A large-diameter drilling machine for underground roadway operation

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the coal mine drilling equipment technical field, concretely relates to a large aperture drilling machine in the operation in the underground roadway, including host computer big frame, rear holder assembly and front holder, host computer big frame is arranged with horizontal support arm and vertical support arm, horizontal support arm supports the top of roadway side slope and can limit the transverse attitude of host computer big frame, vertical support arm supports the top of roadway roof and can limit the vertical attitude of host computer big frame, front holder and rear holder assembly are installed on host computer big frame in front and rear, the position of front holder is fixed, rear holder assembly is connected with host computer big frame sliding, and the propelling mechanism is connected between rear holder assembly and host computer big frame, and the drill rod on rear holder assembly passes through front holder, the utility model discloses the large aperture drilling machine design front holder solves the problem of drill rod deflection, design propelling mechanism prolongs the drilling process, and design horizontal support arm and vertical support arm improve the stability of drilling machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment for coal mines, specifically relating to a large-diameter drilling rig for operation in underground roadways. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mine underground roadway engineering, large-diameter drilling operations (such as gas extraction holes, water exploration holes, geological exploration holes, and hole-for-roadway operations) require high stability and precision from the drilling rig. Traditional underground drilling rigs face the following technical problems when operating in narrow roadways: (1) Insufficient attitude control, the irregularity of the roadway roof and sidewalls can easily cause the drilling rig frame to deviate, and the drilling trajectory can easily deviate from the design axis; (2) The drilling stroke of large-diameter drilling is short, and the conventional propulsion mechanism uses hydraulic cylinders to push, which has insufficient stroke; (3) Severe drill rod sway, the drill rod lacks effective multi-point constraint during long-stroke propulsion, the vibration and sway are aggravated, the hole quality is reduced and the wear of the drill bit is accelerated.

[0003] To address the above issues, a downhole large-diameter drilling rig that combines high rigidity attitude locking, long-distance feed, and precise drill pipe guidance is needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention aims to solve the problems of insufficient attitude control, short drilling stroke, and severe drill rod sway in existing large-diameter drilling rigs.

[0005] This utility model provides the following technical solution: a large-diameter drilling rig for operation in underground roadways, including a main frame, a rear clamp assembly and a front clamp; a horizontal support arm and a vertical support arm are arranged on the main frame; the horizontal support arm supports the side wall of the roadway to limit the lateral posture of the main frame, and the vertical support arm supports the roof of the roadway to limit the vertical posture of the main frame.

[0006] The front and rear clamp assemblies are mounted on the main frame one after the other. The position of the front clamp is fixed, while the rear clamp assembly is slidably connected to the main frame. A propulsion mechanism is connected between the rear clamp assembly and the main frame. The propulsion mechanism drives the rear clamp assembly to approach or move away from the front clamp in a straight line. The drill rod on the rear clamp assembly moves through the front clamp.

[0007] Furthermore, a recessed box is constructed on the main frame, the propulsion mechanism is arranged inside the recessed box, a guide rail is installed on the top of the long side wall of the recessed box, and the rear clamp assembly is installed on a sliding seat that slides across the main frame and slides with the guide rail.

[0008] Furthermore, the propulsion mechanism includes a propulsion cylinder, a first chain, a second chain, a front fixed steering roller assembly, a rear fixed steering roller assembly, and a dynamic steering roller assembly; the cylinder body of the propulsion cylinder is mounted on the main frame, the rear fixed steering roller assembly is mounted on the cylinder body end of the propulsion cylinder, the front fixed steering roller assembly is mounted on the main frame, and the dynamic steering roller assembly is mounted on the piston rod end of the propulsion cylinder; the propulsion cylinder drives the dynamic steering roller assembly to move between the front fixed steering roller assembly and the rear fixed steering roller assembly.

