Railway tunnel construction ventilation dust reduction system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a railway tunnel construction ventilation dust fall system, its component includes the first transmission mechanism of slag stone in the tunnel boring machine tail end, still include the second transmission mechanism of slag stone for the construction slag stone from the transmission of inside tunnel, still include the negative pressure air cylinder of lateral support above slag stone first transmission mechanism and slag stone second transmission mechanism, still include the dust removal fan of communication with negative pressure air cylinder, the front end dust fall dust absorption mouth of negative pressure air cylinder is fixed in the top of tunnel boring machine through first support, when tunnel boring machine is to tunnel inner end and is carried out and is excavated construction, and the front end dust fall dust absorption mouth can directly produce the adsorption of fume dust. The utility model provides a railway tunnel construction ventilation dust fall system here, belongs to a kind of efficient railway tunnel construction ventilation dust fall system of dynamic construction environment, multi-link synergic action can be adapted to, to solve the problems, such as low dust fall efficiency, equipment adaptability poor in prior art, guarantee the safety and high efficiency of railway tunnel construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ventilation and dust suppression in railway tunnel construction, specifically to a ventilation and dust suppression system for railway tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] During railway tunnel construction, tunnel boring machines generate large amounts of dust during excavation and spoil transport, seriously threatening the health of construction workers. Long-term inhalation of dust can easily lead to occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis. Simultaneously, high concentrations of dust reduce visibility within the tunnel, affecting the precision of construction machinery operation, increasing safety hazards, and potentially even causing serious accidents such as dust explosions. Currently, traditional ventilation and dust suppression technologies for railway tunnel construction mainly employ single ventilation equipment or spray dust suppression devices. Some projects rely solely on axial flow fans for ventilation, which, while providing some air exchange, is ineffective at adsorbing and collecting high concentrations of dust in specific areas, making it difficult to quickly reduce dust concentration in the work area. Simple spray dust suppression methods, during spoil transport, suffer from low efficiency due to the large volume and rapid diffusion of dust, making it difficult for water mist to completely cover the dust. Furthermore, it can easily lead to water accumulation within the tunnel, affecting construction progress. In addition, existing ventilation and dust suppression equipment is mostly fixedly installed, making it difficult to adapt to the dynamic construction scenario of continuous tunnel boring machine advancement. As tunnel excavation distance increases, the distance between equipment and the work face widens, leading to a significant decrease in ventilation and dust suppression effectiveness. This necessitates frequent adjustments to equipment positions, increasing construction costs and equipment maintenance complexity. Furthermore, traditional systems lack coordinated design for each stage of ventilation and dust suppression, failing to achieve effective control over the entire process of dust generation, diffusion, and collection. Utility Model Content

[0003] Therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, this utility model provides a railway tunnel construction ventilation and dust suppression system, which is a high-efficiency railway tunnel construction ventilation and dust suppression system that can adapt to dynamic construction environments and has multi-stage synergistic effects. This system solves the problems of low dust suppression efficiency and poor equipment adaptability in the prior art, and ensures the safety and efficiency of railway tunnel construction.

[0004] This utility model is implemented as follows: a ventilation and dust suppression system for railway tunnel construction is constructed, characterized in that it comprises a first slag conveying mechanism located at the tail end of a tunnel boring machine, a second slag conveying mechanism for conveying construction slag from inside the tunnel, a negative pressure ventilation duct horizontally supported above the first and second slag conveying mechanisms, and a dust removal fan connected to the negative pressure ventilation duct. The front dust suppression suction port of the negative pressure ventilation duct is fixed to the top of the tunnel boring machine by a first bracket. When the tunnel boring machine is excavating inside the tunnel, the front dust suppression suction port can directly absorb the generated smoke and dust.

[0005] According to the present invention, a ventilation and dust suppression system for railway tunnel construction is characterized in that: the first slag conveying mechanism is inclinedly installed at the tail end of the tunnel boring machine, and the second slag conveying mechanism is horizontally installed in the tunnel; the output end of the first slag conveying mechanism corresponds to the upper part of the entrance end of the second slag conveying mechanism; the first slag conveying mechanism conveys the slag generated by the tunnel boring machine to the second slag conveying mechanism, and then the second slag conveying mechanism conveys it out; dust suppression nozzles (the number depends on the specific space) are installed at the entrance end of the second slag conveying mechanism; when the first slag conveying mechanism conveys slag to the second slag conveying mechanism, dust will inevitably be generated due to the falling slag; therefore, spraying water at this location through the dust suppression nozzles can reduce dust generation; the dust suppression nozzles are connected to an externally controlled water pump via water pipes.

