Anchoring rod

Abstract

Anchoring rod, including fixed end anchor (1) and tension end backing plate (2), one end of anchor cable body (3) is connected with fixed end anchor (1) and is fixed, it is characterized in that: one or multiple pressure dispersion devices (4) are arranged on the outer circumference of the anchoring section L1 of the anchor cable body (3), the grouting pipe (6) extending to the vicinity of the front end of the anchor cable body (3) is arranged on the tension end backing plate (2), the exhaust overflow port (7) is opened on the tension end backing plate (2), the outer surface of the anchor cable body (3) adopts integral anticorrosion structure, the present application has the advantages of reasonable structure, convenient installation and tension, can accurately adjust the anchoring force of each pressure dispersion device according to geological conditions and stress conditions, has the advantages of small tension shrinkage, small stress loss under anchor and the like, and the full length of the anchor rod has excellent corrosion resistance, can meet the anchoring construction requirements under the conditions of higher anticorrosion requirements such as underwater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to an anchor bolt, which belongs to the field of engineering technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of infrastructure construction, anchor bolts are an important protective and support component. They utilize the tensile force generated by the structure in the strata and apply prestress to reinforce unstable rock masses or provide effective support for structures. They play a crucial role in projects such as mine protection, tunnel protection, water conservancy and hydropower, and slope protection, providing effective anchoring force to ensure the stability and safety of engineering structures. However, existing anchor bolts have many technical problems in practical applications and are difficult to meet complex and ever-changing construction needs.

[0003] Currently, most anchor bolts rely on the anchorage section at the bottom of the anchor hole for load-bearing, but this method has significant drawbacks. In actual operation, when the anchor bolt is subjected to tension, the amount of tension retraction is substantial, significantly reducing the actual anchoring effect. This large amount of tension retraction not only prevents the anchor bolt's anchoring force from being fully utilized but may also lead to increased displacement of the supported structure, affecting the stability of the project. Furthermore, due to the concentrated stress in the anchorage section, stress loss is significant, preventing the effective utilization of the anchor bolt's load-bearing capacity and increasing the safety risks of the project.

[0004] From the perspective of corrosion resistance, existing anchor bolts also have shortcomings. Because anchor bolts are typically located in complex underground environments, they are susceptible to corrosion from groundwater, soil chemicals, and microorganisms. Anchor head corrosion not only reduces the strength and durability of the anchor bolt but can also lead to connection failure between the anchor bolt and the supported structure, potentially causing engineering accidents. Furthermore, existing anchor bolt corrosion prevention measures often fail to achieve comprehensive and efficient corrosion protection, failing to provide all-around protection for the anchor bolt and severely limiting its service life in harsh environments.

[0005] With the increasing prevalence of underwater anchoring and specialized construction scenarios demanding high levels of anchoring strength and corrosion resistance, existing anchor bolt technologies are no longer sufficient to meet the needs of these projects. In underwater construction, anchor bolts must withstand not only water pressure and current erosion but also the corrosive effects of complex underwater chemicals, placing extremely high demands on anchoring force and corrosion resistance. However, due to inherent technological limitations, traditional anchor bolts struggle to guarantee long-term stable anchoring and adequate corrosion resistance in these challenging environments, severely hindering the quality and safety of related projects.

