A grinding device based on abrasive belt adaptive wear compensation

Abstract

The utility model relates to mechanical manufacturing and surface treatment technical field especially, it relates to a kind of polishing equipment based on abrasive belt self-adapting wear compensation, including base, four connecting arms are rotationally connected in the upper portion of base, two rotating rollers are installed in base, one rotating roller is rotationally connected in the end of two connecting arms forward extension, four rotating rollers are commonly sleeved with abrasive belt, the end of every two connecting arms forward extension is commonly installed with brush roll, brush roll and abrasive belt outer side contact, base is provided with the tensioning assembly for tensioning abrasive belt, the adjusting assembly for automatically adjusting the tensioning degree of tensioning assembly to abrasive belt is slidably connected in the upper portion of base. Through motor drive transmission rod reverse rotation, through first gear and first rack drive, connecting rod pulls connecting arm to expand outward, abrasive belt is stretched transversely to increase tension, realize the dynamic compensation of tension after abrasive belt wear, maintain polishing efficiency and surface quality stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical manufacturing and surface treatment technology, and in particular to a grinding device based on adaptive wear compensation of abrasive belt. Background Technology

[0002] Grinding is an indispensable surface treatment process in modern manufacturing. Through mechanical action, it removes uneven areas from material surfaces, significantly improving workpiece dimensional accuracy, surface quality, and functional characteristics. Its applications are widespread, directly impacting product performance, lifespan, and appearance. With the increasing level of industrial automation, efficient and precise grinding equipment has become crucial for achieving large-scale production and quality control.

[0003] Among existing grinding equipment, belt grinders are widely used due to their advantages of flexible contact, efficient heat dissipation, and adaptability to complex curved surface processing. Their core principle is to drive a ring-shaped grinding belt to rotate at high speed using a drive unit. The abrasive particles distributed on the belt surface contact the workpiece surface, and under pressure, material removal is achieved through friction and cutting.

[0004] The grinding efficiency of abrasive belts is highly dependent on their surface texture. However, existing equipment has significant limitations during operation: on the one hand, as the abrasive belt continues to grind, the surface texture gradually becomes dull due to abrasive shedding and binder wear. To maintain grinding efficiency, the clamping force needs to be continuously increased, which can easily cause workpiece deformation or surface burns. On the other hand, the grinding debris easily embeds into the pores of the abrasive belt, filling the gaps in the texture and forming an adhesion layer, further reducing the cutting ability of the abrasive belt and causing fluctuations in grinding quality. Once the abrasive belt is worn out, it needs to be replaced, affecting production continuity; adjusting the clamping force relies on manual experience and is difficult to adapt to real-time changes in the abrasive belt's condition. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the drawback of abrasive belt wear affecting the grinding effect, this utility model provides a grinding device based on abrasive belt adaptive wear compensation, aiming to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings.

[0006] A sanding device based on adaptive wear compensation of abrasive belt includes a base, four connecting arms rotatably connected to the upper part of the base, two rotating rollers installed inside the base, one end of each of the two connecting arms extending forward and rotatably connected to one of the rotating rollers, the four rotating rollers together housing the abrasive belt, a brush roller being installed at the forward-extending end of every two connecting arms, the brush roller contacting the outer side of the abrasive belt, the base being provided with a tensioning component for tensioning the abrasive belt, and an adjusting component for automatically adjusting the tension of the abrasive belt by the tensioning component being slidably connected to the upper part of the base.

[0007] In one embodiment, the tensioning assembly includes a connecting rod, a motor mounted on the top of the base, four extension arms connected to the upper front side of the base, a first rack slidably connected inside the extension arms, two transmission rods rotatably connected to the base, a gear set disposed between the two transmission rods, the top of one of the transmission rods being connected to the motor, and a first gear connected to both the upper and lower ends of the transmission rod, the first gear meshing with the first rack, one end of the connecting rod being rotatably connected to the first rack, and the other end of the connecting rod being rotatably connected to the connecting arm.

