Hydrogen energy heavy truck hydrogen supply and heat dissipation integrated system with optimized layout

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of transport vehicles, concretely relates to a hydrogen energy heavy truck hydrogen supply and heat dissipation integrated system of optimized layout. Including hydrogen storage frame, a plurality of hydrogen cylinders, radiator and deflector. Hydrogen storage frame is L shape structure, a plurality of hydrogen cylinders are arranged in the inside of frame in L type;Radiator is located at the L shape gap of frame back, and the frame keeps the distance of predeterminated distance;Deflector is fixed in the junction of frame and container, and the outlet airflow of radiator is guided to the predeterminated direction. The utility model discloses through L shape hydrogen storage frame, and the radiator is accurately placed in the gap, and both make full use of the idle space, and greatly increase the distance between radiator and container. The directional guidance airflow of cooperation deflector solves the problem of low heat dissipation efficiency of radiator in traditional layout, makes hot air to discharge quickly and smoothly, avoids heat retention and back suction. At the same time, L shape frame provides reasonable arrangement space for hydrogen cylinder, guarantees hydrogen supply stability, reduces component interference, improves system integration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of transportation vehicles, and particularly relates to a hydrogen supply and heat dissipation integrated system for a hydrogen energy heavy truck with an optimized layout. Background Art

[0002] In the field of new energy commercial vehicles, hydrogen energy heavy trucks have become one of the core equipment for promoting the green transformation of the transportation industry due to their advantages such as zero emissions, long driving range, and fast refueling speed. As key components of hydrogen energy heavy trucks, the layout rationality of the hydrogen supply system and the heat dissipation system directly determines the operating efficiency, safety, and reliability of the whole vehicle. The hydrogen supply system needs to ensure the safe storage and stable supply of hydrogen fuel, while the heat dissipation system needs to timely remove the heat generated by the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack and related components, avoiding the influence of high-temperature environment on the system performance and even causing safety hazards. Therefore, the integrated design and optimized layout of the two have become the key research directions in the industry.

[0003] Currently, there are obvious technical bottlenecks in the layout of the hydrogen supply and heat dissipation systems of hydrogen energy heavy trucks. In the existing technology, there are mainly two mainstream forms of radiator arrangement. One is to install it on the top of the cab. Although this method can obtain a relatively open heat dissipation space, it will significantly increase the height and wind resistance of the whole vehicle, resulting in increased driving energy consumption. At the same time, in the engineering transportation scenario, the flying of goods and materials is very likely to directly impact the radiator, causing blockage or structural damage, seriously affecting the heat dissipation function. Another more common arrangement method is to place the radiator behind the hydrogen storage frame (hydrogen frame). However, traditional hydrogen storage frames mostly adopt closed or compact structures such as the "day" character, making the distance between the radiator and the cargo box too close, the hot gas discharge channel narrow, and the heat dissipation air flow easily stagnate locally, resulting in a significant decrease in heat dissipation efficiency and unable to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. At the same time, the space utilization rate of traditional hydrogen storage frames is low, and the hydrogen cylinders are arranged densely, which not only limits the installation position and size of the radiator, but may also cause vibration interference and other problems due to too small component spacing. Without an effective air flow guiding structure, it further aggravates the phenomena of heat dissipation air flow disorder and heat back suction, seriously restricting the performance of the whole vehicle of hydrogen energy heavy trucks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a hydrogen supply and heat dissipation integrated system for a hydrogen energy heavy truck with an optimized layout, so as to solve the problems of low heat dissipation efficiency of the radiator, easy retention and back suction of hot gas, unreasonable arrangement of hydrogen cylinders, and poor space utilization rate in the layout of the traditional hydrogen supply and heat dissipation systems of hydrogen energy heavy trucks.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted.

