An optical module

Abstract

The optical module disclosed herein includes a circuit board, an optical fiber adapter, and an optical chip. The optical fiber adapter is optically connected to the optical chip via a first optical fiber. The optical chip includes a first optical modulator, a second optical modulator, a third optical modulator, a fourth optical modulator, and a wavelength division multiplexer (WDM). The WDM includes a coupler that can wavelength division multiplex a first wavelength optical signal, a second wavelength optical signal, a third wavelength optical signal, and a fourth wavelength optical signal, to multiplex four optical signals into one and couple it to the first optical fiber. This allows a single optical fiber to transmit four wavelengths of optical signals, reducing the number of optical fibers between the optical chip and the optical fiber adapter, thereby saving internal space in the optical module. The optical module disclosed herein facilitates the implementation of wavelength division multiplexing or wavelength demultiplexing in the optical chip.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of optical fiber communication technology, and in particular to an optical module. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new business and application models such as cloud computing, mobile internet, video, and artificial intelligence, the advancement of optical communication technology has become increasingly important. In optical communication technology, the optical module is the tool for converting between photoelectric and electrical signals, and is one of the key components in optical communication equipment, occupying a core position in optical communication. Utility Model Content

[0003] Some embodiments provide an optical module that facilitates wavelength division multiplexing or wavelength demultiplexing in optical chips.

[0004] Some embodiments provide an optical module, including:

[0005] Circuit board;

[0006] Fiber optic adapter, which connects to one end of the first fiber optic cable;

[0007] An optical chip is electrically connected to the circuit board; the optical chip includes:

[0008] The first optical modulator is used to generate a first wavelength optical signal;

[0009] A second optical modulator is used to generate a second wavelength optical signal;

[0010] A third optical modulator is used to generate a third wavelength optical signal;

[0011] The fourth optical modulator is used to generate a fourth wavelength optical signal;

[0012] A wavelength division multiplexer has its input terminal connected to the output terminals of the first optical modulator, the second optical modulator, the third optical modulator, and the fourth optical modulator, and its output terminal coupled to the other end of the first optical fiber; the wavelength division multiplexer includes a coupler.

[0013] The coupler includes:

[0014] The first coupling waveguide includes an upper coupling section; the upper coupling section is an Euler circular arc.

[0015] The second coupling waveguide includes a lower coupling portion; the lower coupling portion is located on the side of the upper coupling portion, and the lower coupling portion is an Euler arc; the upper coupling portion and the lower coupling portion interfere with a first wavelength optical signal, a second wavelength optical signal, a third wavelength optical signal, or a fourth wavelength optical signal, so that the coupler wavelength division multiplexes the first wavelength optical signal, the second wavelength optical signal, the third wavelength optical signal, and the fourth wavelength optical signal.

[0016] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: The optical chip includes a first optical modulator, a second optical modulator, a third optical modulator, a fourth optical modulator, and a wavelength division multiplexer. The first optical modulator generates a first wavelength optical signal, the second optical modulator generates a second wavelength optical signal, the third optical modulator generates a third wavelength optical signal, and the fourth optical modulator generates a fourth wavelength optical signal, which are then transmitted to the wavelength division multiplexer respectively. The wavelength division multiplexer includes a coupler, which can wavelength division multiplex the first, second, third, and fourth wavelength optical signals to multiplex four optical signals into one and couple it to the first optical fiber. This allows one optical fiber to transmit four wavelength optical signals, which helps to reduce the number of optical fibers between the optical chip and the optical fiber adapter, thereby saving internal space in the optical module. The coupler includes a first coupling waveguide and a second coupling waveguide. The first coupling waveguide includes an upper coupling section, and the second coupling waveguide includes a lower coupling section. Both the upper and lower coupling sections employ Euler circular arcs, which can interfere with first, second, third, and fourth wavelength optical signals, enabling the coupler to wavelength division multiplex these signals. Furthermore, the use of Euler circular arc structures in the upper and lower coupling sections significantly reduces signal loss in the arc region, resulting in a more stable splitting ratio at the coupler's center wavelength.

[0017] In some embodiments, an optical module is provided, wherein the first coupling waveguide further includes a first extension, a second extension, a first port, and a second port; one end of the first extension is connected to the first port, the other end of the first extension is connected to one end of the upper coupling portion, the other end of the upper coupling portion is connected to one end of the second extension, and the other end of the second extension is connected to the second port.

[0018] The second coupling waveguide further includes a third port and a fourth port, wherein the third port is connected to one end of the lower coupling part and the fourth port is connected to the other end of the lower coupling part;

[0019] The distance between the first port and the third port is greater than the distance between the upper coupling part and the lower coupling part, and the distance between the second port and the fourth port is greater than the distance between the upper coupling part and the lower coupling part.

[0020] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: The first coupling waveguide includes a first extension, a second extension, a first port, and a second port. The first extension transitions between the first port and the upper coupling portion, and the second extension transitions between the upper coupling portion and the second port. The first extension and the second extension extend away from the upper coupling portion, respectively, to increase the distance between the two ends of the first coupling waveguide and the two ends of the second coupling waveguide, so that the distance between the first port and the third port and the distance between the second port and the fourth port are both greater than the distance between the upper coupling portion and the lower coupling portion, so as to facilitate the connection of the first coupling waveguide and the second coupling waveguide to other structures in the coupler.

[0021] In some embodiments, an optical module is provided, wherein the first coupling waveguide further includes a first bend and a second bend; one end of the first bend is connected to the first port, and the other end of the second bend is connected to one end of the first extension; one end of the second bend is connected to the other end of the second extension, and the other end of the second bend is connected to the second port.

[0022] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the first coupling waveguide further includes a first bend and a second bend. The first bend transitions between the first extension and the first port, facilitating the straightening of the first port and the adjustment of the spacing between the first and second coupling waveguides; the second bend transitions between the second extension and the second port, facilitating the straightening of the second port. Furthermore, the spacing between the ports of the first and second coupling waveguides can be adjusted via the first and second bends. Therefore, the first and second bends facilitate the connection of the first and second coupling waveguides to other structures in the coupler.

[0023] In some embodiments, an optical module is provided, wherein the second coupling waveguide further includes a third bend and a fourth bend; one end of the third bend is connected to the third port, and the other end of the third bend is connected to the lower coupling portion; one end of the fourth bend is connected to the other end of the lower coupling portion, and the other end of the fourth bend is connected to the fourth port.

[0024] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the second coupling waveguide further includes a third bend and a fourth bend. The third bend transitions between the third port and the lower coupling section, facilitating a straight third port; the fourth bend transitions between the fourth port and the lower coupling section, facilitating a straight fourth port. Therefore, the third and fourth bends facilitate the connection of the second coupling waveguide to other structures in the coupler.

