A rainfall simulation device for studying the erosion resistance of soil slopes

Abstract

This utility model discloses a rainfall simulation device for studying the erosion resistance of soil slopes, relating to the field of geotechnical engineering technology. It includes a base plate, one end of which is connected to a baffle frame via a first rotating component. Soil is placed inside the baffle frame, and a detection component is installed on the baffle frame. Servo electric cylinders are installed on both sides of the base plate, and a support frame is connected to the base plate via several support rods. The output end of each servo electric cylinder is connected to one end of the baffle frame via a second rotating component. Several irrigation pipes are installed on the support frame, one end of each irrigation pipe is connected to a drainage pipe, and the other end of each drainage pipe is connected to a connecting pipe. A flow control valve and a flow meter are installed on the connecting pipe. This utility model significantly improves the accuracy of rainfall simulation by using irrigation pipes instead of traditional sprinklers. It integrates a flow control valve, a flow meter, and detection components, enabling real-time monitoring and precise control of key parameters such as rainfall intensity and soil moisture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of geotechnical engineering technology, specifically a rainfall simulation device for studying the erosion resistance performance of soil slopes. Background Technology

[0002] The stability of soil slopes is directly related to the safety of infrastructure such as transportation and water conservancy. Rainfall, as a key factor inducing slope instability, has always been a research focus in academia and engineering due to its erosive effect on slope soil. To explore the erosion resistance of soil slopes under different rainfall conditions, the development of high-precision rainfall simulation devices has become the foundation for related research.

[0003] Currently, most commercially available rainfall simulation devices use nozzles as rainfall outlets. These devices suffer from significant technical bottlenecks: First, when the nozzle spacing is large, the water coverage area is uneven, leading to significant differences in local rainfall on the slope surface during experiments, making it difficult to simulate real rainfall environments. Second, reducing the nozzle spacing to improve uniformity requires a substantial increase in water supply pressure, increasing energy costs and causing the nozzle water to tend to be a continuous linear pattern, failing to simulate the discrete shape and falling kinetic energy of raindrops. This results in significant deviations between experimental results and actual slope erosion patterns under rainfall conditions. Furthermore, the lack of real-time monitoring and precise control of key parameters such as rainfall intensity and soil moisture severely restricts the reliability of experimental data and the generalizability of research conclusions. Therefore, those skilled in the art provide a rainfall simulation device for studying the erosion resistance of soil slopes to address the problems mentioned in the background. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rainfall simulation device for studying the erosion resistance of soil slopes, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A rainfall simulation device for studying the erosion resistance of soil slopes includes:

[0007] A base plate, one end of which is connected to a baffle frame via a first rotating assembly, the baffle frame containing soil, and a detection assembly mounted on the baffle frame;

[0008] Servo electric cylinders are installed on both sides of the base plate, and a support frame is connected to the base plate by several support rods. The output end of the servo electric cylinder is connected to one end of the baffle frame through a second rotating component. Several drip irrigation pipes are installed on the support frame. One end of each drip irrigation pipe is connected to a drain pipe. One end of the drain pipe is connected to a connecting pipe. A flow control valve and a flow meter are installed on the connecting pipe.

[0009] A water collection trough is provided on the bottom plate.

[0010] Preferably, the detection component includes a plurality of displacement sensors, humidity sensors, pressure sensors and tilt sensors, wherein the tilt sensors, humidity sensors and pressure sensors are mounted on a baffle frame, and the plurality of displacement sensors are mounted on one side of the baffle frame.

[0011] Preferably, a mounting plate is installed on the support frame, and a high-speed camera is mounted on the mounting plate.

[0012] Preferably, a water-blocking cover is installed on one side of the baffle frame, and a telescopic cover is connected between the water-blocking cover and the base plate, and both the water-blocking cover and the baffle frame are transparent acrylic sheets.

[0013] Preferably, a drain pipe is installed on one side of the water collection tank, and an electrically controlled valve is installed on the drain pipe.

[0014] Preferably, both the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly include a first connecting block and a second connecting block. The second connecting block is connected to both ends of the baffle frame, and the first connecting block is connected to the base plate and the output end of the servo electric cylinder, respectively. The first connecting block and the second connecting block are rotatably connected.

[0015] Preferably, a controller is mounted on the base plate, and the controller is electrically connected to the servo cylinder, flow control valve, flow meter, displacement sensor, humidity sensor, pressure sensor, tilt sensor, high-speed camera and electric control valve respectively.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] 1. This invention significantly improves the accuracy of rainfall simulation by using drip irrigation pipes instead of traditional sprinklers. The drip irrigation pipes are evenly distributed within the support frame, and the water output is in discrete droplet form. Compared to sprinkler-type devices, this avoids the problem of uneven water distribution caused by large spacing. Furthermore, it achieves full slope coverage without requiring high-pressure water supply, simulating the uniformity of natural rainfall while allowing precise control of rainfall intensity via a flow control valve. In addition, the water output pattern of the drip irrigation pipes more closely resembles real raindrops, effectively replicating the scouring effect of falling raindrops on the slope soil, making the experimental results more consistent with actual working conditions.

