Fluidized bed incinerator

Abstract

The application discloses a fluidized bed incinerator, and relates to the field of incinerators, which comprises a furnace body, a combustion component, a wind guide pipe, a waste material feeding pipe, a discharging port, a connecting box, a protection assembly and a bearing assembly. A reduction motor drives a lifting plate to lift up and down through a crankshaft. Two adjacent lifting plates respectively ascend and descend, thereby driving a sleeve plate and a connecting plate to tilt. The sludge accumulated on the upper surfaces of the sleeve plate and the connecting plate is dispersed through the tilting of the sleeve plate and the connecting plate, thereby avoiding deposition and agglomeration and improving the efficiency of sludge fluidization. In the combustion process, the flame enters the cooling pipe through the conical pipe. The metal filter plate and the flame-retardant medium arranged in the cooling pipe are used to realize the shunting and cooling of the flame through the metal filter plate and to avoid the rekindling of the flame in the cooling pipe through the flame-retardant medium. The flame entering the feeding pipe is shunted through the guide plate, so that the flame enters the cooling pipe through the inclined guide pipe, and the flame in the feeding pipe is weakened, thereby avoiding backfire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of incinerator technology, and in particular to a fluidized bed incinerator. Background Technology

[0002] Sludge treatment involves processes such as concentration, conditioning, dewatering, stabilization, drying, or incineration to reduce volume, stabilize, and render harmless the sludge. Incineration requires the use of an incinerator, with fluidized bed incinerators being a commonly used method.

[0003] Fluidized bed incineration mainly relies on the high heat capacity, strong mixing and heat transfer of the high-temperature fluidized bed material in the furnace to rapidly heat up and ignite the waste fed into the furnace, forming uniform combustion throughout the entire bed. During the combustion process, the waste in the furnace is blown up by the blower at the bottom of the furnace, so that the sludge particles are in a fluid state. Then, the added combustion aid is added to burn the waste. After the sludge is treated by combustion, it is discharged through the discharge port set at the top of the incinerator.

[0004] Existing fluidized bed incinerators use air blowers at the bottom to lift the sludge inside the incinerator. By gradually increasing the air force, the sludge is made into a fluid state. However, the sludge deposited at the bottom of the incinerator tends to clump together under the influence of gravity. This means that when the air force lifts the clumps of sludge, it has already exceeded the limit for sludge fluidization. The air force needs to be gradually reduced to adjust to a suitable level, resulting in low fluidization efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a fluidized bed incinerator.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: a fluidized bed incinerator, including a furnace body, a combustion component is provided inside the furnace body, an air guide pipe is provided at the bottom of the furnace body, a waste feed pipe is provided on the outer surface of the furnace body, a discharge port is provided at the top of the furnace body, a connecting box is fixedly connected to the side of the furnace body, a protective component is provided inside the connecting box, and a load-bearing component is provided inside the furnace body;

[0009] The load-bearing assembly includes a crankshaft movably connected to the inner wall of the furnace body via a bearing seat. A plurality of lifting plates are movably connected to the outer surface of the crankshaft. Two connecting blocks are fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plates. A connecting shaft is movably connected inside the connecting blocks. A connecting sleeve is movably connected to the outer surface of the connecting shaft. A sleeve plate is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting sleeve. A connecting plate is slidably connected inside the sleeve plate.