[0025] In some embodiments, an optical module is provided, wherein the fiber optic adapter is further connected to one end of a second optical fiber, the second optical fiber transmitting wavelength division multiplexed fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth wavelength optical signals; the optical chip further includes:

[0026] The first optical demodulator is used to demodulate the fifth wavelength optical signal;

[0027] The second optical demodulator is used to demodulate the sixth wavelength optical signal;

[0028] The third optical demodulator is used to demodulate the seventh wavelength optical signal;

[0029] The fourth optical demodulator is used to demodulate the eighth wavelength optical signal;

[0030] A wavelength division multiplexer has its input end coupled to the other end of the second optical fiber, and its output end correspondingly connected to the input ends of the first optical demodulator, the second optical demodulator, the third optical demodulator, and the fourth optical demodulator; the wavelength division multiplexer includes a coupler.

[0031] The coupler includes:

[0032] The first coupling waveguide includes an upper coupling section; the upper coupling section is an Euler circular arc.

[0033] The second coupling waveguide includes a lower coupling section; the lower coupling section is located on the side of the upper coupling section, and the lower coupling section is an Euler arc; the upper coupling section and the lower coupling section interfere with the fifth wavelength optical signal, the sixth wavelength optical signal, the seventh wavelength optical signal and the eighth wavelength optical signal, so that the coupler demultiplexes the fifth wavelength optical signal, the sixth wavelength optical signal, the seventh wavelength optical signal and the eighth wavelength optical signal.

[0034] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: The optical chip includes a first optical demodulator, a second optical demodulator, a third optical demodulator, a fourth optical demodulator, and a wavelength division multiplexer. The fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth wavelength optical signals, multiplexed via wavelength division multiplexing, are coupled to the wavelength division multiplexer through a second optical fiber. After demultiplexing by the wavelength division multiplexer, they are transmitted to the first, second, third, and fourth optical demodulators respectively. This allows the first optical demodulator to demodulate the fifth wavelength optical signal, the second to demodulate the sixth wavelength, the third to demodulate the seventh wavelength, and the fourth to demodulate the eighth wavelength. In this way, four wavelength optical signals are transmitted through a single optical fiber in the receiving optical path of the optical chip, reducing the number of optical fibers between the optical chip and the fiber optic adapter, thereby saving internal space in the optical module. The coupler includes a first coupling waveguide and a second coupling waveguide. The first coupling waveguide includes an upper coupling section, and the second coupling waveguide includes a lower coupling section. Both the upper and lower coupling sections employ Euler circular arcs, which can interfere with optical signals of the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth wavelengths. This allows the coupler to demultiplex these optical signals. Furthermore, the use of Euler circular arc structures in the upper and lower coupling sections reduces signal loss in the circular arc region, resulting in a more stable splitting ratio at the coupler's center wavelength.

[0035] In some embodiments, an optical module is provided, wherein the wavelength division multiplexer includes multiple couplers, and a delay line is provided between adjacent couplers; one end of the delay line is connected to the second port and the fourth port of the front-end coupler, and the other end of the delay line is connected to the first port and the third port of the back-end coupler.

[0036] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the wavelength division multiplexer includes multiple couplers, and adjacent couplers are connected by delay lines. For example, one end of the delay line is connected to the second and fourth ports of the front-end coupler, and the other end of the delay line is connected to the first and third ports of the rear-end coupler. Connecting adjacent couplers by delay lines facilitates wavelength division multiplexing by adjusting the length of the delay lines.

[0037] Some embodiments provide an optical module, including:

[0038] Circuit board;

[0039] An optical fiber adapter connects to one end of a second optical fiber; the second optical fiber transmits wavelength division multiplexed fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth wavelength optical signals.

[0040] An optical chip is electrically connected to the circuit board; the optical chip includes:

[0041] The first optical demodulator is used to demodulate the fifth wavelength optical signal;

[0042] The second optical demodulator is used to demodulate the sixth wavelength optical signal;

[0043] The third optical demodulator is used to demodulate the seventh wavelength optical signal;

[0044] The fourth optical demodulator is used to demodulate the eighth wavelength optical signal;

[0045] A wavelength demultiplexer has its input end coupled to the other end of the second optical fiber, and its output end correspondingly connected to the input ends of the first optical demodulator, the second optical demodulator, the third optical demodulator, and the fourth optical demodulator; the wavelength demultiplexer includes a coupler.

[0046] The coupler includes:

[0047] The first coupling waveguide includes an upper coupling section; the upper coupling section is an Euler circular arc.

[0048] The second coupling waveguide includes a lower coupling section; the lower coupling section is located on the side of the upper coupling section, and the lower coupling section is an Euler arc; the upper coupling section and the lower coupling section interfere with the fifth wavelength optical signal, the sixth wavelength optical signal, the seventh wavelength optical signal and the eighth wavelength optical signal, so that the coupler demultiplexes the fifth wavelength optical signal, the sixth wavelength optical signal, the seventh wavelength optical signal and the eighth wavelength optical signal.

[0049] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: The optical chip includes a first optical demodulator, a second optical demodulator, a third optical demodulator, a fourth optical demodulator, and a wavelength division multiplexer. The fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth wavelength optical signals, multiplexed via wavelength division multiplexing, are coupled to the wavelength division multiplexer through a second optical fiber. After demultiplexing by the wavelength division multiplexer, they are transmitted to the first, second, third, and fourth optical demodulators respectively. This allows the first optical demodulator to demodulate the fifth wavelength optical signal, the second to demodulate the sixth wavelength, the third to demodulate the seventh wavelength, and the fourth to demodulate the eighth wavelength. In this way, four wavelength optical signals are transmitted through a single optical fiber in the receiving optical path of the optical chip, reducing the number of optical fibers between the optical chip and the fiber optic adapter, thereby saving internal space in the optical module. The coupler includes a first coupling waveguide and a second coupling waveguide. The first coupling waveguide includes an upper coupling section, and the second coupling waveguide includes a lower coupling section. Both the upper and lower coupling sections employ Euler circular arcs, which can interfere with optical signals of the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth wavelengths. This allows the coupler to demultiplex these optical signals. Furthermore, the use of Euler circular arc structures in the upper and lower coupling sections reduces signal loss in the circular arc region, resulting in a more stable splitting ratio at the coupler's center wavelength.

[0050] In some embodiments, an optical module is provided, wherein the first coupling waveguide further includes a first extension, a second extension, a first port, and a second port; one end of the first extension is connected to the first port, the other end of the first extension is connected to one end of the upper coupling portion, the other end of the upper coupling portion is connected to one end of the second extension, and the other end of the second extension is connected to the second port.

[0051] The second coupling waveguide further includes a third port and a fourth port, wherein the third port is connected to one end of the lower coupling part and the fourth port is connected to the other end of the lower coupling part;

[0052] The distance between the first port and the third port is greater than the distance between the upper coupling part and the lower coupling part, and the distance between the second port and the fourth port is greater than the distance between the upper coupling part and the lower coupling part.

