An aluminum electrolytic cell with an anode insulation structure

Abstract

This utility model discloses an aluminum electrolytic cell with an anode heat preservation structure, relating to the technical field of aluminum electrolytic equipment. It includes a shell, with a tank bottom inside the shell. Above the tank bottom, an integral carbon block is disposed inside the shell, and a cathode rod is disposed inside the integral carbon block. Two discharge devices are disposed at the top of the shell, with their bottoms extending into the shell. A conductor rod is disposed at the middle of the extended end of each discharge device, and a metal guide rod is installed below the discharge devices. This utility model, through a series of structural features, reduces thermal stress concentration and deformation. Furthermore, its top can extend upwards to prevent the metal guide rod from bending or breaking under pressure. Flexible graphite gaskets allow for free expansion and contraction, ensuring airtightness, reducing heat escape, and allowing gas to flow quickly to the gas collecting pipe, ensuring a smooth gas flow path.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis equipment, specifically to an aluminum electrolysis cell with an anode insulation structure. Background Technology

[0002] An aluminum electrolytic cell is a device used for electrolyzing aluminum. Its main function is to reduce aluminum oxide to metallic aluminum using an electric current. The principle is to separate the aluminum element from aluminum ore using electrolysis. In the aluminum electrolytic cell, the aluminum ore, after pretreatment, is added to the aluminum electrolyte, which serves as the anode. Simultaneously, by adding a certain amount of hydrogen gas to the cathode, aluminum ions are reduced to metallic aluminum at the cathode.

[0003] Most existing aluminum electrolysis cells use an integrated metal guide rod connected to the anode carbon block assembly. The metal guide rod is prone to deformation or breakage due to long-term thermal expansion and current impact. Moreover, the electrolysis reaction needs to be maintained at a temperature of around 950 degrees Celsius. The existing insulation layer and the tank shell are prone to gaps due to thermal expansion, resulting in heat leakage. The rising heat is not guided and can easily form local eddies inside, generating greater pressure. This may lead to excessive internal pressure in the shell, which poses a certain risk. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an aluminum electrolytic cell with an anode heat preservation structure to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an aluminum electrolytic cell with an anode insulation structure, comprising a shell, a tank bottom inside the shell, an integral carbon block inside the shell above the tank bottom, a cathode rod inside the integral carbon block, two discharge devices at the top of the shell, the bottom of the discharge devices extending into the shell, a conductor rod at the middle of the extension end of the discharge devices, a metal guide rod installed below the discharge devices, several connecting rods detachably installed at the top of the metal guide rod, the top of the connecting rod being a threaded section, a washer ring sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting rod below the threaded section, springs on the outer surfaces of the connecting rods at the top and bottom of the metal guide rod, an anode carbon block assembly at the bottom of the metal guide rod, a top cover inside the shell above the anode carbon block assembly, insulation layers on both sides of the integral carbon block, and a flexible graphite gasket connected between the insulation layers and the shell.

[0006] Preferably, a feeding pipe is provided at the middle position of the top of the shell, the bottom of the feeding pipe penetrates through the shell and the top cover, and the top of the feeding pipe is connected to a conveying device to transport the material into the shell for electrolysis reaction.

[0007] Preferably, two gas collecting pipes are provided at the top of the shells on both sides of the feeding pipe. The bottom of the gas collecting pipe extends through the shell to the top of the top cover. The gas collecting pipes and the top cover are connected to each other, so as to efficiently capture the gas generated by the anode reaction and reduce the escape of harmful gases.

[0008] Preferably, both sides of the top cover are curved structures. When an electrolytic reaction occurs inside the shell, a large amount of heat is generated. When the heat rises, the gas comes into contact with the curved structure and is guided, reducing airflow resistance and allowing the gas to flow quickly to the gas collection pipe, ensuring a smooth gas flow path.

[0009] Preferably, the metal guide rod is made of metal material connected by several flange bolts. Since the anode steel rod is prone to deformation or breakage due to long-term thermal expansion and current impact, the flange bolt connection makes the metal guide rod a multi-segment structure, reducing thermal stress concentration.

