A visual tester for V-shaped clamp self-centering small module spur and internal gear

Abstract

This invention provides a V-shaped self-centering visual testing instrument for small-module spur gears. The instrument includes a work platform, an electrically controlled translation stage, a center positioning measurement worktable, a high-precision rotary indexing plate, a measuring platform, and a V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism. A stepper motor controls the gear transmission mechanism, which drives the forward and reverse toothed ball screws to rotate. These ball screws drive two sliders in a relative linear reciprocating motion. The two sliders are connected to a V-shaped clamp, which clamps the outer surface of the internal gear being tested by using the forward rotation to cause the ball screws to move relative to each other. When the V-shaped clamp moves counterclockwise, it releases the outer surface of the internal gear being tested, thus realizing the clamping and releasing of the V-shaped clamp. This invention, through the cooperation of the V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism and the high-precision rotary indexing plate, achieves automatic, rapid, and accurate center positioning of the gear being tested, tooth-by-tooth imaging, and good system illumination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gear parameter measurement, specifically a visual testing instrument for small-module spur internal gears with a V-shaped clamp self-centering mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] Internal gears are commonly used components in mechanical transmissions, and their precision directly affects their transmission performance. To ensure gear precision in various fields, it is necessary to perform rapid and accurate measurements on the gears.

[0003] Traditional contact measurement methods are time-consuming, unable to meet the needs of in-machine gear measurement, and cannot provide timely analytical reports. They may also scratch the gear teeth, affecting gear quality. Machine vision technology offers advantages such as non-contact measurement, high speed, high accuracy, and high automation. However, existing non-contact measurement methods struggle to achieve automated, rapid, and accurate center positioning and tooth-by-tooth imaging for internal gears.

[0004] With the rapid development of industrial automation and intelligence, the development of a vision testing instrument specifically designed for small and medium module spur gears is expected to solve the problems existing in current measurement technologies and meet the urgent needs of modern manufacturing for high-precision and high-efficiency gear measurement. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a V-type self-centering visual testing instrument for small-module spur gears, including a working platform in a spatial rectangular coordinate system O-XYZ, an electrically controlled translation stage along the X-axis, an electrically controlled translation stage along the Z-axis, a center positioning measurement worktable, a high-precision rotary indexing plate, a measuring object stage, and a V-type self-centering clamping mechanism.

[0006] The high-precision rotary indexing plate, the central positioning measuring worktable, the measuring object stage, and the V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism are installed sequentially from bottom to top on the upper surface of the work platform.

[0007] A connecting block is installed on the upper slider of the electrically controlled translation stage along the X-axis.

[0008] The upper surface of the connecting block is provided with an electrically controlled translation stage along the Z-axis.

[0009] A visual inspection system connection block is mounted on the electrically controlled translation platform along the Z-axis.

[0010] A camera and lens are mounted on the connecting block of the visual inspection system.

[0011] The central positioning and measurement workbench includes four columns and a workbench with planar openings.

[0012] The four columns are installed on the upper surface of the heavy-duty platform.

[0013] The workbench with a planar opening is placed horizontally above four columns to distribute the force evenly. An LED backlight source is installed on the workbench with the planar opening.

[0014] The high-precision rotary indexing plate is mounted on the upper surface of the heavy-duty platform.

[0015] The measuring platform is supported and fixed above the support plate by bolts.

[0016] The measuring platform is mounted above the rotating column on the upper surface of the high-precision rotating indexing plate.

[0017] The V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism includes a symmetrical V-shaped clamp, a slider, a positive and negative toothed ball screw, a guide screw, a guide screw protective sleeve, a guide screw bearing, a support base, a side plate, a straight bevel gear, a stepper motor II, a guide screw support base, and a base plate.

[0018] Furthermore, the symmetrical V-shaped clamp and slider are mounted on the coaxial axis of the positive and negative tooth ball screw and the guide rod.

[0019] The positive and negative toothed ball screws and the guide rod are mounted on the coaxial axis of the two side support seats.

[0020] The optical shaft bearing is mounted coaxially on the corresponding circular hole of the slider.

[0021] The lead screw bearing is mounted on the coaxiality of the circular holes on both sides of the support seat.

[0022] The support base is mounted on the surface of the side plate.

[0023] The optical bar protective sleeve is installed on the outer surface of the circular holes on both sides of the optical bar support base.

[0024] The lead screw protective sleeve is installed on the outer surface of the circular hole on the right side of the support seat of the positive and negative tooth ball screw.

[0025] The support base is installed on both sides of the side plate surface.

[0026] The side plate is placed perpendicular to the bottom plate.

[0027] The straight bevel gears are respectively mounted on the outer surface of the support base and the inner surface of the opening on the left side of the side plate.

[0028] The stepper motor II is mounted on the outer surface of the opening on the left side of the side plate.

[0029] The lead screw support is mounted on the coaxial center of the left-hand position of the forward and reverse toothed ball screw.