[0009] One end of the first chain is connected to the rear end of the sliding seat, and the other end passes around the rear fixed steering roller group and the dynamic steering roller group and is connected to the main frame; one end of the second chain is connected to the front end of the sliding seat, and the other end passes around the front fixed steering roller group and the dynamic steering roller group and is connected to the main frame; the first chain and the second chain are laterally offset.

[0010] Furthermore, the front clamp includes a lifting cylinder, a guide bracket, and a clamping block. The guide bracket is fixed on the main frame, and the clamping block is assembled on the guide bracket through a vertical sliding structure. The lifting cylinder is connected between the clamping block and the guide bracket. The guide bracket has a window, and the clamping block has a downward-opening slot. The slot of the clamping block straddles the drill pipe passing through the window, limiting the drill pipe's sway.

[0011] Furthermore, the vertical support arm includes a connecting frame and a vertical support cylinder; the connection between the cylinder of the vertical support cylinder and the connecting frame includes a sliding pair and support nodes spaced apart along the sliding direction; the sliding pair is used for guidance, and the support nodes are used to provide rigid support.

[0012] Furthermore, the connecting frame has a straight long groove, the cylinder of the vertical support cylinder is embedded in the straight long groove, a slider is fixed on the cylinder body, and a guide groove is opened on the groove wall of the straight long groove. The slider and the guide groove slide together to form a sliding pair. The connecting frame has pin holes distributed at intervals along the direction of the guide groove. The lug at the tail of the cylinder can be optionally aligned with the pin holes and then inserted into the pin shaft to form a support node.

[0013] Furthermore, vertical support arms are arranged at the four corners of the main frame, and horizontal bars are connected between the vertical support arms at both ends of the long side of the main frame, and longitudinal bars are connected between the horizontal bars.

[0014] Furthermore, a semi-circular drill pipe stabilizer is installed on the guide bracket. The concave surface of the drill pipe stabilizer is aligned with the bottom edge of the window of the guide bracket to extend the support length of the window of the guide bracket.

[0015] Furthermore, the horizontal support arm includes a cross brace cylinder and a mounting side plate; the mounting side plate and the main frame are connected by bolts, and the cross brace cylinder is fixed to the mounting side plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0017] This invention relates to a large-diameter drilling rig for underground roadways, significantly improving the overall attitude stability and self-adaptability of the rig in complex underground roadway environments. Through adjustable vertical support arms and lateral horizontal support arms arranged at the four corners of the main frame, the drilling rig achieves strong spatial positioning and anti-deviation capabilities. The vertical support arms employ a unique "sliding pair + multi-node rigid locking" design (guide groove slider sliding and pin hole pin fixing), allowing each support arm to be independently adjusted according to the actual height and undulation of the roadway roof, achieving reliable rigid support. Combined with the horizontal support arms' tightening of the roadway sidewalls, this design effectively overcomes the influence of irregularities in the roadway roof and sidewalls, ensuring that the main frame remains horizontally stable throughout the drilling operation. This significantly reduces the risk of the drilling trajectory deviating from the design axis and significantly improves the drilling accuracy.

[0018] This invention's propulsion mechanism design addresses the need for ultra-long strokes in large-diameter drilling. The mechanism innovatively employs the chain multiplication principle, using a relatively short-stroke propulsion cylinder to drive a dynamic steering roller assembly. Combined with a fixed steering roller assembly and two laterally staggered chains, this amplifies the cylinder's propulsion stroke, meeting the requirements of large-diameter deep-hole drilling. The entire propulsion mechanism is cleverly arranged within the sunken housing of the main frame, offering advantages such as strong anti-pollution capabilities and a compact, concealed structure.