[0053] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: The first coupling waveguide includes a first extension, a second extension, a first port, and a second port. The first extension transitions between the first port and the upper coupling portion, and the second extension transitions between the upper coupling portion and the second port. The first extension and the second extension extend away from the upper coupling portion, respectively, to increase the distance between the two ends of the first coupling waveguide and the two ends of the second coupling waveguide, so that the distance between the first port and the third port and the distance between the second port and the fourth port are both greater than the distance between the upper coupling portion and the lower coupling portion, so as to facilitate the connection of the first coupling waveguide and the second coupling waveguide to other structures in the coupler.

[0054] In some embodiments, an optical module is provided, wherein the first coupling waveguide further includes a first bend and a second bend; one end of the first bend is connected to the first port, and the other end of the second bend is connected to one end of the first extension; one end of the second bend is connected to the other end of the second extension, and the other end of the second bend is connected to the second port.

[0055] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the first coupling waveguide further includes a first bend and a second bend. The first bend transitions between the first extension and the first port, facilitating the straightening of the first port and the adjustment of the spacing between the first and second coupling waveguides; the second bend transitions between the second extension and the second port, facilitating the straightening of the second port. Furthermore, the spacing between the ports of the first and second coupling waveguides can be adjusted via the first and second bends. Therefore, the first and second bends facilitate the connection of the first and second coupling waveguides to other structures in the coupler.

[0056] In some embodiments, an optical module is provided, wherein the second coupling waveguide further includes a third bend and a fourth bend; one end of the third bend is connected to the third port, and the other end of the third bend is connected to the lower coupling portion; one end of the fourth bend is connected to the other end of the lower coupling portion, and the other end of the fourth bend is connected to the fourth port.

[0057] One of the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the second coupling waveguide further includes a third bend and a fourth bend. The third bend transitions between the third port and the lower coupling section, facilitating a straight third port; the fourth bend transitions between the fourth port and the lower coupling section, facilitating a straight fourth port. Therefore, the third and fourth bends facilitate the connection of the second coupling waveguide to other structures in the coupler. Attached Figure Description

[0058] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in some embodiments of this disclosure will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only drawings of some embodiments of this disclosure, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings. In addition, the drawings described below can be regarded as schematic diagrams and are not intended to limit the actual size of the product, the actual flow of the method, the actual timing of the signals, etc. involved in the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0059] Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of an optical communication system according to some embodiments;

[0060] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of a host computer according to some embodiments;

[0061] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of an optical module according to some embodiments;

[0062] Figure 4 An exploded view of an optical module according to some embodiments;

[0063] Figure 5 This is an internal structural diagram of an optical module according to some embodiments;

[0064] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of an optical chip according to some embodiments;

[0065] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of another optical chip according to some embodiments;

[0066] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wavelength division multiplexer according to some embodiments;

[0067] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a primary multiplexing unit according to some embodiments;

[0068] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another wavelength division multiplexer according to some embodiments;

[0069] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another wavelength division multiplexer according to some embodiments;

[0070] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coupler according to some embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0071] The embodiments of this disclosure will now be described clearly and in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the described embodiments are merely some, and not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this disclosure are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0072] Unless the context otherwise requires, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is interpreted as open and inclusive, meaning "including, but not limited to"; the terms "first" and "second" should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or indicating an upper limit on the number; the term "multiple" means two or more; the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly, for example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part, and can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; the use of the terms "applicable to" or "configured to" implies open and inclusive language, which does not exclude applicability to or configuration to devices performing additional tasks or steps; descriptions such as "parallel," "perpendicular," "identical," "consistent," and "aligned" are not limited to absolute mathematical theoretical relationships, but also include acceptable error ranges arising in practice, and differences based on the same design concept but due to manufacturing reasons.

[0073] In optical communication technology, to establish information transmission between information processing devices, information is loaded onto light, and the speed of light propagation is used to transmit the information. This light carrying information is called an optical signal. When optical signals are transmitted in optical information transmission equipment, optical power loss can be reduced, enabling long-distance transmission of optical signals. At the same time, the cost of optical information transmission equipment such as optical fibers is lower than that of electrical information transmission equipment such as copper wires. Therefore, optical communication technology can achieve high-speed, long-distance, and low-cost information transmission.

[0074] Information processing equipment typically includes optical network units (ONUs), gateways, routers, switches, mobile phones, computers, servers, tablets, televisions, etc., while optical information transmission equipment typically includes optical fibers and optical waveguides. Information processing equipment can only recognize and process electrical signals, while optical communication technology uses optical signals for transmission, requiring optical modules to convert between optical and electrical signals.

[0075] An optical module enables the conversion between optical signals and electrical signals between information processing equipment and optical information transmission equipment. In some embodiments, at least one of the optical signal input or output terminals of the optical module is connected to an optical fiber, and at least one of the electrical signal input or output terminals of the optical module is connected to an optical network terminal. A first optical signal from the optical fiber is transmitted to the optical module, which converts the first optical signal into a first electrical signal and transmits the first electrical signal to the optical network terminal. A second electrical signal from the optical network terminal is transmitted to the optical module, which converts the second electrical signal into a second optical signal and transmits the second optical signal to the optical fiber.

[0076] Since multiple information processing devices can transmit information via electrical signals, at least one of these devices needs to be directly connected to the optical module, rather than all of them. Here, the information processing device directly connected to the optical module is also referred to as the host computer of the optical module. Furthermore, the optical signal input or output terminal of the optical module is called the optical port, and the electrical signal input or output terminal is called the electrical port.

[0077] Figure 1 This is a partial structural diagram of an optical communication system according to some embodiments. Figure 1 As shown, the optical communication system mainly includes a remote information processing device 1000, a local information processing device 2000, a host computer 100 for optical modules, an optical module 200, an optical fiber 101, and a network cable 103. Among them, the optical fiber 101 is an optical information transmission device, and the network cable 103 is an electrical information transmission device.

[0078] In some embodiments, one end of the optical fiber 101 extends toward the remote information processing device 1000, and the other end of the optical fiber 101 is connected to the optical module 200 through the optical port of the optical module 200. The optical signal can undergo total internal reflection in the optical fiber 101, and the propagation of the optical signal in the direction of total internal reflection can almost maintain the original optical power. The optical signal undergoes multiple total internal reflections in the optical fiber 101 to transmit the optical signal from the remote information processing device 1000 to the optical module 200, or to transmit the optical signal from the optical module 200 to the remote information processing device 1000, thereby realizing long-distance information transmission based on low power loss.

[0079] The optical communication system includes one or more optical fibers 101. In some embodiments, the optical fiber 101 is detachably connected to the optical module 200; in some embodiments, the optical fiber 101 is non-detachably connected to the optical module 200.

[0080] The host computer 100 is configured to provide data signals to the optical module 200, or receive data signals from the optical module 200, or monitor or control the working status of the optical module 200.

[0081] The host computer 100 includes a housing for accommodating the optical module 200, and an optical module interface 102 disposed on the housing. The optical module 200 is inserted into the housing through the optical module interface 102 to establish a unidirectional or bidirectional electrical signal connection between the host computer 100 and the optical module 200.

