A steel piece machining turning insert
By designing a steel turning insert with a rounded flat-angle cutting edge and chip groove, the problems of frequent tool changes and easy damage to the cutting edge of existing inserts have been solved, enabling efficient and continuous steel machining.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHUZHOU HUARUI PRECISION CUTTINGS TOOLS CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing turning inserts require frequent tool changes during workpiece machining, resulting in low machining efficiency. Furthermore, insufficient cutting edge sharpness and strength can easily lead to micro-chipping and insufficient chip removal.
Design a turning insert for machining steel parts, using a rounded corner cutting edge as a flat-angle cutting edge, with an oblique cutting edge inclination angle of 4°-8°, and incorporating chip grooves and mounting holes. The insert body is an equilateral triangle or parallelogram to ensure that the cutting edge participates in cutting evenly and effectively removes chips.
It improves tool life and machining efficiency, reduces tool changes, ensures machining continuity and accuracy consistency, and avoids surface quality degradation caused by chatter and chip problems.
Smart Images
Figure CN224444630U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of steel processing technology, specifically a turning tool for steel processing. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, steel turning plays a central role, especially finishing and semi-finishing, which are key processes to ensure the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of workpieces. With the increasing demands for energy efficiency and cost control in high-end equipment manufacturing, existing turning inserts require the use of different types of tools for each of the semi-finishing and finishing processes. This necessitates tool changes after the semi-finished workpiece is completed for finishing, significantly increasing processing time and reducing efficiency.
[0003] Chinese patent CN211135565U discloses an indexable turning insert with an integrated roughing and finishing design. This insert integrates the roughing and finishing cutting edges onto a single tool, allowing all turning operations to be completed with a single tool. This eliminates the need for tool changes during machining, offering convenience and significantly improving processing efficiency. However, finishing requires a high-sharp cutting edge to reduce burrs, but insufficient edge strength can lead to micro-chipping during finishing allowance fluctuations. Strengthening the cutting edge, on the other hand, can increase cutting force due to edge dulling, causing vibration and reducing workpiece surface quality. Therefore, improving the sharpness of the insert while maintaining good strength to prevent micro-chipping has become a pressing issue. Furthermore, existing turning inserts typically employ a compromise design for chip breaker grooves, resulting in insufficient chip breaking during finishing or chip blockage during semi-finishing, requiring downtime for chip cleaning and impacting the continuity of automated production.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new type of turning tool for steel machining that can solve the problem of high cutting edge sharpness and low risk of micro-chipping. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a turning tool for machining steel parts, so as to solve at least one aspect of the problems and defects mentioned in the background art.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:
[0007] A turning tool for machining steel parts, comprising:
[0008] The blade body has several apex angles.
[0009] A number of the aforementioned apex corners are respectively provided with cutting edges, and the cutting edges are provided with arc-shaped corner edges and oblique edges on both sides of the arc-shaped corner edges;
[0010] The cutting edge is provided with a cutting width, a rake face, a chip groove, and a chip-reversing face in sequence along the middle of the blade body;
[0011] A variable arc is provided between the blade width and the front cutting face, and the front cutting face and the oblique blade are provided with a front angle that is adapted to the variable arc;
[0012] The arc-shaped corner blade is a flat corner blade.
[0013] The steel machining cutting tool according to the present invention has at least the following technical effects:
[0014] This turning insert for steel machining maximizes tip stiffness and effectively increases resonance frequency by setting the arc-shaped cutting edge to a flat angle and setting the inclination angle of both beveled edges relative to the arc-shaped cutting edge to 4°-8°. This is especially effective in suppressing high-frequency chatter during shallow depth of cut finishing. Furthermore, during semi-finishing, the chip flow deviates from the workpiece surface, creating a forced curling effect. This significantly shortens the chip breaking length at the semi-finishing depth of cut. The reduced rake angle of the positive cutting edge suppresses lateral material flow under the thin chip layer, avoiding the "ploughing effect" on the finished surface, increasing tool life. Cutting heat is conducted away from the tool tip, delaying crater wear at the tool tip, preventing surface quality degradation and micro-chipping of the cutting edge caused by chatter, reducing the number of tool changes due to cutting edge damage, ensuring machining continuity, and improving machining efficiency.
[0015] As a further embodiment of this utility model: several of the apex angles are the same, and the sidewalls connecting several adjacent apex angles form a back face.
[0016] Because several apex angles are identical, and the sidewalls connecting several adjacent apex angles form a flank face, the cutting edges at each apex can participate in cutting during the cutting process. Furthermore, when the cutting edge at one apex wears down, the high-speed rotating insert allows the remaining unworn cutting edges to continue cutting, significantly increasing the insert's lifespan and reducing tool replacement frequency and costs. Simultaneously, the identical apex angles ensure that the cutting force distribution and heat generation are essentially the same for each cutting edge during the cutting process, resulting in high consistency in the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the machined steel parts, reducing machining errors caused by differences in cutting edges. Additionally, the stress and wear on the flank face are relatively uniform during cutting, allowing it to maintain a good condition for a longer period, effectively protecting the cutting edge and ensuring the cutting quality.