[0006] In summary, the shortcomings of existing anchor bolt technology in terms of anchoring and corrosion resistance have become a bottleneck restricting its application in more complex projects. Therefore, developing a new type of anchor bolt to meet the high requirements of anchoring and corrosion resistance in underwater and other construction projects has significant practical importance and engineering application value. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this application is to address the shortcomings of existing anchor bolts, which mainly rely on the anchoring section at the bottom of the anchor hole for stress concentration. This results in a large amount of tension retraction, leading to significant stress loss in environments with varying geological conditions at different depths. Furthermore, the anchor bolts have poor corrosion resistance and cannot meet the high requirements of underwater anchoring and corrosion protection. This patent application provides an anchor bolt with a reasonable structure, convenient installation and tensioning, and the ability to precisely adjust the anchoring force of each pressure dispersion device according to geological conditions and stress. It features small tension retraction, low stress loss under the anchor, excellent corrosion resistance along its entire length, and can meet the anchoring construction requirements under high corrosion resistance conditions such as underwater installations, while also having a long service life.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned application objectives, the technical solution of this application is: an anchor bolt, including a fixed end anchor and a tensioning end plate, one end of the anchor bolt body is connected and fixed to the fixed end anchor, and the other end of the anchor bolt body is connected and fixed to the tensioning end plate. One or more pressure dispersion devices are provided on the outer circumference of the anchoring section L1 of the anchor bolt body. A grouting pipe extending to the vicinity of the front end of the anchor bolt body is inserted into the tensioning end plate. An exhaust and overflow port is provided on the tensioning end plate. The outer surface of the anchor bolt body adopts an integral anti-corrosion structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressure dispersion device includes a multi-stage bearing body, a positioning adjuster, a force-limiting structure, an anti-slip anchoring structure, a limiting pressure plate, and screws. A central hole is opened in the center of the multi-stage bearing body, and a positioning adjuster is installed in the central hole. The positioning adjuster is provided with a through hole. The anchor cable passes through the through hole on the positioning adjuster and the central hole on the limiting pressure plate, respectively. A positioning adjuster is installed between the outer circumference of the anchor cable and the countersunk hole of the positioning adjuster. An anti-slip anchoring structure is fixedly provided on the anchor cable between the outer end face of the positioning adjuster and the limiting pressure plate. Multiple screws are installed on the outer circumference between the positioning adjuster and the limiting pressure plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixed-end anchor includes a fixed-end bearing body, a fixed-end anchor sleeve, a pressure plate, a nut, and bolts. The fixed-end anchor sleeve is fixedly installed at the end of the anchor cable body, and the fixed-end anchor sleeve passes through a through hole opened in the center of the fixed-end bearing body and is fitted with a nut. A pressure plate is provided on the front end face of the nut, and bolts are installed on the pressure plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixed end anchor includes a fixed end bearing body, a pressure plate, bolts, and a compression sleeve. The end of the anchor cable passes through a through hole opened in the center of the fixed end bearing body and is fixedly provided with a compression sleeve. The front end of the compression sleeve is provided with a pressure plate with a through hole. The pressure plate is fixed to the fixed end bearing body by bolts.

[0012] Furthermore, the anchor cable body includes a cable body, anti-corrosion material, and a sheath. The cable body can be made of a single steel strand, steel wire, reinforcing bar, or carbon fiber, or made of one or more of multiple steel strands, steel wires, reinforcing bars, or fibers. The surface of the cable body or a single strand is coated with zinc, aluminum, magnesium, stainless steel, or alloy. One or more protective structures, such as epoxy resin, plastic, or paint layers, can also be provided on the surface of the cable body or a single strand. The cable body is made of prestressed steel strand, carbon fiber, or various forms of reinforcing bars. The outer surface of the cable body is provided with a sheath that can slide relative to it, and the space between the outer surface of the cable body and the sheath is filled with anti-corrosion material.

[0013] Furthermore, the anchor cable is made of multiple sections of the same or different materials, and the ends of adjacent sections are connected and fixed by connectors.

[0014] Furthermore, the anchor cable body is provided with multiple positioning elements at intervals, the positioning elements being positioning rings or support frames, the pressure dispersion device is provided with spiral reinforcement around its periphery, and a fixed end bearing body is installed at one end of the anchor cable body where the fixed end anchor is installed, and the anchor cable body and the fixed end bearing body are fixed together by anchoring fasteners.

[0015] Furthermore, a central through hole is provided on the tensioning end pad, one end of the anchor cable passes through the central through hole, a tensioning end anchor sleeve is fixedly installed on the anchor cable, and a tensioning end nut is screwed onto the tensioning end anchor sleeve.

[0016] Furthermore, the front end of the anchor cable is fixedly provided with a protective fixed end anchor and a guide cap, the front end of which is conical, spherical, or other shapes with a pointed front end.

