Improved floating slab-over-slab shear hinge
By improving the structural design of the floating plate-mounted shear hinge, the problems of uneven force distribution and material waste in the shear hinge studs were solved, achieving more uniform force transmission and higher pull-out resistance, thus improving the safety and stability of train operation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ANJINGER (SHANGHAI) TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-07
AI Technical Summary
Under train loads, the existing top-mounted plate shear hinges exhibit uneven axial force distribution on the shear hinge studs. This results in excessive stress on the row of studs near the plate joint and the edge studs, which can easily lead to concrete cracking and nut loosening. Furthermore, it consumes a large amount of material, increases maintenance workload, and affects the safe and stable operation of the train.
An improved floating plate-type shear hinge is designed. By installing studs in the pre-embedded sleeve and setting double-layer single-groove self-locking nuts, stiffening plates and height adjustment pads on the shear plate, the shape and thickness of the shear plate are optimized, the problem of uneven force on the studs is reduced, the pull-out resistance is increased, and the amount of material used is reduced. The axial force is transmitted to the interior of the floating plate by using the smooth section and the threaded section.
This design achieves uniform stress distribution on the shear hinge stud, reduces the stress on the surface concrete of the floating slab, reduces material usage, improves shear and bending resistance, reduces the risk of nut loosening, and enhances the safety and stability of train operation.
Smart Images
Figure CN224468151U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of rail transit technology, specifically a top-mounted plate shear hinge for floating slabs. Background Technology
[0002] Floating slabs are a commonly used track vibration reduction structure in my country. By isolating the concrete track slab from the foundation, a "mass-spring" system is formed. Its core principle is to use the mass inertia of the floating slab to offset the vibration energy generated by train operation, and then use elastic elements such as vibration isolators and damping pads to attenuate residual vibrations and prevent them from being transmitted to the surrounding environment.
[0003] Shear hinges are installed at the ends of two adjacent floating slabs and are key components connecting them. They coordinate displacement between the slabs, transmit shear force, and maintain the overall integrity of the track. Shear hinges can be classified according to their location, including top-mounted shear hinges, mid-mounted shear hinges, side-mounted shear hinges, built-in shear hinges, and combined shear hinges. Top-mounted shear hinges are further divided into hinge bar shear hinges and plate shear hinges based on the shear-resistant components. Due to their simple structure, convenient installation, and small space occupation, plate shear hinges are increasingly widely used in domestic engineering projects.
[0004] During the application of top-mounted plate shear hinges, it was found that the axial force distribution of the shear hinge studs was uneven: in multi-row shear hinge studs, the studs in the row closest to the plate seam experienced significantly greater stress than those in the row behind; within the same row, the studs at the edges experienced significantly greater stress than those in the middle. Therefore, the peak stress of the shear hinge studs was relatively high, resulting in a high level of concrete stress near the shear hinge sleeve, making it prone to failure under train loads. Existing shear hinge studs / studs and embedded steel sleeves are all threaded sections below the surface of the floating slab. During vehicle operation, the stress on the sleeve at the surface of the floating slab is excessive, easily leading to cracking of the concrete in this area. Furthermore, to meet the force transmission requirements of adjacent floating slabs, the existing top-mounted plate shear hinges typically have large shear plate thickness and planar dimensions, resulting in a large amount of material usage; under repeated train dynamic loads, the nuts loosen, increasing maintenance workload and even increasing the risk to the safe and stable operation of the train.
[0005] Based on this, the inventors have conducted in-depth research on shear hinges for floating slabs, especially top-mounted slab shear hinges, in order to design an improved top-mounted slab shear hinge for floating slabs that can solve the above-mentioned problems. Utility Model Content
[0006] To overcome the aforementioned problems, the inventors conducted in-depth research and designed an improved floating slab-mounted plate shear hinge. This shear hinge includes a pre-embedded sleeve vertically embedded in the end of the floating slab. A stud is installed within the pre-embedded sleeve, and a double-layered single-groove self-locking nut is provided at the top of the stud. A height adjustment shim is placed on the upper surface of the lower side of the floating slab. A buffer pad and a shear plate are provided on the height adjustment shim or the floating slab itself. The shear plate, buffer pad, and height adjustment shim are fixed by the double-layered single-groove self-locking nut and flat washer at the top of the stud. A stiffening plate is provided on the shear plate, and the problem of uneven stress on the existing shear hinge studs is solved by optimizing the arrangement of the shear hinge studs. By optimizing the shape of the shear plate, the thickness of the shear plate is reduced, saving material usage. Two bottom plates are provided at the bottom of the pre-embedded steel sleeve to increase its pull-out resistance. The stud is threaded only at the bottom to transfer the axial force on the stud to the interior of the floating plate, thereby reducing the stress level of the concrete on the surface of the floating plate and thus reducing or avoiding damage to the plate, thus completing this utility model.