[0030] The base plate will sequentially install the symmetrical V-shaped clamp, slider, positive and negative toothed ball screw, guide rod, guide rod protective sleeve, guide rod protective sleeve, guide rod bearing, guide rod bearing, support seat, side plate, straight bevel gear, stepper motor II and guide rod support seat on top.

[0031] Furthermore, in the spatial rectangular coordinate system O-XYZ, the X-axis is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the testing instrument, the Y-axis is parallel to the transverse direction of the testing instrument, and the Z-axis is parallel to the direction of the plumb bob.

[0032] Furthermore, the lead screw transmission mechanism, gear transmission mechanism, and stepper motor II serve as driving elements.

[0033] The lead screw transmission mechanism includes a forward and reverse toothed ball screw, an X-axis ball screw, and a Z-axis ball screw.

[0034] The Z-axis ball screw is perpendicular to the X-axis ball screw.

[0035] The working principle of the Z-axis ball screw is the same as that of the X-axis ball screw. The Z-axis ball screw is perpendicular to the X-axis ball screw and is located inside the Z-axis electrically controlled translation stage. It is driven by a motor and connected by a coupling, which indirectly drives the Z-axis ball screw to rotate and transmits power and motion through meshing with the nut pair.

[0036] The motor transmits power and motion through the meshing of the positive and negative tooth ball screws with the nut pair, the meshing of the Z-axis ball screw with the nut pair, and the meshing of the X-axis ball screw with the nut pair.

[0037] The forward and reverse toothed ball screws are connected to the gear transmission mechanism. The stepper motor II is connected to the gear transmission mechanism.

[0038] The drive mechanisms along the X-axis and Z-axis include stepper motors and lead screws. The drive mechanism along the Y-axis consists of a stepper motor II, a gear transmission mechanism, and a forward and reverse toothed ball screw.

[0039] Furthermore, the left and right sliders of the optical bar are both fixed in the form of bearing sleeves within their circular holes.

[0040] Furthermore, both ends of the positive and negative toothed ball screws are fixed in the form of bearing sleeves.

[0041] Furthermore, the visual measurement system includes dual telecentric lenses and a CCD camera.

[0042] Furthermore, the high-precision rotary indexing plate is connected to stepper motor I. Stepper motor I drives the rotary indexing plate to rotate.

[0043] Furthermore, the straight bevel gear includes a pair of straight bevel gears that mesh to transmit power and motion along the vertical direction.

[0044] Furthermore, the V-shaped clamp includes a pair of V-shaped clamps with an angle of 120°. This pair of V-shaped clamps moves synchronously relative to each other along the Y-axis.

[0045] The technical effects of this utility model are undeniable, and its beneficial effects are as follows:

[0046] 1. The vision inspection system is positioned within its effective stroke by an electrically controlled translation stage along the X and Z axes to the area of ​​interest of the spur gear to be measured. The rotation of the high-precision rotary indexing plate enables tooth-by-tooth imaging of the gear to obtain the image of the spur gear to be measured.

[0047] 2. By analyzing the self-centering mechanism of small-module spur internal gears, the measurement problem of spur internal gears was solved. A stepper motor drives the meshing rotation of the spur bevel gears, which in turn drives the ball screw to rotate. The ball screw drives the connected slider to perform reciprocating linear motion. The relative synchronous motion of the slider driven by the forward and reverse toothed ball screws achieves workpiece clamping and release. Based on this, a positioning groove is used to level the measuring stage with the ball screw in the self-centering mechanism, achieving automatic centering to ensure the completeness and accuracy of the gear measurement image. A V-type clamping mechanism is adopted, improving the overall stability and self-centering accuracy of the clamping mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the visual structure of a vision testing instrument;

[0049] Figure 2 A partial side view of the V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a top view of the visual measuring instrument;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a side view of the vision measuring instrument.

[0052] In the diagram: 1. Marble platform; 2. Heavy-duty platform; 3. Center positioning measuring worktable column; 4. Stepper motor I; 5. Stepper motor II; 6. Straight bevel gear (gear transmission); 7. Positive and negative tooth ball screw (screw transmission); 8. Optical rod protective sleeve; 9. Optical rod; 10. V-clamping mechanism slider; 11. V-clamp; 12. Measuring platform; 13. Lens; 14. Camera; 15. Camera connecting block; 16. Stepper motor IV; 17. Base plate of electrically controlled translation stage along the Z-axis; 18. Connecting block of electrically controlled translation stage along the Z-axis; 19. Slider of electrically controlled translation stage along the Z-axis; 20. Measured spur gear. 21. Rotating column 22. LED backlight source 23. Center positioning measuring worktable 24. High-precision rotary indexing plate 25. X / Z axis electric control translation stage connecting block 26. Electric control translation stage slider along the X axis 27. Electric control translation stage support base along the X axis 28. Stepper motor III 29. Nut pair 30. Side plate 31. Lead screw bearing 32. Support base 33. Base plate 34. Lead screw support base 35. Coupling 36. Motor bracket 37. Electric control translation stage along the X axis 38. Electric control translation stage along the Z axis 39. Support plate 40. Lead screw protective sleeve 41. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments, but it should not be construed as the scope of the present invention being limited to the following embodiments. Various substitutions and modifications made based on ordinary technical knowledge and conventional methods in the art without departing from the above-described technical concept of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0054] Example 1:

