A composite structure of steel rail beams, brick arches, and reinforced concrete.

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the technical field of repairing brick arch floor slabs in ancient buildings, specifically involving a composite structure of steel rail beams, brick arches, and reinforced concrete. It includes multiple steel rail beams arranged side-by-side, with an installation area formed between adjacent beams. The brick arch is constructed within this installation area. The concrete slab is fixedly connected to the top of the composite structure of the steel rail beams and brick arches. The concrete slab comprises a concrete slab and a reinforcing mesh, with the mesh located above the brick arches and connected to the steel rail beams. The concrete slab is cast and formed on the top side of the composite structure. This utility model creates a unique composite floor slab structure that combines the high strength and rigidity of steel rail beams, the good compressive strength of brick arches, and the integrity and plasticity of concrete slabs. It preserves the aesthetics and cultural value of traditional architecture while meeting the structural requirements of modern buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of ancient building brick arch floor repair, specifically involving a steel rail beam, brick arch, and reinforced concrete composite structure. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, brick arched floor slabs are commonly used as a typical structural form in some historical districts, a type of structure possessing distinct cultural attributes and craftsmanship value. However, traditional brick arched floor slabs have significant drawbacks in contemporary architectural applications:

[0003] 1. Structural performance limitations: Pure brick masonry arch structures rely on the compressive strength of the masonry to transfer loads. Their bending and tensile strength is weak, which leads to limited floor slab spans (usually ≤4m) and easy cracking, making it difficult to meet the load requirements of modern buildings.

[0004] 2. Crisis of Skill Transmission: The construction of brick arches relies on the experience of craftsmen to control the curvature and the density of mortar joints. However, the number of craftsmen who have mastered the core techniques has decreased sharply, resulting in uncontrollable construction quality and potential problems such as structural deformation and arch foot displacement during repair projects.

[0005] 3. Disconnection of reinforcement technology: Existing reinforcement solutions mostly use pure cast-in-place concrete floor slabs to replace traditional structures, which improves load-bearing capacity but completely destroys the appearance of historical buildings; or they use steel beam replacement solutions, which require large-scale demolition of the original structure, causing irreversible loss of cultural value.

[0006] With urban development, it is necessary to repair the brick arch floor structure of these ancient buildings. The following problems exist in the restoration process: 1. If the existing steel-concrete composite structure is used, although the strength is improved, the steel beam section height is large (usually ≥300mm), which greatly reduces the net height of the building, and the exposed steel components damage the interior space appearance of the historical building; 2. Simply using the traditional brick arch technique cannot pass the current seismic calculation, which leads to compliance obstacles in the functional revitalization and utilization of such buildings.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technology that can simultaneously meet the following requirements: ① Preserve the aesthetic features of brick arch architecture and traditional masonry techniques; ② Achieve a substantial improvement in structural safety; ③ Minimize interference and damage to the original historical components. Utility Model Content

[0008] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a composite structure of steel rail beams, brick arches, and reinforced concrete, forming a unique composite floor slab that incorporates the high strength and rigidity of the steel rail beams, the good compressive strength of the brick arches, and the integrity and plasticity of the concrete slab. This structure preserves the aesthetics and cultural value of traditional architecture while meeting the structural requirements of modern architecture.

[0009] The specific technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0010] A composite structure of rail beam, brick arch, and reinforced concrete includes a rail beam body, a brick arch, and a concrete slab;

[0011] The number of rail beams is multiple, and the multiple rail beams are arranged side by side;

[0012] An installation area is formed between two adjacent rail beams, and the brick arch is built inside the installation area;

[0013] The concrete slab is fixedly connected above the combination of the steel rail beam and the brick arch.

[0014] Furthermore, the concrete slab includes a concrete slab and a reinforcing mesh, the reinforcing mesh being located above the brick arch and connected to the rail beam, and the concrete slab being cast on the upper side of the combination of the rail beam and the brick arch.

[0015] Furthermore, the connection between the steel mesh and the rail beam is welding.

[0016] Furthermore, the steel mesh includes multiple transverse steel bars and multiple longitudinal steel bars, the transverse steel bars being welded between two adjacent rail beams, and the longitudinal steel bars being tied to the transverse steel bars.

