A centrifugal pump impeller protection structure

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of centrifugal pump impellers, specifically to a centrifugal pump impeller protection structure, including a wheel body, which is a closed impeller. A rotating shaft is inserted through the inner wall of the wheel body, and a bolt is threaded to the front side of the rotating shaft. A groove is formed in the middle of the front side of the wheel body, and a locking mechanism is provided on the inner wall of the groove for locking the bolt. The locking mechanism includes a fixing ring, which is inserted into the inner wall of the groove. The inner diameter of the rear part of the fixing ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the front part. By providing a locking mechanism and designing the inner diameter of the rear part of the fixing ring to be smaller than that of the front part, the rear side of the bolt head and the fixing ring are tightly abutted, forming an axial constraint and fixing the fixing ring. When the wheel body rotates, the centrifugal force generated by the counterweight compresses the return spring, causing the J-shaped bolt limiting member to engage with the L-shaped bolt limiting groove of the bolt, preventing the bolt and the rotating shaft from loosening due to long-term rotation, and significantly improving the stability of the impeller operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of centrifugal pump impellers, and specifically to a centrifugal pump impeller protection structure. Background Technology

[0002] Centrifugal pumps, as core equipment in the field of fluid transportation, are widely used in industries such as petrochemicals, water conservancy projects, mining and metallurgy, and municipal water supply. The impeller, as the "heart" of the centrifugal pump, converts mechanical energy into fluid kinetic energy and pressure energy through high-speed rotation, and its performance directly determines the pump's efficiency, head, and operational stability.

[0003] In actual working conditions, the impeller needs to withstand the centrifugal force from high-speed rotation, typically 1000-3000 r / min, the impact load of the fluid medium, and the alternating stress generated by system vibration for a long time. Traditional impeller and shaft connection often adopts single thread fastening or keyway fit. Threaded connection is prone to "loosening effect" under long-term high-frequency vibration, that is, the relative displacement between the impeller and the shaft gradually increases. This not only causes the pump body to vibrate more and the noise to increase, but also causes the impeller's center of gravity to shift, accelerating blade wear and bearing wear. In severe cases, it may cause impeller imbalance and breakage, leading to safety accidents.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a centrifugal pump impeller protection structure to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a centrifugal pump impeller protection structure. By setting a locking mechanism, counterweight and elastic element in coordination, it solves the problems in the prior art where the single thread or keyway connection is easy to loosen under high frequency vibration and the locking reliability is insufficient, resulting in poor impeller operation stability and high safety risks.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a centrifugal pump impeller protection structure, comprising...

[0007] The wheel body is a closed impeller, and a rotating shaft is inserted through the inner wall of the wheel body. A bolt is threadedly connected to the front side of the rotating shaft.

[0008] A slot is formed in the middle of the front side of the wheel body. The inner wall of the slot is provided with a locking mechanism for locking the bolt. The locking mechanism includes a fixing ring, which is inserted into the inner wall of the slot. The inner diameter of the rear part of the fixing ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the front part. The rear side of the bolt head abuts against the inner rear part of the fixing ring. Multiple sets of moving plates are slidably connected to the inner rear side of the fixing ring. The moving plates are horizontally perpendicular to the center of the fixing ring. A limit member is vertically fixed to the moving plates near the center of the fixing ring. A limit groove with an L-shaped cross-section is formed around the rear side of the bolt head.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting member is configured in a J shape, the tail of the bent portion of the limiting member is configured as an inclined surface, and the limiting member is engaged with the limiting groove.

[0010] Preferably, a counterweight is fixedly connected to the side of the movable plate away from the center of the fixed ring.

[0011] Preferably, the counterweight includes a counterweight block that slides on the inner wall of the fixed ring. A groove is formed on the inner wall of the counterweight block on the side away from the moving plate, and the groove is a circular groove.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the groove is provided with an elastic element.

[0013] Preferably, the elastic element includes a return spring, one end of which contacts the inner wall of the groove, and the other end of which contacts the inner wall of the fixing ring.

[0014] Preferably, a support column is radially fixed to the inner wall of the fixed ring, and the support column penetrates the moving plate.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages provided by this utility model in the above technical solution are as follows:

[0016] This utility model is equipped with a locking mechanism. The design of the inner diameter of the rear part of the fixing ring being smaller than that of the front part allows the rear part of the bolt head to form a tight abutment with the fixing ring, creating axial constraint and fixing the fixing ring. When the wheel rotates, the centrifugal force generated by the counterweight compresses the return spring, causing the J-shaped limiting part to engage with the L-shaped limiting groove, preventing the bolt and the shaft from loosening due to long-term rotation, and significantly improving the stability of the impeller operation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the overall device in this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural breakdown diagram of the overall device in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a rear-view three-dimensional structural disassembly diagram of the bolt and retaining ring in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a right-side three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the fixing ring in this utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural disassembly diagram of the counterweight and the return spring in this utility model.