[0055] See Figures 1 to 4 A V-shaped self-centering visual testing instrument for small-module spur gears includes a working platform 1 in a spatial rectangular coordinate system O-XYZ, an electrically controlled translation stage 38 along the X-axis, an electrically controlled translation stage 39 along the Z-axis, a center positioning measuring worktable 24, a high-precision rotating indexing disk 25, a measuring object stage 13, and a V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism 12.

[0056] The high-precision rotary indexing plate 25, the central positioning measuring worktable 24, the measuring object platform 13, and the V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism 12 are installed sequentially from bottom to top on the upper surface of the work platform 1.

[0057] A connecting block 26 is installed on the upper slider of the electrically controlled translation stage 38 along the X-axis.

[0058] The upper surface of the connecting block 26 is provided with an electrically controlled translation stage 39 along the Z-axis.

[0059] The electronically controlled translation stage 39 along the Z-axis is equipped with a vision inspection system connection block 16.

[0060] A camera 15 and a lens 14 are mounted on the visual inspection system connection block 16.

[0061] The central positioning and measuring workbench 24 includes four columns and a workbench with planar openings.

[0062] The four columns 3 are installed on the upper surface of the heavy-duty platform 2.

[0063] The workbench with a planar opening is placed horizontally above the four columns to distribute the force evenly. An LED backlight source 23 is installed on the workbench with the planar opening.

[0064] The high-precision rotary indexing plate 25 is mounted on the upper surface of the heavy-duty platform 2.

[0065] The measuring platform 13 is supported and fixed above the support plate 40 by bolts.

[0066] The measuring platform 13 is installed above the rotating column 22 on the upper surface of the high-precision rotating indexing plate 25.

[0067] The V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism includes a symmetrical V-shaped clamp 12, a slider 11, a positive and negative toothed ball screw 7, a guide screw 9, a screw protective sleeve 41, a guide screw protective sleeve 8, a guide screw bearing 10, a screw bearing 32, a support seat 33, a side plate 31, a straight bevel gear 6, a stepper motor II 5, a screw support seat 35, and a base plate 34.

[0068] Example 2:

[0069] A visual testing instrument for small-module spur gears with a V-shaped clamp self-centering mechanism is provided. The technical content is the same as in Embodiment 1. Furthermore, the symmetrical V-shaped clamp 12 and the slider 11 are mounted on the coaxial axis of the positive and negative tooth ball screws 7 and the optical rod 9.

[0070] The forward and reverse toothed ball screws 7 and the guide rod 9 are mounted on the coaxial axis of the two side support seats 33.

[0071] The optical shaft bearing 10 is mounted on the coaxial axis of the corresponding circular hole of the slider 11.

[0072] The lead screw bearing 32 is mounted on the coaxial axis of the round holes of the support seats 33 on both sides.

[0073] The support base 33 is mounted on the surface of the side plate 31.

[0074] The optical bar protective sleeve 8 is installed on the outer surface of the round holes of the support base 33 on both sides of the optical bar 9.

[0075] The lead screw protective sleeve 41 is installed on the outer surface of the round hole of the right support seat 33 of the positive and negative tooth ball screw 7.

[0076] The support base 33 is installed on both sides of the surface of the side plate 31.

[0077] The side plate 31 is placed perpendicular to the bottom plate 34.

[0078] The straight bevel gears 6 are respectively mounted on the outer surface of the support base 33 and the inner surface of the opening on the left side of the side plate 31.

[0079] The stepper motor II5 is mounted on the outer surface of the opening on the left side of the side plate 31.

[0080] The lead screw support seat 35 is mounted on the coaxial center of the left-hand position of the forward and reverse toothed ball screw 7.

[0081] The base plate 34 sequentially mounts the symmetrical V-shaped clamp 12, slider 11, positive and negative toothed ball screw 7, guide rod 9, guide rod protective sleeve 41, guide rod protective sleeve 8, guide rod bearing 10, guide rod bearing 32, support seat 33, side plate 31, straight bevel gear 6, stepper motor II 5 and guide rod support seat 35.

[0082] Example 3:

[0083] A visual testing instrument for small-module spur gears with a V-shaped clamp self-centering mechanism, with the same technical content as any one of embodiments 1-2, further wherein the X-axis of the spatial rectangular coordinate system O-XYZ is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the testing instrument, the Y-axis is parallel to the transverse direction of the testing instrument, and the Z-axis is parallel to the direction of the plumb bob.

[0084] Example 4:

[0085] A visual testing instrument for small-module spur gears with a V-shaped clamp self-centering mechanism, with the same technical content as any one of embodiments 1-3, further comprising a lead screw transmission mechanism, a gear transmission mechanism 6 and a stepper motor II 5 as driving elements.

