Eccentric constricted central cylinder, separator and circulating fluidized bed boiler

Abstract

This application relates to the field of separation device technology, and proposes an eccentric constricted central cylinder, a separator, and a circulating fluidized bed boiler. The eccentric constricted central cylinder includes: a main body section, which is composed of multiple axially welded cylinder segments, with some adjacent cylinder segments having circumferential welds staggered at a predetermined angle; a constricted section, located at the lower end of the main body section; the constricted section includes an upper port, a lower port, and a conical sidewall connecting the upper and lower ports; the upper port is connected to the lower end face of the main body section and has the same diameter, while the lower port has a smaller diameter than the upper port; the conical sidewall constricts from the upper port to the lower port; the central axes of the upper and lower ports are offset from each other, forming an eccentric structure. The eccentric constricted central cylinder provided by this application effectively avoids cracking and deformation of the central cylinder after long-term operation, and effectively improves the separation effect by utilizing the eccentric constricted structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of separation device technology, and more specifically, to an eccentric constricted central cylinder, a separator, and a circulating fluidized bed boiler. Background Technology

[0002] In circulating fluidized bed boilers, fuel undergoes multiple cycles of combustion. Material within the bed is carried out of the furnace by a high-speed airflow, captured in a gas-solid separation unit, and then returned to the fluidized bed for recirculation and combustion via a return system. The central cylinder of the separation unit is an unreinforced, uniform-diameter cylinder. After long-term operation, cracks and deformation occur in the central cylinder, leading to decreased separation efficiency, increased carbon content in fly ash, reduced unit efficiency, and increased risk of the central cylinder falling off, seriously affecting the safe and stable operation of the unit. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the first aspect of this application proposes an eccentric constricted center cylinder.

[0004] The second aspect of this application proposes a separator.

[0005] The third aspect of this application proposes a circulating fluidized bed boiler.

[0006] In view of this, the first aspect of this application proposes an eccentric constricted central cylinder, comprising: a main body section, which is composed of multiple cylinder segments welded axially, with some adjacent cylinder segments having circumferential welds staggered at a predetermined angle; a constricted section, which is located at the lower end of the main body section; the constricted section includes an upper port, a lower port, and a tapered sidewall connecting the upper port and the lower port; the upper port is connected to the lower end face of the main body section and has the same diameter, the lower port has a smaller diameter than the upper port, and the tapered sidewall constricts from the upper port to the lower port; the central axis of the upper port and the central axis of the lower port are offset from each other, forming an eccentric structure.

[0007] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible ways, at least two channel steel reinforcing ribs are provided at intervals around the outer wall of the main body section along the axial direction of the main body section.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible methods, the number of channel steel reinforcing ribs is four. The main body of the cylinder includes a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a third cylinder, and a fourth cylinder in sequence along the axial direction. One channel steel reinforcing rib is provided on the outer wall of the second cylinder, one channel steel reinforcing rib is provided on the outer wall of the third cylinder, and two channel steel reinforcing ribs are provided at intervals on the outer wall of the fourth cylinder near the constriction section.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible ways, the eccentric constricted central cylinder also includes: an annular sealing plate disposed on the outer wall of the second cylinder.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible embodiments, the eccentric constricted central cylinder further includes: multiple ribs, which are respectively connected to the outer wall of the annular sealing plate and the second cylinder, and are located between the annular sealing plate and the third cylinder.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible ways, the circumferential weld between the first and second cylinders is arranged at a predetermined angle offset circumferentially.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible ways, the groove opening of the channel steel reinforcing rib is oriented toward the central axis of the main body section of the cylinder.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in some feasible embodiments, the eccentric constricted central cylinder also includes: two annular support plates located at the end of the main body section away from the constricted section, with reinforcing ribs connecting the two annular support plates.

[0014] The second aspect of this application proposes a separator, comprising: an eccentric constricted central cylinder as described in any of the above technical solutions.

[0015] The third aspect of this application discloses a circulating fluidized bed boiler, comprising: a separator as described in the above technical solution.

