Woodworking planer-milling machine arbor arrangement

Abstract

This utility model discloses a cutter shaft arrangement structure for a woodworking planer and milling machine, including a machine body. An inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft and a horizontal lower cutter shaft are spaced apart at the front end of the machine body's worktable, and are on the same horizontal plane. The angle α between the inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft and the horizontal lower cutter shaft is 25°–40°. A first upper cutter shaft and a second upper cutter shaft are spaced apart above the rear end of the machine body's worktable, and are spatially parallel to the horizontal lower cutter shaft. A front right vertical cutter shaft, a front left vertical cutter shaft, a rear right vertical cutter shaft, and a rear left vertical cutter shaft are vertically arranged in the middle section of the machine body's worktable. A damping spring and a spring cap are radially embedded in the cutter shaft rod of the horizontal lower cutter shaft, with the spring cap located on the outer end of the damping spring. This woodworking planer and milling machine cutter shaft arrangement structure has the advantages of high planing accuracy and effective reduction of planing vibration, making it particularly suitable for high-speed planing and milling of short pieces of wood.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a woodworking milling machine, and more particularly to a four-sided milling machine capable of high-speed milling of short pieces of wood. Background Technology

[0002] Woodworking milling machines are woodworking machines used to plan the surface of finished rough wood. Four-sided milling machines are the most widely used and efficient. Existing four-sided woodworking milling machines mainly include a horizontal cutter shaft for mounting horizontal cutters and a vertical cutter shaft for mounting vertical cutters. The wood is fed sequentially through the lower cutter, right vertical cutter, left vertical cutter, and upper cutter. This type of milling machine with four cutters only performs one planing pass on the wood surface. The cutter depth is large, resulting in poor planing accuracy. This inevitably leads to a large amount of finger-jointed board processing after shaping, resulting in wood waste. It not only reduces wood utilization but also restricts the feed speed of the wood planing, thus reducing the production efficiency of woodworking milling machines.

[0003] In existing woodworking four-sided planing and milling machines, the planer blades are arranged parallel to the width of the wood being planed. On the one hand, the lower surface of the wood being planed serves as the reference surface for subsequent planing steps. The reference surface formed by single-sided planing is relatively rough, resulting in large planing deviations and inaccurate positioning in subsequent planing, making it difficult to achieve dimensionally clean wood. On the other hand, the lower planer blades, arranged parallel to the width, suddenly contact the wood across its entire width during planing. The wood being planed is fed continuously in multiple pieces along the planing path, resulting in continuous impact milling between the blades and multiple pieces of wood. This impact frequency is even higher, especially when planing short pieces of wood at high feed rates. This not only causes head-biting at the wood head, reducing planing accuracy and wood planing smoothness, but also hinders tool life extension and chip removal, making vibration unavoidable. High-speed planing can easily cause tool cracks and chipping, reducing tool durability.

[0004] Because wood is not a homogeneous material, it has knots, grain, and varying hardness. These variations in wood texture, coupled with the rigid planing contact between the planer and the wood, can easily cause the planer to vibrate and the feed roller to shake. This results in repeated planing on the wood surface, causing unevenness and affecting both planing accuracy and efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned differences in the existing technology, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a woodworking milling machine cutter shaft arrangement structure with high planing accuracy and effective reduction of planing vibration.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention relates to a woodworking planer and milling machine cutter shaft arrangement structure, comprising a machine body. An inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft and a horizontal lower cutter shaft are spaced apart at the front end of the machine body's worktable, and the inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft and the horizontal lower cutter shaft are on the same horizontal plane, with an angle α between the inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft and the horizontal lower cutter shaft of 25°–40°. Above the rear end of the machine body's worktable, a first upper cutter shaft and a second upper cutter shaft are spaced apart, and the first upper cutter shaft, the second upper cutter shaft, and the horizontal lower cutter shaft are spatially parallel to each other. At the middle section of the machine body's worktable, a front right vertical cutter shaft, a front left vertical cutter shaft, a rear right vertical cutter shaft, and a rear left vertical cutter shaft are vertically arranged.

