Piston lock spreader chuck

Abstract

The utility model discloses a piston type locking expansion chuck, including chuck outer cylinder body, piston cylinder and piston locking mechanism, piston cylinder is installed in the chuck outer cylinder body, and the chuck outer cylinder body, piston cylinder is located on same axis. In the utility model through setting the oil inlet and oil outlet, and then realize the in and out of oil, and through the cooperation of oil and disc piston and three -piece slip, and then through the piston type mechanical principle to realize the locking expansion action of this chuck, install mechanical component piston, push piston repeated back and forth movement under the pressure, realize locking expansion action, reduce deformation and leak and so on, promote the use time and increase work efficiency, and the mechanical piston structure replaces rubber cylinder flexible transmission through rigid transmission, avoid the clamping force attenuation caused by material fatigue deformation, eliminate the risk of rubber cylinder high temperature deformation, eliminate the hydraulic oil leakage problem, and the system pressure stability improves greatly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a drilling rig, specifically a piston-type locking tension chuck, belonging to the field of drilling rig technology. Background Technology

[0002] The chuck is an important component of the drilling rig. Its main function is to clamp and release the drill rod and rotate it to move the drill rod forward and backward to perform drilling operations. It ensures stable delivery of the drill rod during operation, avoids ineffective drilling due to insufficient clamping of the drill rod, improves work efficiency, and reduces the labor intensity of workers operating the drilling tools. In particular, when raising and lowering the drilling tools, the chuck, as the mechanism for unscrewing the drilling tools, can significantly improve work efficiency.

[0003] However, most existing drilling rigs have various problems. For example, in a general-purpose chuck for coal mine drilling rigs disclosed in announcement number CN102518402B, although it solves the problem that existing coal mine drilling rig chucks cannot directly clamp irregularly shaped drill rods, this technical solution and most current drilling rig chucks all have a rubber sleeve installed inside. The hydraulic piston pump driven by the electric motor generates high hydraulic pressure, which is then transmitted to the working valve and the motor to rotate and deliver the high pressure to the inside of the chuck. The high pressure squeezes the rubber sleeve and directly transmits it to the chuck shoes, causing the chuck shoes to clamp the drill rod. In the above technical solutions, the rubber sleeve inside the chuck is prone to quality changes, fatigue deformation / high temperature deformation under repeated compression. For example, repeated compression of the rubber sleeve by high-pressure hydraulic oil can cause material quality changes, resulting in permanent deformation or even rupture, leading to a decrease in clamping force. Or, after the rubber sleeve deforms at high temperature, the gap between it and the inner wall of the chuck increases, and hydraulic oil leakage leads to insufficient system pressure. All of these situations can cause the rubber sleeve to leak oil and fail to clamp the drill rod tightly. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a solution that is significantly different from existing technologies, addressing the problem that existing technologies are too simplistic. Specifically, the purpose of this utility model is to solve the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a piston-type locking tension chuck.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A piston-type locking and opening chuck includes a chuck outer cylinder, a piston cylinder, and a piston locking mechanism. The piston cylinder is installed inside the chuck outer cylinder, and the chuck outer cylinder and the piston cylinder are located on the same axis.

[0007] The piston locking mechanism includes a disc piston and a three-lobed slip. The piston cylinder has at least three mounting cavities, which penetrate the inner and outer walls of the piston cylinder. The disc piston is installed sequentially in the mounting cavities, and the plane of the disc piston is flush with the inner plane of the piston cylinder. The three-lobed slip is installed inside the piston cylinder, and the three planes of the three-lobed slip are aligned with the three planes inside the piston cylinder. One side of the three-lobed slip abuts against the disc piston.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model: a piston-specific O-ring is installed on the front section of the side wall of the disc piston, and a piston-specific Y-type seal is installed on the rear section of the side wall of the disc piston, with the Y-shaped opening of the piston-specific Y-type seal facing the side of the disc piston away from the three-lobed slip.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model: a strong spring is installed in the circular hole on one side of the three-lobed latch, and multiple three-lobed latches are installed in a clockwise direction and are combined to form a cylindrical structure.

[0010] As a further embodiment of this utility model: O-rings are installed at the left and right ends of the piston cylinder body, the O-rings are located between the chuck outer cylinder body and the piston cylinder body, and the oil inlet of the chuck outer cylinder body is provided on the inner flat part of the piston cylinder body.

[0011] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a chuck connecting end cover is provided on one side of the outer cylinder body of the chuck, and a pin is provided on the chuck connecting end cover. An oil outlet is provided at the edge of the chuck connecting end cover. The two oil inlets on the connecting end face of the outer cylinder body of the chuck are correspondingly provided with the two oil outlets on the chuck connecting end cover. An end cover O-ring is installed on the two oil ports on the inner side of the chuck connecting end cover.