[0017] As a further improvement of this utility model, the width of the arc-shaped corner blade is 0.1mm-0.18mm.
[0018] Since the width of the arc-shaped cutting edge is 0.1mm-0.18mm, preferably 0.14mm, the appropriate cutting edge width can give the cutting edge better structural strength and toughness, effectively buffer and disperse these impact forces, prevent local stress concentration, thereby improving the tool's ability to resist impact, avoiding micro-chipping of the cutting edge, reducing the frequency of tool replacement, and ensuring the continuity of work and the consistency of workpiece machining accuracy.
[0019] As a further improvement of this utility model, an assembly hole is provided in the middle of the blade body.
[0020] By setting an assembly hole in the middle of the blade body, the blade body is connected to the tool body through the assembly hole. By matching the assembly hole with the corresponding positioning structure on the tool body, the blade can be quickly and accurately installed in the designated position on the tool body. This greatly simplifies the installation operation, shortens the installation time, ensures the stability and reliability of the connection between the blade body and the tool body, and prevents the blade from loosening or shifting due to cutting forces during the cutting process.
[0021] As a further embodiment of this utility model: chip grooves are provided on both sides of the arc-shaped corner blade near the assembly hole, and the chip grooves on both sides are linearly enlarged along the groove spacing at the groove opening.
[0022] Because the arc-shaped cutting edge is equipped with chip grooves on both sides near the assembly hole, and the chip grooves on both sides are linearly enlarged along the groove spacing, the chip outflow angle continuously increases from the tip of the tool, which can effectively guide the chips to be discharged smoothly and avoid chip re-rolling and scratching the machined surface; and it reduces the cutting resistance, allowing the tool to cut more stably, reducing the cutting force fluctuation caused by chip problems, thereby ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece and improving the consistency and efficiency of machining accuracy.
[0023] As a further embodiment of this utility model: the distance between the arc-shaped corner blade and the chip groove is 0.5mm-0.7mm.
[0024] Since the distance between the arc-shaped cutting edge and the chip groove is 0.5mm-0.7mm, preferably 0.6mm, the groove width at the rounded corner of the cutting edge increases linearly to both sides. This effectively blocks the direct impact of cutting heat on the cutting edge, inhibits the expansion of the crescent-shaped groove towards the cutting edge, prevents the cutting edge from wearing out and failing, extends the tool's durability, reduces the frequency of tool replacement, and saves tool costs. Furthermore, when the depth of cut is increased, the two sides can smoothly remove chips, preventing chips from accumulating in the machining area, preventing chips from wrapping around the tool or scratching the machined surface, greatly improving chip removal capacity, and ensuring the smooth progress of the machining process.
[0025] As a further improvement of this utility model, the extension length of the oblique blade is adapted to the groove spacing of the linearly enlarged chip groove.
[0026] Because the extension length of the beveled blade is matched with the groove spacing of the linearly enlarged chip groove, the beveled blade can precisely control the chip direction when increasing the depth of cut, so that the chips are discharged along the expected path, avoiding chip re-rolling or scraping the machined surface, ensuring the roughness and smoothness of the steel surface, and reducing surface defects; and it can also prevent chips from accumulating in the processing area, reducing downtime caused by chip cleaning, improving overall processing efficiency, and thus meeting the requirements of high-quality processing of steel parts.
[0027] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the blade body is an equilateral triangle, a parallelogram, or a regular square.
[0028] Because the blade body is an equilateral triangle, parallelogram, or square, the blade body can be an equilateral triangle with three sets of 60° apex angles; a parallelogram with two sets of 80° apex angles; a parallelogram with two sets of 90° apex angles; a parallelogram with two sets of 55° apex angles; or a square with four sets of 35° apex angles. Equilateral triangle, parallelogram, and square blades have multiple cutting edges. When one cutting edge wears out, it can be quickly replaced with another cutting edge to continue machining, eliminating the need for frequent blade changes. This greatly improves machining continuity and efficiency, and reduces downtime. Furthermore, the different apex angle designs allow the blade to adapt to different machining angle requirements. Different blade bodies can be selected based on the specific steel workpiece being machined to achieve machining at different angles, meeting diverse machining requirements. Attached Figure Description
[0029] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one type of turning tool structure for machining steel parts;
[0031] Figure 2 The second schematic diagram shows the structure of a turning tool for machining steel parts.
[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the side view structure;
[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of part A.