[0018] 2. This utility model integrates a flow control valve, a flow meter, and detection components, enabling real-time monitoring and precise control of key parameters such as rainfall intensity and soil moisture. The flow control valve can adjust the water output of the drip irrigation pipe according to experimental needs, and combined with the flow meter, it can accurately control the rainfall intensity. The detection components can monitor relevant soil state parameters in real time, allowing researchers to promptly grasp soil changes during the experiment, improving the reliability of experimental data and providing strong support for the universality of research conclusions. In addition, the water collection tank facilitates the collection of rainwater after flushing, and combined with drainage pipes and other structures, it can also monitor drainage after rainfall, further enriching the dimensions of experimental data acquisition. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a rainfall simulation device for studying the erosion resistance of soil slopes, as described in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a side cross-sectional view of a rainfall simulation device for studying the erosion resistance of soil slopes in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the front cross-sectional structure of a rainfall simulation device for studying the erosion resistance of soil slopes in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Baffle frame; 3. Soil; 4. Servo electric cylinder; 5. Support rod; 6. Support frame; 7. Irrigation pipe; 8. Drainage pipe; 9. Connecting pipe; 10. Flow control valve; 11. Flow meter; 12. Water collection tank; 13. Displacement sensor; 14. Humidity sensor; 15. Pressure sensor; 16. Mounting plate; 17. High-speed camera; 18. Water shield; 19. Sewage pipe; 20. Electric control valve; 21. First connecting block; 22. Second connecting block; 23. Controller; 24. Telescopic cover; 25. Tilt sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Please see Figures 1-3 This utility model provides a technical solution:

[0025] A rainfall simulation device for studying the erosion resistance of soil slopes includes:

[0026] The base plate 1 is connected to the baffle 2 at one end via the first rotating assembly. Soil 3 is provided inside the baffle 2. A detection assembly is installed on the baffle 2. The detection assembly includes several displacement sensors 13, humidity sensors 14, pressure sensors 15 and tilt sensors 25. The tilt sensors 25, humidity sensors 14 and pressure sensors 15 are installed on the baffle 2. Several displacement sensors 13 are installed on one side of the baffle 2. A mounting plate 16 is installed on the support frame 6. A high-speed camera 17 is installed on the mounting plate 16.

[0027] During the simulated erosion process of a soil slope during rainfall, the detection components work together to collect slope data in real time. Humidity sensor 14 and pressure sensor 15 are installed on the retaining frame 2 to continuously monitor changes in humidity and pore water pressure fluctuations within the soil 3. Displacement sensor 13 is installed on one side of the retaining frame 2, aligned with preset monitoring points on the slope surface, to accurately capture the displacement of the soil under rainfall erosion. Simultaneously, a high-speed camera 17 on the mounting plate 16 of the support frame 6 captures the erosion process of the slope surface at a high frame rate, recording dynamic changes such as soil loss and crack development. All data collected by the sensors and high-speed camera 17 is transmitted in real time to the controller 23. The controller 23 integrates, processes, and stores the data, providing comprehensive experimental data for subsequent analysis. Tilt sensor 25 is used to detect the tilt angle of the retaining frame 2, facilitating adjustment of the retaining frame 2's tilt angle by the controller 23.

[0028] Servo electric cylinders 4 are installed on both sides of the base plate 1, and a support frame 6 is connected to the base plate 1 by several support rods 5. The output end of the servo electric cylinder 4 is connected to one end of the baffle 2 through a second rotating assembly. The first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly each include a first connecting block 21 and a second connecting block 22. The second connecting block 22 is connected to both ends of the baffle 2 respectively. The first connecting block 21 is connected to the base plate 1 and the output end of the servo electric cylinder 4 respectively, and the first connecting block 21 and the second connecting block 22 are rotatably connected. Several drip irrigation pipes 7 are installed on the support frame 6. The pipe spacing of the drip irrigation pipes 7 is 10CM. One end of the drip irrigation pipes 7 is connected to a drain pipe 8. One end of the drain pipe 8 is connected to a connecting pipe 9. A flow control valve 10 and a flow meter 11 are installed on the connecting pipe 9.

[0029] Before the experiment, soil 3 was filled into the retaining frame 2, and compacted in layers using a compaction tool to simulate the density of an actual soil slope. Then, the controller 23 was used to set the required tilt parameters for the retaining frame 2. Upon receiving the signal, the servo cylinder 4 pushed the first connecting block 21 at its output end, precisely adjusting the tilt angle of the retaining frame 2 through rotational connection with the second connecting block 22 on the support frame 6. Simultaneously, according to the experimental requirements, the opening degree of the flow control valve 10 was preset on the controller 23, and the rainfall intensity was set, completing the initial parameter configuration of the water supply system.