[0007] Furthermore, the inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft and the horizontal lower cutter shaft are located below the wood feed channel, the first upper cutter shaft and the second upper cutter shaft are located above the wood feed channel, the front right vertical cutter shaft and the rear right vertical cutter shaft are located on the right side of the wood feed channel, and the front left vertical cutter shaft and the rear left vertical cutter shaft are located on the left side of the wood feed channel.

[0008] Furthermore, the inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft, the horizontal lower cutter shaft, the front right vertical cutter shaft, the front left vertical cutter shaft, the rear right vertical cutter shaft, the rear left vertical cutter shaft, the first upper cutter shaft, and the second upper cutter shaft are all driven by corresponding cutter shaft motors.

[0009] Furthermore, the first upper cutter shaft, the second upper cutter shaft, the inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft and / or the horizontal lower cutter shaft include corresponding cutter shaft rods, and the cutter shaft rods are radially fitted with shock-absorbing springs and spring top covers, the spring top covers being located on the outer end side of the shock-absorbing springs.

[0010] Furthermore, the cutter shaft rod has at least two cross sections with damping springs and spring caps embedded therein, and four damping springs and four spring caps embedded in the same cross section, with each damping spring corresponding to one spring cap.

[0011] Furthermore, the cutter shaft is a conical shaft with a cone angle β = 4°–6°.

[0012] Furthermore, the top surface of the spring cover is a conical surface; the shock-absorbing spring is a disc spring.

[0013] After adopting the above technical solution, since there are two lower cutter shafts, an inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft and a horizontal lower cutter shaft, at the front end of the worktable, and these two lower cutter shafts are not parallel, but inclined to each other with an included angle α = 25°-40°, the two lower cutter shafts at the front end of the worktable can perform rough planing and fine planing on the lower surface of the wood respectively. This not only reduces the amount of planing in one step, ensuring the flatness of the lower surface of the wood, but also improves the positioning accuracy of subsequent wood planing; in particular, the planer blade on the inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft actually contacts the wood gradually along the inclined planing line, making the contact between the planer blade and the wood very stable, avoiding impact and vibration between the two, which not only improves the planing quality, but also helps to improve the durability and service life of the planer blade. Especially when the cutter shaft adopts a shock-absorbing spring structure, the shock-absorbing structure can effectively reduce vibration, avoid the impact of planing vibration on planing accuracy, meet the high-precision wood planing requirements of short and small materials, and this shock-absorbing structure is also conducive to reducing the wear rate of the planer, extending the service life and accuracy of the planer, and ensuring its long-term stable operation.

[0014] Furthermore, because the wood feed channel on the machine's worktable for planing is formed by eight cutter shafts, with two cutter shafts arranged on each planing plane, this design not only helps reduce the amount of cutting material on each cutter shaft on each planing plane, reducing planing vibration and improving planing accuracy, but also allows for individual drive of each cutter shaft by a corresponding motor. Each cutter shaft can be individually adjusted and optimized, thereby improving overall processing efficiency. Individual drive also reduces the interdependence between multiple cutter shaft components, lowering the probability of equipment failure. Individually driven cutters can achieve more refined processing results through precise control. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The cutter shaft arrangement structure of the woodworking milling machine of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural view of a specific embodiment of the tool shaft arrangement structure of the woodworking planer and milling machine of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A top-down view of the structure;

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the central cutter shaft;

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of section A-A;

[0020] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Structural diagram of the spring top cover;

[0021] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A-direction view.