[0010] The protective assembly includes two combustion-supporting agent inlet pipes that are interspersed inside the connecting box. A guide plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the combustion-supporting agent inlet pipe, and an inclined guide pipe is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the combustion-supporting agent inlet pipe. A cooling pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the inclined guide pipe away from the combustion-supporting agent inlet pipe, and a conical pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the cooling pipe near the furnace body. The conical pipe is connected to the interior of the furnace body, and several metal filter plates are fixedly connected to the interior of the cooling pipe. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the end of the cooling pipe away from the furnace body.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the fluidized bed incinerator described in this utility model, a geared motor is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the furnace body, and the output end of the geared motor is fixedly connected to one end of the crankshaft through one end of the furnace body. A heat insulation component is provided at the connection between the geared motor and the crankshaft. A fan is externally connected to the end of the air duct away from the furnace body, and a feeding component is provided at the end of the fuel feed pipe away from the furnace body.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the fluidized bed incinerator described in this utility model, the sleeve plate and the connecting plate are provided with several small holes. The diameter of the holes is sufficient to ensure that sludge cannot pass through the holes. The inner wall of the furnace body is provided with a limiting groove that cooperates with the lifting plate. The interior of the furnace body is provided with a groove. The two connecting shafts located on both sides are movably connected to the inner wall of the groove.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the fluidized bed incinerator described in this utility model, the sleeve plate has a cavity inside, a plurality of limiting blocks are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting plate, the inner wall of the cavity is provided with a sliding groove that cooperates with the limiting blocks, and the sum of the lengths of two adjacent sleeve plates is the same as the distance between the two lifting plates.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the fluidized bed incinerator described in this utility model, valves are provided at the top of the connecting pipe, the waste inlet, the gas guide pipe, and the inside of the combustion aid inlet pipe.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the fluidized bed incinerator described in this utility model, the cooling pipe has several cavities inside, the cavities inside the cooling pipe are filled with flame-retardant medium, and the metal filter plate has multiple layers of small holes inside.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0017] This utility model provides a fluidized bed incinerator. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The geared motor drives the lifting plate to rise and fall through the crankshaft. The two adjacent lifting plates rise and fall respectively, thereby causing the sleeve plate and connecting plate to tilt. The tilting of the sleeve plate and connecting plate disperses the sludge accumulated on the surface of the sleeve plate and connecting plate, thereby avoiding sedimentation and clumping and improving the efficiency of sludge fluidization.

[0019] 2. During combustion, the flame enters the cooling pipe through the cone tube. It passes through the metal filter plate and flame-retardant medium installed inside the cooling pipe. The flame is diverted and cooled through the multiple layers of small holes inside the metal filter plate. The flame-retardant medium also prevents the flame from reigniting inside the cooling pipe. The flame entering the feed pipe is diverted by the guide plate, so that the flame enters the cooling pipe through the inclined guide tube. The flame in the feed pipe is weakened, thereby preventing backfire. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the load-bearing component of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the sleeve plate of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the sleeve plate of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the protective component of this utility model.

[0026] In the diagram, 1. Furnace body; 2. Connecting box; 3. Waste feed pipe; 4. Air duct; 5. Bearing component; 501. Connecting block; 502. Lifting plate; 503. Crankshaft; 504. Gear motor; 505. Connecting plate; 506. Sleeve plate; 507. Connecting shaft; 508. Connecting sleeve; 509. Limiting block; 6. Discharge port; 7. Protective component; 701. Cooling pipe; 702. Conical pipe; 703. Combustion aid feed pipe; 704. Guide plate; 705. Inclined guide pipe; 706. Valve; 707. Connecting pipe; 708. Metal filter plate. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a fluidized bed incinerator, including a furnace body 1. A combustion component is provided inside the furnace body 1. An air guide pipe 4 is provided at the bottom of the furnace body 1. A waste feed pipe 3 is provided on the outer surface of the furnace body 1. A discharge port 6 is provided at the top of the furnace body 1. A connecting box 2 is fixedly connected to the side of the furnace body 1. A protective component 7 is provided inside the connecting box 2. A load-bearing component 5 is provided inside the furnace body 1. The load-bearing component 5 includes a crankshaft 503 movably connected to the inner wall of the furnace body 1 through a bearing seat. A plurality of lifting plates 502 are movably connected to the outer surface of the crankshaft 503. Two connecting blocks 501 are fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plates 502. A connecting shaft 507 is movably connected inside the connecting blocks 501. A connecting sleeve 508 is movably connected to the outer surface of the connecting shaft 507. A sleeve plate 506 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting sleeve 508. A connecting plate 505 is slidably connected inside the sleeve plate 506.

[0030] Specifically, a geared motor 504 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the furnace body 1. The output end of the geared motor 504 passes through one end of the furnace body 1 and is fixedly connected to one end of the crankshaft 503. A heat insulation component is provided at the connection between the geared motor 504 and the crankshaft 503. A fan is connected to the end of the air duct 4 away from the furnace body 1. A feeding component is provided at the end of the combustion aid inlet pipe 703 away from the furnace body 1. Several small holes are provided inside the sleeve plate 506 and the connecting plate 505. The diameter of the holes is sufficient to ensure... To prevent sludge from passing through the holes, the inner wall of the furnace body 1 is provided with a limiting groove that cooperates with the lifting plate 502. The interior of the furnace body 1 is provided with a groove, and the two connecting shafts 507 located on both sides are movably connected to the inner wall of the groove. The interior of the sleeve plate 506 is provided with a cavity, and several limiting blocks 509 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting plate 505. The inner wall of the cavity is provided with a sliding groove that cooperates with the limiting block 509. The sum of the lengths of two adjacent sleeve plates 506 is the same as the distance between the two lifting plates 502.