[0023] Legend:

[0024] 1. Wheel body; 2. Shaft; 3. Bolt; 4. Slot; 5. Locking mechanism; 51. Fixing ring; 52. Moving plate; 53. Limiting component; 54. Limiting groove; 6. Counterweight; 61. Counterweight block; 62. Groove; 7. Elastic component; 71. Return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] This utility model provides, for example Figure 1 - Figure 3 The centrifugal pump impeller protection structure shown includes an impeller body 1 and a groove 4;

[0027] Wheel body 1 is a closed impeller that undertakes the core function of fluid transportation. Its blades convert mechanical energy into fluid kinetic energy through high-speed rotation. A rotating shaft 2 is inserted through the inner wall of wheel body 1, which connects the power source such as a motor to wheel body 1 and transmits external driving force to the impeller, driving wheel body 1 to rotate at high speed. A bolt 3 is threaded on the front side of the rotating shaft 2 and is fastened to the rotating shaft 2 through the thread. The rear side of its head abuts against the fixing ring 51, forming axial pressure on the locking mechanism 5 to ensure the stable installation of the fixing ring 51 in the slot 4.

[0028] A slot 4, located in the center of the front side of the wheel body 1, provides installation space for the locking mechanism 5. Through insertion and engagement with the fixing ring 51, the locking mechanism 5 is integrated into the wheel body 1, forming the basic framework of the protective structure. The locking mechanism 5 is installed on the inner wall of the slot 4, used to lock the bolt 3 when the wheel body 1 rotates. The locking mechanism 5 includes a fixing ring 51, which is inserted into the inner wall of the slot 4. A rectangular protrusion is provided on the outer side of the fixing ring 51, with a height consistent with the depth of the slot 4. A clearance fit is used to achieve convenient insertion while preventing radial sway during rotation, providing an installation carrier for components such as the moving plate 52 and the counterweight 6. The rear inner diameter of the fixing ring 51 is smaller than the front inner diameter, by 4-6 mm, ensuring that the contact force between the rear side of the bolt head and the fixing ring 51 reaches 50-80 N, forming a reliable axial constraint. This ensures that the rear side of the bolt head tightly abuts against the fixing ring 51, preventing the fixing ring 51 from falling out of the slot 4. The rear side of the head abuts against the inner rear side of the fixed ring 51. Multiple sets of movable plates 52 are slidably connected to the inner rear wall of the fixed ring 51, serving as the connecting carrier between the limiting member 53 and the counterweight 6. These plates transmit the centrifugal force of the counterweight 6 to the limiting member 53, pushing it to engage with the limiting groove 54. The movable plate 52 is horizontally perpendicular to the center of the fixed ring 51. The limiting member 53 is vertically fixedly connected to the movable plate 52 near the center of the fixed ring 51. The limiting member 53 is J-shaped, with the bend of the limiting member 53 ending in a J-shape. The part is set as an inclined surface, and the limiting member 53 and the limiting groove 54 are engaged. The inclined surface at the tail of the bend facilitates smooth insertion into the L-shaped limiting groove 54 during installation, reducing assembly resistance. The bolt 3 has an L-shaped limiting groove 54 around the rear side of its head. The height of the horizontal part of the L-shaped limiting groove 54 is higher than the bend at the tail of the limiting member 53, which facilitates the sliding of the limiting member 53 during installation. The vertical part forms a circumferential constraint after the limiting member 53 is inserted, ensuring the reliability of locking.

[0029] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a counterweight 6 is fixedly connected to the side of the movable plate 52 away from the center of the fixed ring 51. The counterweight 6 includes a counterweight block 61, which slides on the inner wall of the fixed ring 51. The locking force is dynamically adjusted by using centrifugal force. The material is usually a high-density metal such as cast iron. When the impeller rotates, it generates centrifugal force and slides outward along the inner wall of the fixed ring 51. The movable plate 52 pushes the limiting member 53 to be more tightly locked into the limiting groove 54. The higher the speed, the greater the centrifugal force and the stronger the locking force, which is suitable for operation under different working conditions. A groove 62 is opened on the inner wall of the side of the counterweight block 61 away from the movable plate 52. The groove 62 is a circular groove, which serves as the installation space for the elastic member 7 and provides a stable support point for the return spring 71, ensuring that the extension and contraction direction of the elastic member 7 is consistent with the sliding direction of the counterweight block 61.

[0030] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an elastic element 7 is provided on the inner wall of the groove 62. The elastic element 7 includes a return spring 71, which is made of carbon spring steel (wire diameter 1.5-3mm), with a spring constant of 5-15N / mm. Its natural length is 2-5mm longer than the depth of the groove 62, ensuring that the preload on the counterweight 61 in the initial state is 10-20N, balancing the centrifugal force at low speed. One end of the return spring 71 contacts the inner wall of the groove 62, and the other end contacts the inner wall of the fixed ring 51. When the impeller stops, the counterweight 61 is pushed inward by its own rebound force, causing the limiting element 53 to release from the limiting groove 54, thereby facilitating the disassembly and maintenance of the impeller. At the same time, it buffers the impact of the counterweight 61 under centrifugal force, reduces rigid collisions between components, and extends the service life of the structure. A support column is radially fixed to the inner wall of the fixed ring 51, and the support column penetrates the moving plate 52, limiting the sliding direction of the moving plate 52 and ensuring the stability of the movement trajectory of the limiting element 53.