[0019] This utility model's front clamp design specifically addresses the technical problem of severe drill pipe sway during long-stroke drilling, achieving dynamic constraint and vibration suppression of the drill pipe. The window on the guide bracket provides a basic support surface; the liftable clamping block straddles the drill pipe through its downward-opening slot, actively constraining the drill pipe under the drive of the lifting cylinder, effectively limiting its radial runout and sway; a specially added semi-circular drill pipe straightener, with its concave surface aligned with the bottom edge of the guide bracket window, extends the support and guidance length for the drill pipe and reduces the length of the drill pipe's overhang. These three elements work synergistically to provide continuous and stable constraint and straightening throughout the entire process of the drill pipe's forward movement through the front clamp, significantly reducing the drill pipe's vibration amplitude and sway, thereby improving hole quality, reducing drill bit wear, and extending service life. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a large-diameter drilling rig operating in an underground tunnel;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a vertical support arm;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a horizontal support arm;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the front clamp;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the mechanism.

[0025] In the diagram: 1-Main frame; 2-Rear gripper assembly; 3-Front gripper; 3.1-Lifting cylinder; 3.2-Guide bracket; 3.3-Grip block; 3.3.1-Slot; 4-Horizontal support arm; 4.1-Horizontal support cylinder; 4.2-Mounting side plate; 5-Vertical support arm; 5.1-Connecting frame; 5.1.1-Guide groove; 5.1.2-Pin hole; 5.2-Vertical support cylinder; 5.3-Slider; 5.4-Pin shaft; 6 7-Guide rail; 8-Sliding seat; 9-Horizontal bar; 10-Vertical bar; 11-Drill pipe stabilizer; 12-Front fixed steering roller assembly; 13-Propulsion cylinder; 14-First chain; 15-Sliding seat first connector; 16-Main frame first connector; 17-Second chain; 18-Sliding seat second connector; 19-Main frame second connector; 10-Rear fixed steering roller assembly; 10-Dynamic steering roller assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] like Figure 1 The diagram illustrates a large-diameter drilling rig operating in underground roadways, comprising a main frame 1, a rear clamp assembly 2, and a front clamp 3. The main frame 1 is equipped with horizontal support arms 4 and vertical support arms 5. The horizontal support arms 4, supported by the roadway sidewalls, restrict the lateral orientation of the main frame 1, while the vertical support arms 5, supported by the roadway roof, restrict the vertical orientation of the main frame 1. The main frame 1 is mounted on the chassis of a drilling rig within the underground roadway, which carries the main frame 1 as it moves and changes its working position within the roadway. The main frame 1, supported by the vertical support arms 5 at its four corners and the horizontal support arms 4 on both sides pressing against the roadway sidewalls, forms a six-point rigid support system, completely restricting the six degrees of freedom of the drilling rig. This design solves the problem of drilling rig misalignment caused by irregular roadway conditions, ensuring that the borehole axis is consistent with the designed trajectory.

[0028] The front clamp 3 and the rear clamp assembly 2 are mounted one after the other on the main frame 1. The front clamp 3 is fixed in position, while the rear clamp assembly 2 is slidably connected to the main frame 1. A propulsion mechanism connects the rear clamp assembly 2 and the main frame 1. The propulsion mechanism drives the rear clamp assembly 2 to approach or move away from the front clamp 3 in a straight line. The drill pipe on the rear clamp assembly 2 moves through the front clamp 3. The rear clamp assembly 2 applies torque to the drill pipe, and the front clamp 3 guides the drill pipe to rotate stably. The propulsion mechanism drives the front clamp 3 to move back and forth to complete the drilling and retraction actions. The front and rear clamps form a double-point constraint, suppressing drill pipe vibration and sway.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown: The vertical support arm 5 includes a connecting frame 5.1 and a vertical support cylinder 5.2; the connection between the cylinder of the vertical support cylinder 5.2 and the connecting frame 5.1 includes a sliding pair and support nodes spaced apart along the sliding direction; the sliding pair is used for guidance, and the support nodes are used to provide rigid support.

[0030] The connecting frame 5.1 has a long straight groove. The cylinder of the vertical support cylinder 5.2 is embedded in the long straight groove, and a slider 5.3 is fixed on the cylinder body. A guide groove 5.1.1 is opened on the groove wall of the long straight groove. The slider 5.3 and the guide groove 5.1.1 slide together to form a sliding pair. The connecting frame 5.1 has pin holes 5.1.2 distributed at intervals along the direction of the guide groove 5.1.1. The lug at the tail of the cylinder can be optionally aligned with the pin holes 5.1.2 and inserted into the pin shaft 5.4 to form a support node. Through the multiple spaced pin holes 5.1.2, the support height of the vertical support arm 5 can be adjusted in stages to adapt to changes in the height of the top plate.