[0017] Furthermore, the longitudinal reinforcement includes transverse connecting bars, both ends of which are fixedly connected to vertical connecting bars, and the upper ends of the two vertical connecting bars are fixedly connected to extension bars, which are welded together with the rail beam.

[0018] The technical effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:

[0019] This utility model discloses a composite structure of steel rail beams, brick arches, and reinforced concrete. It combines these three structural forms to create a unique composite floor slab that integrates the high strength and rigidity of the steel rail beams, the excellent compressive strength of the brick arches, and the integrity and plasticity of the concrete slabs. This ingenious combination of traditional and modern architecture fully utilizes the high strength and load-bearing capacity of the steel rail beams, the aesthetic value and traditional charm of the brick arches, and the integrity and stability of the concrete slabs. It preserves the beauty and cultural value of traditional architecture while meeting the structural requirements of modern buildings, resulting in a stable, aesthetically pleasing, and durable composite floor slab structure. This contributes to the inheritance and development of architectural culture and plays a vital role in preserving traditional architectural techniques and culture.

[0020] This invention doubles the load-bearing capacity. The steel rail beams bear the main tensile and bending stresses of the floor slab, the brick arches exert their compressive resistance, and the concrete provides overall constraint. The three work together to increase the floor slab's load-bearing capacity (compared to a pure brick arch structure), meeting the live load requirements of modern buildings. The reliable connection between the steel rail beams and the main structure forms an energy-dissipating node, resulting in an increase in measured seismic fortification intensity. The restoration of the original building achieves zero intervention, completely preserving the brick arch facade texture and interior space style, and realizing the standardized inheritance of traditional brick arch craftsmanship. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a bottom view structural diagram of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the steel mesh of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a utility model Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a construction step diagram of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the steps of this utility model;

[0028] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0029] 1. Steel rail beam; 2. Brick arch; 3. Concrete slab; 4. Horizontal reinforcement; 5. Longitudinal reinforcement; 6. Bottom formwork; 7. Horizontal connecting reinforcement; 8. Vertical connecting reinforcement; 9. Extension reinforcement. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of this utility model and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by this utility model.

[0031] like Figures 1-7 As shown, a composite structure of rail beam, brick arch, and reinforced concrete includes a rail beam body 1, a brick arch 2, and a concrete slab 3.

[0032] The steel rail beams 1 are multiple in number and are arranged in parallel to bear part of the important loads. They transfer part of the tensile force and bending moment of the floor slab to the main structure, reduce the stress on the floor slab itself, reduce the stress concentration of the concrete slab 3, improve the load-bearing capacity and seismic performance of the floor slab, and thus extend the service life of the floor slab.

[0033] The steel rail beam 1 is fixedly connected to the load-bearing wall or load-bearing column and connected to the main structure of the building. The steel rail beam 1 can be fixed by embedded fixing.

[0034] The steel rail beam 1 can serve as the main load-bearing component, spanning a large space and improving the space utilization rate of the building.

[0035] At the same time, the connection between the steel rail beam 1 and the main building structure is sealed with grout to ensure a firm and reliable connection;

[0036] The steel rail beam 1 can be the original steel rail beam 1 of the building, which is reinforced by increasing its cross section. The steel rail beam 1 can also be a retrofitted steel rail beam 1, in which the end of the steel rail beam 1 is embedded into the load-bearing brick wall. This does not require large-scale demolition of the original structure, and causes less damage to the original structure. It reduces irreversible damage caused during the repair of the brick arch floor of the ancient building and minimizes the intervention and damage to the original historical components.

[0037] The installation area is formed between two adjacent steel rail beams 1. The brick arch 2 is built inside the installation area using traditional techniques. It utilizes the compressive strength of bricks and the mechanical principles of arches to bear part of the floor load. At the same time, the use of traditional techniques preserves the historical charm.