[0082] The host computer 100 also includes an external power interface that can connect to an electrical signal network. In some embodiments, the external power interface includes a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface or a network cable interface 104. The network cable interface 104 is configured to connect a network cable 103 to establish a unidirectional or bidirectional electrical signal connection between the host computer 100 and the network cable 103.

[0083] One end of the network cable 103 is connected to the local information processing device 2000, and the other end is connected to the host computer 100, so as to establish an electrical signal connection between the local information processing device 2000 and the host computer 100 through the network cable 103. In some embodiments, a third electrical signal emitted by the local information processing device 2000 is transmitted to the host computer 100 through the network cable 103. The host computer 100 generates a second electrical signal based on the third electrical signal. The second electrical signal from the host computer 100 is transmitted to the optical module 200. The optical module 200 converts the second electrical signal into a second optical signal and transmits the second optical signal to the optical fiber 101. The second optical signal is transmitted in the optical fiber 101 to the remote information processing device 1000.

[0084] In some embodiments, a first optical signal from a remote information processing device 1000 is transmitted through an optical fiber 101, and the first optical signal from the optical fiber 101 is transmitted to an optical module 200. The optical module 200 converts the first optical signal into a first electrical signal, and transmits the first electrical signal to a host computer 100. The host computer 100 generates a fourth electrical signal based on the first electrical signal and transmits the fourth electrical signal to a local information processing device 2000.

[0085] In some embodiments, the optical module is a tool for converting optical signals to electrical signals. During the conversion process, the information does not change, but the encoding or decoding method of the information changes.

[0086] In addition to optical network terminals, the host computer 100 also includes optical line terminals (OLTs), optical network equipment (ONTs), or data center servers.

[0087] Figure 2This is a partial structural diagram of a host computer according to some embodiments. To clearly show the connection relationship between the optical module 200 and the host computer 100, Figure 2 Only the structure of the host computer 100 related to the optical module 200 is shown. For example... Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the host computer 100 further includes a PCB circuit board 105 disposed in the receiving cavity, and a cage 106 disposed on the surface of the PCB circuit board 105; the optical module 200 is inserted into the cage 106 and fixed by the cage 106.

[0088] In some embodiments, a heat sink 107 is provided on the cage 106 to dissipate heat for the optical module; in some embodiments, the heat sink 107 has protruding structures such as fins to increase the heat dissipation area.

[0089] In some embodiments, an electrical connector is provided inside the cage 106, which is configured to connect to the electrical port of the optical module 200.

[0090] In some embodiments, the optical module 200 is inserted into the cage 106 of the host computer 100, and the cage 106 fixes the optical module 200. The heat generated by the optical module 200 is conducted to the cage 106 and then diffused through the heat sink 107.

[0091] In some embodiments, the optical module 200 is inserted into the cage 106 of the host computer 100, and the electrical port of the optical module 200 is connected to the electrical connector inside the cage 106, thereby establishing an electrical signal connection between the optical module 200 and the host computer 100.

[0092] In some embodiments, the optical port of the optical module 200 is connected to the optical fiber 101, thereby enabling the optical module 200 to establish an optical signal connection with the optical fiber 101.

[0093] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of an optical module according to some embodiments. Figure 4 This is an exploded view of an optical module according to some embodiments. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the optical module 200 includes a shell, which comprises an upper shell 201 and a lower shell 202. The upper shell 201 covers the lower shell 202, forming two openings 204 and 205, one of which is an electrical port and the other is an optical port. In some embodiments, the shell forms an opening that serves as both an electrical port and an optical port.

[0094] In some embodiments, the upper housing 201 and the lower housing 202 are made of metal materials, which facilitates electromagnetic shielding and heat dissipation.

[0095] The assembly method of combining the upper housing 201 and the lower housing 202 facilitates the installation of the circuit board 300, optical chip 400, etc. into the housing. The upper housing 201 and the lower housing 202 can encapsulate and protect the above-mentioned devices.

[0096] The direction of the line connecting the two openings 204 and 205 can be consistent with or inconsistent with the length direction of the optical module 200. For example, opening 205 is located at the end of the optical module 200. Figure 3 The opening 204 is also located at the end of the optical module 200 (right end). Figure 3 (The left end). Alternatively, opening 204 is located at the end of optical module 200, while opening 205 is located on the side of optical module 200.

[0097] In some embodiments, the lower housing 202 includes a base plate 2021 and two lower side plates 2022 located on both sides of the base plate 2021 and perpendicular to the base plate 2021; the upper housing 201 includes a cover plate 2011, which covers the two lower side plates 2022 of the lower housing 202 to form the aforementioned housing.

[0098] In some embodiments, the lower housing 202 includes a base plate 2021 and two lower side plates 2022 located on both sides of the base plate 2021 and perpendicular to the base plate 2021; the upper housing 201 includes a cover plate 2011 and two upper side plates located on both sides of the cover plate 2011 and perpendicular to the cover plate 2011. The two upper side plates and the two lower side plates 2022 are combined to realize that the upper housing 201 covers the lower housing 202.

[0099] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the optical module includes a circuit board 300 disposed within a housing. The circuit board 300 includes circuit traces, electronic components, and chips, etc. The electronic components and chips are connected according to the circuit design through the circuit traces to realize functions such as power supply, electrical signal transmission, and grounding. Electronic components may include, for example, capacitors, resistors, transistors, and metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). Chips may include microcontroller units (MCUs), laser driver chips, transimpedance amplifiers (TIAs), limiting amplifiers (LAs), clock and data recovery chips (CDRs), power management chips, and digital signal processing (DSP) chips.

[0100] In some embodiments, the circuit board includes a rigid circuit board, which, due to its relatively rigid material, can also serve a load-bearing function, such as being able to stably support the aforementioned electronic components and chips; the rigid circuit board can also be inserted into an electrical connector in the cage 106 of the host computer 100.

[0101] In some embodiments, the circuit board further includes a flexible circuit board, which can be used independently or in conjunction with a rigid circuit board.

[0102] In some embodiments, the circuit board further includes gold fingers formed on its end surface, the gold fingers consisting of a plurality of independent pins.

[0103] In some implementations, the gold fingers 301 are disposed on one side of the surface of the circuit board 300. In some implementations, the gold fingers 301 are disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the circuit board 300 to provide a greater number of pins, thereby adapting to applications with high pin count requirements.

[0104] In some implementations, the gold fingers of the circuit board extend from the electrical port and are inserted into the electrical connector of the host computer 100; the circuit board is inserted into the cage 106, and the gold fingers are connected to the electrical connector inside the cage 106. The gold fingers are configured to establish an electrical connection with the host computer, enabling electrical connection functions such as power supply, grounding, two-wire synchronous serial (Inter-Integrated Circuit, I2C) signal transmission, and data signal transmission.

[0105] In some embodiments, the optical module 200 further includes an unlocking component 600 located outside its housing. The unlocking component 600 is configured to establish a fixed connection between the optical module 200 and the host computer, or to release the fixed connection between the optical module 200 and the host computer.

