All-terrain vehicle
By setting the exhaust manifold flange and the exhaust port flange in parallel, partially overlapping the supercharging components, and utilizing water jacket cooling, the installation hole angle is optimized, solving the problem of difficult exhaust manifold assembly for all-terrain vehicles, improving assembly efficiency and maintenance convenience, and extending system life.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHEJIANG CFMOTO POWER CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-26
Smart Images
Figure CN224413747U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle technology, specifically to an all-terrain vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] All-terrain vehicles (ATVs) are used for safe driving on various terrains. Due to differences in terrain and user driving habits, ATVs require strong power output. However, due to size limitations, the engine is generally located at the rear of the ATV. Furthermore, because ATVs are relatively compact, space must be considered in their development, assembly, and transportation. Generally, mounting the engine vertically on the chassis allows for full utilization of the vertical space, enabling the installation of a larger engine within a given length. However, under this arrangement, for ATVs with superchargers or other components, insufficient space may make assembly of the exhaust manifold to the engine difficult or impossible, significantly reducing assembly efficiency and increasing subsequent maintenance costs. Utility Model Content
[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an all-terrain vehicle with a high-power engine and an easy-to-assemble exhaust manifold.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0005] An all-terrain vehicle includes: a frame; a body panel at least partially disposed on the frame; a running gear disposed below the frame; a power system including an engine, an exhaust manifold, and a supercharger assembly. The engine has a centerline and is aligned with the frame. The engine also has an intake port and an exhaust port. Along the longitudinal direction of the frame, the intake port is located at the front of the engine, and the exhaust port has an exhaust port flange located at the rear of the engine. The exhaust manifold is connected to the exhaust port flange via the exhaust manifold flange. The supercharger assembly is disposed on the exhaust manifold, and along the mounting direction of the exhaust manifold and the exhaust port, the supercharger assembly at least partially overlaps with the exhaust port flange. The exhaust port flange has a flange end face, which is a plane. The exhaust port flange has a first mounting hole penetrating the flange end face, and the exhaust manifold flange has a second mounting hole. When a fastener passes through both the first and second mounting holes simultaneously, the exhaust manifold flange is connected to the exhaust port flange via the fastener. The centerline is substantially parallel to the plane containing the flange end face.
[0006] Furthermore, when viewed from the width direction of the all-terrain vehicle, the centerline intersects the straight line extending from the first mounting hole.
[0007] Furthermore, the extension direction of the second mounting hole is substantially parallel to the extension direction of the first mounting hole.
[0008] Furthermore, multiple first mounting holes are provided, and the multiple first mounting holes are distributed around the exhaust port.
[0009] Furthermore, the booster assembly is at least partially disposed in the exhaust direction after the exhaust manifold is installed to the exhaust port.
[0010] Furthermore, the engine includes a cylinder head, inside which a water jacket is disposed, distributed around the connection between the exhaust manifold and the exhaust port. The supercharger assembly is at least partially positioned in the exhaust direction after the exhaust manifold is installed to the exhaust port.
[0011] Furthermore, the extension direction of the first mounting hole intersects with the flange end face at an inclination.
[0012] Furthermore, the first mounting hole includes a first type of connection hole and a second type of connection hole. Along the height direction of the engine, the extension direction of the first type of connection hole is inclined upward, and the extension direction of the second type of connection hole is inclined downward.
[0013] Furthermore, the second mounting hole is formed with a third type of connecting hole that mates with the first type of connecting hole, and a fourth type of connecting hole that mates with the second type of connecting hole.
[0014] Furthermore, along the installation direction of the exhaust manifold and the exhaust port, the power system also includes a component, at least part of which obstructs the installation of the exhaust manifold to the exhaust port.
[0015] The advantages of this utility model are: by setting the exhaust manifold flange parallel to the exhaust port mounting surface, the exhaust efficiency of the engine is higher and the exhaust manifold installation is more convenient. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the all-terrain vehicle provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0017] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the power system of the all-terrain vehicle provided in this application being mounted on the vehicle frame;
[0018] Figure 3 This is a side view of the power system of the all-terrain vehicle provided in this application embodiment mounted on the vehicle frame;
[0019] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the power system of the all-terrain vehicle provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0020] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the supercharger assembly and exhaust manifold connected to the cylinder head of the all-terrain vehicle provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0021] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the supercharger assembly and exhaust manifold connected to the cylinder head of the all-terrain vehicle provided in this application embodiment;
[0022] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the exhaust port flange of the all-terrain vehicle provided in this application embodiment when the flange end face is parallel to the centerline;
[0023] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the water jacket portion of the all-terrain vehicle provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0024] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the exhaust port flange of the all-terrain vehicle provided in this application embodiment when the flange end face is parallel to the centerline;
[0025] Figure 10 This is provided by the embodiments of this application. Figure 9 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;
[0026] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of a portion of the structure of the exhaust port flange of the all-terrain vehicle provided in this application embodiment, when the flange end face is parallel to the centerline and the second type of connection hole is inclined downwards.
