Fireproof composite cable

Abstract

This utility model discloses a fire-resistant composite cable, relating to the field of cable technology. It includes a cable core composed of three ring-shaped cores, each core comprising a conductor and a fire-resistant insulation layer. An inner fire-resistant layer, a shielding layer, a buffer layer, and an outer fire-resistant protective layer are sequentially arranged outside the cable core. A spiral-shaped heat-dissipating copper alloy strip is disposed between the cable core and the inner fire-resistant layer. The surface of the heat-dissipating copper alloy strip is coated with heat-dissipating silicone grease. The fire-resistant insulation layer is tightly wrapped around the outside of the conductor using an extrusion process. The inner fire-resistant layer is bonded to the outer surface of the cable core using a hot-pressing process. The shielding layer is sequentially arranged outside the inner fire-resistant layer using wrapping, fixing, and braiding methods. The buffer layer is covered on the outer surface of the shielding layer using a coating molding process. The outer fire-resistant protective layer is wrapped around the outside of the buffer layer using an extrusion molding process. This design solves the problems of poor fire resistance, insufficient flexibility and mechanical strength, and poor electromagnetic shielding performance of traditional cables.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cable technology, specifically to a fire-resistant composite cable. Background Technology

[0002] Cables are widely used in fields such as power transmission and signal control. With the increasing safety requirements in modern buildings and industrial production, the fire resistance of cables has become a key indicator. Currently, the fire resistance of traditional cables has certain limitations. For example, in the event of a fire, the insulation and outer sheath of some cables are easily ignited, leading to the spread of fire, which not only affects power supply but may also cause serious safety accidents. Even cables with some flame-retardant capabilities will have their internal structure rapidly damaged at high temperatures, failing to guarantee the stability of power transmission. Furthermore, traditional fire-resistant cables lack flexibility and mechanical strength, making them difficult to adapt to complex laying environments. They also have shortcomings in heat dissipation and electromagnetic shielding. Prolonged high-load operation leads to internal heat accumulation, reducing the cable's lifespan and fire safety, while electromagnetic interference affects signal transmission quality.

[0003] For example, the Chinese authorized patent CN215988177U, entitled "A Fireproof Composite Cable", includes a cable core, an insulation layer outside the cable core, a fireproof layer formed by filling the insulation layer with fireproof powder, an outer sheath layer outside the fireproof layer, and several expansion members inside the fireproof layer.

[0004] The aforementioned existing technologies typically only add flame retardants to the insulation layer or outer sheath, resulting in limited flame-retardant effects. Under prolonged exposure to high-temperature flames, they are insufficient to effectively prevent flame propagation. While some fire-resistant cables utilize materials such as ceramicized silicone rubber to enhance fire resistance, they do not meet current requirements in terms of flexibility, mechanical strength, and overall fire and heat insulation. Therefore, we propose a fire-resistant composite cable. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fire-resistant composite cable to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as poor fire resistance, insufficient flexibility and mechanical strength, and poor electromagnetic shielding performance of traditional cables.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a fire-resistant composite cable, comprising a cable core, the cable core being composed of three ring-shaped cores, each core including a conductor and a fire-resistant insulation layer, the cable core being sequentially provided with an inner fire-resistant layer, a shielding layer, a buffer layer, and an outer fire-resistant protective layer, a spiral heat-dissipating copper alloy strip being disposed between the cable core and the inner fire-resistant layer, the surface of the heat-dissipating copper alloy strip being coated with heat-dissipating silicone grease, the fire-resistant insulation layer being tightly wrapped around the outside of the conductor by an extrusion process, the inner fire-resistant layer being bonded to the outer surface of the cable core by a hot-pressing process, the shielding layer being sequentially disposed outside the inner fire-resistant layer by wrapping, fixing, and braiding, the buffer layer being covered on the outer surface of the shielding layer by a coating molding process, and the outer fire-resistant protective layer being wrapped around the outside of the buffer layer by an extrusion molding process.

[0007] Preferably, the conductor is made of multi-strand silver-plated copper alloy wire, which is twisted in layers with adjacent layers twisted in opposite directions.

[0008] Preferably, the fireproof insulation layer is made of modified ceramicized silicone rubber material, which has nano-sized expanded graphite flame retardant particles and basalt fibers uniformly distributed inside. The nano-sized expanded graphite flame retardant particles and basalt fibers are uniformly mixed in during the mixing stage of the modified ceramicized silicone rubber raw materials.