[0106] For example, the unlocking component 600 is located on the outside of the two lower side plates 2022 of the lower housing 202, and includes a locking component that matches the cage 106 of the host computer 100. When the optical module 200 is inserted into the cage 106, the locking component of the unlocking component 600 fixes the optical module 200 in the cage 106; when the unlocking component 600 is pulled, the locking component of the unlocking component 600 moves accordingly, thereby changing the connection relationship between the locking component and the host computer, so as to release the fixation between the optical module 200 and the host computer, thereby allowing the optical module 200 to be pulled out of the cage 106.

[0107] Figure 5 This is an internal structural diagram of an optical module according to some embodiments. Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the optical module 200 includes a light source 500. The light source 500 is disposed on the side of the optical chip 400 and can be used as an external light source for the optical chip 400. The light emitted by the light source 500 is coupled to the optical chip 400. The light emitted by the light source 500 without carrying data enters the optical chip 400, and the optical chip 400 performs phase modulation on it to load an electrical signal into the light, thereby obtaining light carrying data, i.e., generating an optical emission signal, thus realizing the emission of an optical signal.

[0108] The light source 500 can be a laser box, which encapsulates a laser. The laser emits light to generate a laser beam. The light source 500 is used to provide the emitted laser to the optical chip 400. Lasers, with their superior single-wavelength characteristics and excellent wavelength tuning characteristics, are the preferred light source for optical modules and even fiber optic transmission. Other types of light, such as LED light, are generally not used in common optical communication systems. Even if such light sources are used in special optical communication systems, their characteristics and chip components differ significantly from those of lasers. This results in a significant technical difference between optical modules using lasers and those using other light sources. Those skilled in the art generally do not believe that these two types of optical modules can mutually provide technical inspiration. Of course, in some embodiments, the light source is internally located within the optical chip 400.

[0109] In some embodiments, the optical module 200 includes a fiber optic adapter 700. The fiber optic adapter 700 is optically connected to the optical chip 400 via a first optical fiber 710 and a second optical fiber 720. Exemplarily, the optical signal generated by the optical chip 400 is transmitted to the fiber optic adapter 700 via the first optical fiber 710, and then coupled to an external optical fiber connected via the fiber optic adapter 700; the optical signal input via the external optical fiber is coupled to the second optical fiber 720 and transmitted to the optical chip 400 via the second optical fiber 720. The first optical fiber 710 includes one optical fiber, and the second optical fiber 720 includes one optical fiber.

[0110] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of an optical chip according to some embodiments. Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the optical chip 400 includes an optical modulator for generating optical signals. Exemplarily, the optical chip 400 includes multiple optical modulators that can generate optical signals of multiple wavelengths.

[0111] In some instances, the optical chip 400 includes a wavelength division multiplexer 400e. The input of the wavelength division multiplexer 400e is connected to the output of an optical modulator, and the output of the wavelength division multiplexer 400e is coupled to a first optical fiber 710. The optical signal generated by the optical modulator is transmitted to the wavelength division multiplexer 400e, which performs wavelength division multiplexing of the optical signal and couples it to the first optical fiber 710.

[0112] In some embodiments, the optical chip 400 includes a first optical modulator 400a, a second optical modulator 400b, a third optical modulator 400c, and a fourth optical modulator 400d. The first optical modulator 400a generates a first wavelength optical signal, the second optical modulator 400b generates a second wavelength optical signal, the third optical modulator 400c generates a third wavelength optical signal, and the fourth optical modulator 400d generates a fourth wavelength optical signal.

[0113] In some embodiments, the wavelength division multiplexer 400e includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a third input terminal, and a fourth input terminal. The first input terminal of the wavelength division multiplexer 400e is connected to the output terminal of a first optical modulator 400a, the second input terminal of the wavelength division multiplexer 400e is connected to the output terminal of a second optical modulator 400b, the third input terminal of the wavelength division multiplexer 400e is connected to the output terminal of a third optical modulator 400c, and the fourth input terminal of the wavelength division multiplexer 400e is connected to the output terminal of a fourth optical modulator 400d. The wavelength division multiplexer 400e wavelength-division multiplexes the first wavelength optical signal, the second wavelength optical signal, the third wavelength optical signal, and the fourth wavelength optical signal to multiplex four optical signals into one, so that the first wavelength optical signal, the second wavelength optical signal, the third wavelength optical signal, and the fourth wavelength optical signal can be output through a single optical fiber.

[0114] Figure 7This is a structural diagram of another optical chip according to some embodiments. For example... Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments, the optical chip 400 includes an optical demodulator for demodulating optical signals and outputting electrical signals. Exemplarily, the optical chip 400 includes multiple optical demodulators, each capable of demodulating an optical signal of one wavelength.

[0115] In some embodiments, the optical chip 400 includes a wavelength demultiplexer 400f. The input of the wavelength demultiplexer 400f is coupled to a second optical fiber 720, and the output of the wavelength demultiplexer 400f is connected to an optical demodulator. Multiple wavelength optical signals transmitted through the second optical fiber 720 are coupled to the wavelength demultiplexer 400f, demultiplexed according to the wavelength of the optical signals, split into multiple paths, and transmitted accordingly to the optical demodulator.

[0116] In some embodiments, the optical chip 400 includes a first optical demodulator 400g, a second optical demodulator 400h, a third optical demodulator 400i, and a fourth optical demodulator 400j. The first optical demodulator 400g demodulates a fifth wavelength optical signal, the second optical demodulator 400h demodulates a sixth wavelength optical signal, the third optical demodulator 400i demodulates a seventh wavelength optical signal, and the fourth optical demodulator 400j demodulates an eighth wavelength optical signal.

[0117] In some embodiments, the wavelength demultiplexer 400f includes a first output terminal, a second output terminal, a third output terminal, and a fourth output terminal. The first output terminal of the wavelength demultiplexer 400f is connected to the input terminal of the first optical demodulator 400g, the second output terminal of the wavelength demultiplexer 400f is connected to the input terminal of the second optical demodulator 400h, the third output terminal of the wavelength demultiplexer 400f is connected to the input terminal of the third optical demodulator 400i, and the fourth output terminal of the wavelength demultiplexer 400f is connected to the input terminal of the fourth optical demodulator 400j. The fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth wavelength optical signals, multiplexed into one channel, are coupled to the wavelength demultiplexer 400f via the second optical fiber 720. Based on the optical signal wavelength, the wavelength demultiplexer 400f demultiplexes the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth wavelength optical signals into four optical signals and transmits them to the corresponding optical demodulators.

[0118] In some embodiments, wavelength division multiplexer 400f can be used in reverse for the optical path of wavelength division multiplexer 400e.

[0119] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wavelength division multiplexer according to some embodiments. Figure 8As shown, in some embodiments, wavelength division multiplexer 400e includes a first-level multiplexing unit 410, a second-level multiplexing unit A 420, and a second-level multiplexing unit B 430. One end of the first-level multiplexing unit 410 can be connected to a first optical fiber 710, and the other end of the first-level multiplexing unit 410 is connected to the second-level multiplexing units A 420 and B 430. Of course, in some embodiments, one end of the first-level multiplexing unit 410 can be connected to a second optical fiber 720. The structure of wavelength division multiplexer 400f can be the same as that of wavelength division multiplexer 400e, but the optical path of wavelength division multiplexer 400f is opposite to that of wavelength division multiplexer 400e.