[0017] Furthermore, a protective sleeve is provided on the outer surface of the fixed end anchor sleeve, and a sealing sleeve is provided at the connection between the fixed end anchor sleeve, the protective sleeve and the anchor cable body.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0019] 1. This application has multiple pressure dispersion devices fixedly installed at intervals on the anchoring section of the anchor bolt cable, which disperses the prestress to the anchoring points of each pressure dispersion device in the anchoring section. The force of each pressure dispersion device can be adjusted according to geological conditions. Furthermore, the anchoring force of the pressure dispersion device at the corresponding position can be precisely set according to the difference in geological conditions at different depths of the same anchor bolt, so that soil or rock layers at different depths and with different geological conditions can be subjected to the most reasonable stress.

[0020] 2. This application adopts an integrated anti-corrosion technology, which can achieve comprehensive and seamless anti-corrosion of the entire length of the anchor cable, and has excellent anti-corrosion performance, enabling the anchor to meet the high standard anti-corrosion requirements in underwater and other application scenarios, and has a long service life.

[0021] 3. This application has a reasonable structure, is easy to install and tension, and can accurately adjust the anchoring force of each pressure dispersion device according to geological conditions and stress conditions. It has the advantages of small tension retraction and small stress loss under the anchor, and is suitable for protection, reinforcement and support in engineering. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tensioning device of this application.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure dispersion device of this application.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the fixed-end anchoring structure of this application.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the fixed-end anchoring structure of this application.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-segment composite cable structure used in this application.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Fixed-end anchor; 2. Tensioning-end pad; 3. Anchor cable; 4. Pressure dispersion device; 5. Positioning component; 6. Grouting pipe; 7. Exhaust grout outlet; 8. Multi-stage bearing body; 9. Positioning adjuster; 10. Force-limiting structure; 11. Anti-slip anchoring structure; 12. Limiting pressure plate; 13. Screw; 14. Fixed-end bearing body; 15. Guide cap; 16. Fixed-end anchoring sleeve; 17. Pressure plate; 18. Nut; 19. Bolt; 20. Extrusion sleeve; 21. Tensioning-end nut; 22. Tensioning-end anchoring sleeve; 23. Protective sleeve; 24. Sealing sleeve; 25. Spiral reinforcement; 26. Prestressed tendon strand; 27. Anti-corrosion material; 28. Sheath pipe; 29. ​​Connector; 21. Anchoring section L1; 22. Tensioning section L2. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] See Figures 1 to 6 An anchor bolt according to this application includes a fixed end anchor 1 and a tensioning end pad 2. One end of the anchor bolt body 3 is connected and fixed to the fixed end anchor 1, and the other end of the anchor bolt body 3 is connected and fixed to the tensioning end pad 2. The anchor bolt body 3 is characterized in that: one or more pressure dispersion devices 4 are provided on the outer circumference of the anchoring section L1 of the anchor bolt body 3; a grouting pipe 6 extending to the vicinity of the front end of the anchor bolt body 3 is inserted into the tensioning end pad 2; an exhaust grout outlet 7 is provided on the tensioning end pad 2; and the outer surface of the anchor bolt body 3 adopts an integral anti-corrosion structure.

[0031] The pressure dispersion device 4 includes a multi-stage bearing body 8, a positioning adjuster 9, a force limiting structure 10, an anti-slip anchoring structure 11, a limiting pressure plate 12, and screws 13. A central hole is opened in the center of the multi-stage bearing body 8, and a positioning adjuster 9 is installed in the central hole. A through hole is provided on the positioning adjuster 9. Anchor cables 3 are respectively inserted into the through hole on the positioning adjuster 9 and the central hole on the limiting pressure plate 12. A positioning adjuster 9 is installed between the outer circumference of the anchor cable 3 and the countersunk hole of the positioning adjuster 9. An anti-slip anchoring structure 11 is fixedly provided on the anchor cable 3 between the outer end face of the positioning adjuster 9 and the limiting pressure plate 12. Multiple screws 13 are installed on the outer circumference between the positioning adjuster 9 and the limiting pressure plate 12.