[0007] Specifically, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an improved floating plate-mounted shear hinge, which includes:
[0008] A pre-embedded sleeve 1 is vertically embedded at the end of the floating plate 8. A stud 2 is installed and fixed in the pre-embedded sleeve 1. The lower end of the stud 2 extends into the pre-embedded sleeve 1, and the upper end of the stud 2 passes through the buffer pad 3, shear plate 4, flat washer 5 and nut 6 from bottom to top.
[0009] An adjustable shim 7 may also be optionally provided between the buffer shim 3 and the floating shim 8;
[0010] The shear plate 4 has multiple through holes for studs 2 to pass through, including a round hole 41 on one side and an elongated hole 42 on the other side.
[0011] A stiffening plate 43 is also provided on the shear plate 4.
[0012] The shear plate 4 has 10 through holes, including 5 round holes 41 on one side forming a round hole array and 5 oblong holes 42 on the other side forming an oblong hole array.
[0013] The circular hole array and the oblong hole array are arranged symmetrically.
[0014] The circular hole array on the shear plate 4 includes two rows of circular holes, with three circular holes 42 arranged in the inner row near the middle of the shear plate and two circular holes 42 arranged in the outer row near the end of the shear plate.
[0015] Among them, there are two stiffening plates 43, which are parallel to each other and are arranged along the length of the floating plate;
[0016] Both ends of the stiffening plate 43 pass through the array of round holes and the array of oblong holes. In the inner row, only the middle round hole 42 is located between the two stiffening plates 43, and both stiffening plates 43 are located between the two round holes 42 in the outer row.
[0017] The shear plate 4 has inwardly recessed edges on both sides to reduce the amount of material used. The recesses are arc-shaped and located between the two stiffening plates 43.
[0018] The inner wall of the pre-embedded sleeve 1 is provided with a smooth section 11 and a threaded section 12, wherein the threaded section 12 is at the bottom and the smooth section 11 is at the top.
[0019] The threaded section 12 is screwed into the lower end of the stud 2.
[0020] Two bottom plates 13 are provided below the outside of the pre-embedded sleeve 1, and the bottom plates 13 and the pre-embedded sleeve 1 are pre-embedded together in the floating plate 8.
[0021] The nut 6 is a double-layer single-groove self-locking nut.
[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model include:
[0023] (1) The improved floating plate shear hinge provided by this utility model solves the problems of concrete cracking and loosening of anchor bolts at the floating plate under train load in the existing floating plate shear hinge. At the same time, it reasonably optimizes the thickness and shape of the shear plate and saves engineering materials.
[0024] (2) The improved floating plate-type shear hinge provided by this utility model can transmit the vertical force on the shear plate to each stud more evenly by reasonably setting the position and cross-sectional size of the stiffening plate, thereby reducing the maximum value of the axial force of a single stud.
[0025] (3) The improved floating plate shear hinge provided by this utility model has two bottom plates set at the bottom of the pre-embedded sleeve. The bottom plates and the floating plate steel bars and concrete work together to improve the pull-out resistance of the sleeve.
[0026] (4) The improved floating plate shear hinge provided by this utility model has a smooth section and a threaded section in the pre-embedded sleeve. The threaded section is set in the lower half of the sleeve to transfer the axial force on the stud to the inside of the floating plate, thereby reducing the stress on the concrete surface of the floating plate.
[0027] (5) The improved floating plate-type shear hinge provided by this utility model has significantly improved shear and bending resistance after the stiffening plate is set. Therefore, the thickness of the shear plate is appropriately reduced, the shape of the shear plate is further optimized, the planar dimensions of the shear plate are reduced, and the amount of shear plate material used is reduced. Attached Figure Description
[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the improved floating plate-mounted plate shear hinge installation according to this utility model is shown.
[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the mounting plane of the improved floating plate-mounted plate shear hinge of this utility model is shown.
[0030] Figure 3 This invention presents a schematic diagram of the shear plate structure in the improved floating plate-mounted shear hinge of this utility model.
[0031] Figure 4 This invention presents a schematic diagram of the pre-embedded sleeve in the improved floating plate-mounted plate shear hinge.