[0120] The primary multiplexing unit 410 includes a first connection terminal, a second connection terminal, a third connection terminal, and a fourth connection terminal. In some embodiments, the first and second connection terminals of the primary multiplexing unit 410 can be used to output optical signals, and the third and fourth connection terminals of the primary multiplexing unit 410 can be used to input optical signals. For example, the first or second connection terminal of the primary multiplexing unit 410 is optically connected to a first optical fiber 710, the third connection terminal of the primary multiplexing unit 410 is connected to a secondary multiplexing unit A 420, and the fourth connection terminal of the primary multiplexing unit 410 is connected to a secondary multiplexing unit B 430. In some embodiments, the first and second connection terminals of the primary multiplexing unit 410 can be used to input optical signals, and the third and fourth connection terminals of the primary multiplexing unit 410 can be used to output optical signals. For example, the first or second connection terminal of the primary multiplexing unit 410 is optically connected to a second optical fiber 720.

[0121] The secondary multiplexing unit A 420 includes a first connection terminal, a second connection terminal, a third connection terminal, and a fourth connection terminal. In some embodiments, the first and second connections of the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 are used to output optical signals, and the third and fourth connections of the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 are used to input optical signals. For example, the first or second connection terminal of the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 is connected to the third connection terminal of the primary multiplexing unit 410, the third connection terminal of the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 is connected to the first optical modulator 400a, and the fourth connection terminal of the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 is connected to the second optical modulator 400b. In some embodiments, the first and second connections of the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 are used to input optical signals, and the third and fourth connections of the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 are used to output optical signals. For example, the third connection terminal of the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 is connected to the first optical demodulator 400g, and the fourth connection terminal of the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 is connected to the second optical demodulator 400h.

[0122] The secondary multiplexing unit B 430 includes a third connection terminal, a second connection terminal, a third connection terminal, and a fourth connection terminal. In some embodiments, the first and second connections of the secondary multiplexing unit B 430 are used for outputting optical signals, and the third and fourth connections of the secondary multiplexing unit B 430 are used for inputting optical signals. For example, the first or second connection terminal of the secondary multiplexing unit B 430 is connected to the fourth connection terminal of the primary multiplexing unit 410, the third connection terminal of the secondary multiplexing unit B 430 is connected to the third optical modulator 400c, and the fourth connection terminal of the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 is connected to the fourth optical modulator 400d. In some embodiments, the first and second connections of the secondary multiplexing unit B 430 are used for inputting optical signals, and the third and fourth connections of the secondary multiplexing unit B 430 are used for outputting optical signals. For example, the third connection terminal of the secondary multiplexing unit B 430 is connected to the first optical demodulator 400i, and the fourth connection terminal of the secondary multiplexing unit B 430 is connected to the second optical demodulator 400j.

[0123] In some embodiments, the first wavelength optical signal and the second wavelength optical signal are transmitted to the first wavelength multiplexing unit 410 after wavelength division multiplexing by the second-level multiplexing unit A 420, the third wavelength optical signal and the fourth wavelength optical signal are transmitted to the first wavelength multiplexing unit 410 after wavelength division multiplexing by the second-level multiplexing unit B 430, and the first wavelength optical signal, the second wavelength optical signal, the third wavelength optical signal and the fourth wavelength optical signal are transmitted to the first optical fiber 710 after wavelength division multiplexing by the first wavelength multiplexing unit 410.

[0124] In some embodiments, the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth wavelength optical signals, which are wavelength division multiplexed, are transmitted to the first-level multiplexing unit 410 via the second optical fiber 720. The fifth and sixth wavelength optical signals are coupled through the first-level multiplexing unit 410 to the second-level multiplexing unit A 420 and, after being demultiplexed by the second-level multiplexing unit A 420, are transmitted to the first optical demodulator 400g and the second optical demodulator 400h respectively. The seventh and eighth wavelength optical signals are coupled through the first-level multiplexing unit 410 to the second-level multiplexing unit B 430 and, after being demultiplexed by the second-level multiplexing unit B 430, are transmitted to the third optical demodulator 400i and the fourth optical demodulator 400j respectively.

[0125] In some embodiments, the primary multiplexing unit 410 includes couplers and delay lines. The primary multiplexing unit 410 may include multiple couplers, with delay lines connecting adjacent couplers. Couplers are used to cause interference in the input optical signal, thereby enhancing wavelength coupling that satisfies the constructive interference condition and suppressing wavelength coupling that satisfies the destructive interference condition. As the optical signal is transmitted from the front-end coupler to the back-end coupler, the delay lines are used to phase-shift the optical signal, giving the transmitted optical signal a specific phase difference. Exemplarily, the primary multiplexing unit 410 may include three couplers; however, in some embodiments, the number of primary multiplexing units 410 is not limited to three.

[0126] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of a primary multiplexing unit according to some embodiments. For example... Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the primary multiplexing unit 410 includes a first coupler 411, a first delay line 412, a second coupler 413, a second delay line 414, and a third coupler 415. One end of the first coupler 411 forms a first connection terminal and a second connection terminal of the primary multiplexing unit 410. The other end of the first coupler 411 is connected to one end of the first delay line 412. The other end of the first delay line 412 is connected to one end of the second coupler 413. The other end of the second coupler 413 is connected to one end of the second delay line 414. The other end of the second delay line 414 is connected to one end of the third coupler 415. The other end of the third coupler 415 forms a third connection terminal and a fourth connection terminal of the primary multiplexing unit 410.

[0127] In some embodiments, the length difference between the first delay line 412 and the second delay line 414 can be 25-30 μm. For example, the length difference between the first delay line 412 and the second delay line 414 can be 27 μm, 28.061 μm, etc.

[0128] In some embodiments, the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 includes couplers and delay lines. The secondary multiplexing unit A 420 may include multiple couplers, with delay lines connecting adjacent couplers. The structure of the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 can be referenced to the primary multiplexing unit 410. Exemplarily, the length difference of the delay lines in the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 can be 15-25 μm. For example, the length difference of the delay lines in the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 can be 18.23 μm, 20 μm, etc.

[0129] In some embodiments, the secondary multiplexing unit B 430 includes couplers and delay lines. The secondary multiplexing unit B 430 may include multiple couplers, with delay lines connecting adjacent couplers. The structure of the secondary multiplexing unit B 430 can be referenced to the primary multiplexing unit 410. Exemplarily, the length difference of the delay lines in the secondary multiplexing unit B 430 can be 15-25 μm. For example, the length difference of the delay lines in the secondary multiplexing unit A 420 can be 18.014 μm, 20 μm, etc.