[0031] Furthermore, the geared motor 504 drives the crankshaft 503 to rotate, and the crankshaft 503 drives the lifting plate 502 to rise and fall. Two adjacent lifting plates 502 rise and fall respectively, thereby causing the sleeve plate 506 and connecting plate 505 to tilt. When two adjacent sleeve plates 506 separate, the inner connecting plate 505 protrudes. The tilting of the sleeve plate 506 and connecting plate 505 disperses the sludge accumulated on their surfaces, preventing sedimentation and clumping. The sum of the lengths of two adjacent sleeve plates 506 is the same as the distance between the two lifting plates 502, ensuring that when the heights of the lifting plates 502 are the same, the two adjacent sleeve plates 506 can close. The connection plate 505 is fully retracted into the cavity inside the sleeve plate 506. At this time, the holes inside the sleeve plate 506 are connected to the holes inside the connecting plate 505. The diameter of the holes prevents the sludge from passing through. However, the air force transmitted by the external fan through the bottom air duct 4 can pass through the holes and liquefy the sludge. The heat insulation component between the geared motor 504 and the crankshaft 503 prevents the operation of the geared motor 504 from being affected by the high temperature combustion inside the furnace body 1. The connection relationship, working principle and operation process between the combustion component, heat insulation component and feeding component and other components are all existing technologies and are common knowledge known to those skilled in the art. They will not be described in detail here.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 5This is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment. The protective component 7 includes two combustion-supporting feed pipes 703 that are inserted inside the connecting box 2. A guide plate 704 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the combustion-supporting feed pipe 703. An inclined guide pipe 705 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the combustion-supporting feed pipe 703. A cooling pipe 701 is fixedly connected to the end of the inclined guide pipe 705 away from the combustion-supporting feed pipe 703. A conical pipe 702 is fixedly connected to the end of the cooling pipe 701 near the furnace body 1. The conical pipe 702 is connected to the interior of the furnace body 1. Several metal filter plates 708 are fixedly connected inside the cooling pipe 701. A connecting pipe 707 is fixedly connected to the end of the cooling pipe 701 away from the furnace body 1.

[0034] Specifically, valves 706 are provided at the top of the connecting pipe 707, the waste inlet, the air guide pipe, and the inside of the combustion aid inlet pipe 703. The cooling pipe 701 has several cavities inside, and the cavities inside the cooling pipe 701 are filled with flame-retardant medium. The metal filter plate 708 has multiple layers of small holes inside.

[0035] Furthermore, during combustion, the flame enters the cooling pipe 701 through the cone tube 702. The flame is diverted and cooled by the metal filter plate 708 and the flame-retardant medium installed inside the cooling pipe 701. The flame is also prevented from reigniting in the cooling pipe 701 by the multi-layered small holes inside the metal filter plate 708. Meanwhile, the flame entering the feed pipe is diverted by the guide plate 704, so that the flame enters the cooling pipe 701 through the inclined guide tube 705. The flame in the feed pipe is weakened, thereby preventing backfire.