[0027] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure of the exhaust port flange of the all-terrain vehicle provided in this application embodiment, when the flange end face is parallel to the centerline and the second type of connection hole is inclined downward. Detailed Implementation
[0028] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this application provides an all-terrain vehicle 100, which includes a frame 11, a body panel 12, a running gear 13, and a power system 14. The frame 11 forms the basic skeleton of the all-terrain vehicle 100, the body panel 12 is at least partially mounted on the frame 11, and the running gear 13 is located under the frame 11 and can be driven by the power system 14. In some embodiments, the all-terrain vehicle 100 also includes a transmission system (not shown) for transmitting power from the power system 14 to the running gear 13.
[0029] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the power system 14 is mounted on the frame 11 and is suspended or fixed to the frame 11 by fasteners 1421a. To clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the following are also defined: Figure 2The diagram shows the upper, lower, left, right, front, and rear sides. The vertical direction represents the height of the all-terrain vehicle 100, the horizontal direction represents its width, and the front-rear direction represents its length. In one implementation, the power system 14 includes a gearbox 141 and an engine 142, which share a housing and form an assembly. The engine 142 has a cylinder head 1421 mounted vertically on the frame 11. The cylinder head 1421 has a longitudinal centerline, defined as the centerline 101 of the engine 142. When the all-terrain vehicle 100 is on the horizontal plane 102, the centerline 101 is substantially perpendicular to the horizontal plane 102. It needs further explanation here that, due to assembly or manufacturing errors, when the centerline 101 is tilted within a preset range relative to the horizontal plane 102, such as within ±5°, it is also considered that the extension direction of the cylinder head 1421 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane 102. That is, when the angle between the centerline 101 and the horizontal plane 102 is between -85° and 85°, it is also considered that the centerline 101 is substantially perpendicular to the horizontal plane 102. Furthermore, the engine 142 also includes an intake port (not shown) and an exhaust port 1421b. As one implementation, both the intake port and the exhaust port 1421b are located on the cylinder head 1421. Along the longitudinal direction of the frame 11, the intake port is located on the front side of the engine 142, and the exhaust port 1421b is located on the rear side of the engine 142. The intake port is connected to the intake assembly (not shown), and the exhaust port 1421b is connected to the exhaust assembly 143. In one illustrative configuration, the exhaust assembly 143 includes an exhaust manifold 1431, an exhaust pipe 1432, and a muffler 1433. The exhaust manifold 1431, the exhaust pipe 1432, and the muffler 1433 are sequentially connected and disposed behind the exhaust port 1421b. One end of the exhaust manifold 1431 is connected to the exhaust pipe 1432, and the other end of the exhaust manifold 1431 is connected to the exhaust port 1421b.