[0016] Compared with related technologies, this application has the following technical advantages:

[0017] The eccentric constricted central cylinder provided in this application effectively avoids the problems of cracking and deformation of the central cylinder after long-term operation, and the separation effect is effectively improved by utilizing the eccentric constricted structure.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent in the following description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an eccentric constricted central cylinder in one embodiment of this application is shown;

[0021] Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of an eccentric constricted central cylinder in one embodiment of this application is shown;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the eccentric constricted central cylinder in another embodiment of this application is shown.

[0023] in, Figures 1 to 3 The correspondence between the reference numerals and component names in the attached drawings is as follows:

[0024] 100 Narrowing section, 102 Narrowing support plate, 110 First cylinder, 112 Second cylinder, 114 Third cylinder, 116 Fourth cylinder, 118 Circumferential weld, 120 Channel steel reinforcing rib plate, 130 Annular sealing plate, 132 Rib plate, 140 Annular support plate, 142 Reinforcing rib plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0026] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of this application. However, this application may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] The following reference Figures 1 to 3 Describes an eccentric constricted center cylinder according to some embodiments of this application.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first aspect of this application proposes an eccentric constricted central cylinder, comprising: a main body section, which is composed of multiple axially welded cylinder segments, with circumferential welds 118 between some adjacent cylinder segments staggered at a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction; a constricted section 100, which is disposed at the lower end of the main body section; the constricted section 100 includes an upper port, a lower port, and a tapered sidewall connecting the upper port and the lower port; the upper port is connected to the lower end face of the main body section and has the same diameter, the diameter of the lower port is smaller than the diameter of the upper port, and the tapered sidewall constricts from the upper port to the lower port; the central axis of the upper port and the central axis of the lower port are offset from each other, forming an eccentric structure.

[0029] The eccentrically constricted central cylinder provided in this application includes a main cylinder section and a constricted section 100. The main cylinder section is formed by welding multiple cylinder segments along the axial direction, and the circumferential welds 118 between some adjacent cylinder segments are staggered at a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction. This staggered welding method can effectively disperse welding stress and avoid stress concentration, thereby significantly improving the overall structural strength and stability of the main cylinder section. This makes it less prone to weld cracking and other failures when subjected to complex working conditions such as large pressure and temperature changes, thus extending the service life of the equipment.

[0030] The unique structural design of the constriction section 100, with its tapered sidewalls narrowing from the upper to the lower port (the lower port diameter being smaller than the upper port diameter), guides and accelerates the fluid. As fluid flows from the main body of the cylinder into the constriction section 100, the flow velocity increases accordingly due to the gradually decreasing flow area, thus improving the fluid flow state and increasing the fluid transmission efficiency within the equipment. A constriction support plate 102 is provided on the outer wall of the constriction section 100.

[0031] The eccentric structure formed by the offset of the central axes of the upper and lower ports brings unique functional advantages to the equipment. This eccentric design can change the flow trajectory and distribution of the fluid in the constriction section 100 and subsequent processes, such as causing the fluid to rotate or deflect, thereby meeting certain specific process requirements, such as enhancing mixing effects and improving heat and mass transfer performance, thus broadening the application range and adaptability of the equipment.

[0032] Designing the main body of the cylinder as a multi-section structure greatly facilitates equipment manufacturing, transportation, and installation. The cylinder sections can be manufactured and transported separately according to actual site conditions and transportation capacity, and then assembled and welded on-site, reducing the difficulty and cost of manufacturing and transportation. Furthermore, during later maintenance, if a section of the cylinder is damaged or requires repair, only the corresponding section needs to be replaced or repaired, without the need for large-scale disassembly of the entire cylinder, significantly improving maintenance efficiency and reducing downtime.

[0033] Conventional central cylinder structures are simple, but under complex loads, stress tends to concentrate at weak points such as welds, leading to cracking, deformation, and poor stability. This eccentric, constricted central cylinder, however, features a multi-section welded main body with staggered circumferential welds (118mm). This staggered design disperses stress, preventing excessive local stress and enhancing overall structural strength. Simultaneously, its eccentric structure alters the inherent vibration characteristics of the central cylinder, causing the vibration frequency to deviate from the fluid excitation frequency, preventing resonance. Furthermore, the eccentric structure makes the fluid force more uniform, reducing vibrations caused by fluid impact and improving the stability of the central cylinder in multiple dimensions. Conventional central cylinders have uniform fluid velocity and a simple flow field, resulting in short residence times for separated objects and insufficient separation. In this design, the conical sidewall of the constricted section (100mm) gradually reduces the fluid flow area, increases the flow velocity, and increases the inertial force on the separated objects, making separation easier. Moreover, the eccentric structure causes the fluid to rotate and deflect in the constriction section 100, forming a special flow field. The separated object is subjected to the combined effects of centrifugal force and centripetal force, which further strengthens the separation process and effectively improves the separation effect.