[0036] Working Principle: When using a fluidized bed incinerator to incinerate and recycle sludge, the dewatered sludge is fed into the furnace body 1 through the waste feed pipe 3. Combustion aid is also fed into the furnace body 1 through the feeding components and the combustion aid feed pipe 703. Then, the reduction motor 504 is started, driving the crankshaft 503 to rotate. The crankshaft 503 drives the lifting plates 502 to rise and fall. Adjacent lifting plates 502 rise and fall respectively, causing the sleeve plates 506 and connecting plates 505 to tilt. When two adjacent sleeve plates 506 separate, the internal connecting plate 505 protrudes. The tilting of the sleeve plates 506 and connecting plates 505 disperses the sludge accumulated on their surfaces, preventing sedimentation and clumping. A fan connected to the air duct 4 at the bottom of the furnace body 1 blows the dispersed sludge. By gradually adjusting the airflow, the sludge is fluidized. The sludge, which has been given an accelerant, is then ignited by the internal combustion components, thus achieving combustion. During combustion, the flame enters the cooling pipe 701 through the cone tube 702. The flame is cooled by the metal filter plate 708 and the flame-retardant medium inside the cooling pipe 701. The flame is diverted and cooled by the multiple layers of small holes inside the metal filter plate 708. The flame-retardant medium also prevents the flame from reigniting in the cooling pipe 701. The flame entering the feed pipe is diverted by the guide plate 704, allowing the flame to enter the cooling pipe 701 through the inclined guide tube 705. The flame in the feed pipe is weakened, thus preventing backfire. During combustion, the internal space of the furnace body 1 is sealed by the valve 706. The waste generated during combustion is discharged through the discharge port 6 at the top, thus completing the sludge combustion treatment. The sludge fluidization efficiency is improved by the bearing component 5, and backfire is prevented by the protective component 7.

[0037] It should be noted that in this paper, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed incinerator comprising a furnace body (1), characterized in that: The furnace body (1) is equipped with a combustion component inside, an air guide pipe (4) is provided at the bottom of the furnace body (1), a waste feed pipe (3) is provided on the outer surface of the furnace body (1), a discharge port (6) is provided at the top of the furnace body (1), a connecting box (2) is fixedly connected to the side of the furnace body (1), a protective component (7) is provided inside the connecting box (2), and a load-bearing component (5) is provided inside the furnace body (1). The load-bearing component (5) includes a crankshaft (503) movably connected to the inner wall of the furnace body (1) via a bearing seat. Several lifting plates (502) are movably connected to the outer surface of the crankshaft (503). Two connecting blocks (501) are fixedly connected to the top of the lifting plates (502). A connecting shaft (507) is movably connected inside the connecting blocks (501). A connecting sleeve (508) is movably connected to the outer surface of the connecting shaft (507). A sleeve plate (506) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting sleeve (508). A connecting plate (505) is slidably connected inside the sleeve plate (506). The protective assembly (7) includes two combustion-supporting feed pipes (703) that are inserted inside the connecting box (2). A guide plate (704) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the combustion-supporting feed pipe (703). An inclined guide pipe (705) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the combustion-supporting feed pipe (703). A cooling pipe (701) is fixedly connected to the end of the inclined guide pipe (705) away from the combustion-supporting feed pipe (703). A conical pipe (702) is fixedly connected to the end of the cooling pipe (701) near the furnace body (1). The conical pipe (702) is connected to the interior of the furnace body (1). Several metal filter plates (708) are fixedly connected inside the cooling pipe (701). A connecting pipe (707) is fixedly connected to the end of the cooling pipe (701) away from the furnace body (1).

2. A fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A geared motor (504) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the furnace body (1). The output end of the geared motor (504) passes through one end of the furnace body (1) and is fixedly connected to one end of the crankshaft (503). A heat insulation component is provided at the connection between the geared motor (504) and the crankshaft (503). A fan is connected to the end of the air duct (4) away from the furnace body (1). A feeding component is provided at the end of the combustion aid feed pipe (703) away from the furnace body (1).

3. A fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sleeve plate (506) and the connecting plate (505) are provided with several small holes. The diameter of the holes is sufficient to prevent sludge from passing through the holes. The inner wall of the furnace body (1) is provided with a limiting groove that cooperates with the lifting plate (502). The interior of the furnace body (1) is provided with a groove. The two connecting shafts (507) located on both sides are movably connected to the inner wall of the groove.

4. A fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sleeve plate (506) has a cavity inside, and a number of limiting blocks (509) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting plate (505). The inner wall of the cavity is provided with a sliding groove that cooperates with the limiting block (509). The sum of the lengths of two adjacent sleeve plates (506) is the same as the distance between the two lifting plates (502).

5. A fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: Valves (706) are provided at the top of the connecting pipe (707), the waste inlet, the air guide pipe, and inside the combustion aid inlet pipe (703).

6. A fluidized bed incinerator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cooling pipe (701) has several cavities inside, and the cavities inside the cooling pipe (701) are filled with flame-retardant medium. The metal filter plate (708) has multiple layers of small holes inside.

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