[0006] An optimized layout integrated hydrogen supply and heat dissipation system for hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks includes: a hydrogen storage frame, multiple hydrogen cylinders, a radiator, and a guide plate; the hydrogen storage frame has an L-shaped structure; the multiple hydrogen cylinders are arranged in an L-shape inside the hydrogen storage frame; the radiator is arranged at an L-shaped notch on the back of the hydrogen storage frame and maintains a preset distance from the hydrogen storage frame; the guide plate is fixedly installed on the hydrogen storage frame and located at the connection between the hydrogen storage frame and the cargo box of the hydrogen-powered heavy-duty truck, and is used to guide the airflow from the radiator outlet to be discharged in a preset direction.

[0007] Optionally, the system is arranged between the cab and the cargo box of the hydrogen-powered heavy truck, and the radiator is arranged between the hydrogen storage frame and the cargo box.

[0008] Optionally, the radiator is connected to the hydrogen storage frame via a mounting bracket.

[0009] Optionally, the guide plate is a plate-shaped structure, and the guide surface of the guide plate is inclined upward to guide the airflow from the radiator outlet to be discharged obliquely upward in the direction of the cargo box, so that the airflow is away from the water-cooled unit of the hydrogen-powered heavy truck.

[0010] Optionally, the hydrogen storage frame is an L-shaped structure including an upper frame and a lower frame located below it. The width of the lower frame is greater than the width of the upper frame, and the first end of the lower frame away from the upper frame is close to the cargo box. The guide plate is installed at the upper corner of the first end of the lower frame.

[0011] Optionally, the plurality of hydrogen cylinders includes four hydrogen cylinders arranged in an L-shape within the hydrogen storage frame.

[0012] Optionally, three of the four hydrogen cylinders are placed vertically, and the third hydrogen cylinder is positioned to one side of the three hydrogen cylinders and is inclined along the center line connecting the bottom hydrogen cylinder, close to the radiator.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] This invention utilizes an innovative L-shaped hydrogen storage frame design, precisely positioning the radiator at the L-shaped notch on the back of the frame. This design fully utilizes unused space and significantly increases the distance between the radiator and the cargo box. Combined with a deflector to directionally guide airflow, it completely solves the core problem of low radiator cooling efficiency in traditional layouts, allowing hot air to be quickly and smoothly discharged in a predetermined direction, effectively preventing heat retention and backflow. The L-shaped hydrogen storage frame also provides reasonable space for the hydrogen cylinders, with multiple cylinders arranged in an orderly L-shape. This ensures stable hydrogen supply while reducing the risk of interference between components and improving system integration. Positioning the entire system between the cab and the cargo box further optimizes the vehicle's space allocation, placing the radiator in a better ventilation environment. The radiator is connected to the hydrogen storage frame via mounting brackets, enhancing installation stability and preventing structural damage caused by vibration during driving. The plate-shaped air deflector features an upward-sloping design, precisely guiding hot air towards the upper part of the cargo box, fundamentally preventing hot air from being drawn into the water-cooled unit and ensuring its cooling efficiency. The upper and lower structure of the L-shaped hydrogen storage frame, with the lower frame wider than the upper one, combined with the air deflector's installation position at the upper corner of the first end of the lower frame, further optimizes the airflow guidance path. The specific arrangement of the four hydrogen cylinders, especially the combination of three vertically placed and one inclined arrangement, achieves efficient arrangement of hydrogen cylinders within a limited space. The inclined hydrogen cylinders, close to the radiator, do not affect the heat dissipation effect and further improve space utilization, ensuring the compactness and safety of the hydrogen supply system, and enhancing the overall performance of the hydrogen-powered heavy truck in multiple dimensions. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an optimized layout integrated hydrogen supply and heat dissipation system for a hydrogen-powered heavy-duty truck according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an application scenario of the optimized layout of the hydrogen energy heavy-duty truck hydrogen supply and heat dissipation integrated system of this utility model.

