A microscopic observation device for soil particles in shaking table tests

Abstract

This utility model relates to a microscopic observation device for soil particles in shaking table tests, belonging to the technical field of civil engineering experimental equipment. It includes a vibrating base that supports the entire device and provides controlled vibration power; a fully transparent model box is mounted on the vibrating base to hold the soil particle sample to be observed, and the bottom layer of the fully transparent model box has symmetrically arranged wave-absorbing sponge layers on its left and right sides; a miniature camera assembly is mounted on the vibrating base, vibrating synchronously with the fully transparent model box; the miniature camera assembly includes a camera with high-speed continuous shooting capability, and the frame rate of the miniature camera assembly is not less than 300fps; a horizontal electric guide rail is mounted on the vibrating base; and a vertical electric lifting column is mounted on the horizontal electric guide rail. This utility model effectively eliminates the relative displacement problem caused by the asynchronous movement of the camera equipment and the model box in shaking table tests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of civil engineering experimental equipment technology, and in particular to a soil particle microscopic observation device for shaking table testing. Background Technology

[0002] In the study of dynamic properties of geotechnical engineering, it is of great significance to observe the microscopic motion law of soil under dynamic action such as earthquakes and traffic loads (such as particle rolling, shear band formation, and liquefaction process).

[0003] Traditional observation equipment typically employs large external cameras mounted on fixed supports far from the vibration table. Due to the extremely high spatial resolution (micrometer level) required for microscopic observation, the high-frequency vibration of the model chamber and the stationary state of the external camera during experiments create significant relative displacement, resulting in severe ghosting and blurring in the captured particle images. Even with perfect background processing, it is impossible to reconstruct the minute displacement vectors of the particles using algorithms.

[0004] In the above structure, the installation layout of the external camera equipment and the vibration table model box directly causes uncontrollable relative displacement between the two, resulting in blurred imaging, distorted experimental data, and inaccurate capture of key dynamic evolution processes. Utility Model Content

[0005] To eliminate the relative displacement problem caused by the asynchronous movement of the camera equipment and the model box in shaking table tests, this utility model provides a soil particle microscopic observation device for shaking table tests.

[0006] This utility model provides a soil particle microscopic observation device for shaking table tests, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A soil particle microscopic observation device for shaking table testing includes a vibration base for supporting the entire device and providing controlled vibration power.

[0008] A fully transparent model box is installed on the vibration base. The fully transparent model box is used to hold the soil particle sample to be observed. The bottom layer of the fully transparent model box is symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides. The wave-absorbing sponge layer is used to absorb the reflected waves generated by the vibration wave on the box wall to simulate a semi-infinite space field.

[0009] A miniature camera assembly is mounted on the vibration base, and the miniature camera assembly vibrates synchronously with the fully transparent model box; the miniature camera assembly includes a camera with high-speed continuous shooting function, and the frame rate of the miniature camera assembly is not less than 300fps to capture the displacement vector of the particles during vibration transients;

[0010] A horizontal electric guide rail is installed on the vibration base. The horizontal electric guide rail is used for the micro camera component to move horizontally left and right along the wall of the fully transparent model box to realize the switching observation of the movement state of soil particles at different horizontal positions.

[0011] A vertical electric lifting column is installed on the horizontal electric guide rail. The vertical electric lifting column is used for the micro camera component to move back and forth in the vertical direction to realize automated observation of different depth layers of the soil sample during vibration.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the miniature camera component and the fully transparent model box vibrate synchronously with the vibration base, completely eliminating the relative displacement caused by their asynchronous motion from a physical structure perspective. This avoids image ghosting and trailing, ensuring clear imaging of microscopic particle motion and accurate data. At the same time, the high frame rate high-speed camera can clearly capture the subtle movements of soil particles under vibration transients, accurately obtain particle displacement vectors, and the wave-absorbing sponge layer effectively absorbs the vibration reflection waves of the box wall, weakening the boundary effect and more realistically simulating the semi-infinite space field, thus improving the accuracy of the test results.

[0013] Optionally, the miniature camera assembly is mounted on the horizontal electric guide rail; a first miniature drive motor is connected to the horizontal electric guide rail, and the first miniature drive motor is used to drive the miniature camera assembly to move horizontally left and right.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the first micro drive motor can drive the micro camera component to move horizontally along the wall of the model box, so as to realize flexible switching observation of the movement state of soil particles at different horizontal positions, and improve the observation coverage and flexibility.

[0015] Optionally, a second micro drive motor is installed on the vertical electric lifting column, which is used to drive the micro camera component to reciprocate in the vertical direction.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the second micro drive motor drives the micro camera component to move vertically up and down, which can automatically observe the soil sample at different depths during vibration, and meet the needs of dynamic monitoring of layers.