[0032] The fixed end anchor 1 includes a fixed end bearing body 14, a fixed end anchor sleeve 16, a pressure plate 17, a nut 18, and a bolt 19. The fixed end anchor sleeve 16 is fixedly installed at the end of the anchor cable 3, and the fixed end anchor sleeve 16 passes through the through hole opened in the center of the fixed end bearing body 14 and is fitted with a nut 18. A pressure plate 17 is provided on the front end face of the nut 18, and a bolt 19 is installed on the pressure plate 17.

[0033] The fixed end anchor 1 includes a fixed end bearing 14, a pressure plate 17, a bolt 19, and a compression sleeve 20. The end of the anchor cable 3 passes through a through hole opened in the center of the fixed end bearing 14 and is fixedly provided with a compression sleeve 20. The front end of the compression sleeve 20 is provided with a pressure plate 17 with a through hole. The pressure plate 17 is fixed to the fixed end bearing 14 by bolts 19.

[0034] The anchor cable 3 includes a cable body, anti-corrosion material 27, and a sheath 28. The cable body can be made of a single steel strand, steel wire, steel bar, or carbon fiber, or made of one or more of multiple steel strands, steel wires, steel bars, or fibers. The surface of the cable body or a single strand is coated with zinc, aluminum, magnesium, stainless steel, or alloy. One or more protective structures such as epoxy resin, plastic, or paint layers can also be provided on the surface of the cable body or a single strand. The cable body is made of prestressed steel strand 26, carbon fiber, or various forms of steel bars. The outer surface of the cable body is provided with a sheath 28 that can slide relative to it. The space between the outer surface of the cable body and the sheath 28 is filled with anti-corrosion material 27.

[0035] The anchor cable 3 can be a single integral structure, or it can be made of multiple sections of the same or different materials, with the ends of adjacent sections connected and fixed by connectors 29.

[0036] The anchor cable body 3 is provided with multiple positioning elements 5 at intervals. The positioning elements 5 are positioning rings or support frames. The pressure dispersion device 4 is provided with spiral ribs 25 around its periphery. One end of the anchor cable body 3 is equipped with a fixed end bearing body 14. The anchor cable body 3 and the fixed end bearing body 14 are fixed together by anchors.

[0037] The tensioning end pad 2 has a central through hole, one end of the anchor cable 3 passes through the central through hole, and a tensioning end anchor sleeve 22 is fixedly installed on the anchor cable 3. The tensioning end nut 21 is screwed onto the tensioning end anchor sleeve 22.

[0038] The anchor bolt cable 3 is fixedly provided with a protective fixed end anchor 1 and a guide cap 15 at its front end. The front end of the guide cap 15 is conical, spherical, or other shapes with a pointed front end.

[0039] The outer surface of the fixed end anchor sleeve 16 is provided with a protective sleeve 23, and the connection between the fixed end anchor sleeve 16, the protective sleeve 23 and the anchor cable body 3 is provided with a sealing sleeve 24.

[0040] Referring to the accompanying drawings, this application differs from traditional anchor bolt structures. Traditional anchor bolts rely primarily on the pull-out resistance provided by the fixed-end anchor at the bottom of the hole to bear the stress within the anchor hole. This application employs multiple pressure dispersion devices 4 to distribute the prestress at the anchoring points of each pressure dispersion device in the anchoring section. Furthermore, the stress level of each pressure dispersion device can be adjusted according to geological conditions. It can also precisely set the stress level of the corresponding pressure dispersion device 4 at different depths of the same anchor bolt to address variations in geological conditions. During construction, the anchoring section and free section can be grouted simultaneously in one go. After tensioning, the prestress can be transferred to the anchoring points of each pressure dispersion device and the bottom fixed end according to the design value, enabling precise stress control and offering advantages such as minimal shrinkage and low stress loss under the anchor. Simultaneously, this application utilizes an integrated anti-corrosion technology, providing excellent anti-corrosion performance throughout the entire length of the anchor bolt, meeting the anchoring construction requirements under conditions with high anti-corrosion requirements, such as underwater installations. The specific structure and principle are as follows:

[0041] The front end of the anchor cable 3 is connected and fixed to the fixed end anchor 1. The fixed end anchor 1 can adopt various structural forms, mainly the following two. Example 1: The fixed end anchor 1 includes a fixed end bearing 14, a fixed end anchor sleeve 16, a pressure plate 17, a nut 18, and a bolt 19. The fixed end anchor sleeve 16 is fixedly installed at the end of the anchor cable 3, and the fixed end anchor sleeve 16 passes through the through hole opened in the center of the fixed end bearing 14 and is fitted with a nut 18. A pressure plate 17 is provided on the front end face of the nut 18, and a bolt 19 is installed on the pressure plate 17.