[0030] like Figures 5 to 6As shown, in one implementation, an exhaust port 1421b of the engine 142 is provided with an exhaust port flange 1421c, and an exhaust manifold flange 1431a of the exhaust manifold 1431 is provided. The exhaust manifold flange 1431a can cooperate with the exhaust port flange 1421c of the exhaust port 1421b to connect the exhaust manifold 1431 to the exhaust port 1421b of the engine 1422. Specifically, the exhaust port flange 1421c of the exhaust port 1421b has a flange end face 1421d, which extends in a predetermined plane, and a first mounting hole 1421e is provided on the flange end face 1421d. The exhaust manifold 1431 and exhaust manifold flange 1431a have a flange connection surface 1431b. A second mounting hole 1431c is provided on the flange connection surface 1431b. When the flange connection surface 1431b mates with the flange end face 1421d and the second mounting hole 1431c aligns with the first mounting hole 1421e, the exhaust manifold 1431 and exhaust manifold flange 1431a are connected to the exhaust port 1421b and exhaust port flange 1421c via fasteners 1421a. Understandably, due to the special structure of the exhaust manifold 1431, it is required to have a significant degree of bending in its transverse plane. However, because the all-terrain vehicle 100 itself has a relatively compact structure, the exhaust manifold 1431 cannot produce much bending in its longitudinal direction. Therefore, when the exhaust manifold 1431 is installed to the exhaust port 1421b, a certain amount of space needs to be reserved on the outside of the exhaust port 1421b for assembly. It is important to emphasize that, due to the relatively compact space of the all-terrain vehicle 100, and the need for exhaust manifold 1431, exhaust pipe 1432, and muffler 1433 to meet exhaust requirements, the space allocated for these components is significantly limited. This places higher demands on the layout space of the all-terrain vehicle 100. Specifically, it must meet both functional requirements and the needs for layout, assembly, and maintenance. Given that the all-terrain vehicle 100 operates primarily in the field, and requires high ease of maintenance, the placement and arrangement of the exhaust assembly 143 are crucial for its installation. Therefore, due to the structural limitations of the all-terrain vehicle 100, the installation space between the exhaust manifold 1431 and the exhaust port 1421b can only be improved within the existing spatial structure, and cannot be further expanded. Furthermore, in one illustrative configuration, the powertrain 14 further includes a turbocharger 144 and an intercooler 145. The turbocharger 144 is used to improve the intake performance and combustion efficiency of the engine 142. The intercooler 145 is located at the upper end of the engine 142 and is used to dissipate heat from the engine 142. Specifically, the turbocharger 144 includes a compressor 1441, a turbine 1442, and an intercooler 1443.The turbine 1442 is located at the rear end of the exhaust manifold 1431, while both the compressor 1441 and the turbine 1442 are mounted on the intermediate body 1443. All of these structures are at least partially positioned in the installation direction from the exhaust manifold 1431 to the exhaust port 1421b. Specifically, along the exhaust direction of the exhaust port 1421b, the aforementioned booster assembly 144 or other components at least partially overlap with the exhaust port flange 1421c at the interface with the exhaust manifold 1431. In other words, when the exhaust manifold 1431 is installed to the exhaust port 1421b, at least a portion of the booster assembly 144 or other obstructions hinder the installation of the exhaust manifold 1431 to the exhaust port 1421b. This significantly reduces the installation space required for the exhaust manifold 1431 to be installed to the exhaust port 1421b, thereby decreasing the assembly efficiency of the engine 142 and the convenience of subsequent maintenance.
[0031] To meet assembly requirements, it is first necessary to ensure that the connection between the exhaust port 1421b and the exhaust manifold 1431 has a sufficient length to allow enough space between the exhaust port 1421b, the flange, and the exhaust manifold 1431 for fastener 1421a to be driven in. Fastener 1421a can be at least one of screws, rivets, or other connecting elements. Figure 5 As shown, due to the presence of the supercharger assembly 144 or other obstructions, the installation space for the exhaust manifold 1431 to be installed at the exhaust port 1421b is severely compressed, making assembly very difficult or requiring additional tools, causing great inconvenience to the operator. In fact, in non-professional scenarios or when operated by non-professionals, there may even be situations where the exhaust manifold 1431 cannot be installed at the exhaust port 1421b, thus posing a greater challenge to the later maintenance of the engine 142.
[0032] like Figures 7 to 8As shown, in this embodiment, the flange end face 1421d is arranged parallel to the center line 101. This arrangement shortens the extension length of the connection between the exhaust manifold 1431 and the exhaust port 1421b, reducing the heat stored at this connection point during engine 142 operation and extending its service life. This is particularly beneficial when the engine 142 has high power output, significantly mitigating the high-temperature problem caused by its turbocharger structure. Furthermore, it improves the exhaust efficiency of the exhaust port, further reducing the impact of high temperatures. To further reduce the operating temperature of the engine 142, the engine 142 also includes a water jacket 1421h, in which circulating water carries away the heat generated inside the engine 142 during operation. In the prior art, the temperature at the connection between the exhaust port and the exhaust manifold is high during engine operation, and this heat can only be dissipated through air cooling or natural cooling. In this embodiment, by further reducing the temperature at the connection between the exhaust port 1421b and the exhaust manifold 1431, the engine's performance and service life are improved. Specifically, a water jacket 1421h is at least partially disposed within the cylinder head 1421 at the connection between the exhaust port 1421b and the exhaust manifold 1431. More specifically, the water jacket 1421h is disposed inside the cylinder head 1421 to cool the internal space of the cylinder head 1421 when the engine 142 is operating. In this embodiment, the water jacket 1421h is arranged to surround the exhaust port 1421b and extend to the connection between the exhaust port 1421b and the exhaust manifold 1431, thereby fully utilizing the coolant in the water jacket 1421h to cool the temperature at the interface between the exhaust port and the exhaust manifold 1431, greatly reducing the heat dissipation pressure of the entire power system 14, enabling the entire power system 14 to operate continuously at high power and adapt to harsher driving environments. Through the above arrangement, it facilitates the installation of the exhaust manifold 1431, facilitates the exhaust of the engine 142, and reduces the heat stored at the interface between the exhaust port 1421b and the exhaust manifold 1431, thereby improving the service life of the entire system.