[0017] The components include: 1. Radiator; 2. Hydrogen cylinder; 3. Deflector plate; 4. Hydrogen storage frame; 5. Cab; 6. Cargo box; 7. Water-cooled unit. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0019] The following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further detailed explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terminology used in this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in the field of new energy construction machinery, the integrated layout of the hydrogen supply and cooling systems of hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks has a decisive impact on the overall vehicle performance. With the continuous expansion of applications for hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks, problems such as low heat dissipation efficiency and poor space utilization in traditional layouts are becoming increasingly prominent, directly restricting the vehicle's range and operational stability. This integrated system addresses these core issues by optimizing the structure and relative positions of various components to achieve efficient synergy between hydrogen supply and cooling functions, while also ensuring space compactness and operational safety.

[0021] The overall layout of the integrated system fully considers the structural characteristics of hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks, placing it in the area between the cab 5 and the cargo box 6. This area is a relatively independent and spacious section of the vehicle, neither encroaching on the operating space of the cab 5 nor affecting the load-bearing capacity of the cargo box 6. It also provides good ventilation for all system components, avoiding the increased wind resistance and cargo impact risk associated with placing the radiator 1 at the top of the cab 5. Within this area, all components are integrated and installed around the hydrogen storage frame 4, forming a compact and functionally independent modular unit. This facilitates later installation, maintenance, and replacement, while reducing the probability of interference between components and other vehicle systems.

[0022] The hydrogen storage frame 4, serving as the foundation of the entire system, adopts an L-shaped structure design. This design is not merely a simple change in shape, but a precise optimization based on space utilization and functional adaptation. It consists of an upper frame and a lower frame, with the lower frame being wider than the upper frame. This dimensional difference naturally creates an L-shaped notch at the back of the frame, providing dedicated space for the installation of the radiator 1 and facilitating the layered arrangement of the hydrogen tanks 2. The frame is made of a high-strength, lightweight alloy, effectively reducing its weight while ensuring sufficient load-bearing capacity, meeting the requirements of vehicle lightweighting. All connections within the frame are secured using a combination of welding and bolting to ensure structural stability. Additionally, buffer structures are incorporated in areas contacting the hydrogen tanks 2 and radiator 1 to absorb vibrations generated during vehicle operation and prevent damage from rigid collisions.

[0023] Multiple hydrogen cylinders 2 are integrated inside the hydrogen storage frame 4 in an L-shaped arrangement. This arrangement maximizes the use of the internal space of the L-shaped frame and avoids redundant gaps between the hydrogen cylinders 2. Specifically, there are four hydrogen cylinders 2. Three of them are arranged vertically along the length of the upper frame, with their axes perpendicular to the ground. This arrangement facilitates the installation and fixation of the hydrogen cylinders 2 and also promotes stable hydrogen fuel output. The fourth hydrogen cylinder 2 is located to one side of the three vertical hydrogen cylinders 2, with its axis inclined to the center line connecting the bottom vertical hydrogen cylinder 2, and is positioned close to the radiator 1. This inclined arrangement is not arbitrary; it further compresses the lateral space occupied by the hydrogen cylinders 2 while ensuring that the airflow of the radiator 1 is not affected, so that the four hydrogen cylinders 2 form a compact L-shaped whole, which ensures the hydrogen storage capacity and provides sufficient heat dissipation space for the radiator 1. The hydrogen cylinder 2 is fixed to the hydrogen storage frame 4 by an arc-shaped clamp. An elastic buffer layer is provided on the inner side of the clamp, which can not only achieve reliable positioning of the hydrogen cylinder 2, but also effectively buffer vibration and prevent damage to the surface of the hydrogen cylinder 2 due to friction.