[0031] Vertical support arms 5 are arranged at the four corners of the main frame 1. Horizontal bars 8 are connected between the vertical support arms 5 at both ends of the long side of the main frame 1, and vertical bars 9 are connected between the horizontal bars 8. The horizontal bars 8 and vertical bars 9 connect the vertical support arms 5 at the four corners to form a stable frame, further preventing the vertical support arms 5 from tilting.

[0032] like Figure 3 As shown: the horizontal support arm 4 is arranged at the four corners of the main frame 1, and the horizontal support arm 4 is located below the vertical support arm 5; the horizontal support arm 4 includes a cross brace cylinder 4.1 and a mounting side plate 4.2; the mounting side plate 4.2 and the main frame 1 are connected by bolts, and the cross brace cylinder 4.1 is fixed on the mounting side plate 4.2.

[0033] The main frame 1 is equipped with a sunken box, and the propulsion mechanism is arranged in the sunken box to lower the center of gravity of the whole machine and improve the anti-overturning ability. The top of the long side wall of the sunken box is equipped with a guide rail 6, and the rear clamp assembly 2 is installed on the sliding seat 7 that slides across the main frame 1 and the guide rail 6.

[0034] like Figure 5As shown: The propulsion mechanism includes a propulsion cylinder 12, a first chain 13, a second chain 14, a front fixed steering roller assembly 11, a rear fixed steering roller assembly 15, and a dynamic steering roller assembly 16; the cylinder body of the propulsion cylinder 12 is mounted on the main frame 1, the rear fixed steering roller assembly 15 is mounted on the cylinder body end of the propulsion cylinder 12, the front fixed steering roller assembly 11 is mounted on the main frame 1, and the dynamic steering roller assembly 16 is mounted on the piston rod end of the propulsion cylinder 12. The propulsion cylinder 12 drives the dynamic steering roller assembly 16 to move between the front fixed steering roller assembly 11 and the rear fixed steering roller assembly 15.

[0035] One end of the first chain 13 is connected to the first connector 13.1 of the sliding seat, and the other end is connected to the first connector 13.2 of the main frame; one end of the second chain 14 is connected to the second connector 14.1 of the sliding seat, and the other end is connected to the second connector 14.2 of the main frame.

[0036] One end of the first chain 13 is connected to the rear end of the sliding seat 7 via the first connecting member 13.1 of the sliding seat. The other end of the first chain 13 passes around the rear fixed steering roller group 15 and the dynamic steering roller group 16 and is connected to the main frame 1 via the first connecting member 13.2 of the main frame. The first chain 13, the rear fixed steering roller group 15 and the dynamic steering roller group 16 form the first movable pulley mechanism. The dynamic steering roller group 16 acts as a movable pulley. When the propulsion cylinder 12 extends, it pushes the dynamic steering roller group 16 to move. The first chain 13 pulls the sliding seat 7 backward, thereby doubling the stroke of the propulsion cylinder 12.

[0037] One end of the second chain 14 is connected to the front end of the sliding seat 7 via the second connecting member 14.1 of the sliding seat, and the other end passes over the front fixed steering roller group 11 and the dynamic steering roller group 16 and is connected to the main frame 1 via the second connecting member 14.2 of the main frame. The second chain 14, the front fixed steering roller group 11 and the dynamic steering roller group 16 form the second movable pulley mechanism. The dynamic steering roller group 16 acts as a movable pulley. When the push cylinder 12 retracts, it pulls the dynamic steering roller group 16 to move. The second chain 14 pulls the sliding seat 7 forward, thereby doubling the stroke of the push cylinder 12. Furthermore, the working direction of the second movable pulley mechanism is opposite to that of the first movable pulley mechanism. When one works actively, the other moves passively.