[0033] like Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, in one implementation, the extension direction of the first mounting hole 1421e is also inclined relative to the flange end face 1421d, so that the extension direction of the first mounting hole 1421e is deviated from the direction of the supercharger assembly 144 or the obstacle, thereby facilitating the installation of the exhaust manifold 1431. Specifically, the straight line in which the extension direction of the first mounting hole 1421e is defined as the extension line 103. Viewed from the width direction of the engine 142, this extension line 103 intersects the center line 101 at an incline and forms a first included angle α. The range of the first included angle α is 35° to 55°. This configuration allows the extension directions of the first mounting hole 1421e and the second mounting hole 1431c between the exhaust port 1421b, exhaust port flange 1421c, and exhaust manifold 1431, exhaust manifold flange 1431a, to intersect the installation direction at an angle. This allows the exhaust manifold 1431 to be assembled onto the exhaust port 1421b from above the flange end face 1421d, freeing up installation space and making the assembly of the exhaust port 1421b and exhaust manifold 1431 more convenient. It should be noted that the angled extension direction of the first mounting hole 1421e relative to the flange end face 1421d, after the first mounting hole 1421e and the second mounting hole 1431c are aligned, results in their angled intersection with the installation direction due to the inherent inclination of the first mounting hole 1421e. Therefore, the installation direction here is also the extension direction of the first mounting hole 1421e. Furthermore, since the original arrangement between the exhaust manifold 1431 and the exhaust port 1421b is retained, the above arrangement ensures that the actual distance between the exhaust port 1421b and the exhaust manifold 1431 is not increased, thus facilitating the rapid discharge of high-temperature gases. It should be explained that when the engine 142 is operating, the heat it generates is continuous, and the high-temperature, high-pressure exhaust gases need to be discharged into the atmosphere through the entire exhaust assembly 143. Because the cylinder head 1421, where the exhaust port 1421b is located, and the exhaust manifold 1431 need to possess special material properties capable of absorbing and containing temperatures of approximately 800°C to 1000°C, it is necessary to minimize the heat stored at the interface between the exhaust port 1421b and the exhaust manifold 1431 to prevent it from significantly affecting surrounding components. The above-mentioned design reduces unnecessary extension length at the connection between the exhaust manifold 1431 and the exhaust port 1421b, which facilitates installation, facilitates exhaust, and reduces the heat stored at the interface between the exhaust port 1421b and the exhaust manifold 1431, thereby improving the service life of the entire system.
[0034] Furthermore, the first included angle α ranges from 40° to 50°. By further optimizing the setting range of the first angle, the installation between the exhaust port 1421b and the exhaust manifold 1431 becomes more convenient, and no significant changes to the original mold are required, thereby reducing mold costs. In addition, the appropriate included angle setting allows the operator to more easily disassemble and assemble the exhaust manifold 1431 for maintenance or assembly. Understandably, multiple first mounting holes 1421e can be provided, distributed around the exhaust port 1421b; at the same time, multiple second mounting holes 1431c are also provided, and the connection strength between the exhaust port 1421b and the exhaust manifold 1431 is increased through the cooperation of multiple first mounting holes 1421e and second mounting holes 1431c.
[0035] like Figures 11 to 12 As shown, in this embodiment, the first mounting hole 1421e is further configured to include a first type of connecting hole 1421f and a second type of connecting hole 1421g. Along the height direction of the engine 142, the first type of connecting hole 1421f is inclined upwards, and the second type of connecting hole 1421g is inclined downwards. This configuration effectively avoids interference from the supercharger assembly 144, making the installation of the exhaust manifold 1431 and the exhaust port 1421b more convenient. It should be explained that because the arrangement and shape of the supercharger assembly 144 are uncertain, its obstruction to the exhaust manifold 1431 is distributed in different areas, and setting different installation directions facilitates the installation of the exhaust manifold 1431. Specifically, the first type of connecting hole 1421f facilitates the installation of the fastener 1421a from above the exhaust manifold 1431, and the second type of connecting hole 1421g facilitates the installation of the fastener 1421a from below the exhaust manifold 1431. In one illustrative configuration, the first type of connection hole 1421f can also be configured to be perpendicular to the flange end face 1421d, in which case the second type of connection hole 1421g is inclined downwards. Understandably, the second mounting hole 1431c on the exhaust manifold flange 1431a forms a third type of connection hole 1431d that mates with the first type of connection hole 1421f, and a fourth type of connection hole 1431e that mates with the second type of connection hole 1421g. The extension direction of the first type of connection hole 1421f is consistent with the extension direction of the third type of connection hole 1431d, and the extension direction of the second type of connection hole 1421g is consistent with the extension direction of the fourth type of connection hole 1431e.