[0006] According to the present invention, a ventilation and dust suppression system for railway tunnel construction is characterized in that: the second slag conveying mechanism comprises a support frame, a conveying unit, and a shielding shed; the conveying unit is installed via the support frame, and the shielding shed is installed on the support frame; a guide rail is formed on the upper end surface of the support frame; the dust removal fan is movably mounted on the support frame via a mobile trolley, and can move along the upper end of the guide rail of the support frame, facilitating position adjustment in coordination with the movement of the tunnel boring machine.

[0007] According to the present invention, a ventilation and dust suppression system for railway tunnel construction is characterized in that the main body of the negative pressure duct is supported on the support frame of the second slag conveying mechanism by a plurality of first supports.

[0008] According to the present invention, a ventilation and dust suppression system for railway tunnel construction is characterized in that the negative pressure duct is a plastic corrugated pipe with a telescopic range, and the front end of the negative pressure duct can be moved accordingly by the tunnel boring machine.

[0009] According to the present invention, a ventilation and dust suppression system for railway tunnel construction is characterized in that it further includes a tunnel ventilation door, which is located near the output end of the first slag conveying mechanism, and the tunnel ventilation door isolates the inner cavity of the tunnel construction site.

[0010] This utility model has the following advantages: This railway tunnel construction ventilation and dust suppression system effectively overcomes the shortcomings of traditional technologies, possesses significant technical advantages and practical value, and its specific beneficial effects are as follows:

[0011] (1) This system integrates front-end dust collection, transmission section spraying and physical isolation functions to form a closed loop of dust control. The front-end dust collection port of the negative pressure ventilation duct is close to the tunneling face, which can immediately adsorb the high concentration of dust generated during construction; the dust suppression nozzle at the connection of the slag and stone transmission, together with the shielding canopy, sprays water to suppress dust and block the spread of dust when the slag and stone fall; the tunnel ventilation door controls the airflow in zones, guides the polluted air to flow in a direction to the negative pressure ventilation duct, and realizes efficient treatment of dust "generation-suppression-collection" throughout the whole process. Compared with the traditional single dust suppression method, the dust suppression efficiency is greatly improved.

[0012] (2) The negative pressure ventilation duct adopts a retractable plastic corrugated pipe, which can move forward synchronously with the tunnel boring machine to always maintain an effective distance between the dust suction port and the working face; the dust removal fan is equipped with a mobile trolley, which can flexibly adjust its position along the guide rail of the slag conveying mechanism support frame to ensure that the ventilation and dust suppression equipment is dynamically matched with the tunneling progress. This design avoids the problem of effect attenuation caused by traditional fixed equipment being too far from the working face, reduces the frequency of equipment disassembly and assembly, significantly improves construction efficiency, and reduces operation and maintenance costs.

[0013] (3) The negative pressure ventilation duct adsorbs dust at close range, shortens the airflow transmission path, and reduces the energy consumption of the dust removal fan; the zoned control of the tunnel ventilation door reduces ineffective airflow loss and optimizes the energy efficiency of the ventilation system. At the same time, the system has a compact structure, uses the slag conveying mechanism support frame to install the ventilation duct and fan, makes reasonable use of tunnel space, and reduces additional land occupation; the combination of the shielding canopy and spray dust suppression avoids water accumulation in the tunnel, eliminates construction safety hazards caused by slippery conditions, and provides a safe and green working environment for railway tunnel construction.

[0014] (4) The number of dust suppression nozzles can be flexibly adjusted according to the tunnel cross-section size and transmission port space to adapt to tunnel projects of different scales; the modular design of the slag conveying mechanism and ventilation system makes it easy to combine and expand according to actual construction needs, and is applicable to various underground tunneling scenarios such as railway tunnels, highway tunnels, and mine roadways, with good versatility and market promotion value. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall implementation of this application;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the end face implementation of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following will be combined with the appendix Figures 1-2This utility model will be described in detail, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0018] This utility model provides a ventilation and dust suppression system for railway tunnel construction, such as... Figures 1-2 As shown, it can be implemented in the following manner; its components include a first slag conveying mechanism 2 located at the tail end of the tunnel boring machine 1, a second slag conveying mechanism 3 for conveying construction slag from inside the tunnel, a negative pressure ventilation duct 4 horizontally supported above the first slag conveying mechanism 2 and the second slag conveying mechanism 3, and a dust removal fan 5 connected to the negative pressure ventilation duct 4. The front dust suction port 4-1 of the negative pressure ventilation duct 4 is fixed to the top of the tunnel boring machine 1 by a first bracket 4-2. When the tunnel boring machine 1 is excavating the inner end of the tunnel, the front dust suction port 4-1 can directly absorb the generated smoke and dust.