[0034] The eccentric constricted central cylinder provided in this application effectively avoids the problems of cracking and deformation of the central cylinder after long-term operation, and the separation effect is effectively improved by utilizing the eccentric constricted structure.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments provided in this application, at least two channel steel reinforcing ribs 120 are provided at intervals around the outer wall of the main body section along the axial direction of the main body section.

[0036] In this embodiment, the channel steel reinforcing ribs 120 possess high strength and rigidity. Their spaced, circling arrangement effectively enhances the overall structural strength of the eccentrically constricted central cylinder, strengthening its resistance to deformation and reducing bending and torsional deformation under airflow impact, material friction, and its own gravity, thus ensuring the stability of the central cylinder's shape. The channel steel reinforcing ribs 120 can more evenly distribute the stress on the central cylinder to the reinforcing ribs and the main cylinder body, avoiding localized stress concentration and reducing the risk of cracking due to excessive stress. The enhanced structural strength and stress dispersion enable the central cylinder to maintain a stable working state during long-term operation, reducing equipment failures caused by deformation and cracking, ensuring the normal operation of the boiler separator, and improving the safety and reliability of the entire unit.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments provided in this application, there are four channel steel reinforcing ribs 120. The main body of the cylinder includes a first cylinder 110, a second cylinder 112, a third cylinder 114 and a fourth cylinder 116 in sequence along the axial direction. One channel steel reinforcing rib 120 is provided on the outer wall of the second cylinder 112, one channel steel reinforcing rib 120 is provided on the outer wall of the third cylinder 114, and two channel steel reinforcing ribs 120 are provided at intervals on the outer wall of the fourth cylinder 116 near the constriction section 100.

[0038] In this embodiment, the main body of the cylinder comprises four sections. A reinforcing rib is provided on each of the second cylinder 112 and the third cylinder 114 to specifically enhance the strength of these two main cylinder sections, resist airflow impact and material friction, and reduce local deformation. The fourth cylinder 116, located near the constriction section 100, is subject to complex stress and is more susceptible to damage; therefore, two reinforcing ribs are provided at intervals to greatly improve its structural rigidity and prevent cracking and deformation under complex stress.

[0039] By strategically placing reinforcing ribs at various locations, the stress on the central cylinder can be distributed more evenly. This prevents stress concentration in localized areas, reduces the risk of cracking caused by stress concentration, and extends the overall service life of the central cylinder.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments provided in this application, the eccentric constricted central cylinder further includes an annular sealing plate 130, which is disposed on the outer wall of the second cylinder 112.

[0041] In this embodiment, an annular sealing plate 130 is provided on the outer wall of the second cylinder 112 of the eccentric constricted central cylinder. On the one hand, the annular sealing plate 130 can effectively enhance the sealing performance, ensure the stable and efficient operation of the gas-solid separation process, and reduce the carbon content of fly ash. On the other hand, the annular sealing plate 130 can play a certain protective role, reduce the entry of external impurities into the interior of the central cylinder, reduce the wear and corrosion of the main cylinder and internal components, extend the service life of the central cylinder, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the boiler unit.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments provided in this application, the eccentric constricted central cylinder further includes: a plurality of ribs 132, which are respectively connected to the outer wall of the annular sealing plate 130 and the second cylinder 112, and are located between the annular sealing plate 130 and the third cylinder 114.

[0043] In this embodiment, multiple ribs 132 provide additional support for the annular sealing plate 130, enhancing its connection with the second cylinder 112 and preventing the sealing plate from loosening or deforming under the influence of airflow impact, equipment vibration, etc., ensuring long-lasting and reliable sealing performance, effectively preventing gas and material leakage, and maintaining the efficient operation of the separator.