[0036] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 12The pre-defined straight line 104 extending from the second type of connecting hole 1421g intersects the center line 101 at an angle β, which, as one implementation, ranges from 35° to 55°. With this configuration, the fastener 1421a can be connected to the second type of connecting hole 1421g in a direction away from obstacles, thereby maximizing the ease of assembly between the exhaust manifold 1431 and the exhaust port 1421b without altering the existing design. Furthermore, the pre-defined angle β ranges from 40° to 50°. Within this angle range, the fastener 1421a can be more easily fixed to the fourth type of connecting hole 1431e and the second type of connecting hole 1421g. It is understood that the first mounting hole 1421e is not limited to the two configurations described above. As long as the installation requirements are met, and the obstruction of obstacles is avoided while also satisfying strength requirements, a third type of connecting hole similar to the first type of connecting hole 1421f and the second type of connecting hole 1421g, or a combination thereof, can also exist. Meanwhile, the second mounting hole 1431c also has an N+1 type of connection hole that mates with the aforementioned N type of connection hole, thus meeting assembly requirements. It should be further explained that the aforementioned types of connection holes do not necessarily need to be entirely located on the exhaust port flange 1421c or exhaust manifold flange 1431a. When the location of an obstacle is unusual, making it impossible to directly and effectively assemble the exhaust manifold 1431 onto the exhaust port 1421b via the exhaust port flange 1421c or exhaust manifold flange 1431a, the aforementioned N type or N+1 type of connection hole can also be located on other parts of the exhaust port 1421b or exhaust manifold 1431.
[0037] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit this utility model in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. An all-terrain vehicle, comprising: Frame; A body panel, at least partially disposed on the vehicle frame; A running gear is located below the vehicle frame; A powertrain system includes an engine, an exhaust manifold, and a supercharger assembly. The engine has a centerline and is mounted in parallel to the vehicle frame. The engine also has an intake port and an exhaust port. Along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle frame, the intake port is located at the front of the engine, and the exhaust port has an exhaust port flange located at the rear of the engine. The exhaust manifold is connected to the exhaust port flange via an exhaust manifold flange. The supercharger assembly is disposed on the exhaust manifold, and along the mounting direction of the exhaust manifold and the exhaust port, the supercharger assembly at least partially overlaps with the exhaust port flange. Its features are, The exhaust port flange has a flange end face, which is a plane. The exhaust port flange has a first mounting hole that penetrates the flange end face. The exhaust manifold flange has a second mounting hole. When a fastener passes through both the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, the exhaust manifold flange is connected to the exhaust port flange by the fastener. The centerline is substantially parallel to the plane containing the flange end face.
2. The all-terrain vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Viewed from the width direction of the all-terrain vehicle, the centerline intersects the extended straight line containing the extension direction of the first mounting hole.
3. The all-terrain vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extension direction of the second mounting hole is substantially parallel to the extension direction of the first mounting hole.
4. The all-terrain vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first mounting hole is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple first mounting holes are distributed around the exhaust port.
5. The all-terrain vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The booster assembly is at least partially positioned in the exhaust direction after the exhaust manifold is installed to the exhaust port.
6. The all-terrain vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The engine includes a cylinder head, and a water jacket is provided inside the cylinder head. The water jacket is distributed around the connection between the exhaust manifold and the exhaust port.
7. The all-terrain vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extension direction of the first mounting hole intersects the flange end face at an inclination.
8. The all-terrain vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first mounting hole includes a first type of connection hole and a second type of connection hole. Along the height direction of the engine, the first type of connection hole is inclined upward and the second type of connection hole is inclined downward.
9. The all-terrain vehicle according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second mounting hole includes a third type of connecting hole that mates with the first type of connecting hole, and a fourth type of connecting hole that mates with the second type of connecting hole.
10. The all-terrain vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the installation direction of the exhaust manifold and the exhaust port, the power system further includes a component, at least a portion of which obstructs the installation of the exhaust manifold to the exhaust port.