[0086] The lead screw transmission mechanism includes a forward and reverse toothed ball screw, an X-axis ball screw, and a Z-axis ball screw.

[0087] The Z-axis ball screw is perpendicular to the X-axis ball screw.

[0088] The working principle of the Z-axis ball screw is the same as that of the X-axis ball screw. The Z-axis ball screw is perpendicular to the X-axis ball screw and is located inside the Z-axis electrically controlled translation stage. It is driven by a motor and connected by a coupling, which indirectly drives the Z-axis ball screw to rotate and transmits power and motion through meshing with the nut pair.

[0089] Different motors transmit power and motion through the meshing of the positive and negative tooth ball screws 7 and the nut pair 30, the meshing of the Z-axis ball screw and the nut pair, and the meshing of the X-axis ball screw and the nut pair.

[0090] The forward and reverse toothed ball screw 7 is connected to the gear transmission mechanism 6. The stepper motor II 5 is connected to the gear transmission mechanism 6.

[0091] The drive mechanisms along the X-axis and Z-axis include stepper motors and lead screws. The drive mechanism along the Y-axis consists of a stepper motor II5, a gear transmission mechanism 6, and a forward and reverse toothed ball screw.

[0092] Example 5:

[0093] A V-shaped clamp self-centering small module spur gear visual testing instrument, the technical content of which is the same as any one of embodiments 1-4, further wherein the left and right sliders of the optical bar 9 are fixed in the form of bearing 10 empty sleeves.

[0094] Example 6:

[0095] A visual testing instrument for small-module spur gears with a V-shaped clamp self-centering mechanism, the technical content of which is the same as any one of embodiments 1-5, further wherein the left and right ends of the positive and negative tooth ball screws 7 are fixed by bearings 32 in the form of empty sleeves.

[0096] Example 7:

[0097] A visual testing instrument for small-module spur gears with a V-shaped clamp self-centering mechanism, the technical content of which is the same as any one of embodiments 1-6, further comprising a dual telecentric lens 14 and a CCD camera 15.

[0098] Example 8:

[0099] A visual testing instrument for small-module spur gears with a V-shaped clamp self-centering mechanism, with the same technical content as any one of embodiments 1-7, further comprising the high-precision rotating indexing plate 25 being connected to a stepper motor I4. The stepper motor I4 drives the rotating indexing plate 25 to rotate.

[0100] Example 9:

[0101] A V-shaped clamp self-centering small module spur gear visual testing instrument, the technical content of which is the same as any one of embodiments 1-8, further wherein the spur bevel gear 6 includes a pair of spur bevel gears 6 that mesh in the tooth profile along the vertical direction to transmit power and motion.

[0102] Example 10:

[0103] A visual testing instrument for small-module spur gears with a V-shaped clamp self-centering mechanism is disclosed. The technical content is the same as any one of embodiments 1-9. Further, the V-shaped clamp 12 includes a pair of V-shaped clamps 12 with an angle of 120°. This pair of V-shaped clamps 12 moves synchronously relative to each other along the Y-axis.

[0104] Example 11:

[0105] See Figures 1-4This embodiment provides a V-shaped self-centering visual testing instrument for small-module spur gears, including a working platform 1 arranged in a spatial rectangular coordinate system O-XYZ, an electrically controlled translation stage 38 along the X-axis, an electrically controlled translation stage 39 along the Z-axis, a center positioning measurement worktable 24, a high-precision rotary indexing disk 25, a measuring platform 13, and a V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism 12. The X-axis of the spatial rectangular coordinate system O-XYZ is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the testing instrument, the Y-axis is parallel to the transverse direction of the testing instrument, and the Z-axis is parallel to the plumb line. The high-precision rotary indexing disk 25, the center positioning measurement worktable 24, the measuring platform 13, and the V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism 12 are sequentially installed on the upper surface of the working platform 1 from bottom to top.

[0106] The upper slider of the electrically controlled translation stage 38 along the X-axis is mounted with a connecting block 26. An electrically controlled translation stage 39 along the Z-axis is disposed on the upper surface of the connecting block 26. A vision inspection system connecting block 16 is mounted on the electrically controlled translation stage 39 along the Z-axis. A camera 15 and a lens 14 are mounted on the vision inspection system connecting block 16.

[0107] The central positioning and measuring workbench 24 includes four columns 3 and a workbench with a planar opening. The four columns 3 are mounted on the upper surface of the heavy-duty platform 2. The workbench with the planar opening is placed horizontally above the four columns 3 to distribute the force evenly. An LED backlight source 23 is installed on the workbench with the planar opening.

[0108] The high-precision rotary indexing plate 25 is mounted on the upper surface of the heavy-duty platform 2.

[0109] The measuring platform 13 is supported and fixed above the support plate 40 by bolts. The measuring platform 13 is made of high-gloss glass material. The measuring platform 13 is mounted above the rotating column 22 on the upper surface of the high-precision rotating indexing plate 25.