[0008] In one embodiment, the adjustment assembly includes a pressure sensor. A mounting frame is slidably connected to the upper front side of the base. Second gears are connected to both the upper and lower ends of the transmission rod, and the second gears engage with the first gear. Second racks are connected to both the upper and lower ends of the left and right sides of the mounting frame, and the second gears mesh with the second racks. The second racks and the first racks are located on the left and right sides of the transmission rod, respectively. The pressure sensor is installed inside the mounting frame. A roller frame is slidably connected inside the mounting frame. The rear end of the roller frame is pressed against the pressure sensor. A spring is sleeved on the rear end of the roller frame. One end of the spring is connected to the roller frame, and the other end is connected to the front end of the pressure sensor. A plurality of rollers are rotatably connected to the front side of the roller frame, and the front end of the roller frame is pressed against the inner side of the sanding belt.

[0009] In one embodiment, a collection frame is connected to the front side of the center of the base.

[0010] In one embodiment, lighting lamps are installed on the left and right sides of the center of the base.

[0011] In one embodiment, the base is equipped with casters.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0013] 1. The transmission rod is driven to rotate in the opposite direction by the motor. Through the transmission of the first gear and the first rack, the connecting rod pulls the connecting arm to unfold outward, and the sanding belt is stretched laterally to increase the tension. This achieves dynamic compensation of the tension after the sanding belt wears, and maintains the stability of sanding efficiency and surface quality.

[0014] 2. Through the contact and reverse rotation of the brush roller with the outer surface of the sanding belt, the brush roller continuously scrapes away the grinding debris adhering to the sanding belt texture, preventing the debris from filling the sanding belt pores, maintaining the sharpness of the abrasive on the sanding belt surface, avoiding the decrease in cutting ability caused by debris adhesion, and ultimately extending the service life of the sanding belt and improving the grinding accuracy.

[0015] 3. Through the cooperation of pressure sensor, controller and stepper motor, pressure sensor monitors the pressure inside sanding belt in real time and transmits the data to controller. The controller accurately controls the rotation angle of stepper motor according to the pressure value, drives transmission rod to adjust tension, realizes graded and precise adjustment of tension, avoids overstretching or loosening, and ultimately ensures that the sanding pressure is always in the optimal range. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the first rack, connecting rod and pressure sensor of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the mounting frame, the roller frame, and the spring of this utility model.

[0020] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1-base, 101-extension arm, 2-rotating roller, 3-connecting arm, 4-sand belt, 5-motor, 501-transmission rod, 502-gear set, 6-first gear, 601-second gear, 7-first rack, 8-connecting rod, 9-second rack, 10-mounting frame, 11-roller frame, 12-spring, 13-pressure sensor, 14-brush roller, 15-collection frame, 16-lighting lamp, 17-moving wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but this does not limit the scope of protection and application of the present invention.

[0022] Example: A grinding device based on adaptive wear compensation of abrasive belts, such as... Figures 1-4 As shown, the device includes a base 1, rotating rollers 2, connecting arms 3, sanding belt 4, brush roller 14, tensioning assembly, and adjusting assembly. Four connecting arms 3 are rotatably connected to the upper part of the base 1. Two rotating rollers 2 are installed inside the base 1. One rotating roller 2 is rotatably connected to the forward-extending end of each of the two connecting arms 3. The sanding belt 4 is sleeved on all four rotating rollers 2. The two rotating rollers 2 connected inside the base 1 are provided with driving force to drive the sanding belt 4 to rotate. A brush roller 14 is installed at the forward-extending end of every two connecting arms 3. The brush roller 14 contacts the outer side of the sanding belt 4. An adjusting assembly is slidably connected to the front upper part of the base 1. The base 1 is provided with a tensioning assembly.