[0010] Preferably, the top center of the metal guide rod is provided with a socket that matches the conductor rod. The conductor rod is inserted into the socket and can carry current. The conductor rod and the socket are movably connected. When the metal guide rod is heated for a long time and expands, its top can extend upward by one end to avoid the metal guide rod bending or breaking due to extrusion.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0012] 1. The aluminum electrolytic cell with an anode heat preservation structure of this utility model has a metal guide rod that is movably connected to the conductor rod at the bottom of the discharge equipment. The metal guide rod is connected by flange bolts, making the metal guide rod a multi-segment structure. The metal guide rod is prone to deformation due to long-term thermal expansion and current impact. The multi-segment design can reduce thermal stress concentration and reduce the occurrence of deformation. In addition, its top can be extended upwards by one end to avoid bending or breaking of the metal guide rod due to extrusion pressure.

[0013] 2. The aluminum electrolytic cell with an anode insulation structure of this utility model uses a flexible graphite gasket between the insulation layer and the shell. Gaps are easily generated between the insulation layer and the shell due to thermal expansion. The flexible graphite gasket allows free expansion and contraction, ensuring airtightness and reducing heat loss.

[0014] 3. The aluminum electrolytic cell with an anode heat preservation structure of this utility model has a top cover with curved structures on both sides. When the heat rises during the electrolysis reaction, the gas is guided to contact the curved structure, which reduces the airflow resistance and allows the gas to flow quickly to the gas collection pipe, ensuring a smooth gas flow path. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled state of the discharge device and metal guide rod structure of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Shell; 2. Discharge device; 3. Gas collecting pipe; 4. Feeding pipe; 5. Tank bottom; 6. Integral carbon block; 7. Top cover; 8. Metal guide rod; 9. Flexible graphite gasket; 10. Insulation layer; 11. Cathode rod; 12. Conductor rod; 13. Insertion hole; 14. Connecting rod; 15. Washer ring; 16. Spring; 17. Anode carbon block assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, this embodiment of the aluminum electrolytic cell with an anode insulation structure includes a shell 1, which is a steel outer shell filled with a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant material. A tank bottom 5 is provided inside the shell 1, connected to an external circuit to conduct current to the external circuit. Above the tank bottom 5, an integral carbon block 6 is provided inside the shell 1, and a cathode rod 11 is provided inside the integral carbon block 6. The integral carbon block 6 and the cathode rod 11 work together as a cathode to collect electrons generated during electrolysis. Two discharge devices 2 are provided at the top of the shell 1, used to transmit power. The bottom of the discharge devices 2 extends into the shell 1, and a conductor rod 12 is provided at the middle of the extended end of the discharge devices 2. A metal guide rod 8 is installed below the discharge devices 2, used to transmit power. Several connecting rods 14 are detachably installed at the top of the metal guide rod 8. The top of the connecting rod 14 is a threaded section, and a washer 15 is sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting rod 14 below the threaded section. The top of the metal guide rod 8 and... A spring 16 is provided on the outer surface of the bottom connecting rod. When the metal guide rod 8 is installed at the bottom of the discharge device 2, the threaded section penetrates into the discharge device 2 to fix the metal guide rod 8. The washer 15 is tightly attached to the bottom of the discharge device 2. The conductor rod 12 is inserted into the metal guide rod 8 to conduct electricity. When the metal guide rod 8 expands due to long-term heat, its top can extend upwards by one end to prevent the metal guide rod 8 from bending or breaking due to extrusion. An anode carbon block group 17 is provided at the bottom of the metal guide rod 8. Multiple carbon blocks serve as the anode of the electrolytic reaction, through which current is passed and participates in the reaction. A top cover 7 is provided inside the shell 1 above the anode carbon block group 17. The top cover 7 protects the anode carbon block group 17 to prevent heat from escaping during the electrolytic reaction. Both sides of the carbon block 6 are provided with heat insulation layers 10. A flexible graphite gasket 9 is connected between the heat insulation layer 10 and the shell 1. The flexible graphite gasket 9 can dissipate heat quickly, reduce thermal stress accumulation, allow free expansion and contraction, and has a good sealing effect.

[0022] Specifically, a feeding pipe 4 is provided at the middle of the top of the shell 1. The bottom of the feeding pipe 4 passes through the shell 1 and the top cover 7. The top of the feeding pipe 4 is connected to a conveying device to transport the material into the shell 1 for electrolysis reaction.