[0032] Figure 5 This diagram shows the structure of the double-layer single-groove self-locking nut in the improved floating plate-mounted plate shear hinge of this utility model.
[0033] Figure Labels
[0034] 1-Embedded sleeve
[0035] 11-Smooth Segment
[0036] 12-Threaded section
[0037] 13-Base Plate
[0038] 2-Stud
[0039] 3-Buffer pad
[0040] 4-Shear plate
[0041] 41-Round Hole
[0042] 42-Oblong hole direction
[0043] 43-Stiffening plate
[0044] 5-Flat Washer
[0045] 6-nut
[0046] 7- Adjustment pad
[0047] 8-Floating Plate Detailed Implementation
[0048] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Through these descriptions, the features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer and more apparent.
[0049] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments. Although various aspects of embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated otherwise.
[0050] This utility model provides an improved floating plate-mounted shear hinge, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the design aims to solve the problems of concrete cracking and loosening of anchor bolts at floating plates in existing top-mounted plate shear hinges under train loads, while also optimizing the thickness and shape of the shear plate to save on engineering materials.
[0051] Specifically, the shear hinge includes: a pre-embedded sleeve 1 vertically embedded at the end of the floating plate 8, a stud 2 installed and fixed in the pre-embedded sleeve 1, the lower end of the stud 2 extending into the pre-embedded sleeve 1, and the upper end of the stud 2 passing through the buffer pad 3, the shear plate 4, the flat washer 5 and the nut 6 from bottom to top.
[0052] An adjustable height pad 7 is optionally provided between the buffer pad 3 and the floating plate 8. In this application, the height difference between two adjacent floating plates is adjusted by the adjustable height pad 7. Before laying the shear plate, the height difference between the two floating plates is measured, and an adjustable height pad of appropriate thickness is selected according to the size of the height difference.
[0053] The shear plate 4 has multiple through holes for studs 2 to pass through. The through holes include a round hole 41 on one side and an elongated hole 42 on the other side. The length direction of the elongated hole in this application is consistent with the length direction of the floating plate. By setting the elongated hole 42, it is ensured that the shear hinge can adapt to floating plates with different spacings. As long as the studs of two adjacent floating plates are welded and fixed or integrally stamped, the stiffening plate 43 is a longitudinally arranged long strip of metal installed above the shear plate 4. Its length is basically equal to or slightly less than the length of the shear plate.
[0054] In this application, the pre-embedded sleeves, nuts, and studs are of uniform specifications and can be screwed together to fix them in place.
[0055] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, 10 through holes are provided on the shear plate 4, of which 5 are circular holes 41 on one side, forming a circular hole array; and 5 are oblong holes 42 on the other side, forming an oblong hole array.
[0056] The circular hole array and the oblong hole array are symmetrically arranged. To be precise, the center of each circle in the circular hole array is symmetrically arranged with the center of each oblong hole in the oblong hole array, so as to ensure the force balance on both sides of the shear plate.
[0057] In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the circular hole array on the shear plate 4 includes two rows of circular holes. Three circular holes 42 are arranged in the inner row near the middle of the shear plate, and two circular holes 42 are arranged in the outer row near the end of the shear plate. The direction of the rows in this application is perpendicular to the length direction of the shear plate. The inventors have discovered that in a shear hinge, the inner row of studs near the plate joint bears most of the axial force, while the outer row of studs experiences less force. Therefore, only two rows of studs are arranged: three studs in the inner row to bear the main axial force, and only two studs in the outer row to share the force.
[0058] The inventors have discovered that by setting stiffening plates on shear plates and rationally setting the position and cross-sectional dimensions of the stiffening plates, the vertical force on the shear plate can be more evenly transmitted to each stud, reducing the maximum value of the axial force of a single stud. Based on this, the stiffening plates 43 described in this application are provided in two parallel sections, both arranged along the length of the floating plate.
[0059] Both ends of the stiffening plate 43 pass through the array of circular holes and the array of oblong holes. In the inner row, only the middle circular hole 42 is located between the two stiffening plates 43, and both stiffening plates 43 are located between the two circular holes 42 in the outer row. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the image.
[0060] The inventors have discovered that the shear plate's shear and bending resistance is significantly improved after adding stiffening plates. Therefore, the thickness of the shear plate can be appropriately reduced. The shear plate experiences less stress at both ends and the middle of its length direction, so the shape of the shear plate can be optimized to reduce its planar dimensions. Specifically, the two sides of the shear plate 4 are recessed inward to reduce the amount of material used. The recesses are arc-shaped and located between the two stiffening plates 43.