[0012] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the edge of the chuck connecting end cover is provided with a mounting hole, and the edge of the outer cylinder of the chuck is provided with a screw hole. The screw hole and the mounting hole are provided one-to-one, and a screw and a spring washer are provided in the mounting hole. The chuck connecting end cover is connected and locked to the outer cylinder of the chuck by the screw.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model: a front end cover is connected to the other side of the outer cylinder of the chuck, and the front end cover is provided with square grooves in three equal parts, and the square grooves are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the three-lobed chucks.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] In this invention, an oil inlet and an oil outlet are provided to allow oil to enter and exit. The locking and unlocking action of the chuck is achieved through the cooperation of the oil, the disc piston, and the three-lobe slips, using the piston mechanical principle. The mechanical piston is installed and, under pressure, pushes the piston to move back and forth repeatedly to achieve the locking and unlocking action, reducing deformation and oil leakage, extending service life and increasing work efficiency. Furthermore, the mechanical piston structure uses rigid force transmission instead of flexible force transmission from the rubber sleeve, avoiding the decrease in clamping force caused by material fatigue deformation, eliminating the risk of high-temperature deformation of the rubber sleeve, and preventing hydraulic oil leakage. The system pressure stability is greatly improved. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the disc piston structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the three-lobed latch of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the piston mounting structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the outer cylinder structure of the chuck of this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Disc piston, 2. Three-lobed slip, 3. Strong spring, 4. Chuck connecting end cap, 5. Front end cap, 6. Chuck outer cylinder, 7. Piston cylinder, 8. High-temperature resistant sealing ring, 9. Piston-specific O-ring, 10. Piston-specific Y-type seal, 11. Pin, 12. End cap O-ring. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a piston-type locking and opening chuck includes a chuck outer cylinder 6, a piston cylinder 7, and a piston locking mechanism. The piston cylinder 7 is installed inside the chuck outer cylinder 6, and the chuck outer cylinder 6 and the piston cylinder 7 are located on the same axis.

[0025] The piston locking mechanism includes a disc piston 1 and a three-lobed slip 2. The piston cylinder 7 has at least three mounting cavities, which penetrate the inner and outer walls of the piston cylinder 7. The disc piston 1 is installed in the mounting cavities in sequence, and the plane of the disc piston 1 is flush with the inner plane of the piston cylinder 7. The three-lobed slip 2 is installed inside the piston cylinder 7, and the three planes of the three-lobed slip 2 are aligned with the three planes inside the piston cylinder 7. One side of the three-lobed slip 2 abuts against the disc piston 1.

[0026] A piston-specific O-ring 9 is installed on the front section of the side wall of the disc piston 1, and a piston-specific Y-type seal 10 is installed on the rear section of the side wall of the disc piston 1. The Y-type opening of the piston-specific Y-type seal 10 faces the side of the disc piston 1 away from the three-lobed slip 2. A strong spring 3 is installed in the round hole on one side of the three-lobed slip 2. Multiple three-lobed slips 2 are installed in a clockwise direction and are combined to form a cylindrical structure.

[0027] O-rings 8 are installed on the left and right ends of the piston cylinder body 7. The O-rings 8 are located between the chuck outer cylinder body 6 and the piston cylinder body 7. The inner flat part of the piston cylinder body 7 is provided with the oil inlet of the chuck outer cylinder body 6. A chuck connecting end cover 4 is provided on one side of the chuck outer cylinder body 6. A pin 11 is provided on the chuck connecting end cover 4. An oil outlet is provided at the edge of the chuck connecting end cover 4. The two oil inlets on the connecting end face of the chuck outer cylinder body 6 correspond one-to-one with the two oil outlets of the chuck connecting end cover 4. The two oil ports on the inner side of the chuck connecting end cover 4 are equipped with end cover O-rings 12.

[0028] In this invention, an oil inlet and an oil outlet are provided to allow oil to enter and exit. Through the cooperation of the oil, the disc piston 1, and the three-lobe slip 2, the locking and unlocking action of the chuck is achieved through the piston mechanical principle. The mechanical piston is installed and pushed back and forth repeatedly under pressure to achieve the locking and unlocking action, reducing deformation and oil leakage, increasing service life and work efficiency. Moreover, the mechanical piston structure replaces the flexible force transmission of the rubber sleeve with rigid force transmission, avoiding the attenuation of clamping force caused by material fatigue deformation, eliminating the risk of high temperature deformation of the rubber sleeve, and preventing hydraulic oil leakage. The system pressure stability is greatly improved.