[0017] Optionally, a limiting fastening component is provided between the fully transparent model box and the vibration base, the limiting fastening component being used to limit and fix the fully transparent model box and the vibration base;

[0018] The limiting and fastening assembly includes a clamping member for pressing the fully transparent model box against the vibration base, a movable sleeve slidably mounted on the vibration base, and a locking plate slidably mounted in the movable sleeve and locking the clamping member against the vibration base.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the limiting and fastening assembly reliably presses and locks the model box and the vibration base, preventing relative slippage during the test and ensuring the stability of the overall structure's synchronous vibration.

[0020] Optionally, the vibration base is provided with a movable groove, the movable sleeve is slidably installed in the movable groove, and a first compression spring is provided between the movable groove and the movable sleeve. The first compression spring drives the movable sleeve to always tend to move away from the clamping member.

[0021] A second compression spring is provided between the locking plate and the movable sleeve. The second compression spring drives the locking plate to always have the tendency to insert into the vibration base and lock the vibration base and the clamping member.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the first compression spring and the second compression spring provide automatic reset and locking force, making the limit fastening assembly easy to install and securely locked.

[0023] Optionally, the inner bottom surface of the fully transparent model box is covered with a layer of coarse gravel, which is fixed to the bottom of the fully transparent model box by bonding and is used to increase the friction between the bottom of the model box and the soil sample.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the rough crushed stone layer increases the friction between the bottom of the model box and the soil, avoids secondary relative displacement between the soil and the box, and ensures that the dynamic response of the soil is real and reliable.

[0025] Optionally, the fully transparent model box is made of thickened acrylic panels, and the joints around the box are sealed with anti-leakage sealant to support saturated soil testing.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solutions, the thickened acrylic sheet and sealant make the box body strong and well-sealed, enabling saturated soil tests and expanding the applicable scenarios of the device.

[0027] Optionally, the thickness of the absorbing sponge layer is customized according to the wavelength corresponding to the preset vibration frequency, and the surface of the absorbing sponge layer is covered with an opaque film to prevent moisture from seeping in and affecting the absorbing performance.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the thickness of the absorbing sponge layer is customized according to the vibration wavelength and covered with a waterproof film, ensuring stable absorbing effect that is not affected by moisture, extending service life and improving test consistency.

[0029] In summary, this utility model has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] 1. By synchronously vibrating the miniature camera component and the fully transparent model box with the vibrating base, the relative displacement caused by their asynchronous motion is completely eliminated from the physical structure, avoiding image ghosting and trailing, and ensuring clear imaging and accurate data of particle micro-motion.

[0031] 2. By effectively absorbing the vibration reflection waves from the chamber wall through the absorbing sponge layer, the boundary effect is weakened, the semi-infinite space field is simulated more realistically, and the accuracy of the test results is improved;

[0032] 3. By increasing the friction between the bottom of the model box and the soil through a rough gravel layer, the secondary relative displacement between the soil and the box is avoided, ensuring the real and reliable dynamic response of the soil. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a soil particle microscopic observation device used in shaking table tests.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the horizontal electric guide rail, the vertical electric lifting column, and the miniature camera assembly.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a soil particle microscopic observation device used in shaking table tests.

[0036] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of part A in the middle.

[0037] The parts referred to by the numbers in the above attached figures are as follows: 1. Vibration base; 2. Fully transparent model box; 3. Miniature camera component; 4. Wave-absorbing sponge layer; 5. Support block; 6. Horizontal electric guide rail; 7. Horizontal slider; 8. Vertical electric lifting column; 9. First miniature drive motor; 10. Second miniature drive motor; 11. Bracket; 12. Cold light source illumination lamp; 13. Connecting plate; 14. Limiting and fastening component; 141. Clamping component; 142. Moving sleeve; 143. Locking plate; 144. Moving groove; 145. Locking hole; 146. Locking groove; 147. Locking bolt; 148. First compression spring; 149. Second compression spring; 15. Vertical slider. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0039] This utility model discloses a soil particle microscopic observation device for shaking table testing.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 A soil particle microscopic observation device for shaking table testing includes a shaking base 1, a fully transparent model box 2, and a miniature camera component 3.

[0041] The vibration base 1 supports the entire device and provides controlled vibration power. The fully transparent model box 2 is fixedly mounted on the vibration base 1 by the limiting fastening assembly 14. The fully transparent model box 2 is used to hold the soil particle sample to be observed. The miniature camera assembly 3 is mounted on the vibration base 1, facing the observation surface of the fully transparent model box 2 and vibrating synchronously with the fully transparent model box 2.