[0038] The brick arch 2 can be constructed using traditional methods. During construction, the curvature and dimensions of the brick arch 2 are strictly controlled, and modern bonding materials are used to ensure the stability and integrity of the brick arch 2. Micro-expansion mortar is used as a bonding material during the construction of the brick arch 2 to ensure its stability and integrity. This ensures that the brick arch 2 is tightly integrated with other structural components, reduces the risk of deformation and cracking during construction and use, and ensures that the shape of the brick arch 2 meets the design requirements.

[0039] The concrete slab 3 is fixedly connected above the combination of the steel rail beam 1 and the brick arch 2. Since the brick arch 2 is located below the concrete slab 3, the exposed surface on the lower side of the floor slab is the brick arch surface, which can better preserve the architectural aesthetic features of the brick arch.

[0040] like Figures 1-4As shown, the concrete slab 3 includes a concrete slab 3 and a steel mesh. The steel mesh is located above the brick arch 2 and is connected to the steel rail beam 1. The concrete slab 3 is cast on the upper side of the combination of the steel rail beam 1 and the brick arch 2 to form an integral composite structural floor slab, which fully utilizes the tensile strength and overall performance of the concrete slab 3 and achieves a substantial improvement in structural safety.

[0041] During the pouring process, appropriate vibration methods should be used to ensure that the concrete is dense. During vibration, collisions with the steel mesh and brick arch should be avoided to prevent affecting the stability of the structure.

[0042] Curing of poured concrete involves keeping the concrete surface moist to prevent cracking.

[0043] Specifically, the preferred connection method between the steel mesh and the rail beam 1 is welding. The steel mesh is welded to the rail beam 1, so that the steel mesh and the rail beam 1 form an integral force-bearing system and share the force together.

[0044] like Figures 3-5 As shown, the steel mesh includes multiple horizontal steel bars 4 and multiple vertical steel bars 5. The horizontal steel bars 4 are welded between two adjacent rail beams 1, and the vertical steel bars 5 are tied to the horizontal steel bars 4, which makes the production of the steel mesh relatively simple.

[0045] The longitudinal reinforcement 5 includes a transverse connecting bar 7. Both ends of the transverse connecting bar 7 are fixedly connected to vertical connecting bars 8. The upper ends of the two vertical connecting bars 8 are fixedly connected to extension bars 9. The extension bars 9 are welded together with the rail beam body 1. Through the improvement of the structure of the longitudinal reinforcement 5, the rail beam body 1 and the longitudinal reinforcement 5 have a larger welding area.

[0046] like Figures 6-7 As shown, the construction process of the composite floor slab structure is disclosed here:

[0047] Step 1: Construction Preparation

[0048] Be familiar with the design drawings and understand the design requirements and construction techniques for composite structural floor slabs.

[0049] Prepare the materials and equipment required for construction, including the rail beam body 1, bricks, bonding materials, steel bars, concrete, etc.

[0050] The materials and equipment required for the construction in step one are shown in the table below:

[0051] Table 1 Main Materials

[0052] Serial Number Material Name Specification Technical indicators 1 steel rail beam 60kg / m 880MPa and above 2 brick 240mm×115mm×53mm MU10 3 Micro-expansion mortar 50kg / bag M7.5 4 Reinforcing steel 12mm HRB400 grade steel bars 5 concrete C30 200mm±20 6 template 1830mm*915mm /

[0053] Table 2 Machinery and Equipment

[0054] Serial Number name Specifications and Models Main performance 1 Brick trowel 4474-zg-36cm / 2 Rebar cutting machine GQ40 / 3 electric welding machine BX1-400 /

[0055] Step 2: Installation

[0056] According to the design requirements, the original steel rail beams of the building will be retained, and their cross-sections will be increased for reinforcement.

[0057] The steel rail beam 1 is embedded into the load-bearing brick wall and connected to the main building structure. The connection is sealed with grout to ensure a firm and reliable connection.

[0058] Step 3: Formwork erection and masonry of the brick arch.

[0059] Install the bottom formwork 6 strictly according to the curvature and dimensions of the brick arch 2, and then carry out the traditional brick arch 2 masonry on the bottom formwork 6. During the brick arch 2 masonry process, use micro-expansion mortar to ensure the stability and integrity of the brick arch 2 and ensure that the shape of the brick arch 2 meets the design requirements.