[0023] like Figures 1-4As shown, the tensioning assembly includes an extension arm 101, a motor 5, a transmission rod 501, a gear set 502, a first gear 6, a first rack 7, and a connecting rod 8. The motor 5 is mounted on the top of the base 1. Four extension arms 101 are connected to the upper front side of the base 1. The first rack 7 is slidably connected inside each extension arm 101. Two transmission rods 501 are rotatably connected to the base 1. A gear set 502 is arranged between the two transmission rods 501. The top of one transmission rod 501 is connected to the motor 5. Both ends of the transmission rod 501 are... A first gear 6 is connected, which meshes with a first rack 7. One end of a connecting rod 8 is rotatably connected to the first rack 7, and the other end of the connecting rod 8 is rotatably connected to a connecting arm 3. It should be noted that the motor 5 is a stepper motor that can control the rotation angle of the output shaft. The two transmission rods 501 are driven to rotate in opposite directions through the transmission rod 501 and the gear set 502, which drives the first gear 6 to rotate and drives the first rack 7 to slide. Then, the connecting arm 3 is pulled outward through the connecting rod 8, and the sanding belt 4 is stretched laterally to increase the tension.

[0024] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the adjustment assembly includes a second gear 601, a second rack 9, a mounting frame 10, a roller frame 11, a spring 12, and a pressure sensor 13. The mounting frame 10 is slidably connected to the upper front side of the base 1. The second gear 601 is connected to both the upper and lower ends of the transmission rod 501, and the second gear 601 engages with the first gear 6. The second rack 9 is connected to both the upper and lower ends of the left and right sides of the mounting frame 10, and the second gear 601 meshes with the second rack 9. The second rack 9 and the first rack 7 are located on the left and right sides of the transmission rod 501, respectively. A pressure sensor 13 is installed inside the mounting frame 10. The pressure sensor 13 monitors the pressure inside the sanding belt 4 in real time. After the data is transmitted to the controller, the controller controls the rotation angle of the motor 5 according to the pressure value to realize closed-loop adjustment of the tension. The mounting frame 10 is slidably connected to the roller frame 11. The rear end of the roller frame 11 is squeezed and engaged with the pressure sensor 13. A spring 12 is sleeved on the rear end of the roller frame 11. One end of the spring 12 is connected to the roller frame 11, and the other end is connected to the front end of the pressure sensor 13. Several rollers are rotatably connected to the front side of the roller frame 11. The front end of the roller frame 11 is squeezed and engaged with the inside of the sanding belt 4.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a collection box 15, which is connected to the front side of the middle part of the base 1.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes lighting lamps 16, with lighting lamps 16 installed on the left and right sides of the middle part of the base 1.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes casters 17, which are installed on the bottom of the base 1.

[0028] The worker gradually brings the material to be processed close to the surface of the high-speed rotating sanding belt 4, which maintains a constant linear speed under the drive of the rotating roller 2. When the material comes into contact with the sanding belt 4, an initial clamping force is applied manually or mechanically, and the abrasive particles on the surface of the sanding belt 4 begin to cut the material surface, removing protrusions or uneven areas. During this stage, the sanding belt 4 maintains normal tension, the roller holder 11 remains in its original position due to the lack of pressure, and the brush roller 14 continuously and lightly touches the surface of the sanding belt 4 to prevent debris accumulation.

[0029] As the grinding depth increases, workers need to continuously push the material backward to maintain processing efficiency. When the clamping force exceeds the set threshold, the material pushes the roller frame 11 to move inward toward the sanding belt 4. The support roller at the front end of the roller frame 11 contacts the inner arc surface of the sanding belt 4 to form auxiliary support, preventing the sanding belt 4 from bending excessively due to excessive local pressure. At this time, the roller frame 11 compresses the spring 12 during its backward movement. The elastic deformation of the spring 12 generates a reverse supporting force, forming a dynamic balance with the clamping force.

[0030] When the compression of spring 12 continues to increase, causing a noticeable bend in the front of the sanding belt 4, the rear end of the roller frame 11 contacts the pressure sensor 13. The sensor transmits real-time pressure data to the controller, and the system determines that the tension of the sanding belt 4 is insufficient. The controller immediately starts the motor 5, which drives the two transmission rods 501 to rotate in opposite directions through the transmission rods 501 and the gear set 502, thereby driving the first gear set 502 to rotate. The first gear 6 drives the first rack 7 to slide along the extension arm 101, pulling the connecting rod 8 to unfold the connecting arms 3 on both sides outward. The rotating roller 2 at the front end of the connecting arm 3 then separates, stretching the sanding belt 4 laterally to increase the tension.