[0038] The first chain 13 and the second chain 14 are horizontally staggered, and they do not interfere with each other when they are working.

[0039] The rear clamp assembly 2 is a drilling rig rear clamp assembly disclosed in publication number CN112576209B; the housing of the drilling rig rear clamp assembly is fixed on the sliding seat 7; this embodiment does not modify the rear clamp assembly in the prior art, and the structure and principle of the rear clamp assembly will not be described in detail.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown: The front clamp 3 includes a lifting cylinder 3.1, a guide bracket 3.2, and a clamping block 3.3. The guide bracket 3.2 is fixed on the main frame 1. The clamping block 3.3 is mounted on the guide bracket 3.2 via a vertical sliding structure. The lifting cylinder 3.1 connects the clamping block 3.3 and the guide bracket 3.2. The guide bracket 3.2 has a window, and the clamping block 3.3 has a downward-opening slot 3.3.1. The slot 3.3.1 of the clamping block 3.3 straddles the drill pipe passing through the window, limiting the drill pipe's sway. The lifting cylinder 3.1 drives the clamping block 3.3 to slide along the guide bracket 3.2, achieving rapid repositioning or clamping.

[0041] A semi-circular drill pipe stabilizer 10 is installed on the guide bracket 3.2. The concave surface of the drill pipe stabilizer 10 is aligned with the bottom edge of the window of the guide bracket 3.2 to extend the support length of the window of the guide bracket 3.2 and extend the single-point support into linear contact.

[0042] Large-diameter directional drilling rigs for coal mines are advanced drilling equipment in underground coal mines. They have the ability to drill large-diameter holes and controllable drilling trajectories, and are widely used in key operations such as gas extraction, water hazard prevention and control, and geological exploration.

[0043] This embodiment of the large-diameter drilling rig operating in underground roadways can achieve Φ800mm holes in a single operation. By expanding the gas drainage channel area, it significantly increases the drainage volume and concentration, effectively reducing the gas content in the coal seam and fundamentally reducing the risk of gas disasters. This meets the comprehensive and efficient gas management needs of mines, from "small areas to super-large areas." In terms of mining technology innovation, its core value lies in the "hole-for-roadway" process: using directional drilling rigs to construct large-diameter high-level or long directional boreholes can replace traditional high-level and bottom-level drainage roadway excavation. Compared to traditional methods, drilling is faster, shortening the construction period; it also reduces the amount of roadway excavation work, lowering excavation and support costs; and it avoids safety hazards such as roof support and ventilation during roadway excavation, reducing the operational risks for workers in complex environments. Furthermore, the large-diameter design increases the exposed area of ​​the borehole wall and the pressure relief range, further optimizing the gas flow channel and significantly improving drainage efficiency, making it a key technological equipment in the field of coal mine gas management.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A large-diameter drilling rig for operation in underground roadways, characterized in that: It includes a main frame (1), a rear clamp assembly (2) and a front clamp (3); the main frame (1) is provided with a horizontal support arm (4) and a vertical support arm (5); the horizontal support arm (4) is supported on the side wall of the roadway to limit the lateral posture of the main frame (1), and the vertical support arm (5) is supported on the roof of the roadway to limit the vertical posture of the main frame (1); The front clamp (3) and the rear clamp assembly (2) are mounted on the main frame (1) one after the other. The position of the front clamp (3) is fixed. The rear clamp assembly (2) is slidably connected to the main frame (1). A propulsion mechanism is connected between the rear clamp assembly (2) and the main frame (1). The propulsion mechanism drives the rear clamp assembly (2) to approach or move away from the front clamp (3) in a straight line. The drill rod on the rear clamp assembly (2) moves through the front clamp (3).

2. The large-diameter drilling rig for operation in underground roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main frame (1) is equipped with a sunken box, and the propulsion mechanism is arranged in the sunken box. A guide rail (6) is installed on the top of the long side wall of the sunken box, and the rear clamp assembly (2) is installed on the sliding seat (7) that slides across the main frame (1) and the guide rail (6).