[0031] The working principle of this device is as follows: During assembly, the retaining ring 51 is inserted into the slot 4 of the wheel body 1 through the rectangular protrusion, forming the mounting base of the locking mechanism 5. After the rotating shaft 2 passes through the wheel body 1, the bolt 3 is tightened to the front side of the rotating shaft 2 through threads, and the rear side of its head is tightly abutted against the inner rear side of the retaining ring 51, forming an axial constraint to prevent the retaining ring 51 from falling out of the slot 4. At this time, under the initial elastic force of the return spring 71, the bent part of the J-shaped limiting member 53 slides into the transverse part of the L-shaped limiting groove 54, completing the pre-fixation.

[0032] When the centrifugal pump starts, the wheel 1 rotates at high speed with the shaft 2. Under the action of centrifugal force, the counterweight 61 slides outward along the inner wall of the fixed ring 51. The moving plate 52 drives the limiting member 53 to move away from the center of the fixed ring 51. At this time, the inclined surface of the bent part of the J-shaped limiting member 53 is inserted into the longitudinal part of the limiting groove 54 to form a circumferential lock and prevent the connection from loosening.

[0033] The higher the rotation speed, the greater the centrifugal force generated by the counterweight 61, and the stronger the locking force between the limiting component 53 and the limiting groove 54, thus achieving adaptive matching of "rotation speed - locking force" and effectively resisting thread loosening caused by high-frequency vibration.

[0034] When the rotation speed is 1000-1500 r / min (such as municipal water supply pump), the centrifugal force of the counterweight 61 is about 100-200 N. The locking force between the limiting part 53 and the limiting groove 54 is 1.5-2 times the initial preload, which can prevent loosening and avoid excessive locking.

[0035] When the rotational speed is 2000-3000 r / min (such as in mine drainage pumps), the centrifugal force increases to 300-500 N, and the clamping force increases to 3-5 times the initial value, which can resist the "loosening effect" under strong vibration.

[0036] When the centrifugal pump stops, the centrifugal force weakens, and the rebound force of the return spring 71 pushes the counterweight 61 to slide inward, causing the moving plate 52 and the limiting member 53 to move in the opposite direction: the limiting member 53 exits from the longitudinal part of the L-shaped limiting groove 54, releasing the circumferential lock; at this time, the impeller can be easily disassembled by simply rotating the bolt 3 in the opposite direction, which is convenient for maintenance or replacement.

[0037] The foregoing description only illustrates certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A centrifugal pump impeller protection structure, characterized in that: include The wheel body (1) is a closed impeller, and a rotating shaft (2) is inserted through the inner wall of the wheel body (1). A bolt (3) is threaded on the front side of the rotating shaft (2). A slot (4) is provided in the middle of the front side of the wheel body (1). A locking mechanism (5) is provided on the inner wall of the slot (4) for locking the bolt (3). The locking mechanism (5) includes a fixing ring (51). The fixing ring (51) is inserted into the inner wall of the slot (4). The inner diameter of the rear part of the fixing ring (51) is smaller than the inner diameter of the front part. The rear side of the head of the bolt (3) abuts against the inner rear part of the fixing ring (51). Multiple sets of moving plates (52) are slidably connected to the inner rear side of the fixing ring (51). The moving plates (52) are horizontally perpendicular to the center of the fixing ring (51). A limiting member (53) is vertically fixed to the moving plates (52) near the center of the fixing ring (51). A limiting groove (54) with an L-shaped cross-section is provided around the rear side of the head of the bolt (3).

2. The centrifugal pump impeller protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting member (53) is configured in a J shape, and the tail of the bent part of the limiting member (53) is configured as an inclined surface. The limiting member (53) is engaged with the limiting groove (54).

3. The centrifugal pump impeller protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A counterweight (6) is fixedly connected to the side of the movable plate (52) away from the center of the fixed ring (51).

4. The centrifugal pump impeller protection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The counterweight (6) includes a counterweight block (61), which slides on the inner wall of the fixed ring (51). A groove (62) is provided on the inner wall of the counterweight block (61) away from the moving plate (52). The groove (62) is a circular groove.

5. The centrifugal pump impeller protection structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner wall of the groove (62) is provided with an elastic element (7).

6. The centrifugal pump impeller protection structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The elastic element (7) includes a return spring (71), one end of which contacts the inner wall of the groove (62), and the other end of which contacts the inner wall of the fixing ring (51).

7. The centrifugal pump impeller protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the fixed ring (51) is radially fixed with a support column, and the support column passes through the moving plate (52).

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