[0019] The first slag conveying mechanism 2 is inclinedly installed at the tail end of the tunnel boring machine 1, and the second slag conveying mechanism 3 is horizontally installed in the tunnel. The output end of the first slag conveying mechanism 2 corresponds to the upper end of the entrance end of the second slag conveying mechanism 3. The first slag conveying mechanism 2 conveys the slag generated by the tunnel boring machine 1 to the second slag conveying mechanism 3, and then the second slag conveying mechanism 3 conveys it out. Dust suppression nozzles 6 (the number depends on the specific space) are installed at the entrance end of the second slag conveying mechanism 3. When the first slag conveying mechanism 2 conveys slag to the second slag conveying mechanism 3, dust will inevitably be generated due to the falling slag. The dust suppression nozzles 6 spray water at this location to reduce dust generation. The dust suppression nozzles 6 are connected to an externally controlled water pump through water pipes.

[0020] The second slag conveying mechanism 3 comprises a support frame 3-1, a conveying unit 3-2, and a shielding shed 3-3. The conveying unit 3-2 is installed on the support frame 3-1, and the shielding shed 3-3 is installed on the support frame 3-1. A guide rail is formed on the upper end surface of the support frame 3-1. The dust removal fan 5 is movably mounted on the support frame 3-1 via a moving trolley 7 and can move along the upper end of the guide rail of the support frame 3-1, so as to facilitate the adjustment of its position in coordination with the movement of the tunnel boring machine 1.

[0021] The main body of the negative pressure ventilation duct 4 is supported on the support frame 3-1 of the second slag conveying mechanism 3 by multiple first brackets 4-3.

[0022] The negative pressure ventilation duct 4 is a plastic corrugated pipe with a telescopic range, and the front end of the negative pressure ventilation duct 4 can be moved accordingly by the tunnel boring machine 1.

[0023] It also includes a tunnel ventilation door 8, which is located near the output end of the first slag conveying mechanism 2. The tunnel ventilation door 8 isolates the inner cavity of the tunnel construction site.

[0024] The implementation process of this application will be described below;

[0025] I. System Installation Phase

[0026] Installation of the slag conveying mechanism: The first slag conveying mechanism 2 is tilted and fixed to the tail end of the tunnel boring machine 1, ensuring that its tilt angle meets the design requirements and that the slag can smoothly slide to the conveying port. The second slag conveying mechanism 3 is horizontally installed at a suitable position inside the tunnel. The support frame 3-1 is adjusted to stably support the conveying unit 3-2, and a shielding canopy 3-3 is installed on the support frame 3-1. After completion, a corresponding number of dust suppression nozzles 6 are installed at the entrance end of the conveying mechanism according to the space size, and connected to an external control water pump through water pipes to ensure unobstructed water flow.

[0027] Installation of ventilation and dust suppression equipment: The main body of the negative pressure ventilation duct 4 is supported and fixed on the support frame 3-1 of the second slag conveying mechanism 3 using multiple first brackets 4-3. Then, the dust suppression and suction port 4-1 at the front end of the negative pressure ventilation duct 4 is securely installed on the top of the tunnel boring machine 1 using first brackets 4-2. The dust removal fan 5 is installed on the mobile trolley 7, and the mobile trolley 7 is placed on the guide rail on the upper end of the support frame 3-1. The fan is adjusted to ensure that it can move smoothly along the guide rail. A detachable tunnel ventilation door 8 is installed near the output end of the first slag conveying mechanism 2 to ensure that the door opens and closes flexibly and can effectively isolate the tunnel construction cavity.