[0042] The fully transparent model box 2 is constructed from thickened acrylic panels. All joints around the box are sealed with anti-leakage sealant to ensure a tight seal and support saturated soil testing. Symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom layer inside the fully transparent model box 2 are wave-absorbing sponge layers 4. These layers absorb reflected waves generated by vibration waves on the box walls to simulate a semi-infinite space field. The thickness of the wave-absorbing sponge layers 4 is customized according to the wavelength corresponding to the preset vibration frequency. An opaque film covers the surface of the wave-absorbing sponge layers 4 to prevent moisture infiltration and maintain their absorption performance. A layer of coarse gravel is laid on the inner bottom surface of the fully transparent model box 2. This coarse gravel layer is fixed to the bottom of the box by adhesive bonding, thereby increasing the friction between the bottom of the model box and the soil sample and preventing relative displacement between the soil and the model box.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 A support block 5 is fixedly installed on the fully transparent model box 2. A horizontal electric guide rail 6 is installed between the support blocks 5. A horizontal slider 7 is slidably connected to the outside of the horizontal electric guide rail 6. A vertical electric lifting column 8 is installed on the horizontal slider 7. A vertical slider 15 is slidably connected to the vertical electric lifting column 8. A miniature camera component 3 is installed on the vertical slider 15.

[0044] A first micro-drive motor 9 is mounted on the horizontal electric guide rail 6. This motor drives the horizontal slider 7 to move, thereby causing the micro-camera assembly 3 to move horizontally left and right along the wall of the fully transparent model box 2, enabling switching observations of the soil particle movement state at different horizontal positions. A second micro-drive motor 10 is mounted on the vertical electric lifting column 8. This motor drives the micro-camera assembly 3 to reciprocate vertically, enabling automated observation of different depth stratifications of the soil sample during vibration. The micro-camera assembly 3 includes a camera with high-speed continuous shooting capabilities, achieving high-speed continuous shooting. The frame rate of the micro-camera assembly 3 is no less than 300fps to capture the particle displacement vector during vibration transients.

[0045] A bracket 11 is fixedly mounted on the upper side of the miniature camera assembly 3. A cold light source illuminator 12 is fixedly mounted on the bracket 11. The cold light source illuminator 12 is used to provide a uniform light field to avoid reflection from the fully transparent model box 2.

[0046] Reference Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 A plug-in plate 13 is fixedly installed on the outside of the fully transparent model box 2. The limiting and fastening assembly 14 fixes the plug-in plate 13 to the vibration base 1 to prevent relative displacement between the two. The limiting and fastening assembly 14 includes a clamping member 141, a movable sleeve 142, and a locking plate 143.

[0047] The clamping member 141 is pressed against the top of the plug-in plate 13 and abuts against the vibration base 1. The vibration base 1 has a moving groove 144, and the moving sleeve 142 is slidably installed in the moving groove 144. The clamping member 141 has a locking hole 145, and the locking plate 143 passes through the locking hole 145 and is slidably installed in the moving sleeve 142. The vibration base 1 has a locking groove 146, and the locking plate 143 is inserted into the locking groove 146 to lock the clamping member 141 and the vibration base 1, and is further reinforced by a locking bolt 147. A first compression spring 148 is fixedly connected to the outside of the moving sleeve 142, and the other end of the first compression spring 148 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the moving groove 144. The first compression spring 148 drives the moving sleeve 142 to always tend to move away from the clamping member 141. A second compression spring 149 is fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the movable sleeve 142. The other end of the second compression spring 149 is fixedly connected to the locking plate 143. The second compression spring 149 drives the locking plate 143 to always have the tendency to insert into the locking groove 146 to lock the vibration base 1 and the clamping member 141.

[0048] The implementation principle of a soil particle microscopic observation device for shaking table testing according to this utility model embodiment is as follows: Before the test, the clamping member 141 is first clamped onto the plug plate 13. Then, the locking plate 143 is pulled upward to overcome the elastic force of the second compression spring 149 and move upward. Then, the locking plate 143 is pulled horizontally to drive the moving sleeve 142 to move towards the side closer to the clamping member 141, overcoming the elastic force of the first compression spring 148. This causes the locking plate 143 to move above the locking groove 146. Then, the locking plate 143 is released, and under the elastic force of the first compression spring 148 and the second compression spring 149, the locking plate 143 is inserted into the locking groove 146, thereby locking the clamping member 141 and the vibration base 1. This further locks the fully transparent model box 2 and the vibration base 1. Then, the fixing between the two is further reinforced by twisting the locking bolt 147 to prevent relative displacement between the two. The soil particle sample to be tested is then placed into the fully transparent model box 2. The initial position of the micro camera component 3 is adjusted through the control terminal, and the angle of the cold light source 12 is adjusted to provide a uniform light field and avoid reflection from the model box.

