite charges. This configuration ensures that the vibration directions of two adjacent first polar structures 232 are opposite, which in turn makes the movement directions of two adjacent diaphragms 231 opposite. That is, the two adjacent diaphragms 231 move towards each other or away from each other at the same time, thereby enabling the two adjacent diaphragms 231 to simultaneously push or pull the air between them, thus enhancing the acoustic performance (amplitude, frequency, etc.).

[0183] In this embodiment, the formation and specific structure of the front acoustic cavity 31 and the rear cavity 32 can be referred to Figures 8 to 13 The formation and specific structure of the front acoustic cavity 31 and the rear cavity 32 in the loudspeaker shown are not described in detail in this embodiment.

[0184] In this embodiment, the first polar structures 232 are all located within the through holes 221 of the fixing component 22. Therefore, compared to Figures 14 to 18 The speaker shown requires multiple first electrical connectors 41 so that the electrode layer of each first polarity structure 232 can be electrically connected to an external power source. That is, in this embodiment, multiple first polarity structures 232 are correspondingly provided with multiple first electrical connectors 41. One end of each first electrical connector 41 is electrically connected to an external power source, and the other end of each first electrical connector 41 is electrically connected to the electrode layer of the corresponding first polarity structure 232.

[0185] For example, when the diaphragm 231 is conductive, the first electrical connector 41 is electrically connected to the diaphragm 231 connected to the corresponding first polarity structure 232.

[0186] In at least one possible implementation, a support member 6 can be connected to the outer periphery of each diaphragm 231. In this case, the first electrical connector 41 is fixedly connected to and electrically connected to the support member 6. In this embodiment, the first electrical connector 41 can be an integral structure or a separate structure; this embodiment does not limit this. When the first electrical connector 41 is a separate structure, a part of the first electrical connector 41 can be an integral structure with the corresponding support member 6; this embodiment does not limit this.

[0187] Optionally, the first electrical connector 41 can be a conductive structure such as a solder pad.

[0188] In one embodiment, the ends of the plurality of first electrical connectors 41 facing away from the first polarity structure 232 can be connected as a single unit, thereby facilitating the assembly of the first electrical connectors 41, and, as Figure 19 As shown, the first electrical connector 41 forms a contact portion on the surface of the housing 1 through the portion exposed on the surface of the housing 1, thereby eliminating the need for external power supplies to be connected one by one, improving the connection efficiency of the speaker in the electronic device, and also ensuring the consistency of the AC power supplied to the electrode layer of each first polarity structure 232.

[0189] In at least one implementation, such as Figure 20 As shown, a support base 17 may be provided inside the housing 1, and the support base 17 is located on one side of the fixing component 22. Multiple first electrical connectors 41 are disposed on the support base 17 to reduce the risk of movement of the first electrical connectors 41 relative to the housing 1 and to improve the reliability and stability of the connection between the first electrical connectors 41 and the electrode layer of the first polarity structure 232 and the external power supply. Exemplarily, at least a portion of the first electrical connector 41 may be embedded in the support base 17. The housing 1 may have holes for the first electrical connectors 41 to pass through, which can help limit the movement of the first electrical connectors 41. Optionally, the fixing component 22 may also have holes for the first electrical connectors 41 to pass through, so as to facilitate electrical connection between the first electrical connectors 41 and the first polarity structure 232.

[0190] In one embodiment, when multiple diaphragms 231 are provided, the fixing assembly 22 may include multiple fixing structures 222, which are sequentially connected along a first direction X. A fixing diaphragm 231 is sandwiched between two adjacent fixing structures 222. Each second polarity structure 241 is connected to one of the fixing structures 222.

[0191] This embodiment also provides an electronic device, which includes a speaker, and the speaker can be the speaker described above.

[0192] The electronic device provided in this embodiment has a long service life and high flexibility. Furthermore, the electronic device also has high low-frequency sensitivity, and the speaker unit requires less space, which facilitates the thinning and lightening of the electronic device and allows for more flexible spatial arrangement.

[0193] For example, the electronic device in this embodiment can be a foldable phone, an ultra-thin TV, a computer, a smart wearable device, etc., and this embodiment does not limit it.

[0194] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A loudspeaker, characterized in that, include: The housing has a first sound outlet on its shell wall; A sound-generating unit, wherein the sound-generating unit is provided with a second sound outlet, the second sound outlet being connected to the first sound outlet; the sound-generating unit includes a fixing component, at least one diaphragm, at least one first polar structure, and at least one second polar structure; the fixing component is installed inside the housing, the diaphragm is a conductive structure, the diaphragm is correspondingly arranged with the first polar structure, and the diaphragm is connected between the fixing component and the corresponding first polar structure, the first polar structure and the second polar structure are alternately arranged along a first direction, and the second polar structure is provided on both sides of the first polar structure; When one of the first polar structure and the second polar structure includes an electrode layer, the other of the two includes an electret layer; the first polar structure and the second polar structure cooperate to drive the diaphragm to vibrate.

2. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diaphragm is convex along the first direction.

3. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first polar structure includes the electrode layer, and the second polar structure includes an electret layer; When multiple first polarity structures are provided, the electrode layers of two adjacent first polarity structures in the first direction are connected to the same electrode of an external power source; The electret layers of two adjacent second polarity structures in the first direction have opposite electrical properties.

4. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first polar structure includes the electret layer, and the second polar structure includes an electrode layer; The electrode layers of two adjacent second polarity structures in the first direction are connected to opposite electrodes of an external power source; When multiple first polarity structures are provided, the electret layers of two adjacent first polarity structures in the first direction have the same electrical properties.

5. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loudspeaker further includes a first electrical connector, the first polar structure includes the electrode layer; the diaphragm is electrically connected to the electrode layer, the first electrical connector is correspondingly disposed to the diaphragm, one end of the first electrical connector is electrically connected to an external power source, and the other end of the first electrical connector is electrically connected to the corresponding diaphragm.

6. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing component is provided with a through hole along the first direction. The diaphragm, the first polar structure and the second polar structure are all disposed in the through hole. In the first direction, the second polar structure includes two outer second polar structures, which are correspondingly disposed at the two openings of the through hole.

7. The loudspeaker according to claim 6, characterized in that, The loudspeaker further includes a second electrical connector, the second polarity structure includes the electrode layer; the second polarity structure between the two outer second polarity structures is an inner second polarity structure, the second electrical connector is correspondingly arranged with the inner second polarity structure, one end of the second electrical connector is electrically connected to an external power source, and the other end of the second electrical connector is electrically connected to the electrode layer of the corresponding inner second polarity structure.

8. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing has mounting holes on both shell walls in the first direction, and the fixing components are installed in the mounting holes at both ends in the first direction. The speaker also includes two insulating components connected to the housing and correspondingly covering the mounting holes.

9. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diaphragm, the first polar structure, the second polar structure on one side of the diaphragm, and the fixing component together form a front acoustic cavity, which is connected to the second sound outlet. The diaphragm, the first polar structure, the second polar structure on the other side of the diaphragm, and the fixing component together form a first rear cavity.

10. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diaphragm contains conductive particles or a conductive coating.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes the loudspeaker as described in any one of claims 1-10.

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