[0061] In a preferred embodiment, a smooth section 11 and a threaded section 12 are provided on the inner wall of the pre-embedded sleeve 1, wherein the threaded section 12 is at the bottom and the smooth section 11 is at the top, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, the threaded section 12 is screwed into the lower end of the stud 2. In this application, by providing the aforementioned smooth section 11 and threaded section 12, the axial force on the stud is transmitted to the interior of the floating plate, thereby reducing the stress on the concrete surface of the floating plate.
[0062] Two bottom plates 13 are provided below the outside of the pre-embedded sleeve 1. The bottom plates 13 and the pre-embedded sleeve 1 are pre-embedded together in the floating plate 8. The bottom plates and the steel bars and concrete of the floating plate enhance the pull-out resistance of the sleeve.
[0063] Preferably, the nut 6 is a double-layer single-groove self-locking nut, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the double-layer single-groove self-locking nut achieves a locking effect through reverse tightening and relative rotation, which greatly reduces the risk of loosening of traditional single-layer nuts under the action of train dynamic load.
[0064] In a preferred embodiment, during the production stage of the floating slab, the pre-embedded sleeve, either cast or welded, is poured into the designated position of the floating slab. After the floating slab is lifted, the shear hinge is installed. When installing the shear hinge, first measure whether there is a height difference between the two ends of two adjacent floating slabs. If there is, install a height adjustment shim with a thickness equal to the height difference at the end of the lower floating slab, then install a buffer shim, then install the shear plate, then screw in the studs, then install the flat washers and nuts, and finally tighten the nuts after calibrating the position of each component. Then tighten the double-layer single-groove self-locking nuts in the reverse direction to complete the installation of the shear plate.
[0065] The present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments; however, these embodiments are merely exemplary and serve only an illustrative purpose. Based on this, various substitutions and improvements can be made to the present invention, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An improved floating plate-mounted shear hinge, characterized in that, The shear hinge includes: A pre-embedded sleeve (1) is vertically embedded at the end of the floating plate (8). A stud (2) is installed and fixed in the pre-embedded sleeve (1). The lower end of the stud (2) extends into the pre-embedded sleeve (1). The upper end of the stud (2) passes through the buffer pad (3), shear plate (4), flat washer (5) and nut (6) from bottom to top. An adjustable pad (7) may also be optionally provided between the buffer pad (3) and the floating plate (8); The shear plate (4) has multiple through holes for studs (2) to pass through, including a round hole (41) on one side and an elongated hole (42) on the other side. A stiffening plate (43) is also provided on the shear plate (4).
2. The improved floating plate-mounted shear hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that, Ten through holes are provided on the shear plate (4), of which five round holes (41) are on one side, forming a round hole array; and five oblong holes (42) are on the other side, forming an oblong hole array. The circular hole array and the oblong hole array are arranged symmetrically.
3. The improved floating plate-mounted shear hinge according to claim 2, characterized in that, On the shear plate (4), the circular hole array includes two rows of circular holes, wherein three circular holes (42) are arranged in the inner row near the middle of the shear plate, and two circular holes (42) are arranged in the outer row near the end of the shear plate.
4. The improved floating plate-mounted shear hinge according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two stiffening plates (43) are provided, which are parallel to each other and are arranged along the length of the floating plate; Both ends of the stiffening plate (43) pass through the array of round holes and the array of oblong holes. In the inner column, only the middle round hole (42) is located between the two stiffening plates (43), and both stiffening plates (43) are located between the two round holes (42) in the outer column.
5. The improved floating plate-mounted shear hinge according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two sides of the shear plate (4) are recessed inward to reduce the amount of material used. The recess is arc-shaped and located between the two stiffening plates (43).
6. The improved floating plate-mounted shear hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that, A smooth section (11) and a threaded section (12) are provided on the inner wall of the pre-embedded sleeve (1), wherein the threaded section (12) is at the bottom and the smooth section (11) is at the top; The threaded section (12) is screwed into the lower end of the stud (2).
7. The improved floating plate-mounted shear hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two bottom plates (13) are provided below the outside of the pre-embedded sleeve (1), and the bottom plates (13) and the pre-embedded sleeve (1) are pre-embedded together in the floating plate (8).
8. The improved floating plate-mounted shear hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nut (6) is a double-layer single-groove self-locking nut.