[0049] During the experiment, the vibration base 1 was activated, providing controlled vibration power. The fully transparent model box 2 and the miniature camera component 3 vibrated synchronously with the vibration base 1, completely eliminating relative displacement between them from a physical structure perspective. The miniature camera component 3 captured the dynamic behavior of soil particles at a high frame rate, producing high-definition images without blurring or ghosting. During the experiment, the first miniature drive motor 9 and the second miniature drive motor 10 drove the miniature camera component 3 to move horizontally and vertically, respectively, enabling automated observation of soil samples at different horizontal positions and depths. It could also dynamically track locally damaged areas such as shear bands. All position adjustments were completed based on synchronous vibration, without generating new relative displacement. Furthermore, during this process, the wave-absorbing sponge layer 4 absorbed the reflected waves from the box wall, weakening the boundary effect, while the rough gravel layer increased the base friction, preventing secondary relative displacement between the soil and the model box. This dual optimization ensured the authenticity of the soil's dynamic response. Finally, after the high-definition image data is transmitted to a computer, the displacement vector field and strain field of the particles can be extracted using digital image correlation technology to complete the research and analysis of the micro-dynamic properties of soil particles.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are protected. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A soil particle micro-observation device for a shaking table test, characterized by: Includes a vibration base (1), which is used to support the entire device and provide controlled vibration power; A fully transparent model box (2) is installed on the vibration base (1). The fully transparent model box (2) is used to hold the soil particle sample to be observed. The bottom layer of the fully transparent model box (2) is symmetrically provided with wave-absorbing sponge layers (4) on the left and right sides. The wave-absorbing sponge layers (4) are used to absorb the reflected waves generated by the vibration wave on the box wall to simulate a semi-infinite space field. A miniature camera assembly (3) is installed on the vibration base (1), and the miniature camera assembly (3) vibrates synchronously with the fully transparent model box (2); the miniature camera assembly (3) includes a camera with high-speed continuous shooting function, and the frame rate of the miniature camera assembly (3) is not less than 300fps to capture the displacement vector of the particles under vibration transients; A horizontal electric guide rail (6) is installed on the vibration base (1). The horizontal electric guide rail (6) is used for the micro camera component (3) to move horizontally left and right along the wall of the fully transparent model box (2) to realize the switching observation of the movement state of soil particles at different horizontal positions. A vertical electric lifting column (8) is installed on the horizontal electric guide rail (6). The vertical electric lifting column (8) is used for the micro camera component (3) to move back and forth in the vertical direction to realize automated observation of different depth layers of the soil sample during vibration. 2.The soil particle micro-observation device for a shaking table test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The miniature camera assembly (3) is mounted on the horizontal electric guide rail (6); a first miniature drive motor (9) is connected to the horizontal electric guide rail (6), and the first miniature drive motor (9) is used to drive the miniature camera assembly (3) to move horizontally left and right. 3.The soil particle micro-observation device for a shaking table test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical electric lifting column (8) is equipped with a second micro drive motor (10), which is used to drive the micro camera component (3) to move back and forth in the vertical direction.

4. The soil particle micro-observation device for a shaking table test according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting fastening assembly (14) is provided between the fully transparent model box (2) and the vibration base (1), and the limiting fastening assembly (14) is used to limit and fix the fully transparent model box (2) and the vibration base (1); The limiting fastening assembly (14) includes a clamping member (141) for pressing the fully transparent model box (2) against the vibration base (1), a movable sleeve (142) slidably mounted on the vibration base (1), and a locking plate (143) slidably mounted in the movable sleeve (142) and locking the clamping member (141) against the vibration base (1).

5. The soil particle micro-observation device for a shaking table test according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibration base (1) is provided with a moving groove (144), and the moving sleeve (142) is slidably installed in the moving groove (144). A first compression spring (148) is provided between the moving groove (144) and the moving sleeve (142). The first compression spring (148) drives the moving sleeve (142) to always have a tendency to move away from the clamping member (141). A second compression spring (149) is provided between the locking plate (143) and the movable sleeve (142). The second compression spring (149) drives the locking plate (143) to always have the tendency to insert into the vibration base (1) and lock the vibration base (1) with the clamping member (141).

6. The soil particle micro-observation device for a shaking table test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the fully transparent model box (2) is covered with a layer of rough gravel. The rough gravel layer is fixed to the bottom of the fully transparent model box (2) by bonding and is used to increase the friction between the bottom of the model box and the soil sample.

7. The soil particle micro-observation device for a shaking table test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fully transparent model box (2) is made of thickened acrylic panels. All the joints around the box body of the fully transparent model box (2) are equipped with anti-leakage sealant to seal and support saturated soil tests. 8.The soil particle micro-observation device for a shaking table test according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the absorbing sponge layer (4) is customized according to the wavelength corresponding to the preset vibration frequency. The surface of the absorbing sponge layer (4) is covered with an opaque film to prevent moisture from seeping in and affecting the absorbing performance.

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