[0024] The arrangement of radiator 1 is crucial for improving the overall system's heat dissipation efficiency. It is precisely installed at the L-shaped notch on the back of the hydrogen storage frame 4, in the area between the hydrogen storage frame 4 and the cargo box 6. This position fully utilizes the space in front of the cargo box 6 while avoiding the problem of heat stagnation caused by the radiator 1 being too close to the cargo box 6 in traditional layouts. A certain preset distance is maintained between radiator 1 and hydrogen storage frame 4. This distance is set primarily for two core purposes: first, to prevent the vibration generated by radiator 1 during operation from being directly transmitted to hydrogen storage frame 4, preventing abnormal noise or structural damage caused by vibration interference between components; second, to provide sufficient airflow channels, ensuring that cool air can smoothly enter the interior of radiator 1 for heat exchange. To achieve stable installation of radiator 1, a specially designed mounting bracket is used for connection. One end of the mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the crossbeam of hydrogen storage frame 4, and the other end is fastened to the frame of radiator 1 with bolts. The bracket itself has a certain degree of rigidity and toughness, which can adapt to slight deformation during vehicle operation. At the same time, the length of the bracket can be finely adjusted according to actual installation needs to ensure the precise installation position of radiator 1. The selection of radiator 1 must match the heat dissipation requirements of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. Its core function is to absorb and dissipate the heat generated during the operation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack into the atmosphere in a timely manner. There is no need to add an extra cooling fan. Efficient heat dissipation can be achieved simply by optimizing the layout and airflow guidance.

[0025] The design and installation of the deflector 3 further optimizes the airflow distribution of the entire vehicle. It adopts a plate-like structure, with its overall material matching the hydrogen storage frame 4, ensuring structural strength while reducing weight. The deflector 3's guiding surface is angled upwards. This angle design, based on airflow dynamics analysis, precisely guides the hot air discharged from the radiator 1 outlet to the upper angle towards the cargo box 6. After being discharged in this direction, the hot air quickly moves away from the vehicle body, effectively avoiding the problem of hot air being sucked into the water-cooled unit 7 in traditional layouts. This ensures that the water-cooled unit 7 always draws in cooler air, maintaining stable cooling efficiency. The deflector 3 is fixed at the connection between the hydrogen storage frame 4 and the cargo box 6, specifically at the upper corner of the first end of the lower frame furthest from the upper frame. This position allows the deflector 3's guiding surface to form an optimal airflow connection with the radiator 1 outlet, while the wider structure of the lower frame provides a stable mounting base for the deflector 3. The guide vane 3 and the hydrogen storage frame 4 are fixed by welding or bolting to ensure that they do not loosen or shift during vehicle operation and maintain a stable flow guiding effect at all times.

[0026] The components of the integrated system form a close functional synergy. The L-shaped structure of the hydrogen storage frame 4 provides an optimized mounting platform for the hydrogen cylinder 2 and the radiator 1. The L-shaped arrangement of the hydrogen cylinder 2 ensures sufficient hydrogen storage capacity while reserving ample space for the radiator 1. The radiator 1 is installed at the L-shaped notch, and the preset distance between it and the frame ensures the airflow channel required for heat dissipation. The guide plate 3, through precise angle design and positioning, directs the hot air discharged from the radiator 1, solving the problem of hot air backflow. The overall system is arranged between the cab 5 and the cargo box 6, placing each component in a position conducive to its function. This avoids interference with other vehicle body systems and achieves efficient integration of hydrogen supply and heat dissipation functions. This integrated layout design not only improves the space utilization of the entire vehicle but also significantly improves heat dissipation efficiency without adding additional heat dissipation equipment through the synergistic effect of the components. At the same time, it ensures the stability and safety of the hydrogen supply system, providing strong support for the reliable operation of hydrogen-powered heavy trucks.

[0027] During actual operation, when the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the hydrogen-powered heavy-duty truck starts working, hydrogen cylinder 2 stably supplies hydrogen fuel to the fuel cell stack through the hydrogen supply pipeline. During this process, the hydrogen storage frame 4 provides stable support for hydrogen cylinder 2, preventing it from shaking due to vehicle vibrations. Simultaneously, the heat generated by the fuel cell stack is transferred to radiator 1 through the circulation pipeline. Cold air enters from the front of radiator 1, exchanges heat with the internal heat dissipation medium, and is then converted into hot air, which is discharged from the back of radiator 1. Guided by the deflector 3, the discharged hot air flows obliquely upwards towards the upper part of the cargo box 6, quickly leaving the vehicle body area and avoiding airflow interference with the air intake of the water-cooled unit 7. Throughout the process, the structural design and placement of each component played a crucial role. The L-shaped hydrogen storage frame 4 achieved compact integration of all components, the reasonable arrangement of hydrogen cylinders 2 ensured safe hydrogen supply, and the optimized installation of radiator 1 and the directional guidance of deflector 3 jointly improved heat dissipation efficiency, making the hydrogen supply and heat dissipation system of the whole vehicle form an organic whole, effectively solving many problems existing in the traditional layout and significantly improving the overall performance of hydrogen-powered heavy trucks.