[0029] Example 2: Figures 1 to 6 As shown, in addition to all the technical features included in Embodiment 1, this embodiment also includes:

[0030] The chuck connecting end cover 4 has mounting holes at its edge, and the outer cylinder body 6 of the chuck has screw holes at its edge. The screw holes correspond one-to-one with the mounting holes, and screws and spring washers are installed in the mounting holes. The chuck connecting end cover 4 is connected and locked to the outer cylinder body 6 of the chuck by screws. The screws enable the chuck connecting end cover 4 and the outer cylinder body 6 of the chuck to be quickly installed, locked, disassembled, and separated.

[0031] The other side of the outer cylinder 6 of the chuck is connected to the front cover 5. The front cover 5 is divided into three equal parts with square grooves, and the square grooves correspond one-to-one with the three-lobed slips 2. The square grooves are used to limit the position of the three-lobed slips 2.

[0032] In use, first connect the oil supply pipe to the oil inlet of the outer cylinder 6 of the chuck, and connect the oil outlet of the chuck connecting end cover 4 to another supply pipe. In use, the oil is supplied to the disc piston 1 through the oil inlet pipe, and the disc piston 1 pushes the three-lobed slips 2 to move, thereby achieving the locking effect on the drill pipe. When unlocking is required, the oil flows out through the oil outlet. At this time, the disc piston 1 contracts, and the three-lobed slips 2 are synchronously reset under the action of the strong spring 3, thereby unlocking the drill pipe.

[0033] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0034] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A piston-type locking and unlocking chuck, comprising a chuck outer cylinder (6), a piston cylinder (7), and a piston locking mechanism, characterized in that, The piston cylinder (7) is installed inside the chuck outer cylinder (6), and the chuck outer cylinder (6) and the piston cylinder (7) are located on the same axis; The piston locking mechanism includes a disc piston (1) and a three-lobed slip (2). The piston cylinder (7) has at least three mounting cavities, which penetrate the inner and outer walls of the piston cylinder (7). The disc piston (1) is installed in the mounting cavities in sequence, and the plane of the disc piston (1) is flush with the inner plane of the piston cylinder (7). The three-lobed slip (2) is installed inside the piston cylinder (7), and the three planes of the three-lobed slip (2) are aligned with the three planes inside the piston cylinder (7). One side of the three-lobed slip (2) abuts against the disc piston (1).

2. The piston-type locking and unlocking chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front section of the side wall of the disc piston (1) is equipped with a piston-specific O-ring (9), and the rear section of the side wall of the disc piston (1) is equipped with a piston-specific Y-type seal (10). The Y-shaped opening of the piston-specific Y-type seal (10) faces the side of the disc piston (1) away from the three-lobed slip (2).

3. A piston-type locking and unlocking chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: A strong spring (3) is installed in the round hole on one side of the three-lobed latch (2). Multiple three-lobed latches (2) are installed in clockwise order and are combined to form a cylindrical structure.

4. A piston-type locking and unlocking chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: O-rings (8) are installed on the left and right ends of the piston cylinder (7). The O-rings (8) are located between the chuck outer cylinder (6) and the piston cylinder (7). The oil inlet of the chuck outer cylinder (6) is provided on the inner flat part of the piston cylinder (7).

5. A piston-type locking and unlocking chuck according to claim 4, characterized in that: A chuck connecting end cap (4) is provided on one side of the outer cylinder body (6) of the chuck, and a pin (11) is provided on the chuck connecting end cap (4). An oil outlet is provided at the edge of the chuck connecting end cap (4). The two oil inlets of the connecting end face of the outer cylinder body (6) of the chuck are correspondingly provided with the two oil outlets of the chuck connecting end cap (4). The two oil ports on the inner side of the chuck connecting end cap (4) are equipped with end cap O-rings (12).

6. A piston-type locking and unlocking chuck according to claim 5, characterized in that: The chuck connecting end cover (4) has an installation hole at its edge, and the outer cylinder body (6) of the chuck has a screw hole at its edge. The screw hole and the installation hole are set one-to-one, and a screw and a spring washer are set in the installation hole. The chuck connecting end cover (4) is connected and locked to the outer cylinder body (6) of the chuck by screws.

7. A piston-type locking and unlocking chuck according to claim 5, characterized in that: The other side of the outer cylinder body (6) of the chuck is connected to a front cover (5). The front cover (5) is provided with three equal square grooves, and the square grooves correspond one-to-one with the three-lobed chuck (2).

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