[0110] The V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism includes a symmetrical V-shaped clamp 12, a slider 11, a ball screw 7 with reverse teeth, a guide rod 9, a guide rod protective sleeve 41, a guide rod protective sleeve 8, a guide rod bearing 10, a guide rod bearing 32, a support seat 33, a side plate 31, a spur bevel gear 6, a stepper motor II 5, a guide rod support seat 35, and a base plate 34. The symmetrical V-shaped clamp 12 and the slider 11 are mounted coaxially on the ball screw 7 with reverse teeth and the guide rod 9. The ball screw 7 with reverse teeth and the guide rod 9 are mounted coaxially on both side support seats 33. The guide rod bearing 10 is mounted coaxially on the corresponding circular hole of the slider 11. The guide rod bearing 32 is mounted coaxially on the circular holes of both side support seats 33. The support seat 33 is mounted on the surface of the side plate. The guide rod protective sleeve 8 is mounted on the outer surface of the circular holes of the support seats 33 on both sides of the guide rod 9. The guide rod protective sleeve 41 is mounted on the outer surface of the circular hole of the right support seat 33 of the ball screw 7 with reverse teeth. The support base 33 is installed on both sides of the surface of the side plate 31. The side plate 31 is placed perpendicular to the base plate 34. The straight bevel gear 6 is respectively installed on the outer surface of the support base 33 with the opening of the left-side positive and negative tooth ball screw 7 and on the inner surface of the opening on the left side of the side plate 31. The stepper motor II 5 is installed on the outer surface of the opening on the left side of the side plate 31. The screw support base 35 is installed on the coaxial center of the left and right tooth ball screw 7. The base plate 34 sequentially installs the symmetrical V-shaped clamp 12, the slider 11, the positive and negative tooth ball screw 7, the guide rod 9, the screw protective sleeve 41, the guide rod protective sleeve 8, the guide rod bearing 10, the screw bearing 32, the support base 33, the side plate 31, the straight bevel gear 6, the stepper motor II 5, and the screw support base 35. Thus, the two symmetrical V-shaped clamps 12 can be clamped or released relative to each other. The spur gear 21 to be measured is placed on the high-gloss glass disk of the measuring stage 13. The V-shaped clamp 12 clamps the outer surface of the internal gear 21 under test after the relative movement of the clockwise and counterclockwise ball screws 7. The V-shaped clamp 12 releases the outer surface of the internal gear 21 under test after the relative movement of the counterclockwise and counterclockwise ball screws 7. The screw transmission mechanism 7 transmits power and motion through the meshing of the screw 7 and the nut pair 30. The counterclockwise and counterclockwise ball screws 7 are connected to the gear transmission mechanism 6. The stepper motor II 5 is connected to the gear transmission mechanism 6, realizing the clamping and releasing of the V-shaped clamp 12.

[0111] The internal gear 21 to be measured is placed on the high-gloss glass disk of the measuring stage 13. The stepper motor II 5 controls the gear transmission mechanism 6, and the proportional spur bevel gear 6 of the gear transmission mechanism 6 rotates. The rotation of the spur bevel gear 6 is connected to the ball screw 7 with a key, thereby driving the ball screw 7 to rotate. The ball screw 7 drives the two sliders 11 to perform linear reciprocating motion. The two sliders 11 are threaded onto the V-shaped clamp 12. Therefore, by using the stepper motor II 5 to control the gear transmission mechanism 6, the proportional spur bevel gear 6 of the gear transmission mechanism 6 rotates. The rotation of the spur bevel gear 6 is connected to the ball screw 7 with a key, thereby driving the ball screw 7 to rotate. The ball screw 7 drives the two sliders 11 to perform linear reciprocating motion, thereby achieving the gear center positioning of the internal gear 21 by the two V-shaped clamps 12. When stepper motor II5 controls the spur bevel gear 6 to rotate and mesh, it drives the forward and reverse toothed ball screw 7 to rotate forward in a relative reciprocating linear motion, which in turn drives the V-clamp 12 to perform a clamping motion. When stepper motor II5 controls the spur bevel gear 6 to rotate and mesh, it drives the forward and reverse toothed ball screw 7 to rotate backward in a relative reciprocating linear motion, which in turn drives the V-clamp 12 to perform a releasing motion. The use of a V-clamping mechanism improves the overall stability and self-centering accuracy of the clamping mechanism. Adjusting the electrically controlled translation stage 38 along the X-axis determines the position of the vision measurement system connected to the electrically controlled translation stage 39 along the Z-axis, obtaining the optimal shooting distance and the area of ​​interest of the gear. The angle of the high-precision rotating indexing plate 25 is adjusted to take pictures of the gear 21 under test, and the obtained image information is transmitted to the industrial control computer. The image of the gear tooth profile is obtained using machine vision technology, and then the image of the gear under test is processed by image processing algorithms, including grayscale processing, binarization, median filtering, noise reduction, and detection calculation of the feature image of the detected object. This non-contact measurement method can greatly improve the accuracy and efficiency of gear measurement, thereby quickly obtaining multiple key parameters of the gear being measured without causing scratches or damage to the gear surface.