[0030] Connecting pipe 9 is connected to an external water supply device. When the experiment starts, controller 23 sends a command to flow control valve 10 to open the water supply channel. Tap water flows through connecting pipe 9 and drain pipe 8 into drip irrigation pipe 7 on support frame 6. One end of drip irrigation pipe 7 is closed. Drip irrigation pipe 7 has a porous pipe structure, and water flows out from the holes. The outlet end of drip irrigation pipe 7 is closed, so water passes through the fine holes on drip irrigation pipe 7 and simulates rainfall in a uniform dripping form, covering the soil slope 3 inside retaining frame 2. During the water flow process, flow meter 11 on connecting pipe 9 monitors the water flow rate in real time and feeds the data back to controller 23. Controller 23 dynamically adjusts the opening of flow control valve 10 according to preset rainfall intensity parameters to ensure that the actual rainfall intensity is consistent with the experimental set value, thereby achieving accurate simulation and control of the rainfall process.

[0031] A water baffle 18 is installed on one side of the baffle frame 2. A telescopic cover 24 is connected between the water baffle 18 and the base plate 1. Both the water baffle 18 and the baffle frame 2 are transparent acrylic sheets. The water baffle 18 and the telescopic cover 24 facilitate the entry of mud and water into the water collection tank 12. A sewage pipe 19 is installed on one side of the water collection tank 12. An electric control valve 20 is installed on the sewage pipe 19.

[0032] The muddy water generated by rainfall flows along the slope surface into the collection trough 12 on the base plate 1 under the action of gravity. When the experiment ends or the set collection time point is reached, the controller 23 sends a command to the electric control valve 20 to open the drain pipe 19 on one side of the collection trough 12, discharging the collected muddy water into a designated container. This facilitates subsequent quantitative analysis of the amount of eroded sediment and evaluation of the slope's erosion resistance. After the experiment is completed, the flow control valve 10 can be closed by the controller 23 to stop the water supply. At the same time, the servo electric cylinder 4 is reset to restore the support frame 6 and the slope to their initial state, preparing for the next experiment.

[0033] In the above embodiment, a controller 23 is installed on the base plate 1. The controller 23 is electrically connected to the servo cylinder 4, the flow control valve 10, the flow meter 11, the displacement sensor 13, the humidity sensor 14, the pressure sensor 15, the tilt sensor 25, the high-speed camera 17, and the electric control valve 20.

[0034] It should be noted that the specific models and specifications of the controller 23, servo cylinder 4, flow control valve 10, flow meter 11, displacement sensor 13, humidity sensor 14, pressure sensor 15, tilt sensor 25, high-speed camera 17 and electric control valve 20 need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rainfall simulation device for studying the erosion resistance of a soil slope, characterized in that, include: A base plate (1) is connected to a baffle (2) at one end via a first rotating assembly. Soil (3) is provided inside the baffle (2), and a detection assembly is installed on the baffle (2). Servo electric cylinders (4) are installed on both sides of the base plate (1), and a support frame (6) is connected to the base plate (1) by several support rods (5). The output end of the servo electric cylinder (4) is connected to one end of the baffle (2) through a second rotating component. Several drip irrigation pipes (7) are installed on the support frame (6). One end of the drip irrigation pipes (7) is connected to a drain pipe (8). One end of the drain pipe (8) is connected to a connecting pipe (9). A flow control valve (10) and a flow meter (11) are installed on the connecting pipe (9). A water collection trough (12) is provided on the base plate (1).

2. The rainfall simulation device for studying the erosion resistance of soil slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection assembly includes several displacement sensors (13), humidity sensors (14), pressure sensors (15) and tilt sensors (25), and the tilt sensors (25), humidity sensors (14) and pressure sensors (15) are mounted on the baffle frame (2), and several of the displacement sensors (13) are mounted on one side of the baffle frame (2). 3.The rainfall simulation device for studying the scour resistance of a soil slope according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mounting plate (16) is installed on the support frame (6), and a high-speed camera (17) is installed on the mounting plate (16).

4. The rainfall simulation device for studying the scour resistance of soil slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water shield (18) is installed on one side of the baffle frame (2), and a telescopic cover (24) is connected between the water shield (18) and the base plate (1). Both the water shield (18) and the baffle frame (2) are transparent acrylic sheets.

5. The rainfall simulation device for studying the scour resistance of soil slopes according to claim 3, characterized in that: A drain pipe (19) is installed on one side of the water collection tank (12), and an electric control valve (20) is installed on the drain pipe (19). 6.The rainfall simulation device for studying the scour resistance of a soil slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the first rotating assembly and the second rotating assembly include a first connecting block (21) and a second connecting block (22). The second connecting block (22) is connected to both ends of the baffle (2) respectively. The first connecting block (21) is connected to the base plate (1) and the output end of the servo electric cylinder (4) respectively. The first connecting block (21) and the second connecting block (22) are rotatably connected.

7. The rainfall simulation device for studying the scour resistance of soil slopes according to claim 5, characterized in that: A controller (23) is installed on the base plate (1). The controller (23) is electrically connected to the servo electric cylinder (4), the flow control valve (10), the flow meter (11), the displacement sensor (13), the humidity sensor (14), the pressure sensor (15), the tilt sensor (25), the high-speed camera (17), and the electric control valve (20).

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