[0022] In the diagram, 1—machine body; 2—slanted horizontal lower cutter shaft; 3—horizontal lower cutter shaft; 4—side pressure device; 5—front left vertical cutter shaft; 6—rear left vertical cutter shaft; 7—feeding roller; 8—feeding roller drive shaft; 9—second upper cutter shaft; 10—first upper cutter shaft; 11—rear right vertical cutter shaft; 12—front right vertical cutter shaft; 13—cutter shaft motor; 14—cutter shaft rod; 15—spring top cover; 16—shock-absorbing spring; 17—cutter locking bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0023] like Figure 1 The woodworking planer and milling machine shown has a cutter shaft arrangement structure. The machine body 1 has a worktable for supporting the planed wood. At the front end of the worktable of the machine body 1, a horizontally inclined cutter shaft 2 and a horizontally inclined cutter shaft 3 are arranged alternately. Above the rear end of the worktable of the machine body 1, a first upper cutter shaft 10 and a second upper cutter shaft 9 are arranged alternately. The first upper cutter shaft 10 and the second upper cutter shaft 9, which are on the same planing plane, are parallel to the horizontally inclined cutter shaft 3 in space. The horizontally inclined cutter shaft 3 and the horizontally inclined cutter shaft 2 are on the same planing plane, and their axis lines intersect each other. At the middle section of the worktable of the machine body 1, a front right vertical cutter shaft 12, a front left vertical cutter shaft 5, a rear right vertical cutter shaft 11, and a rear left vertical cutter shaft 6 are vertically arranged. The wood feed channel is located within the space enclosed by the vertical planing surfaces of the front right vertical cutter shaft 12 and the rear right vertical cutter shaft 11, the vertical planing surfaces of the front left vertical cutter shaft 5 and the rear left cutter shaft 6, the horizontal planing surfaces of the inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft 2 and the horizontal lower cutter shaft 3, and the horizontal planing surfaces of the first upper cutter shaft 10 and the second upper cutter shaft 9.

[0024] Two sets of side pressure devices 4 are also installed on the worktable of the machine body 1. The two sets of side pressure devices 4 correspond to the front right vertical cutter shaft 12 and the rear right vertical cutter shaft 11 respectively. The side pressure devices 4 can press the planed wood into the front right vertical cutter shaft 12 and the rear right vertical cutter shaft 11.

[0025] Several feeding rollers 7 are also rotatably installed on the worktable of the machine body 1. Each feeding roller 7 is connected to the drive source through the corresponding feeding roller drive shaft 8.

[0026] like Figure 2As shown, the first upper cutter shaft 10 and the second upper cutter shaft 9, which are arranged parallel to each other, are located above the rear end of the worktable surface of the machine body 1. Both the first upper cutter shaft 10 and the second upper cutter shaft 9 are driven by corresponding cutter shaft motors 13, which are fixedly mounted on the machine body 1 via corresponding motor mounts. The front right vertical cutter shaft 12 and the rear right vertical cutter shaft 11 are located in the same vertical plane. The front right vertical cutter shaft 12 and the rear vertical cutter shaft 11 are also connected to their corresponding cutter shaft motors 13, which are fixedly mounted on the machine body 1. The front left vertical cutter shaft 5 and the rear left vertical cutter shaft 6 are also connected to their corresponding cutter shaft motors 13, which are also fixedly mounted on the machine body 1 via corresponding motor mounts. The horizontal lower cutter shaft 3 is spatially parallel to the first upper cutter shaft 10 and the second upper cutter shaft 9, all arranged along the width of the worktable (or wood feed channel). The horizontal lower cutter shaft 3 is also connected to its cutter shaft motor 13, which is mounted on the machine body 1 via a motor mount. The inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft 2 is arranged at an angle to the horizontal lower cutter shaft 3, with an angle α = 30° between their axes. This angle α should be controlled between 30° and 40°. The inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft 2 is also connected to its corresponding cutter shaft motor 13, which is also fixedly mounted on the machine body 1 via a motor mount.

[0027] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first upper cutter shaft 10, the second upper cutter shaft 9, the inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft 2, and the horizontal lower cutter shaft 3 all adopt the same structure. The first upper cutter shaft 10, the second upper cutter shaft 9, the inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft 2, and the horizontal lower cutter shaft 3 all include a corresponding cutter shaft rod 14. The cutter shaft rod 14 for mounting the planer blade is rotatably supported on the cutter shaft support. The cutter shaft support is fixedly installed on the machine body 1. The cutter shaft rod 14 is connected to the cutter shaft motor 13 through a belt drive pair. The cutter shaft motor 13 is also fixedly installed on the machine body 1.

[0028] The cutter shaft 14 includes a mandrel section for mounting a milling cutter. This mandrel section is a conical cylindrical surface with a cone angle β = 4°, preferably β = 3°–5°. A tool locking bolt 17 is screwed onto the front end of the mandrel section, which presses the milling cutter onto the mandrel section of the cutter shaft 14. Twelve radially arranged damping springs 16 are embedded in the mandrel section of the cutter shaft 14. These twelve damping springs 16 are located on three sections of the mandrel section of the cutter shaft 14. Each section has four spring mounting holes at two mutually perpendicular diameter ends, forming a pairwise opposing damping structure. One damping spring 16 is installed in each spring mounting hole, and a spring cap 15 is installed at the outer end of each damping spring 16. The damping springs 16 are stacked disc springs.