[0009] Preferably, the inner fireproof layer is composed of a base layer and a fiber cloth layer. The base layer is an aerogel felt, and the fiber cloth layer is a fiber cloth layer graphene aerogel composite ceramic fiber cloth. The base layer is bonded to the outer surface of the cable core by an adhesive, and the fiber cloth layer is tightly bonded to the base layer by a hot pressing process.

[0010] Preferably, the shielding layer has a three-layer structure: an inner shielding strip layer made of copper foil shielding strip, a middle array layer made of ferrite magnetic beads, and an outer braided mesh layer made of silver-plated copper wire braided mesh. The shielding strip layer is wrapped around the outside of the inner fireproof layer with an overlap ratio using a wrapping machine. The ferrite magnetic beads are fixed in an array outside the shielding strip layer with glue. The silver-plated copper wire is woven around the outside of the ferrite magnetic bead array layer using a braiding machine, and the ends of the braided wires are fixed by welding.

[0011] Preferably, the buffer layer has multiple honeycomb holes inside, and the honeycomb holes are filled with phase change energy storage material. The honeycomb holes are formed by molding, and the phase change energy storage material is filled into the honeycomb holes during the molding process.

[0012] Preferably, the surface of the outer fireproof protective layer is provided with serrated protrusions, and the outer fireproof protective layer is composed of expandable graphite and carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin. After the expandable graphite and carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin are mixed evenly, they are extruded and formed by an extruder with a serrated mold, and then covered on the outside of the buffer layer.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] 1. This utility model significantly improves the fire resistance and mechanical strength of the cable by adding nano-sized expanded graphite flame-retardant particles and basalt fiber to the fireproof insulation layer and combining it with modified ceramicized silicone rubber material; the inner fireproof heat insulation layer is composed of an aerogel felt layer and a graphene aerogel composite ceramic fiber cloth layer, which more efficiently blocks heat transfer, and at the same time uses graphene aerogel to disperse and conduct heat, so that the cable can maintain normal operation for a long time in a fire environment, greatly improving the fire safety of the cable.

[0015] 2. The spiral heat-dissipating copper alloy strip and the heat-dissipating silicone grease on the surface of the cable core and the inner fireproof insulation layer of this utility model can quickly dissipate the heat generated by the cable core, avoid heat accumulation, effectively improve the heat dissipation performance of the cable, and extend the service life of the cable; the conductor is made of multi-strand silver-plated copper alloy wire, and the surface of the outer fireproof protective layer is provided with serrated protrusions, combined with the honeycomb buffer layer structure, which enhances the flexibility of the cable and its ability to buffer external forces, making construction and installation convenient and adaptable to complex laying environments.

[0016] 3. The three-layer shielding structure of this utility model, through the combination of copper foil shielding tape, ferrite bead array layer and silver-plated copper wire braided mesh, can more comprehensively and effectively shield electromagnetic interference of different frequencies, ensuring the stability and accuracy of cable signal transmission; the outer fireproof protection layer is composed of expandable graphite and carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin, which not only has good fire resistance, but also has high mechanical strength and aging resistance, effectively protecting the internal structure of the cable and adapting to a variety of complex application environments; the setting of phase change energy storage material in the buffer layer helps to regulate the internal temperature of the cable, further improving the performance of the cable. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal fireproof layer structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the shielding layer structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer layer structure of this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Cable core; 2. Wire core; 21. Conductor; 22. Fireproof insulation layer; 3. Inner fireproof layer; 31. Base layer; 32. Fiber cloth layer; 4. Shielding layer; 41. Shielding tape layer; 42. Array layer; 43. Braided mesh layer; 5. Buffer layer; 51. Honeycomb holes; 52. Phase change energy storage material; 6. Outer fireproof layer; 61. Serrated protrusion; 7. Heat dissipation copper alloy strip. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0024] Please see Figure 1-5 The present invention provides an embodiment of a fireproof composite cable, comprising a cable core 1, which is composed of three annularly distributed wire cores 2. Each wire core 2 includes a conductor 21 and a fireproof insulation layer 22. An inner fireproof layer 3, a shielding layer 4, a buffer layer 5, and an outer fireproof protection layer 6 are sequentially arranged on the outside of the cable core 1. A spiral heat-dissipating copper alloy strip 7 is arranged between the cable core 1 and the inner fireproof layer 3. The surface of the heat-dissipating copper alloy strip 7 is coated with heat-dissipating silicone grease. The fireproof insulation layer 22 is tightly wrapped around the outside of the conductor 21 by an extrusion process. The inner fireproof layer 3 is bonded to the outer surface of the cable core 1 by a hot-pressing process. The shielding layer 4 is sequentially arranged outside the inner fireproof layer 3 by wrapping, fixing, and braiding. The buffer layer 5 is covered on the outer surface of the shielding layer 4 by a coating molding process. The outer fireproof protection layer 6 is wrapped around the outside of the buffer layer 5 by an extrusion molding process.