[0044] Multiple ribs 132 form a structure similar to a reinforced frame, which increases the structural rigidity of the area, enabling the central tube to better withstand various external forces during operation, reducing local deformation and stress concentration, and extending the service life of the central tube.

[0045] The rationally arranged ribs 132 can guide airflow and materials to pass more smoothly, reduce eddies and resistance, and reduce energy loss.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments provided in this application, the circumferential weld 118 between the first cylinder 110 and the second cylinder 112 is arranged at a predetermined angle offset in the circumferential direction.

[0047] In this embodiment, the circumferential weld 118 between the first cylinder 110 and the second cylinder 112 is staggered by a predetermined angle in the circumferential direction. This staggered arrangement avoids circumferential concentration of the weld, allowing stress generated during operation to be evenly distributed to different locations, reducing local stress concentration and the risk of weld cracking. In terms of structural stability, this arrangement enhances the overall integrity of the main cylinder connection, enabling the central cylinder to better withstand external forces such as airflow impact and material friction, making it less prone to deformation. This, in turn, ensures stable operation of the separator, improves separation efficiency, extends the service life of the central cylinder, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0048] In some embodiments provided in this application, the groove opening of the channel steel reinforcing rib plate 120 faces the central axis of the main body section of the cylinder.

[0049] In this embodiment, in terms of structural strength, this arrangement increases the contact area between the reinforcing ribs and the main cylinder, which can more effectively transfer the external force to the main cylinder, enhance the main cylinder's resistance to deformation, reduce bending and twisting under the action of airflow impact, material friction, etc., and improve the overall structural rigidity.

[0050] The inward-facing opening can guide stress to be dispersed towards the center of the main cylinder, avoiding stress concentration at the connection between the reinforcing rib and the main cylinder, reducing the risk of cracking due to stress concentration, and extending the service life of the central cylinder.

[0051] A proper opening direction can reduce obstruction to airflow, allowing it to pass more smoothly through the central cylinder, reducing energy loss. It can also reduce material accumulation at the reinforcing ribs, avoiding wear and corrosion caused by material accumulation, ensuring long-term stable operation of the central cylinder, and improving the working efficiency and reliability of the separator.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments provided in this application, the eccentric constricted central cylinder further includes: two annular support plates 140, which are disposed at the end of the main body section of the cylinder away from the constricted section 100, and a reinforcing rib plate 142 is connected between the two annular support plates 140.

[0053] In this embodiment, the eccentric constricted central cylinder also includes two annular support plates 140. The annular support plates 140 provide a stable annular support frame for the main body section of the cylinder, while the reinforcing ribs 142 further strengthen the connection between the support plates, improve the structural rigidity of this end area, and enable it to better withstand the complex external forces generated during operation such as airflow impact, material friction and its own weight, effectively reducing end deformation.

[0054] This structure enhances the overall balance of the central cylinder, preventing overall swaying or displacement caused by uneven force at one end, thus ensuring stable installation and operation of the central cylinder within the equipment. The annular support plate 140 and reinforcing ribs also disperse stress, reducing the risk of cracking due to localized stress concentration, extending the service life of the central cylinder, reducing equipment failures and maintenance costs, and improving the reliability and operating efficiency of the entire separation system.

[0055] A second aspect of this application provides a separator comprising: an eccentric constricted central cylinder as described in any of the preceding embodiments.

[0056] The separator provided in the second aspect of this application, since it includes the eccentric constricted central cylinder in any of the above embodiments, has all the beneficial technical effects of the eccentric constricted central cylinder, which will not be repeated here.

[0057] A third aspect of this application discloses a circulating fluidized bed boiler, comprising: a separator as described in the above embodiments.

[0058] The circulating fluidized bed boiler provided in the third aspect of this application, since it includes the separator in the above embodiments, has all the beneficial technical effects of the separator, which will not be repeated here.

