A low-power long-distance base station networking device for geophysical construction management data transmission

Abstract

This utility model discloses a low-power, long-distance base station networking device for data transmission in geophysical exploration construction management. It includes a base station networking device and a server. The base station networking device consists of an antenna, a communication module, an MCU microcontroller, a 4G DTU module, a power supply module, and a battery. The antenna is connected to the communication module, and the communication module is connected to the MCU microcontroller. The MCU microcontroller wirelessly connects to the server via the 4G DTU module. Compared with existing technologies, this utility model solves the problem of data relay in geophysical exploration construction management. Based on the Si4432 communication module wireless relay method, it achieves low-power, long-distance data transmission. If a connection is established between the base station and the server, data is directly transmitted back to the server via the 4G module. If the connection between the base station and the server is interrupted, the base station forwards data packets to other corresponding base stations, which then transmit the data back to the server.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a low-power long-distance base station networking device for data transmission in geophysical exploration construction management. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of oil exploration, exploration sites are often located in remote, uninhabited areas lacking stable network coverage. Data transmission from these large, network-free areas cannot be effectively relayed via the public internet, necessitating the deployment of relays or gateways within the geophysical exploration site area for data transfer.

[0003] Existing repeater equipment can only relay walkie-talkie voice, offering very limited support for data transmission. Communication distance is also unsatisfactory due to the complex terrain at exploration sites, making direct transmission back to the server platform impossible. According to industry test data (see *Geophysical Exploration Equipment*, 2019, Issue 3), existing 2.4GHz repeater equipment has an average communication distance of ≤300 meters in hilly terrain and cannot stably transmit data packets larger than 1KB. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a low-power, long-distance base station networking device for geophysical exploration construction management data transmission, achieving low-power, long-distance networking and solving the data transmission problem of wireless transmission equipment at geophysical exploration sites.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A low-power, long-range base station networking device for data transmission in geophysical exploration construction management includes a base station networking device and a server. The base station networking device consists of an antenna, a Si4432 communication module, an MCU microcontroller, a 4G DTU module, a power supply module, and a battery. The antenna is connected to the Si4432 communication module via an SMA RF interface. The Si4432 communication module is connected to the MCU microcontroller via a TTL serial port. The en pin of the Si4432 communication module is connected to the output pin of the microcontroller. The MCU microcontroller is wirelessly connected to the server via the 4G DTU module. The battery supplies power to all modules through the power supply module. The MCU microcontroller is connected to a battery voltage sampling circuit, which is connected to the battery through a voltage divider resistor.

[0007] Preferably, the server sends a heartbeat packet to the base station networking device every 30 seconds. If the base station networking device does not receive a heartbeat packet within 45 consecutive seconds, the base station determines that the connection with the server is interrupted and triggers the data forwarding mode.

[0008] Preferably, the base station networking devices are wirelessly connected to each other via antennas and Si4432 communication modules, and the base station networking devices forward data to each other via FFFF broadcast addresses, with the forwarding data header containing the target address and data content.

[0009] Preferably, the base station networking equipment sends data to the server in TCP packet mode through the 4G DTU module.

[0010] Preferably, the MCU microcontroller is an ESP32 or STM32F103 series microcontroller, and the MCU microcontroller is connected to the 4G DTU module via serial TTL.

[0011] Preferably, the power supply module stabilizes the 12V battery voltage to 3.3V to power the Si4432 communication module, MCU microcontroller, and 4G DTU module.

[0012] Preferably, the battery is also included, with the solar panel and solar power module used to charge the battery.

[0013] Preferably, the MCU microcontroller has a reserved TTL serial port, which is connected to a 3-pin external interface.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0015] (1) Actual measurements show that when the equivalent radiated power is 20dBm and the device is equipped with an 8dB antenna, the communication distance in complex terrain reaches 3000 meters and the standby power consumption is 0.1W (traditional 2.4GHz devices > 1W), which meets the requirements of long-distance and low-power transmission in geophysical exploration.