[0025] Three ring-shaped conductors 2 balance the internal electric field distribution of the cable. The heat-dissipating copper alloy strip 7 utilizes the high thermal conductivity of copper, along with heat-dissipating silicone grease, to quickly conduct the heat generated by the conductor 1 to the outside of the inner fireproof layer 3. Each layer is tightly bonded through a specific process, forming a multi-layered protective structure. When exposed to fire, the outer fireproof protective layer 6, the inner fireproof layer 3, and the fireproof insulation layer 22 sequentially play a flame-retardant role, preventing the spread of flames and heat inward. The ring-shaped conductor design makes the electric field distribution of the cable more uniform, reducing the risk of local overheating. The combination of multi-layered protection and efficient heat dissipation structure allows the cable to maintain stable operation in high-temperature environments, extending its service life. Furthermore, it can effectively delay the damage of fire to the conductor in the event of a fire, ensuring the continuity of power transmission.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2The conductor 21 is made of multi-strand silver-plated copper alloy wire. The multi-strand silver-plated copper alloy wire is twisted in layers with adjacent layers twisted in opposite directions. The silver plating reduces the surface resistance of the conductor 21 and improves its conductivity. The structure of layered twisting with adjacent layers in opposite directions can effectively cancel the electromagnetic field generated during current transmission, reduce skin effect and electromagnetic loss, and enhance the flexibility of the cable.

[0027] Furthermore, the fireproof insulation layer 22 is made of modified ceramicized silicone rubber, which contains uniformly distributed nano-sized expanded graphite flame-retardant particles and basalt fibers. The nano-sized expanded graphite flame-retardant particles and basalt fibers are uniformly mixed in during the mixing stage of the modified ceramicized silicone rubber raw materials. When exposed to fire, the nano-sized expanded graphite flame-retardant particles expand rapidly under heat, forming a fluffy heat-insulating carbonized layer that blocks heat and oxygen. The basalt fibers enhance the strength of the carbonized layer and prevent it from cracking and falling off. The modified ceramicized silicone rubber gradually transforms into a ceramic body at high temperatures, continuously playing an insulating and fireproof role.

[0028] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The inner fireproof layer 3 is composed of a base layer 31 and a fiber cloth layer 32. The base layer 31 is an aerogel felt, and the fiber cloth layer 32 is a fiber cloth layer graphene aerogel composite ceramic fiber cloth. The base layer 31 is bonded to the outer surface of the cable core 1 by an adhesive, and the fiber cloth layer 32 is tightly bonded to the base layer 31 by a hot pressing process.

[0029] Aerogel felt has extremely low thermal conductivity, effectively blocking external heat transfer to cable core 1. Graphene aerogel composite ceramic fiber cloth utilizes the high thermal conductivity of graphene to rapidly disperse localized heat, while the ceramic fiber cloth provides structural support and fire resistance. The combination of the two forms a highly efficient heat insulation and fireproof barrier. The inner fireproof layer 3 can significantly reduce the temperature rise of cable core 1 in high-temperature environments. Even in high-temperature fire scenarios, it can maintain the normal operating temperature of cable core 1 for a long time, while also possessing good flexibility and mechanical strength.

[0030] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The shielding layer 4 has a three-layer structure: the inner layer is a shielding strip layer 41, which is a copper foil shielding strip; the middle layer is an array layer 42, which is an array of ferrite beads; and the outer layer is a braided mesh layer 43, which is a silver-plated copper wire braided mesh. The shielding strip layer 41 is wrapped around the outside of the inner fireproof layer 3 by a wrapping machine with an overlap ratio. The ferrite beads are fixed in an array on the outside of the shielding strip layer 41 by glue. The silver-plated copper wire is woven on the outside of the ferrite bead array layer 42 by a braiding machine, and the ends of the braided wire are fixed by welding.

[0031] The copper foil shielding layer 41 has a good reflective effect on low-frequency electromagnetic interference; the ferrite bead array layer 42 can absorb electromagnetic interference signals in specific frequency bands; and the silver-plated copper wire braided mesh layer 43 can effectively shield high-frequency electromagnetic interference. The three layers work together to form a full-band electromagnetic shielding system. This shielding layer 4 can significantly reduce the impact of external electromagnetic interference on the internal signal transmission of the cable, ensuring the stability and accuracy of signal transmission.