[0028] The integrated system is designed with various practical application needs in mind. Its structural design balances strength and lightweighting, its component layout achieves a balance between function and space, and its performance enhancements focus on core heat dissipation efficiency and hydrogen supply stability. Through the organic combination of various technical features, it not only meets the basic operational requirements of hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks but also precisely optimizes existing technologies to address their shortcomings, providing more reliable technical support for the widespread application of hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks. Its modular integration also facilitates subsequent technology upgrades and vehicle adaptation; simply adjusting the frame dimensions according to the spatial characteristics of different vehicle models allows for rapid system adaptation, demonstrating strong practicality and promotional value.

[0029] As is known from common technical knowledge, this utility model can be implemented through other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the above-disclosed embodiments are merely illustrative in all respects and are not the only ones. All modifications within the scope of this utility model or its equivalents are included in this utility model.

Claims

1. An optimized layout integrated hydrogen supply and heat dissipation system for hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks, characterized in that, include: The hydrogen storage frame (4), multiple hydrogen cylinders (2), a radiator (1), and a guide plate (3) are provided; the hydrogen storage frame (4) has an L-shaped structure. The multiple hydrogen cylinders (2) are arranged in an L-shape inside the hydrogen storage frame (4); the radiator (1) is arranged at the L-shaped notch on the back of the hydrogen storage frame (4) and maintains a preset distance from the hydrogen storage frame (4); the guide plate (3) is fixedly installed on the hydrogen storage frame (4) and located at the connection between the hydrogen storage frame (4) and the cargo box (6) of the hydrogen-powered heavy truck, and is used to guide the airflow from the outlet of the radiator (1) to be discharged in a preset direction.

2. The optimized layout hydrogen supply and heat dissipation integrated system for hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system is arranged between the cab (5) and the cargo box (6) of the hydrogen-powered heavy truck, and the radiator (1) is arranged between the hydrogen storage frame (4) and the cargo box (6).

3. The optimized layout hydrogen supply and heat dissipation integrated system for hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radiator (1) is connected to the hydrogen storage frame (4) via a mounting bracket.

4. The optimized layout hydrogen supply and heat dissipation integrated system for hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide plate (3) is a plate-shaped structure. The guide surface of the guide plate (3) is inclined upward to guide the airflow from the outlet of the radiator (1) to be discharged obliquely upward in the direction of the cargo box (6), so that the airflow is away from the water-cooled unit (7) of the hydrogen-powered heavy truck.

5. The optimized layout hydrogen supply and heat dissipation integrated system for hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen storage frame (4) is an L-shaped structure including an upper frame and a lower frame located at the bottom. The width of the lower frame is greater than the width of the upper frame. The first end of the lower frame away from the upper frame is close to the cargo box (6). The guide plate (3) is installed at the upper corner of the first end of the lower frame.

6. The optimized layout hydrogen supply and heat dissipation integrated system for hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of hydrogen cylinders (2) includes four hydrogen cylinders (2), which are arranged in an L-shape within the hydrogen storage frame (4).

7. The optimized layout hydrogen supply and heat dissipation integrated system for hydrogen-powered heavy-duty trucks according to claim 6, characterized in that, Three of the four hydrogen cylinders (2) are placed vertically, and the other hydrogen cylinder (2) is placed on one side of the three hydrogen cylinders (2) and is inclined to the center line of the bottom hydrogen cylinder (2), close to the radiator (1).

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