[0016] (2) This utility model solves the problem of data transmission relay in geophysical exploration construction management. Based on the Si4432 communication module wireless relay method, it achieves low-power long-distance data transmission. If the base station establishes a connection with the server, it directly transmits data back to the server through the 4G module. If the connection between the base station and the server is interrupted, the base station forwards the data packets through the FFFF broadcast address to other corresponding base stations, and transmits the data back to the server through other base station networking equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a circuit block diagram of the base station networking equipment of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the base station networking equipment of this utility model in an oil exploration and construction site.

[0019] Figure 3This is the circuit wiring diagram of the Si4432 communication module of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is the circuit wiring diagram of the MCU microcontroller module of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is the circuit wiring diagram of the 4G DTU module of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is the circuit wiring diagram of the power supply module of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 7 This is the circuit wiring diagram of the voltage sampling circuit of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 8 This is the circuit wiring diagram of the power module of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0025] This utility model addresses the wireless communication transmission of construction data at oil exploration sites. By utilizing Sub-G wireless communication technology and low-power, low-cost communication chips, it enables base station networking equipment to autonomously form a communication network between base stations in areas without network coverage, facilitating data forwarding. Finally, data is uploaded to a server via a base station networking device with a public network. This application pertains to base station networking equipment that can be configured and used with our company's self-organizing portable terminal equipment. The base station networking equipment receives data packets from the terminal equipment via a Si4432 communication module and antenna.

[0026] The present invention will be further described below: A low-power long-distance base station networking device for data transmission in geophysical exploration construction management, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figures 1 to 8This base station networking equipment is deployed at high points in the field of petroleum exploration and construction. By configuring high-gain antennas, it improves coverage in complex terrain environments. The equipment includes base station networking devices and a server. The base station networking devices consist of an antenna, a Si4432 communication module, an MCU microcontroller, a 4G DTU module, a power supply module, and a battery. The antenna is connected to the Si4432 communication module via an SMA RF interface. The Si4432 communication module is connected to the MCU microcontroller via a TTL serial port. The en pin of the Si4432 communication module is connected to the output pin of the microcontroller. The Si4432 communication module is manufactured using Silicon Laboratories technology. The wireless module based on the SI4432 chip is typically used in sub-1G wireless communication technology. It is a low-power, multi-band wireless transceiver chip with an operating voltage of 1.9–3.6V, a 20-pin QFN package (4mm × 4mm), and can operate in four frequency bands: 315 / 433 / 868 / 915MHz. Internally, it integrates a diversity antenna, power amplifier, wake-up timer, digital modem, 64-byte transmit and receive data FIFOs, and configurable GPIO. The MCU microcontroller connects wirelessly to the server via a 4G DTU module. The battery is electrically connected to the Si4432 communication module, MCU microcontroller, and 4G DTU module via a power supply module. This invention, using the Si4432 communication module and antenna, enables low-power, long-distance data forwarding between base station networking devices and receiving data packets uploaded by terminal devices based on sub-1G wireless communication technology. The 4G DTU module enables 4G communication between the base station networking devices and the server, allowing data to be uploaded to the server.

[0027] To detect whether the base station networking equipment has established a connection with the server, the server sends a heartbeat packet to the base station networking equipment every 30 seconds. If the base station networking equipment receives the heartbeat packet, it executes the data TCP packet return module and sends the data directly back to the server. If the base station networking equipment does not receive data from the server within a 45-second heartbeat interval, it indicates that the base station networking equipment is in an area without a public network. In this case, it executes the data forwarding mode and broadcasts the data to other base station networking equipment via an FFFF address until it is forwarded to a base station networking equipment with a public network, where the data is then uploaded to the server.

[0028] Server command definition: In "?RS**", "**" represents the base station ID number, which is a base station ID from 00 to 99. "?RSALL" is a wildcard command used for batch control of base stations.

[0029] During work:

[0030] The MCU microcontroller monitors data from the serial port of the Si4432 communication module and the serial port of the 4G DTU.

[0031] When the Si4432 communication module receives serial data, it checks the data header. If there is no forwarding header and a heartbeat packet is received, it checks if the base station is online. If online, the data is sent to the 4G DTU module via the MCU microcontroller, and the 4G DTU module directly sends the data to the server via TCP connection. If the base station does not receive a heartbeat packet, it is offline. The base station adds a forwarding header to the received data packet and sends the data to the Si4432 communication modules of adjacent network base stations via the Si4432 communication module serial port, where wireless forwarding is achieved. If the base station receives data with a forwarding header, it checks if the header is its own. If it is, the data is discarded. If it is not its own, the data is forwarded to the 4G DTU serial port, and the 4G DTU module sends the data back to the server via TCP.