[0059] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the specific embodiment, to address the problems of poor stability and poor separation effect of traditional center cylinders, this application proposes an eccentrically tapered center cylinder. This eccentrically tapered center cylinder is a cast eccentrically tapered center cylinder, made of Cr25Ni20MoMnSiNRe, with a main cylinder diameter of Φ4000mm, a wall thickness of δ=16mm, and a main cylinder length of 4800mm. The tapering begins 410mm from the bottom of the main cylinder, reducing the diameter to Φ3498mm. The main cylinder of the eccentrically tapered center cylinder is manufactured in four sections, each 1200mm high, and each section is divided into eight equal parts, with a 45° welding bevel reserved.

[0060] To improve the strength of the main cylinder and prevent deformation of the central cylinder, four channel steel reinforcing ribs 120 are added to the outer wall of the main cylinder. The second cylinder 112 and the third cylinder 114 are each equipped with one reinforcing rib, and the fourth cylinder 116 is equipped with two reinforcing ribs.

[0061] To improve the strength of the main cylinder, the splicing circumferential welds of the first cylinder 110 and the second cylinder 112 are arranged in a staggered manner, and reinforcing ribs are added to the circumferential welds.

[0062] The upper part of the main cylinder is provided with two annular hanging support plates with a thickness of δ=20mm and a width of 200mm, and a reinforcing rib plate 142 is connected between the two annular support plates 140.

[0063] A sealing plate with a thickness of δ = 10 mm and a width of 200 mm is added to the outer wall of the second cylinder 112.

[0064] The central tube is arranged eccentrically, with a narrow opening, and in a ring-shaped hanging configuration.

[0065] The joint welds between the first and second sections of the central tube are arranged in a staggered pattern.

[0066] The central cylinder is manufactured in four sections, each section is made of eight equal parts of steel plates welded together. Four reinforcing ribs are added to the main body of the central cylinder. The second and third sections each have one reinforcing rib, and the fourth section has two reinforcing ribs.

[0067] This eccentric constricted central cylinder device is suitable for material separation devices in similar power plants and other fields.

[0068] In this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more unless otherwise expressly defined. The terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "linking" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0069] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0070] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An eccentrically constricted central cylinder, characterized in that, include: The main body section of the cylinder is composed of multiple cylinder segments welded along the axial direction, and the circumferential welds between some adjacent cylinder segments are arranged at a predetermined angle along the circumferential direction. A constricted section is located at the lower end of the main body section of the cylinder. The constricted section includes an upper port, a lower port, and a tapered sidewall connecting the upper port and the lower port. The upper port is connected to the lower end face of the main body section of the cylinder and has the same diameter. The diameter of the lower port is smaller than the diameter of the upper port. The tapered sidewall constricts from the upper port to the lower port. The central axis of the upper port and the central axis of the lower port are offset from each other, forming an eccentric structure.

2. The eccentric constricted central cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the main body section of the cylinder, at least two channel steel reinforcing ribs are provided at intervals around the outer wall of the main body section of the cylinder.

3. The eccentric constricted central cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of channel steel reinforcing ribs is four. The main body section of the cylinder includes a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a third cylinder and a fourth cylinder in sequence along the axial direction. A channel steel reinforcing rib is provided on the outer wall of the second cylinder, a channel steel reinforcing rib is provided on the outer wall of the third cylinder, and two channel steel reinforcing ribs are provided at intervals on the outer wall of the fourth cylinder near the constriction section.

4. The eccentric constricted central cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: An annular sealing plate is disposed on the outer wall of the second cylinder.

5. The eccentric constricted central cylinder according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: Multiple ribs are respectively connected to the outer wall of the annular sealing plate and the second cylinder, and are located between the annular sealing plate and the third cylinder.

6. The eccentric constricted central cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that, The circumferential weld between the first cylinder and the second cylinder is arranged at a predetermined angle along the circumferential direction.

7. The eccentric constricted central cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The groove opening of the channel steel reinforcing rib is oriented toward the central axis of the main body section of the cylinder.

8. The eccentrically constricted central cylinder according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Also includes: Two annular support plates are provided at the end of the main body section of the cylinder away from the constricted section, and a reinforcing rib is connected between the two annular support plates.

9. A separator, characterized in that, include: The eccentric constricted center cylinder as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A circulating fluidized bed boiler, characterized in that, include: The separator as described in claim 9.

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