[0042] Example 2: The fixed end anchor 1 includes a fixed end bearing 14, a pressure plate 17, a bolt 19, and a compression sleeve 20. The end of the anchor cable 3 passes through a through hole opened in the center of the fixed end bearing 14 and is fixedly provided with a compression sleeve 20. The front end of the compression sleeve 20 is provided with a pressure plate 17 with a through hole. The pressure plate 17 is fixed to the fixed end bearing 14 by bolts 19.

[0043] A guide cap 15 is installed and fixed on the fixed end bearing body 14. The guide cap 15 is used to provide external protection for the fixed end anchor 1 and the front end of the anchor rod cable 3. The front end of the guide cap 15 is conical, spherical or other shell shape with a pointed front end, which is also beneficial to guide the anchor rod as it enters the anchor hole.

[0044] The fixed-end anchor 1 is connected and fixed to one end of the anchor cable 3, and the other end of the anchor cable 3 is connected and fixed to the tension end pad 2. Multiple positioning elements 5 are spaced apart on the anchor cable 3. These positioning elements 5 are positioning rings or support frames, which can position and support the anchor cable 3. The anchor cable 3 can be a single cable structure, such as a cable structure made of prestressed steel strand 26, carbon fiber, or various forms of reinforcing steel. Alternatively, it can be composed of multiple segments of the same or different materials connected and fixed together. The ends of adjacent segments are connected and fixed together via connectors 29, forming a composite cable. For example, one segment of the anchor cable 3 may be made of NPR (Non-Resistant Polymer) cable, and the other segment may be made of prestressed steel strand. The ends of the two segments are connected and fixed together via connectors 29. This composite cable exhibits superior performance.

[0045] This application employs an integrated anti-corrosion technology. The outer surface of the anchor cable is fitted with a sliding sheath 28, and anti-corrosion material 27 is filled between the outer surface of the anchor cable and the sheath 28. The anti-corrosion material 27 can be made of anti-corrosion oil, grease, wax, or other non-drying materials. Alternatively, it can be an anti-corrosion coating or covering layer made of one or more alloys of materials such as zinc, magnesium, aluminum, and titanium on the outer surface of the anchor cable. It can also be made of epoxy resin, asphalt, plastic, nylon, and other polymer anti-corrosion materials as anti-corrosion fillers or layers. This achieves comprehensive and seamless anti-corrosion protection along the entire length of the anchor cable 3, enabling the anchor to meet high-standard anti-corrosion requirements in underwater and other application scenarios. A protective sleeve 23 is provided on the outer surface of the fixed-end anchor sleeve 16 or the tensioning-end anchor sleeve 22, and a sealing sleeve 24 is provided at the connection between the fixed-end anchor sleeve 16, the protective sleeve 23, and the anchor cable 3.