[0034] Figure label:
[0035] 1. Cutting edge; 2. Rounded corner edge; 3. Bevel edge; 4. Edge width; 5. Rake face; 6. Chip groove; 7. Chip reversal surface; 8. Variable arc; 9. Rake face; 10. Assembly hole; 11. Chip wicking groove. Detailed Implementation
[0036] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.
[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the directional descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicate the directional or positional relationship based on the directional or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0038] In the description of this utility model, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. If "first" or "second" is used in the description, it is only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the order of the indicated technical features.
[0039] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "setting," "installation," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.
[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model; that is, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0041] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0042] like Figure 1-4The present invention provides a steel machining turning insert, comprising: an insert body having a plurality of apex angles; each of the plurality of apex angles having a cutting edge 1, the cutting edge 1 having an arc-shaped corner edge 2 and oblique edges 3 on both sides of the arc-shaped corner edge 2; the cutting edge 1 having a cutting width 4, a rake face 5, a chip groove 6, and a chip-reversing surface 7 sequentially arranged along the middle of the insert body; a variable arc 8 being provided between the cutting width 4 and the rake face 5, the rake face 5 and the oblique edges 3 having rake angles corresponding to each other and adapted to the variable arc 8; the arc-shaped corner edge 2 being a flat angle edge.
[0043] Specifically, this steel machining turning insert maximizes tip stiffness and effectively increases resonance frequency by setting the arc-shaped corner edge 2 of the cutting edge 1 to a flat angle edge, and setting the inclination angle of the two oblique edges 3 relative to the arc-shaped corner edge 2 to 4°-8°. This is especially effective in suppressing high-frequency chatter during shallow depth of cut finishing. Furthermore, during semi-finishing, the chip flow deviates from the workpiece surface, creating a forced curling effect. This significantly shortens the chip length at the semi-finishing depth of cut, reduces the actual rake angle by decreasing the positive edge inclination angle, suppresses lateral material flow under the thin chip layer, avoids the "ploughing effect" on the finished surface, increases tool life, and directs cutting heat away from the tool tip, delaying the wear of the crater at the tool tip. This avoids surface quality degradation and micro-chipping of the cutting edge caused by chatter, reduces the number of tool changes due to cutting edge damage, ensures machining continuity, and improves machining efficiency.
[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, several vertices have the same angle, and the sidewalls connecting several adjacent vertices form a back face 9.
[0045] Specifically, because several apex angles are the same, the sidewalls connecting several adjacent apex angles form a flank face 9. This allows the cutting edges 1 at each apex angle to participate in cutting during the cutting process. Furthermore, when the cutting edge 1 at one apex angle wears down, the high-speed rotating insert allows the other unworn cutting edges 1 to continue cutting, greatly increasing the number of insert uses and lifespan, and reducing tool replacement frequency and cost. At the same time, the apex angles of the same angle ensure that the cutting force distribution and cutting heat generation of each cutting edge 1 are basically consistent during the cutting process, resulting in high consistency in the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the steel workpiece and reducing machining errors caused by differences in the cutting edges 1. In addition, the force and wear of the flank face 9 during the cutting process are relatively uniform, allowing the flank face 9 to maintain a good condition for a longer period of time, effectively protecting the cutting edges 1 and thus ensuring the cutting quality of the cutting edges.
[0046] Furthermore, the width of the arc-shaped corner blade 2 is 0.1mm-0.18mm.
[0047] Specifically, since the width of the arc-shaped corner cutting edge 2 is 0.1mm-0.18mm, preferably 0.14mm, the appropriate cutting edge width can give the cutting edge 1 part better structural strength and toughness, effectively buffer and disperse these impact forces, prevent local stress concentration, thereby improving the tool's ability to resist impact, avoiding micro-chipping of the cutting edge, reducing the frequency of tool replacement, and ensuring the continuity of work and the consistency of workpiece machining accuracy.
[0048] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an assembly hole 10 is provided in the middle of the blade body.
[0049] Specifically, by setting an assembly hole 10 in the middle of the blade body, the blade body is connected to the tool body through the assembly hole 10. By matching the assembly hole 10 with the corresponding positioning structure on the tool body, the blade can be quickly and accurately installed into the designated position on the tool body, which greatly simplifies the installation operation, shortens the installation time, ensures the connection stability and reliability between the blade body and the tool body, and prevents the blade from loosening or shifting due to cutting force during the cutting process.
[0050] Furthermore, the arc-shaped corner blade 2 is provided with chip grooves 11 on both sides near the assembly hole 10, and the chip grooves 11 on both sides are linearly enlarged along the groove spacing at the groove opening.