[0112] Example 12:

[0113] This embodiment provides a V-shaped self-centering visual testing instrument for small-module spur gears, including a working platform 1 installed in a spatial rectangular coordinate system O-XYZ, an electrically controlled translation stage 38 along the X-axis, an electrically controlled translation stage 39 along the Z-axis, a center positioning measurement worktable 24, a high-precision rotary indexing plate 25, a measuring platform 13, and a V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism 12. The X-axis of the spatial rectangular coordinate system O-XYZ is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the testing instrument, the Y-axis is parallel to the transverse direction of the testing instrument, and the Z-axis is parallel to the plumb line. The high-precision rotary indexing plate 25, the center positioning measurement worktable 24, the measuring platform 13, and the V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism 12 are sequentially installed from bottom to top on the upper surface of the working platform 1.

[0114] The upper slider of the electrically controlled translation stage 38 along the X-axis is mounted with a connecting block 26. An electrically controlled translation stage 39 along the Z-axis is disposed on the upper surface of the connecting block 26. A vision inspection system connecting block 16 is mounted on the electrically controlled translation stage 39 along the Z-axis. A camera 15 and a lens 14 are mounted on the vision inspection system connecting block 16.

[0115] The central positioning and measuring workbench 24 includes four columns 3 and a workbench with a planar opening. The four columns 3 are mounted on the upper surface of the heavy-duty platform 2. The workbench with the planar opening is placed horizontally above the four columns 3 to distribute the force evenly. An LED backlight source 23 is installed on the workbench with the planar opening.

[0116] The high-precision rotary indexing plate 25 is mounted on the upper surface of the heavy-duty platform 2.

[0117] The measuring platform 13 is supported and fixed above the support plate 40 by bolts. The measuring platform 13 is made of high-gloss glass material. The measuring platform 13 is mounted above the rotating column 22 on the upper surface of the high-precision rotating indexing plate.

[0118] The V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism includes a symmetrical V-shaped clamp 12, a slider 11, a ball screw 7 with reverse teeth, a guide rod 9, a screw protective sleeve 41, a guide rod protective sleeve 8, a guide rod bearing 10, a screw bearing 32, a support seat 33, a side plate 31, a spur bevel gear 6, a stepper motor II 5, a screw support seat 35, and a base plate 34. The symmetrical V-shaped clamp 12 and the slider 11 are mounted coaxially on the ball screw 7 with reverse teeth and the guide rod 9. The ball screw 7 with reverse teeth and the guide rod 9 are mounted coaxially on both side support seats 33. The guide rod bearing 10 is mounted coaxially on the corresponding circular hole of the slider 11. The screw bearing 32 is mounted coaxially on the circular holes of both side support seats 33. The support seat 33 is mounted on the surface of the side plate 31. The guide rod protective sleeve 8 is mounted on the outer surface of the circular holes of the support seats 33 on both sides of the guide rod 9. The screw protective sleeve 41 is mounted on the outer surface of the circular hole of the right support seat 33 of the ball screw 7 with reverse teeth. The support base 33 is mounted on both sides of the surface of the side plate 31. The side plate 31 is placed perpendicular to the base plate 34. The spur bevel gear 6 is respectively mounted on the outer surface of the support base 33 with the opening on the left side of the ball screw 7 and on the inner surface of the opening on the left side of the side plate 31. The stepper motor II 5 is mounted on the outer surface of the opening on the left side of the side plate 31. The screw support base 35 is mounted coaxially at the center of the ball screw 7. The base plate 34 sequentially mounts the symmetrical V-shaped clamp 12, the slider 11, the positive and negative tooth ball screw 7, the guide rod 9, the screw protective sleeve 41, the guide rod protective sleeve 8, the guide rod bearing 10, the screw bearing 32, the support base 33, the side plate 31, the spur bevel gear 6, the stepper motor II 5, and the screw support base 35. Thus, the two symmetrical V-shaped clamps 12 can be clamped or released relative to each other. The spur internal gear 21 to be measured is placed on the high-gloss glass disk of the measuring stage 13. The V-shaped clamp 12 clamps the outer surface of the internal gear 21 under test after the relative movement of the clockwise and counterclockwise ball screws 7. When the V-shaped clamp 12 moves counterclockwise with the relative movement of the counterclockwise and counterclockwise ball screws 7, it releases the outer surface of the internal gear 21 under test. The screw transmission mechanism 7 transmits power and motion through the meshing of the screw 7 and the nut pair 30. The ball screw 7 is connected to the gear transmission mechanism 6. The stepper motor II 5 is connected to the gear transmission mechanism 6, realizing the clamping and releasing of the V-shaped clamp 12.