[0060] Step 4: Rebar Binding

[0061] According to the design requirements, the steel bars are cut and processed.

[0062] The longitudinal reinforcing bars 5 are welded to the rail beam 1, so that the longitudinal reinforcing bars 5 and the rail beam 1 form an integrated force-bearing system and share the force together.

[0063] Step 5: Concrete Pouring

[0064] After the reinforcing steel bars are tied, concrete is poured, and appropriate vibration methods are used to ensure the concrete is dense. During vibration, avoid contact with the reinforcing steel bars and brick arch 2 to prevent affecting the structural stability. The poured concrete slab 3 is then cured, keeping the concrete surface moist to prevent cracking.

[0065] Out of respect for the protection of history and cultural relics, installation personnel are prohibited from bringing prohibited items (lighters) into the site.

[0066] Establish and improve safety management systems, strengthen safety education and training, and raise the safety awareness of construction workers.

[0067] Clear safety warning signs should be set up at the construction site to ensure the safety of construction workers.

[0068] Regularly inspect and maintain lifting equipment, welding equipment, etc., to ensure the safe operation of the equipment.

[0069] Strengthen safety management at construction sites and strictly prohibit illegal operations and violations.

[0070] Construction waste generated during the construction process should be cleaned up in a timely manner and transported to a designated location for disposal.

[0071] Construction time should be arranged reasonably to avoid construction during residents' rest time and to reduce the impact of construction noise on the surrounding environment.

[0072] Sprinkling water at the construction site reduces dust pollution and minimizes environmental impact.

[0073] This embodiment has been successfully applied in three building complexes of the Phase III Renovation Project of the Zhonghua Baroque Street: historical buildings No. 1-13, historical buildings No. 35-45, and historical buildings No. 60-66. All have achieved good social and economic benefits. This construction method is structurally stable, convenient to construct, aesthetically pleasing, and durable, fully ensuring interior ceiling height, and plays a positive role in promoting the inheritance and development of traditional techniques.

[0074] This construction method saved RMB 92,400 in the application to historical buildings No. 1-13 in the third phase renovation project of the Zhonghua Baroque Street; RMB 117,900 in the application to historical buildings No. 35-45 in the third phase renovation project of the Zhonghua Baroque Street; and RMB 83,100 in the application to historical buildings No. 60-66 in the third phase renovation project of the Zhonghua Baroque Street, achieving significant economic benefits.

[0075] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this utility model, unless otherwise specified or limited, shall be implemented using conventional methods in the field.

Claims

1. A steel-rail beam, brick arch, reinforced concrete composite structure, characterized by: It includes a steel rail beam (1), a brick arch (2), and a concrete slab (3); The number of rail beams (1) is multiple, and the multiple rail beams (1) are arranged side by side; An installation area is formed between two adjacent rail beams (1), and the brick arch (2) is built inside the installation area; The concrete slab (3) is fixedly connected above the combination of the rail beam (1) and the brick arch (2); the concrete slab (3) includes a concrete slab (3) and a steel mesh, the steel mesh is located above the brick arch (2), and the steel mesh is connected to the rail beam (1), and the concrete slab (3) is cast on the upper side of the combination of the rail beam (1) and the brick arch (2).

2. A steel girder, brick arch, reinforced concrete composite structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brick arch (2) uses micro-expansion mortar as a bonding material.

3. A steel girder, brick arch, reinforced concrete composite structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The steel mesh and the rail beam (1) are connected by welding.

4. A steel girder, brick arch, reinforced concrete composite structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The steel mesh includes multiple horizontal steel bars (4) and multiple longitudinal steel bars (5). The horizontal steel bars (4) are welded between two adjacent rail beams (1), and the longitudinal steel bars (5) are tied to the horizontal steel bars (4).

5. A steel girder, brick arch, reinforced concrete composite structure according to claim 4, characterised in that: The longitudinal reinforcement (5) includes a transverse connecting bar (7), and both ends of the transverse connecting bar (7) are fixedly connected to a vertical connecting bar (8). The upper ends of the two vertical connecting bars (8) are fixedly connected to an extension bar (9). The extension bar (9) is welded together with the rail beam body (1).

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