[0130] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another wavelength division multiplexer according to some embodiments. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another wavelength division multiplexer according to some embodiments. Figure 10 and Figure 11 Each of these demonstrates a different wavelength division multiplexer architecture. For example... Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, in some embodiments, the first-level multiplexing unit 410 may have the same or different structure as the second-level multiplexing unit A 420, and the first-level multiplexing unit 410 may have the same or different structure as the second-level multiplexing unit B 430.

[0131] In some embodiments, the structure of secondary multiplexing unit A 420 may be the same as or different from the structure of secondary multiplexing unit B 430.

[0132] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a coupler according to some embodiments. Figure 12 The structure of a coupler is shown. The structures of the first coupler, second coupler, and third coupler, etc., can be referenced. Figure 12 The structure of the coupler is shown. Figure 12 As shown, in some embodiments, the coupler includes a first coupling waveguide 440 and a second coupling waveguide 450. The first coupling waveguide 440 is located on the side of the second coupling waveguide 450. The core material of the first coupling waveguide 440 and the second coupling waveguide 450 may be silicon nitride, and the cladding may be silicon dioxide. The thickness of the first coupling waveguide 440 and the second coupling waveguide 450 is 300-500 nm, such as 400 nm for the first coupling waveguide 440 and the second coupling waveguide 450.

[0133] In some embodiments, the first coupling waveguide 440 includes an upper coupling portion 441, and the second coupling waveguide 450 includes a lower coupling portion 451. The upper coupling portion 441 is located next to the lower coupling portion 451. Both the upper coupling portion 441 and the lower coupling portion 451 are Euler arcs, and their centers are located on the same side of the first coupling waveguide 440. The upper coupling portion 441 and the lower coupling portion 451 can be concentric arcs, or they can be coaxial but not concentric arcs. The upper coupling portion 441 and the lower coupling portion 451 are important parts of the coupler. Optical signals interfere at the upper coupling portion 441 and the lower coupling portion 451 to enhance wavelength coupling that satisfies the constructive interference condition and suppress wavelength coupling that satisfies the destructive interference condition. The use of Euler arcs in both the upper coupling portion 441 and the lower coupling portion 451 can reduce losses.

[0134] In some embodiments, the width of the upper coupling portion 441 is 0.5-1 μm, such as 0.7 μm; the width of the lower coupling portion 451 is 0.5-1 μm, and the width of the lower coupling portion 451 is 0.7 μm.

[0135] In some embodiments, the width of the upper coupling portion 441 is the same as the width of the lower coupling portion 451.

[0136] In some embodiments, the distance between the upper coupling portion 441 and the lower coupling portion 451 is 0.5-1 μm. For example, the distance between the upper coupling portion 441 and the lower coupling portion 451 is 0.7 μm.

[0137] In some embodiments, the radius of the upper coupling portion 441 is 40-50 μm, and the radius of the lower coupling portion 451 is 40-50 μm. The radius of the upper coupling portion 441 is smaller than the radius of the lower coupling portion 451.

[0138] In some embodiments, the arc of the upper coupling portion 441 is 20-60°. Exemplarily, the arc of the upper coupling portion 441 is 25-30° or 45-60°, such as 27.1°, 28.35°, 51.45°, 54° or 55.15°.

[0139] In some embodiments, the lower coupling portion 451 has an arc of 20-60°. Exemplarily, the upper coupling portion 441 has an arc of 25-30° or 45-60°, such as 27.1°, 28.35°, 51.45°, 54° or 55.15°.

[0140] In some embodiments, the first coupling waveguide 440 includes a first extension 442 and a second extension 443. The first extension 442 is located at one end of the upper coupling portion 441, and the second extension 443 is located at the other end of the upper coupling portion 441. The first extension 442 and the second extension 443 are used to adjust the spacing between the first coupling waveguide 440 and the second coupling waveguide 450. Exemplarily, the first extension 442 is a straight waveguide, and the second extension 443 is a straight waveguide. One end of the first extension 442 is away from one end of the upper coupling portion 441, and the other end of the first extension 442 is connected to one end of the upper coupling portion 441. The other end of the upper coupling portion 441 is connected to one end of the second extension 443, and the other end of the second extension 443 is away from the upper coupling portion 441. The first extension 442 and the second extension 443 extend in a direction away from the upper coupling portion 441, respectively. At one end of the upper coupling portion 441, the first extension portion 442 can increase the spacing between the first coupling waveguide 440 and the second coupling waveguide 450; at the other end of the upper coupling portion 441, the second extension portion 443 can increase the spacing between the first coupling waveguide 440 and the second coupling waveguide 450.

[0141] In some embodiments, the first coupling waveguide 440 includes a first bend 444 and a second bend 445. The first bend 444 is located at one end of the first extension 442, and the second bend 445 is located at the other end of the second extension 443. The first bend 444 is used to adjust the extension direction of one end of the first coupling waveguide 440, making one end of the first coupling waveguide 440 tend to be straight. The second bend 445 is used to adjust the extension direction of the other end of the first coupling waveguide 440, making the other end of the first coupling waveguide 440 tend to be straight.

[0142] In some embodiments, the first turning portion 444 may be an Euler arc. The center of the first turning portion 444 and the center of the upper coupling portion 441 are located on different sides of the first coupling waveguide 440.

[0143] In some embodiments, the second bend 445 may be an Euler arc. The center of the second bend 445 and the center of the upper coupling portion 441 are located on different sides of the first coupling waveguide 440.

[0144] In some embodiments, the first coupling waveguide 440 includes a first port 446 and a second port 447. The first port 446 is used for inputting or outputting optical signals, and the second port 447 is used for outputting or inputting optical signals. The first port 446 is located at one end of a first bend 444, which allows the first port 446 to tend to be straight. The second port 447 is located at the other end of a second bend 445, which also allows the second port 447 to tend to be straight. The tending to be straight first port 446 and second port 447 facilitate the connection of the first coupling waveguide 440 to delay lines, modulators, or optical fibers, etc.

[0145] In some embodiments, the second coupling waveguide 450 includes a third bend 452 and a fourth bend 453. The third bend 452 is located at one end of the lower coupling portion 451, and the fourth bend 453 is located at the other end of the lower coupling portion 451. The third bend 452 is used to adjust the extension direction of one end of the second coupling waveguide 450, making one end of the second coupling waveguide 450 tend to be straight. The fourth bend 453 is used to adjust the extension direction of the other end of the second coupling waveguide 450, making the other end of the second coupling waveguide 450 tend to be straight.

[0146] In some embodiments, the third bend 452 may be an Euler arc. The center of the third bend 452 and the center of the lower coupling portion 451 are located on different sides of the second coupling waveguide 450.

[0147] In some embodiments, the fourth bend 453 may be an Euler arc. The center of the fourth bend 453 and the center of the lower coupling portion 451 are located on different sides of the second coupling waveguide 450.