[0119] This embodiment uses a V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism and a high-precision rotating indexing plate to achieve automatic, fast and accurate center positioning of the gear under test, tooth-by-tooth imaging, and good system illumination.

[0120] Example 13:

[0121] The main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 2, wherein the driving element includes a gear transmission mechanism 6, a ball screw transmission 7, and a stepper motor II 5. The left end of the ball screw 7 is connected to the gear transmission mechanism 6 by a key. The stepper motor II 5 is connected to the gear transmission mechanism 6. The stepper motor II 5 drives the gear transmission mechanism 6, which in turn drives the forward and reverse tooth ball screw 7 to automatically control and perform left and right reciprocating linear motion.

[0122] Example 14:

[0123] The main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 2, wherein the electrically controlled translation stage 38 along the X-axis and the electrically controlled translation stage 39 along the Z-axis are drive motors and lead screws. Motor III 29 drives the lead screw and optical rod on the X-axis guide rail 38, converting the rotational motion of the lead screw into linear motion of the connecting block 26, and driving the Z-axis guide rail 39 to move linearly along the Z-axis. Motor IV 17 drives the lead screw and optical rod on the Z-axis guide rail 39, converting the rotational motion of the lead screw into linear motion of the connecting block 19. The vision measurement system is fixed to the connecting block 16 with bolts, and drives the dual telecentric lenses 14 and CCD camera 15 of the vision measurement system to move linearly along the Z-axis.

[0124] Example 15:

[0125] The main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 2, except that the platform 1 is made of marble. The measuring stage 13 is made of a high-gloss glass disk.

[0126] Example 16:

[0127] The main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 2, wherein the forward and reverse toothed ball screws 7 and the guide rod 9 are mounted coaxially on the two side support seats 33. The guide rod bearing 10 is mounted coaxially on the corresponding circular hole of the slider 11. The screw bearing 32 is mounted coaxially on the circular holes of the two side support seats 33. The guide rod 9 is fixed in the circular holes of the left and right sliders 11 by the guide rod bearing 10 in a hollow sleeve form. The left and right ends of the ball screw 7 are fixed in the hollow sleeve form of the screw bearing 32.

[0128] Example 17:

[0129] The main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2, wherein the visual measurement system includes a dual telecentric lens 14 and a CCD camera 15.

[0130] Example 18:

[0131] The main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 2, except that the high-precision rotating indexing disk 25 is connected to the stepper motor I4. The stepper motor I4 controls the high-precision rotating indexing disk 25, which drives the internal gear 21 to be measured on the surface of the measuring stage 13 to rotate. In conjunction with the dual telecentric lenses 14 and CCD camera 15 of the vision measurement system, the internal gear 21 to be measured is adjusted and photographed tooth by tooth.

[0132] Example 19:

[0133] The main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2. The spur bevel gear 6 comprises a pair of spur bevel gears that mesh in a vertical direction to transmit power and motion. The spur bevel gears 6 are respectively mounted on the outer surface of the support seat 33 with the opening in the left ball screw 7 and on the inner surface of the opening in the left side plate 31. The spur bevel gears 6 are driven to mesh and rotate by the stepper motor II 5, which in turn drives the ball screw 7 to rotate. The ball screw 7 then drives the connected slider 11 to perform reciprocating linear motion.

[0134] Example 20:

[0135] The main structure of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 2. The V-shaped clamp 12 includes a pair of V-shaped clamps with a 120° angle that move relative to each other along the Y-axis. The V-shaped clamp 12 clamps the outer surface of the internal gear 21 being tested after relative movement using clockwise forward and reverse toothed ball screws 7. When the V-shaped clamp 12 moves relative to the internal gear 21 using counterclockwise forward and reverse toothed ball screws 7, it releases the outer surface of the internal gear 21 being tested. The V-shaped clamp 7 can perform relative clamping or releasing.

Claims

1. A visual tester for V-shaped clamp self-centering low and middle module spur and internal gear, characterized in that: The system includes a working platform (1) in a spatial rectangular coordinate system O-XYZ, an electrically controlled translation stage (38) along the X-axis, an electrically controlled translation stage (39) along the Z-axis, a center positioning measurement worktable (24), a high-precision rotary indexing disk (25), a measuring object stage (13), and a V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism. The high-precision rotary indexing plate (25), the central positioning measuring worktable (24), the measuring object stage (13) and the V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism are installed sequentially from bottom to top on the upper surface of the work platform (1); The upper slider of the electrically controlled translation stage (38) along the X-axis direction is equipped with a connecting block (26). The upper surface of the connecting block (26) is provided with an electrically controlled translation stage (39) along the Z-axis direction; The electronically controlled translation stage (39) along the Z-axis is equipped with a vision inspection system connection block (16). A camera (15) and a lens (14) are mounted on the visual inspection system connection block (16). The central positioning measurement workbench (24) includes four columns and a workbench with a planar opening; The four columns (3) are installed on the upper surface of the heavy-duty platform (2); The workbench with the planar opening is placed horizontally above the four columns and subjected to uniform force; an LED backlight source (23) is installed on the workbench with the planar opening. The high-precision rotary indexing plate (25) is mounted on the upper surface of the heavy-duty table (2); The measuring platform (13) is supported and fixed above the support plate (40) by bolts; The measuring platform (13) is installed above the rotating column (22) on the upper surface of the high-precision rotating indexing plate (25); The V-shaped self-centering clamping mechanism includes a symmetrical V-shaped clamp (12), a slider (11), a positive and negative toothed ball screw (7), a guide rod (9), a screw protective sleeve (41), a guide rod protective sleeve (8), a guide rod bearing (10), a screw bearing (32), a support seat (33), a side plate (31), a gear transmission mechanism (6), a stepper motor II (5), a screw support seat (35), and a base plate (34).