3. The large-diameter drilling rig for operation in underground roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that: The propulsion mechanism includes a propulsion cylinder (12), a first chain (13), a second chain (14), a front fixed steering roller assembly (11), a rear fixed steering roller assembly (15), and a dynamic steering roller assembly (16); the cylinder body of the propulsion cylinder (12) is mounted on the main frame (1), the rear fixed steering roller assembly (15) is mounted on the cylinder body end of the propulsion cylinder (12), the front fixed steering roller assembly (11) is mounted on the main frame (1), and the dynamic steering roller assembly (16) is mounted on the piston rod end of the propulsion cylinder (12). The propulsion cylinder (12) drives the dynamic steering roller assembly (16) to move between the front fixed steering roller assembly (11) and the rear fixed steering roller assembly (15); One end of the first chain (13) is connected to the rear end of the sliding seat (7), and the other end passes around the rear fixed steering roller group (15) and the dynamic steering roller group (16) and is connected to the main frame (1); one end of the second chain (14) is connected to the front end of the sliding seat (7), and the other end passes around the front fixed steering roller group (11) and the dynamic steering roller group (16) and is connected to the main frame (1); the first chain (13) and the second chain (14) are laterally staggered.

4. A large-diameter drilling rig for operation in underground roadways according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front clamp (3) includes a lifting cylinder (3.1), a guide bracket (3.2), and a clamping block (3.3). The guide bracket (3.2) is fixed on the main frame (1). The clamping block (3.3) is mounted on the guide bracket (3.2) through a vertical sliding structure. The lifting cylinder (3.1) connects the clamping block (3.3) and the guide bracket (3.2). The guide bracket (3.2) has a window. The clamping block (3.3) has a downward-opening slot (3.3.1). The slot (3.3.1) of the clamping block (3.3) straddles the drill rod passing through the window, limiting the drill rod's sway.

5. A large-diameter drilling rig for operation in underground roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical support arm (5) includes a connecting frame (5.1) and a vertical support cylinder (5.2); the connection between the cylinder of the vertical support cylinder (5.2) and the connecting frame (5.1) includes a sliding pair and support nodes distributed at intervals along the sliding direction; the sliding pair is used for guidance, and the support nodes are used to provide rigid support.

6. A large-diameter drilling rig for operation in underground roadways according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting frame (5.1) has a straight long groove, the cylinder of the vertical support cylinder (5.2) is embedded in the straight long groove, a slider (5.3) is fixed on the cylinder body, and a guide groove is opened on the groove wall of the straight long groove. 5.1.1), the slider (5.3) and the guide groove (5.1.1) slide together to form a sliding pair; the connecting frame (5.1) has pin holes spaced apart along the direction of the guide groove (5.1.1). 5.1.2), the lug at the tail of the cylinder can be optionally connected to the pin hole ( 5.1.2) After alignment, insert the pin (5.4) to form a support node.

7. A large-diameter drilling rig for operation in underground roadways according to claim 6, characterized in that: The vertical support arms (5) are arranged at the four corners of the main frame (1). The vertical support arms (5) at both ends of the long side of the main frame (1) are connected by horizontal bars (8), and the horizontal bars (8) are connected by vertical bars (9).

8. A large-diameter drilling rig for operation in underground roadways according to claim 4, characterized in that: A semi-circular drill rod stabilizer (10) is installed on the guide bracket (3.2). The concave surface of the drill rod stabilizer (10) is aligned with the bottom edge of the window of the guide bracket (3.2) to extend the support length of the window of the guide bracket (3.2).

9. A large-diameter drilling rig for operation in underground roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal support arm (4) includes a cross brace cylinder (4.1) and a mounting side plate (4.2). The mounting side plate (4.2) and the main frame (1) are connected by bolts, and the cross brace cylinder (4.1) is fixed on the mounting side plate (4.2).

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