[0046] One or more pressure dispersion devices 4 are provided on the outer circumference of the anchor section L1 of the anchor cable body 3. The appropriate number of pressure dispersion devices 4 is selected according to the length of the anchor cable body 3 and the geological conditions and stress of the anchor installation. Each pressure dispersion device 4 can withstand a certain prestress, which is beneficial to distribute the prestress to each level of pressure dispersion device 4. The pressure dispersion device 4 has various structural forms, mainly including a multi-stage bearing body 8, a positioning adjuster 9, a force limiting structure 10, an anti-slip anchoring structure 11, a limiting pressure plate 12, and a screw 13. A central hole is opened in the center of the multi-stage bearing body 8, and a positioning adjuster 9 is installed in the central hole. The positioning adjuster 9 is provided with a through hole. The anchor cable 3 passes through the through hole on the positioning adjuster 9 and the central hole on the limiting pressure plate 12 respectively. The positioning adjuster 9 is installed between the outer circumference of the anchor cable 3 and the countersunk hole of the positioning adjuster 9. During use, the gap between the positioning adjuster 9 and the force limiting structure 10 is precisely adjusted according to the geological conditions and stress conditions, thereby enabling precise adjustment of the anchoring force on each pressure dispersion device 4. An anti-slip anchoring structure 11 is fixedly installed on the anchor cable body 3 between the outer end face of the positioning adjuster 9 and the limiting pressure plate 12. Multiple screws 13 are installed on the outer circumference between the positioning adjuster 9 and the limiting pressure plate 12. The anti-slip anchoring structure 11, the positioning adjuster 9, and the force limiting structure 10 are pressed onto the multi-stage bearing body 8 by the limiting pressure plate 12 and the screws 13.

[0047] Compared with existing ordinary anchor bolts, the performance parameters of this application are compared in the table below. Compared with traditional ordinary anchor bolts that can only be anchored at the bottom of the anchor hole, this application significantly improves the stress distribution of the anchor bolt, increases the anchoring force, and enhances its pull-out resistance. More importantly, this application can precisely set the stress magnitude of the pressure dispersion device 4 at the corresponding location based on the differences in geological conditions at different depths of the same anchor bolt. This ensures that soil or rock layers at different depths and with different geological conditions can be subjected to the most reasonable stress.

[0048] Anchor bolt length (m) 4 6 8 10 Tensile stress (MPa) 930 930 930 930 Elongation at break (mm / m) 7 7 7 7 Anchor bolt tension elongation (mm) 28 42 56 70 Clip-on anchor bolt retraction amount (mm) 5 5 5 5 Prestress loss rate due to shrinkage (%) 17.86 11.90 8.93 7.14

[0049] Existing anchor bolt performance parameters

[0050] Anchor bolt length (m) 4 6 8 10 Tensile stress (MPa) 930 930 930 930 Elongation at break (mm / m) 7 7 7 7 Anchor bolt tension elongation (mm) 28 42 56 70 Clip-on anchor bolt retraction amount (mm) 1 1 1 1 Prestress loss rate due to shrinkage (%) 3.57 2.38 1.79 1.43

[0051] The anchor bolt performance parameters of this application

[0052] A tensioning end pad 2 is provided on the tensioning end outside the anchor hole. A central through hole is provided on the tensioning end pad 2, and one end of the anchor cable 3 passes through the central through hole. A tensioning end anchoring sleeve 22 is fixedly provided on the anchor cable 3. A tensioning end nut 21 is provided on the outer end of the anchor cable 3, located outside the tensioning end pad 2. The connection and fixation between the anchor cable 3 and the tensioning end anchoring sleeve 22 are achieved. A through hole is provided on the tensioning end pad 2 for inserting a grouting pipe 6. After the grouting pipe 6 passes through the tensioning end pad 2, it extends to near the front end of the anchor cable 3, ensuring that the grout can enter the bottom of the fixed end anchor 1 during grouting. An vent overflow port 7 is provided on the tensioning end pad 2, allowing venting during grouting. The overflow of grout from the vent overflow port 7 indicates whether the grout has been filled. In addition, spiral reinforcement 25 is provided around the anchor bolt cable body 3 and the pressure dispersion device 4. Spiral reinforcement 25 can enhance the overall structural strength after the anchor hole is grouted.

[0053] The above description is a further detailed explanation of this application in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should not be assumed that the specific implementation of this application is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which this application pertains, any simple modifications and substitutions made without departing from the concept of this application should be considered to fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An anchor bolt, comprising a fixed-end anchor (1) and a tension-end pad (2), wherein one end of the anchor bolt cable (3) is fixedly connected to the fixed-end anchor (1), and the other end of the anchor bolt cable (3) is fixedly connected to the tension-end pad (2), characterized in that: The anchor section L1 of the anchor cable body (3) is provided with one or more pressure dispersion devices (4) at intervals. A grouting pipe (6) extending to the front end of the anchor cable body (3) is inserted into the tension end pad (2). An exhaust grout outlet (7) is opened on the tension end pad (2). The outer surface of the anchor cable body (3) adopts an integral anti-corrosion structure.