[0051] Specifically, since the arc-shaped cutting edge 2 is provided with chip grooves 11 on both sides near the assembly hole 10, the chip grooves 11 on both sides are linearly enlarged along the groove spacing, so that the chip outflow angle continuously increases from the tip of the cutting tool, which can effectively guide the chips to be discharged smoothly and avoid the chips from rolling back and scratching the machined surface; and reduce the cutting resistance, so that the tool can cut more stably, reduce the cutting force fluctuation caused by chip problems, thereby ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece and improving the consistency and efficiency of machining accuracy.
[0052] Furthermore, the distance between the arc-shaped corner blade 2 and the chip groove 11 is 0.5mm-0.7mm.
[0053] Specifically, since the distance between the arc-shaped corner cutting edge and the chip groove 11 is 0.5mm-0.7mm, preferably 0.6mm, the groove width at the rounded corner of the cutting edge 1 increases linearly to both sides. This can effectively block the direct impact of cutting heat on the cutting edge, inhibit the expansion of the crescent-shaped groove towards the cutting edge, prevent the cutting edge from wearing out and failing, extend the tool's durability, reduce the tool replacement frequency, and save tool costs. Furthermore, when the depth of cut is increased, the chip removal in both sides can be smooth, preventing chips from accumulating in the machining area, preventing chips from wrapping around the tool or scratching the machined surface, greatly improving chip removal capacity, and ensuring the smooth progress of the machining process.
[0054] Furthermore, the extension length of the oblique blade 3 is adapted to the groove spacing of the linearly enlarged chip groove 11.
[0055] Specifically, since the extension length of the oblique blade 3 is matched with the groove spacing of the linearly enlarged chip groove 11, the oblique blade 3 can precisely control the chip direction when increasing the cutting depth, so that the chips are discharged along the expected path, avoiding chip re-rolling or scraping the machined surface, ensuring the roughness and smoothness of the steel surface, and reducing surface defects; and it can also prevent chips from accumulating in the processing area, reduce downtime caused by chip cleaning, improve overall processing efficiency, and thus meet the requirements of high-quality processing of steel parts.
[0056] According to embodiments of this utility model, the blade body is an equilateral triangle, a parallelogram, or a regular square.
[0057] Specifically, since the blade body is an equilateral triangle, parallelogram, or square, the blade body can be an equilateral triangle with three sets of 60° apex angles; a parallelogram with two sets of 80° apex angles; a parallelogram with two sets of 90° apex angles; a parallelogram with two sets of 55° apex angles; or a square with four sets of 35° apex angles. Equilateral triangle, parallelogram, and square blades have multiple cutting edges. When one cutting edge wears out, it can be quickly replaced with another cutting edge to continue machining, eliminating the need for frequent blade changes. This greatly improves machining continuity and efficiency, and reduces downtime. Furthermore, the different apex angle designs allow the blade to adapt to different machining angle requirements. Different blade bodies can be selected based on the specific steel workpiece being machined to achieve machining at different angles, meeting diverse machining requirements.
[0058] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the structure of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the structure of the utility model or exceed the scope defined in the claims, they should all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A steel workpiece machining turning insert, characterized by, include: The blade body has several apex angles. A number of the apex corners are respectively provided with cutting edges (1), and the cutting edges (1) are provided with arc-shaped corner edges (2) and oblique edges (3) on both sides of the arc-shaped corner edges (2); The cutting edge (1) is provided with a cutting width (4), a rake face (5), a chip groove (6), and a chip-reversing face (7) in sequence along the middle part of the blade body; A variable arc (8) is provided between the blade width (4) and the front blade face (5). The front blade face (5) and the oblique blade (3) are provided with a front angle that is adapted to the variable arc (8). The arc-shaped corner blade (2) is a flat corner blade.
2. The steel workpiece machining turning insert according to claim 1, characterized in that, The angles of several of the apex angles are the same, and the sidewalls connected between several adjacent apex angles form a back face (9).
3. The steel workpiece machining turning insert according to claim 1, wherein, The width of the arc-shaped corner blade (2) is 0.1mm-0.18mm.
4. The steel workpiece machining turning insert according to claim 1, wherein, The blade body has an assembly hole (10) in the middle.
5. The turning tool for machining steel parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The arc-shaped corner blade (2) is provided with chip grooves (11) on both sides near the assembly hole (10), and the chip grooves (11) on both sides are linearly enlarged along the groove spacing.
6. The steel workpiece machining turning insert according to claim 5, wherein, The distance between the arc-shaped corner blade (2) and the chip groove (11) is 0.5mm-0.7mm.
7. The steel workpiece machining turning insert according to claim 6, wherein, The extension length of the oblique blade (3) is adapted to the groove spacing of the linearly enlarged chip groove (11).
8. The steel workpiece machining turning insert according to claim 1, wherein, The blade body is an equilateral triangle, a parallelogram, or a regular square.