[0148] In some embodiments, the second coupling waveguide 450 includes a third port 454 and a fourth port 455. The third port is used for inputting or outputting optical signals, and the fourth port 455 is used for outputting or inputting optical signals. The third port 454 is located at one end of a third bend 452, which makes the third port 454 tend to be straight. The fourth port 455 is located at the other end of a fourth bend 453, which makes the fourth port 455 tend to be straight. The tending-to-be-straight third port 454 and fourth port 455 facilitate the connection of the second coupling waveguide 450 to delay lines, modulators, or optical fibers, etc.

[0149] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure, and are not intended to limit them. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure.

Claims

1. An optical module characterized by comprising: include: Circuit board; Fiber optic adapter, which connects to one end of the first fiber optic cable; The optical chip is electrically connected to the circuit board; The optical chip includes: The first optical modulator is used to generate a first wavelength optical signal; A second optical modulator is used to generate a second wavelength optical signal; A third optical modulator is used to generate a third wavelength optical signal; The fourth optical modulator is used to generate a fourth wavelength optical signal; A wavelength division multiplexer has its input terminal connected to the output terminals of the first optical modulator, the second optical modulator, the third optical modulator, and the fourth optical modulator, and its output terminal coupled to the other end of the first optical fiber; the wavelength division multiplexer includes a coupler. The coupler includes: The first coupling waveguide includes an upper coupling section; the upper coupling section is an Euler circular arc. The second coupling waveguide includes a lower coupling portion; the lower coupling portion is located on the side of the upper coupling portion, and the lower coupling portion is an Euler arc; the upper coupling portion and the lower coupling portion interfere with a first wavelength optical signal, a second wavelength optical signal, a third wavelength optical signal, or a fourth wavelength optical signal, so that the coupler wavelength division multiplexes the first wavelength optical signal, the second wavelength optical signal, the third wavelength optical signal, and the fourth wavelength optical signal.

2. The optical module according to claim 1, characterized by The first coupling waveguide further includes a first extension, a second extension, a first port, and a second port; one end of the first extension is connected to the first port, the other end of the first extension is connected to one end of the upper coupling portion, the other end of the upper coupling portion is connected to one end of the second extension, and the other end of the second extension is connected to the second port. The second coupling waveguide further includes a third port and a fourth port, wherein the third port is connected to one end of the lower coupling part and the fourth port is connected to the other end of the lower coupling part; The distance between the first port and the third port is greater than the distance between the upper coupling part and the lower coupling part, and the distance between the second port and the fourth port is greater than the distance between the upper coupling part and the lower coupling part.

3. The optical module according to claim 2, characterized by The first coupled waveguide further includes a first bend and a second bend; one end of the first bend is connected to the first port, and the other end of the second bend is connected to one end of the first extension; one end of the second bend is connected to the other end of the second extension, and the other end of the second bend is connected to the second port.

4. The optical module according to claim 2, characterized by The second coupling waveguide further includes a third bend and a fourth bend; one end of the third bend is connected to the third port, and the other end of the third bend is connected to the lower coupling section; one end of the fourth bend is connected to the lower coupling section, and the other end of the fourth bend is connected to the fourth port.

5. The optical module of claim 1, wherein, The fiber optic adapter is also connected to one end of a second fiber optic cable, which transmits wavelength division multiplexed fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth wavelength optical signals; the optical chip further includes: The first optical demodulator is used to demodulate the fifth wavelength optical signal; The second optical demodulator is used to demodulate the sixth wavelength optical signal; The third optical demodulator is used to demodulate the seventh wavelength optical signal; The fourth optical demodulator is used to demodulate the eighth wavelength optical signal; A wavelength demultiplexer has its input end coupled to the other end of the second optical fiber, and its output end correspondingly connected to the input ends of the first optical demodulator, the second optical demodulator, the third optical demodulator, and the fourth optical demodulator; the wavelength demultiplexer includes a coupler. The coupler includes: The first coupling waveguide includes an upper coupling section; the upper coupling section is an Euler circular arc. The second coupling waveguide includes a lower coupling section; the lower coupling section is located on the side of the upper coupling section, and the lower coupling section is an Euler arc; the upper coupling section and the lower coupling section interfere with the fifth wavelength optical signal, the sixth wavelength optical signal, the seventh wavelength optical signal and the eighth wavelength optical signal, so that the coupler demultiplexes the fifth wavelength optical signal, the sixth wavelength optical signal, the seventh wavelength optical signal and the eighth wavelength optical signal.

6. The optical module of claim 2, wherein, The wavelength division multiplexer includes multiple couplers, with delay lines provided between adjacent couplers; one end of the delay line is connected to the second and fourth ports of the front-end coupler, and the other end of the delay line is connected to the first and third ports of the back-end coupler.

7. An optical module characterized by comprising: include: Circuit board; Fiber optic adapter, which connects to one end of the second fiber optic cable; The second optical fiber transmits wavelength division multiplexed optical signals of the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth wavelengths. An optical chip is electrically connected to the circuit board; the optical chip includes: The first optical demodulator is used to demodulate the fifth wavelength optical signal; The second optical demodulator is used to demodulate the sixth wavelength optical signal; The third optical demodulator is used to demodulate the seventh wavelength optical signal; The fourth optical demodulator is used to demodulate the eighth wavelength optical signal; A wavelength demultiplexer has its input end coupled to the other end of the second optical fiber, and its output end correspondingly connected to the input ends of the first optical demodulator, the second optical demodulator, the third optical demodulator, and the fourth optical demodulator; the wavelength demultiplexer includes a coupler. The coupler includes: The first coupling waveguide includes an upper coupling section; the upper coupling section is an Euler circular arc. The second coupling waveguide includes a lower coupling section; the lower coupling section is located on the side of the upper coupling section, and the lower coupling section is an Euler arc; the upper coupling section and the lower coupling section interfere with the fifth wavelength optical signal, the sixth wavelength optical signal, the seventh wavelength optical signal and the eighth wavelength optical signal, so that the coupler demultiplexes the fifth wavelength optical signal, the sixth wavelength optical signal, the seventh wavelength optical signal and the eighth wavelength optical signal.

8. The optical module according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first coupling waveguide further includes a first extension, a second extension, a first port, and a second port; one end of the first extension is connected to the first port, the other end of the first extension is connected to one end of the upper coupling portion, the other end of the upper coupling portion is connected to one end of the second extension, and the other end of the second extension is connected to the second port. The second coupling waveguide further includes a third port and a fourth port, wherein the third port is connected to one end of the lower coupling part and the fourth port is connected to the other end of the lower coupling part; The distance between the first port and the third port is greater than the distance between the upper coupling part and the lower coupling part.

9. The optical module according to claim 8, characterized by The first coupled waveguide further includes a first bend and a second bend; one end of the first bend is connected to the first port, and the other end of the second bend is connected to one end of the first extension; one end of the second bend is connected to the other end of the second extension, and the other end of the second bend is connected to the second port.

10. The optical module according to claim 9, characterized by The second coupling waveguide further includes a third bend and a fourth bend; one end of the third bend is connected to the third port, and the other end of the third bend is connected to the lower coupling section; one end of the fourth bend is connected to the lower coupling section, and the other end of the fourth bend is connected to the fourth port.

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