2. An anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure dispersion device (4) includes a multi-stage bearing body (8), a positioning adjuster (9), a force limiting structure (10), an anti-slip anchoring structure (11), a limiting pressure plate (12), and screws (13). A central hole is opened in the center of the multi-stage bearing body (8), and a positioning adjuster (9) is installed in the central hole. A through hole is provided on the positioning adjuster (9). Anchor cables (3) are inserted into the through hole on the positioning adjuster (9) and the central hole on the limiting pressure plate (12) respectively. A positioning adjuster (9) is installed between the outer circumference of the anchor cable (3) and the countersunk hole of the positioning adjuster (9). An anti-slip anchoring structure (11) is fixedly provided on the anchor cable (3) between the outer end face of the positioning adjuster (9) and the limiting pressure plate (12). Multiple screws (13) are installed on the outer circumference between the positioning adjuster (9) and the limiting pressure plate (12).

3. An anchor bolt according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixed end anchor (1) includes a fixed end bearing body (14), a fixed end anchor sleeve (16), a pressure plate (17), a nut (18), and a bolt (19). The end of the anchor cable (3) is fixedly provided with a fixed end anchor sleeve (16), and the fixed end anchor sleeve (16) passes through the through hole opened in the center of the fixed end bearing body (14) and is equipped with a nut (18). A pressure plate (17) is provided on the front end face of the nut (18), and a bolt (19) is installed on the pressure plate (17).

4. An anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed end anchor (1) includes a fixed end bearing (14), a pressure plate (17), a bolt (19), and a compression sleeve (20). The end of the anchor cable (3) passes through the through hole opened in the center of the fixed end bearing (14) and is fixedly provided with a compression sleeve (20). The front end of the compression sleeve (20) is provided with a pressure plate (17) with a through hole. The pressure plate (17) is fixed to the fixed end bearing (14) by bolts (19).

5. An anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor cable body (3) includes a cable body, anti-corrosion material (27) and a sheath (28). The cable body can be made of a single steel strand, steel wire, steel bar, or carbon fiber, or made of one or more of multiple steel strands, steel wires, steel bars, or fibers. The surface of the cable body or a single strand is provided with zinc, aluminum, magnesium, stainless steel, or alloy. One or more protective structures such as epoxy resin, plastic, or paint layer can also be provided on the surface of the cable body or a single strand. The cable body is made of prestressed steel strand (26), carbon fiber cable structure, or various forms of steel bars. The outer surface of the cable body is provided with a sheath (28) that can slide relative to it. The space between the outer surface of the cable body and the sheath (28) is filled with anti-corrosion material (27).

6. An anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor cable (3) is made of multiple sections of the same or different materials, and the ends of adjacent sections are connected and fixed by connectors (29).

7. An anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor cable body (3) is provided with multiple positioning parts (5) at intervals. The positioning parts (5) are positioning rings or support frames. The pressure dispersion device (4) is provided with spiral reinforcement (25) around its periphery. The anchor cable body (3) is provided with a fixed end bearing body (14) at one end of the fixed end anchor (1). The anchor cable body (3) and the fixed end bearing body (14) are fixed together by anchors.

8. An anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning end pad (2) has a central through hole, one end of the anchor cable (3) passes through the central through hole, and a tensioning end anchor sleeve (22) is fixedly installed on the anchor cable (3). The tensioning end nut (21) is screwed onto the tensioning end anchor sleeve (22).

9. An anchor bolt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor cable body (3) is fixedly provided with a protective fixed end anchor (1) and a guide cap (15) at the front end. The front end of the guide cap (15) is conical, spherical or pointed.

10. An anchor bolt according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer surface of the fixed end anchor sleeve (16) is provided with a protective sleeve (23), and a sealing sleeve (24) is provided at the connection between the fixed end anchor sleeve (16), the protective sleeve (23) and the anchor cable body (3).

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