2. The V-type fixture self-centering medium and small module spur and ring gear visual tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The symmetrical V-shaped clamp (12) and slider (11) are mounted on the coaxial axis of the positive and negative tooth ball screw (7) and the guide rod (9); The positive and negative tooth ball screws (7) and the guide rod (9) are mounted on the coaxial axis of the two side support seats (33); The optical shaft bearing (10) is mounted on the coaxial axis of the corresponding circular hole of the slider (11); The lead screw bearing (32) is mounted on the coaxiality of the round holes of the support seats (33) on both sides; The support base (33) is mounted on the surface of the side plate (31); The protective sleeve (8) of the optical bar is installed on the outer surface of the round hole of the support seat (33) on both sides of the optical bar (9); The lead screw protective sleeve (41) is installed on the outer surface of the round hole of the right support seat (33) of the positive and negative tooth ball screw (7); The support base (33) is installed on both sides of the surface of the side plate (31); The side plate (31) is placed perpendicular to the bottom plate (34); The gear transmission mechanism (6) is respectively mounted on the outer surface of the support base (33) and the inner surface of the opening on the left side of the side plate (31); The stepper motor II (5) is mounted on the outer surface of the opening on the left side of the side plate (31); The lead screw support seat (35) is placed on the coaxial center of the left-hand position of the forward and reverse toothed ball screw (7); The base plate (34) sequentially mounts the symmetrical V-shaped clamp (12), slider (11), positive and negative toothed ball screw (7), guide rod (9), guide rod protective sleeve (41), guide rod protective sleeve (8), guide rod bearing (10), guide rod bearing (32), support seat (33), side plate (31), gear transmission mechanism (6), stepper motor II (5) and guide rod support seat (35) on top.

3. The V-type fixture self-centering medium and small module spur and ring gear visual tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spatial rectangular coordinate system O-XYZ has an X-axis parallel to the longitudinal direction of the testing instrument, a Y-axis parallel to the transverse direction of the testing instrument, and a Z-axis parallel to the direction of the plumb bob.

4. The visual testing instrument for small-module spur gears with V-shaped clamps and self-centering mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lead screw transmission mechanism, gear transmission mechanism (6) and stepper motor II (5) are used as driving elements; The lead screw transmission mechanism includes a forward and reverse toothed ball screw, an X-axis ball screw, and a Z-axis ball screw; The Z-axis ball screw is perpendicular to the X-axis ball screw; The motor transmits power and motion through the meshing of the positive and negative tooth ball screws (7) with the nut pair (30), the meshing of the Z-axis ball screw with the nut pair, and the meshing of the X-axis ball screw with the nut pair; The forward and reverse toothed ball screw (7) is connected to the gear transmission mechanism (6); the stepper motor II (5) is connected to the gear transmission mechanism (6); The drive mechanism along the X-axis and the drive mechanism along the Z-axis include a stepper motor and a lead screw; the drive mechanism along the Y-axis is a stepper motor II (5), a gear transmission mechanism (6), and a forward and reverse toothed ball screw.

5. The V-type fixture self-centering medium and small module spur and ring gear visual tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left and right slider holes of the optical bar (9) are both fixed by optical bar bearings (10) in the form of empty sleeves.

6. The V-type fixture self-centering medium and small module spur and ring gear visual tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the forward and reverse toothed ball screw (7) are fixed in the form of screw bearings (32) in the form of empty sleeves.

7. The V-type fixture self-centering medium and small module spur and ring gear visual tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The visual inspection system includes a camera (15) and a lens (14).

8. The V-type fixture self-centering medium and small module spur and ring gear visual tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-precision rotary indexing plate (25) is connected to the stepper motor I (4); the stepper motor I (4) drives the rotary indexing plate (25) to rotate.

9. The V-type fixture self-centering medium and small module spur and ring gear visual tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear transmission mechanism (6) includes a pair of straight bevel gears that mesh in the vertical direction to transmit power and motion.

10. The V-type fixture self-centering medium and small module spur and ring gear visual tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The symmetrical V-shaped clamp (12) includes a pair of V-shaped clamps with an angle of 120°; the pair of V-shaped clamps move synchronously relative to each other along the Y-axis.

Images