[0029] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the spring top cover 15 includes a guide rod portion at the lower end and a top cover portion. The guide rod portion is inserted into the core hole of the disc spring. The top cover portion is round, and the top surface of the top cover portion is a conical surface. This conical surface is located on the conical cylindrical surface where the core shaft section of the cutter shaft rod 14 is located.

[0030] The above are some preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still improve and replace the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments. For example, the mandrel section of the cutter shaft rod used to mount the milling cutter can be either a conical cylindrical surface or a cylindrical surface; or a portion of the mandrel section of the cutter shaft rod can be a conical cylindrical surface, and another portion can be a cylindrical surface. The cutter shaft rod is not limited to having damping structures embedded in three cross sections, but can also have damping structures embedded in two, four, or more cross sections. It is not limited to having four damping structures embedded in the same cross section. As long as the structure of the inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft and the horizontal lower cutter shaft is adopted, it falls within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A cutter shaft arrangement structure for a woodworking planer and milling machine, comprising a machine body (1), characterized in that: The machine body (1) has a horizontally inclined lower cutter shaft (2) and a horizontally inclined lower cutter shaft (3) spaced apart at the front end of the worktable. The horizontally inclined lower cutter shaft (2) and the horizontally inclined lower cutter shaft (3) are on the same horizontal plane. The angle α between the horizontally inclined lower cutter shaft (2) and the horizontally inclined lower cutter shaft (3) is 25°-40°. The machine body (1) has a first upper cutter shaft (10) and a second upper cutter shaft (9) spaced apart above the rear end of the worktable. The first upper cutter shaft (10), the second upper cutter shaft (9) and the horizontally inclined lower cutter shaft (3) are parallel to each other in space. The machine body (1) has a front right vertical cutter shaft (12), a front left vertical cutter shaft (5), a rear right vertical cutter shaft (11) and a rear left vertical cutter shaft (6) vertically arranged in the middle section of the worktable.

2. The woodworking planer and milling machine cutter shaft arrangement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft (2) and the horizontal lower cutter shaft (3) are located below the wood feed channel, the first upper cutter shaft (10) and the second upper cutter shaft (9) are located above the wood feed channel, the front right vertical cutter shaft (12) and the rear right vertical cutter shaft (11) are located on the right side of the wood feed channel, and the front left vertical cutter shaft (5) and the rear left vertical cutter shaft (6) are located on the left side of the wood feed channel.

3. The woodworking planer and milling machine cutter shaft arrangement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft (2), horizontal lower cutter shaft (3), front right vertical cutter shaft (12), front left vertical cutter shaft (5), rear right vertical cutter shaft (11), rear left vertical cutter shaft (6), first upper cutter shaft (10) and second upper cutter shaft (9) are all driven by the corresponding cutter shaft motor (13).

4. The woodworking planer and milling machine cutter shaft arrangement structure according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The first upper cutter shaft (10), the second upper cutter shaft (9), the inclined horizontal lower cutter shaft (2) or / and the horizontal lower cutter shaft (3) include a corresponding cutter shaft rod (14), and the cutter shaft rod (14) is radially fitted with a shock-absorbing spring (16) and a spring top cover (15), the spring top cover (15) being located on the outer end side of the shock-absorbing spring (16).

5. The woodworking milling machine cutter shaft arrangement structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cutter shaft rod (14) has at least two sections with shock-absorbing springs (16) and spring top covers (15) embedded in them. Four shock-absorbing springs (16) and four spring top covers (15) are embedded in the same section. Each shock-absorbing spring (16) corresponds to a spring top cover (15).

6. The woodworking milling machine cutter shaft arrangement structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cutter shaft (14) is a conical shaft with a cone angle β = 4°–6°.

7. The woodworking milling machine cutter shaft arrangement structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top surface of the spring top cover (15) is a conical surface; the shock-absorbing spring (16) is a disc spring.

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