[0032] MCU single-chip microcomputer control function implementation method:

[0033] To determine 4G DTU data, the MCU's built-in instruction judgment program judges the serial port string "?RSALL" / "?RS**", executes the base station equipment restart, and pulls the EN pin low; judges the string "?P", reads the battery voltage, and sends the reading result to the 4G DTU module through the 4G DTU serial port. The 4G DTU module sends the data to the server through a TCP connection.

[0034] The base station networking equipment is wirelessly connected to each other via antennas and Si4432 communication modules. The base station networking equipment can form a self-organizing network through antennas and Si4432 communication modules. Data packets without public network areas can be forwarded to base station networking equipment with public networks through sub-1g wireless communication technology. The base station networking equipment then sends the data to the server in TCP data packet mode through a 4G DTU module.

[0035] The MCU microcontroller is an ESP32 or STM32F103 series microcontroller. The MCU microcontroller is connected to the 4G DTU module via serial TTL, and all serial ports have the same speed.

[0036] The power supply module stabilizes the 12V battery voltage to 3.3V to power the Si4432 communication module, MCU microcontroller, and 4G DTU module. It also includes a solar panel and a solar power supply module, with the solar panel charging the battery via the solar power supply module. The MCU microcontroller's emergency input is connected to the battery via a voltage divider, allowing it to collect battery voltage data and upload it to the server via the 4G DTU module. This enables early warning; when the server detects that the battery is low on power and cannot automatically recharge, it indicates battery damage, and maintenance personnel are dispatched to the site for repair or replacement, reducing the frequency of on-site equipment checks by workers.

[0037] The MCU microcontroller has a reserved TTL serial port, which is connected to a 3-pin external interface. The 3-pin external interface can be used for device debugging, data expansion, or emergency data reading.

[0038] The above provides a detailed description of a low-power, long-distance base station networking device for geophysical exploration construction management data transmission. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this utility model. The descriptions of the above embodiments are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this utility model. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Modifications and improvements to this utility model are possible without exceeding the concept and scope defined in the appended claims. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A low-power, long-distance base station networking device for data transmission in geophysical exploration construction management, characterized in that: The system includes base station networking equipment and a server. The base station networking equipment consists of an antenna, a Si4432 communication module, an MCU microcontroller, a 4G DTU module, a power supply module, and a battery. The antenna is connected to the Si4432 communication module via an SMA RF interface. The Si4432 communication module is connected to the MCU microcontroller via a TTL serial port. The en pin of the Si4432 communication module is connected to the output pin of the microcontroller. The MCU microcontroller is wirelessly connected to the server via the 4G DTU module. The battery supplies power to all modules through the power supply module. The MCU microcontroller is connected to a battery voltage sampling circuit, which is connected to the battery through a voltage divider resistor.

2. The low-power long-distance base station networking device for geophysical construction management data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The server sends a heartbeat packet to the base station networking equipment every 30 seconds.

3. The low-power long-distance base station networking device for geophysical construction management data transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base station networking equipment is wirelessly connected to each other via antennas and Si4432 communication modules.

4. The low-power long-distance base station networking device for geophysical construction management data transmission according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base station networking equipment sends data to the server in TCP packet format via the 4G DTU module.

5. The low-power long-distance base station networking device for geophysical construction management data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU microcontroller is an ESP32 or STM32F103 series microcontroller, and the MCU microcontroller is connected to the 4G DTU module via serial TTL.

6. The low-power consumption long-distance base station networking device for geophysical construction management data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply module stabilizes the 12V battery voltage to 3.3V to power the Si4432 communication module, MCU microcontroller, and 4G DTU module.

7. The low-power consumption long-distance base station networking device for geophysical construction management data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes solar panels and a solar power module, wherein the solar panels charge the battery through the solar power module.

8. The low-power consumption long-distance base station networking device for geophysical construction management data transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU microcontroller has a reserved TTL serial port, which is connected to a 3-pin external interface.

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