[0031] During tension adjustment, the second gear 601 synchronously drives the second rack 9 to move backward, causing the mounting frame 10 and the roller guide 11 to slide backward as a whole, gradually disengaging the roller guide 11 from the inner arc surface of the sanding belt 4. If the pressure sensor 13 detects that the pressure value has fallen back to a reasonable range after adjustment, the spring 12 rebounds and pushes the roller guide 11 to reset, the controller cuts off the power to the motor 5, and the transmission rod 501 rotates in the opposite direction through the gear set 502 to reset the mechanism. If the pressure continues to exceed the limit, such as when the sanding belt 4 is severely worn or the machining allowance is too large, the system will repeatedly execute the above steps, further stretching the sanding belt 4 by increasing the rotation angle of the motor 5 until the pressure value meets the machining requirements.

[0032] During the polishing process, the brush roller 14 remains in contact with the outer surface of the sanding belt 4, scraping away debris adhering to the texture of the sanding belt 4 by rotating in the opposite direction. The cleaned powder falls into the collection frame 15 on the front side of the base 1 under the influence of gravity. The bottom casters 17 of the equipment provide movement, and the central lighting 16 provides auxiliary lighting for the operating area to ensure visibility of the processing.

[0033] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A grinding device based on adaptive wear compensation of abrasive belts, characterized in that: The device includes a base (1), on which four connecting arms (3) are rotatably connected. Two rotating rollers (2) are installed inside the base (1). One of the two connecting arms (3) is rotatably connected to a rotating roller (2) at the forward-extending end. The four rotating rollers (2) are fitted together with the sanding belt (4). A brush roller (14) is installed at the forward-extending end of every two connecting arms (3). The brush roller (14) contacts the outer side of the sanding belt (4). The base (1) is provided with a tensioning component for tensioning the sanding belt (4). An adjusting component for automatically adjusting the tension of the sanding belt (4) is slidably connected to the upper part of the base (1).

2. The grinding equipment based on adaptive wear compensation of abrasive belt as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning assembly includes a connecting rod (8), a motor (5) is mounted on the top of the base (1), four extension arms (101) are connected to the upper front side of the base (1), a first rack (7) is slidably connected inside the extension arm (101), two transmission rods (501) are rotatably connected to the base (1), a gear set (502) is provided between the two transmission rods (501), the top of one of the transmission rods (501) is connected to the motor (5), the upper and lower ends of the transmission rod (501) are connected to the first gear (6), the first gear (6) meshes with the first rack (7), one end of the connecting rod (8) is rotatably connected to the first rack (7), and the other end of the connecting rod (8) is rotatably connected to the connecting arm (3).

3. A grinding device based on adaptive wear compensation of abrasive belt as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a pressure sensor (13). A mounting frame (10) is slidably connected to the upper front side of the base (1). A second gear (601) is connected to both the upper and lower ends of the transmission rod (501). The second gear (601) meshes with the first gear (6). A second rack (9) is connected to both the upper and lower ends of the left and right sides of the mounting frame (10). The second gear (601) meshes with the second rack (9). The second rack (9) and the first rack (7) are located on the left and right sides of the transmission rod (501), respectively. The pressure sensor (13) is installed in the mounting frame (10). A roller frame (11) is slidably connected in the mounting frame (10). The rear end of the roller frame (11) is pressed against the pressure sensor (13). A spring (12) is sleeved on the rear end of the roller frame (11). One end of the spring (12) is connected to the roller frame (11), and the other end is connected to the front end of the pressure sensor (13). Several rollers are rotatably connected to the front side of the roller frame (11). The front end of the roller frame (11) is pressed against the inner side of the sand belt (4).

4. A grinding device based on adaptive wear compensation of abrasive belt as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A collection frame (15) is connected to the front side of the middle part of the base (1).

5. A grinding device based on adaptive wear compensation of abrasive belt as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Lighting lamps (16) are installed on the left and right sides of the middle part of the base (1).

6. A grinding device based on adaptive wear compensation of abrasive belt as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The base (1) is equipped with casters (17) at its bottom.

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