[0032] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The buffer layer 5 has multiple honeycomb holes 51 inside, and the honeycomb holes 51 are filled with phase change energy storage material 52. The honeycomb holes 51 are formed by a mold, and the phase change energy storage material 52 is filled into the honeycomb holes 51 during the forming process.

[0033] The honeycomb structure 51 effectively disperses external pressure. When the cable is subjected to compression or impact, the buffer layer 5 absorbs energy through deformation, protecting the internal structure. The phase change energy storage material 52 absorbs heat and undergoes a phase change when the cable temperature rises, and releases heat when the temperature drops, thus regulating the internal temperature of the cable. The buffer layer 5 enhances the cable's resistance to compression and impact, reducing the impact of external mechanical damage on cable performance. The temperature control function of the phase change energy storage material 52 reduces the safety risks caused by overheating due to overload, extending the cable's service life.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 The outer fireproof protective layer 6 has serrated protrusions 61 on its surface. The outer fireproof protective layer 6 is composed of expandable graphite and carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin. After the expandable graphite and carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin are mixed evenly, they are extruded and formed by an extruder with a serrated die, and then covered on the outside of the buffer layer 5. When exposed to fire, the expandable graphite expands rapidly to form a dense heat-insulating carbonized layer, which isolates the flame and heat. The carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin gives the outer fireproof protective layer 6 high mechanical strength. The serrated protrusions 61 increase the surface area of ​​the outer fireproof protective layer 6, which helps to dissipate heat. At the same time, they can increase friction during cable laying, which facilitates construction operations.

[0035] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fire-resistant composite cable, comprising a cable core (1), characterized in that: The cable core (1) is composed of three ring-shaped wire cores (2). Each wire core (2) includes a conductor (21) and a fireproof insulation layer (22). The cable core (1) is provided with an inner fireproof layer (3), a shielding layer (4), a buffer layer (5), and an outer fireproof protection layer (6) in sequence. A spiral heat-dissipating copper alloy strip (7) is provided between the cable core (1) and the inner fireproof layer (3). The surface of the heat-dissipating copper alloy strip (7) is coated with heat-dissipating silicone grease. The fireproof insulation layer (22) is tightly wrapped around the outside of the conductor (21) by an extrusion process. The inner fireproof layer (3) is bonded to the outer surface of the cable core (1) by a hot pressing process. The shielding layer (4) is arranged around the outside of the inner fireproof layer (3) by wrapping, fixing, and braiding. The buffer layer (5) is covered on the outer surface of the shielding layer (4) by a coating molding process. The outer fireproof protection layer (6) is wrapped around the outside of the buffer layer (5) by an extrusion molding process.

2. The fire-resistant composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductor (21) is made of multi-strand silver-plated copper alloy wire, which is twisted in layers with adjacent layers twisted in opposite directions.

3. The fire-resistant composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fireproof insulation layer (22) is made of modified ceramicized silicone rubber.

4. The fire-resistant composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner fireproof layer (3) is composed of a base layer (31) and a fiber cloth layer (32). The base layer (31) is an aerogel felt, and the fiber cloth layer (32) is a fiber cloth layer graphene aerogel composite ceramic fiber cloth. The base layer (31) is bonded to the outer surface of the cable core (1) by an adhesive, and the fiber cloth layer (32) is tightly bonded to the base layer (31) by a hot pressing process.

5. A fire-resistant composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding layer (4) has a three-layer structure. The inner layer is a shielding strip layer (41), which is a copper foil shielding strip. The middle layer is an array layer (42), which is an array of ferrite beads. The outer layer is a braided mesh layer (43), which is a silver-plated copper wire braided mesh. The shielding strip layer (41) is wrapped around the outside of the inner fireproof layer (3) by a wrapping machine with an overlap ratio. The ferrite beads are fixed in an array outside the shielding strip layer (41) by glue. The silver-plated copper wire is woven around the outside of the ferrite bead array layer (42) by a braiding machine. The ends of the braided wire are fixed by welding.

6. A fire-resistant composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer layer (5) has multiple honeycomb holes (51) inside, and the honeycomb holes (51) are filled with phase change energy storage material (52). The honeycomb holes (51) are formed by a mold, and the phase change energy storage material (52) is filled into the honeycomb holes (51) during the forming process.

7. A fire-resistant composite cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer fireproof protective layer (6) has serrated protrusions (61) on its surface, and the outer fireproof protective layer (6) is composed of expandable graphite and carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin. After the expandable graphite and carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin are mixed evenly, they are extruded and formed by an extruder with a serrated mold and covered on the outside of the buffer layer (5).

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