[0023] Furthermore, two gas collecting pipes 3 are provided at the top of the shell 1 on both sides of the feeding pipe 4. The bottom of the gas collecting pipe 3 extends through the shell 1 to the top of the top cover 7. The gas collecting pipe 3 and the top cover 7 are connected to each other, which can efficiently capture the gas generated by the anode reaction and reduce the escape of harmful gases.

[0024] Furthermore, both sides of the top cover 7 are curved structures. When an electrolytic reaction occurs inside the shell 1, a large amount of heat is generated. When the heat rises, the gas comes into contact with the curved structure and is guided, reducing airflow resistance and allowing the gas to flow quickly to the gas collection pipe 3, ensuring a smooth gas flow path.

[0025] Furthermore, the metal guide rod 8 is made of metal material connected by several flange bolts. Due to the long-term thermal expansion and current impact of the anode steel rod, it is prone to deformation or breakage. By connecting it with flange bolts, the metal guide rod 8 has a multi-segment structure, which reduces the concentration of thermal stress.

[0026] Furthermore, a socket 13 matching the conductor rod 12 is provided at the middle position of the top of the metal guide rod 8. The conductor rod 12 is inserted into the socket 13 and can carry current. The conductor rod 12 and the socket 13 are movably connected. When the metal guide rod 8 is heated for a long time and expands, its top can extend upward by one end, so as to prevent the metal guide rod 8 from bending or breaking due to extrusion.

[0027] The usage method of this embodiment is as follows: When using an aluminum electrolysis cell, the material is transported into the shell 1 through the feeding pipe 4. Then, electricity is transmitted to the metal guide rod 8 through the discharge device 2. The metal guide rod 8 transmits the current to the position of the anode carbon block group 17 to carry out the reaction, causing liquid aluminum to be deposited on the top tube of the integral carbon block 6. During the electrolysis reaction, the temperature needs to be maintained at about 950 degrees Celsius. The anode carbon block group 17 generates a large amount of heat. The heat is blocked by the heat insulation layer 10 inside the shell 1. The rising heat is guided by the curved structure on both sides of the top cover 7, reducing airflow resistance and allowing the gas to flow quickly to the position of the gas collecting pipe 3, ensuring a smooth gas flow path. The gas generated by the anode reaction is efficiently captured through the gas collecting pipe 3, reducing the escape of harmful gases. The top cover 7 can block the heat generated by the anode carbon block group 17, reducing heat escape.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An aluminum electrolytic cell with an anode heat preservation structure, comprising a shell (1), characterized in that: The shell (1) has a tank bottom (5) inside, and an integral carbon block (6) is arranged inside the shell (1) above the tank bottom (5). A cathode rod (11) is arranged inside the integral carbon block (6). Two discharge devices (2) are arranged on the top of the shell (1). The bottom of the discharge device (2) extends into the shell (1). A conductor rod (12) is arranged at the middle position of the extension end of the discharge device (2). A metal guide rod (8) is installed below the discharge device (2). Several connecting rods are detachably installed at the top of the metal guide rod (8). The rod (14) has a threaded section at the top and a washer (15) sleeved on the outer surface of the connecting rod (14) below the threaded section. The outer surface of the connecting rod at the top and bottom of the metal guide rod (8) is provided with a spring (16). The bottom of the metal guide rod (8) is provided with an anode carbon block group (17). The inside of the shell (1) above the anode carbon block group (17) is provided with a top cover (7). Both sides of the integral carbon block (6) are provided with a heat insulation layer (10). The heat insulation layer (10) and the shell (1) are connected together by a flexible graphite gasket (9).

2. The aluminum electrolytic cell with an anode heat preservation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding pipe (4) is provided at the middle position of the top of the shell (1), and the bottom of the feeding pipe (4) penetrates the shell (1) and the top cover (7).

3. The aluminum electrolytic cell with an anode heat preservation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the two shells (1) on both sides of the feeding pipe (4) is provided with two gas collecting pipes (3), and the bottom of the gas collecting pipes (3) extends through the shell (1) to the top of the top cover (7).

4. The aluminum electrolytic cell with an anode heat preservation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the top cover (7) are curved structures.

5. The aluminum electrolytic cell with an anode heat preservation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal guide rod (8) is made of metal material connected by several flange bolts.

6. The aluminum electrolytic cell with an anode heat preservation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top center of the metal guide rod (8) is provided with a socket (13) that matches the conductor rod (12), and the conductor rod (12) is inserted into the socket (13).

Images