[0028] II. System Operation Phase

[0029] Tunnel excavation operation: When the tunnel boring machine 1 starts to excavate the inner end of the tunnel, the generated dust will be immediately absorbed by the dust collection port 4-1 fixed at the front end of the top of the tunnel boring machine. The dust will be transported to the subsequent processing equipment through the negative pressure ventilation duct 4 under the action of the dust removal fan 5.

[0030] Excavated rock transport operation: Excavated rock generated by the tunnel boring machine 1 is inclined and slides down through the first excavated rock transport mechanism 2 to the entrance of the second excavated rock transport mechanism 3. During this process, dust suppression nozzles 6 spray water under the drive of an externally controlled water pump to suppress the dust generated by the falling excavated rock. After the excavated rock enters the transport unit 3-2 of the second excavated rock transport mechanism 3, it is transported out of the tunnel by the transport unit 3-2 under the cover of the shielding canopy 3-3.

[0031] Dynamic equipment adjustment: As the tunnel boring machine 1 advances forward, it drives the front end of the negative pressure ventilation duct 4 to move synchronously. Since the negative pressure ventilation duct 4 is a retractable plastic corrugated pipe, it can adapt to changes in length. At the same time, the operator adjusts the position of the dust removal fan 5 on the guide rail of the support frame 3-1 by moving the trolley 7 according to the distance the tunnel boring machine has traveled, ensuring that the dust removal fan 5 maintains a reasonable distance from the tunneling face and sustains the efficient operation of the system. III. System Maintenance and Management Phase

[0032] Regularly check the water spray status and water pipe connections of the dust suppression nozzles 6, and clean any blockages to ensure effective dust suppression. Inspect the negative pressure ventilation duct 4 for damage or leaks, and repair or replace it promptly. Perform regular maintenance on the dust removal fan 5, check the operation of the mobile trolley 7 on the guide rails to ensure smooth fan movement, and monitor the sealing and opening / closing functions of the tunnel ventilation door 8 to ensure effective isolation of the construction area. Based on the construction progress and dust monitoring data, flexibly adjust the water spray volume and number of operating dust suppression nozzles 6, as well as the operating power of the dust removal fan 5, to achieve energy-efficient and effective ventilation and dust suppression.

[0033] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A ventilation and dust suppression system for railway tunnel construction, characterized in that... ； Its components include a first slag conveying mechanism located at the tail end of the tunnel boring machine, a second slag conveying mechanism for conveying construction slag from inside the tunnel, a negative pressure ventilation duct horizontally supported above the first and second slag conveying mechanisms, and a dust removal fan connected to the negative pressure ventilation duct. The front dust suction port of the negative pressure ventilation duct is fixed to the top of the tunnel boring machine by a first bracket. When the tunnel boring machine is excavating the inner end of the tunnel, the front dust suction port can directly absorb the generated smoke and dust.

2. The ventilation and dust suppression system for railway tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that; The first slag conveying mechanism is inclinedly installed at the tail end of the tunnel boring machine, and the second slag conveying mechanism is horizontally installed in the tunnel. The output end of the first slag conveying mechanism corresponds to the upper part of the entrance end of the second slag conveying mechanism. The first slag conveying mechanism conveys the slag generated by the tunnel boring machine to the second slag conveying mechanism, and then the second slag conveying mechanism conveys it out. A dust suppression nozzle is installed at the entrance end of the second slag conveying mechanism, and the dust suppression nozzle is connected to an externally controlled water pump through a water pipe.

3. The ventilation and dust suppression system for railway tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that; The second slag conveying mechanism comprises a support frame, a conveying unit, and a shielding shed. The conveying unit is installed on the support frame, and the shielding shed is installed on the support frame. A guide rail is formed on the upper end surface of the support frame. The dust removal fan is movably mounted on the support frame via a mobile trolley and can move along the upper end of the guide rail of the support frame, facilitating position adjustment in coordination with the movement of the tunnel boring machine.

4. The ventilation and dust suppression system for railway tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that; The main body of the negative pressure ventilation duct is supported on the support frame of the second slag conveying mechanism by multiple first brackets.

5. The ventilation and dust suppression system for railway tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that; The negative pressure ventilation duct is a plastic corrugated pipe with a telescopic range, and the front end of the negative pressure ventilation duct can be moved accordingly by the tunnel boring machine.

6. The ventilation and dust suppression system for railway tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that; It also includes tunnel ventilation doors, which are located near the output end of the first slag conveying mechanism and are used to isolate the inner cavity of the tunnel construction site.

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