A low-vibration, low-noise stepping motor

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of low vibration, low noise stepping motor, including stator lamination and rotor lamination, the inside of stator lamination and rotor lamination is provided with the small tooth of improving electromagnetic coupling efficiency, the tooth slot ratio, tooth width, tooth shape and the included angle of adjacent small tooth of small tooth are all optimized improvement, the inside of stator lamination and rotor lamination is all increased and is set, it is related to the technical field of stepping motor.The utility model is designed by the tooth slot ratio, tooth width, tooth shape, the included angle of adjacent small tooth, the riveting point of stator lamination eight big poles on small tooth, the tooth slot ratio, tooth width, tooth shape, the riveting point of rotor lamination on small tooth, design optimization is carried out, reduce high harmonic, reduce tooth slot torque, make motor low-speed operation stability better, vibration and noise are smaller.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of stepper motor technology, specifically a low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor. Background Technology

[0002] A stepper motor is an open-loop controlled electric motor that precisely converts electrical pulse signals into corresponding angular or linear displacements. Through pulse commands from a controller, it drives the internal stator windings to be energized in a specific sequence, generating a rotating magnetic field that pulls the rotor to rotate by a fixed angle (called the step angle) in a "stepping" manner. Its greatest advantage is that it achieves precise speed and position control without position feedback. It boasts advantages such as simple structure, accurate positioning, fast response, no cumulative error, and high torque at low speeds, and is widely used in CNC machine tools, 3D printers, robots, automated instruments, precision positioning, and other fields requiring precise motion control.

[0003] However, the design of the small teeth in the stator and rotor of the existing stepper motor is inadequate, resulting in problems such as high noise and poor stability when the stepper motor is working. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor. By optimizing the design of the tooth spacer ratio, tooth width, tooth shape, included angle between adjacent small teeth, and overlapping points of the small teeth on the eight large poles of the stator lamination, as well as the tooth spacer ratio, tooth width, tooth shape, and overlapping points of the small teeth on the rotor lamination, high-order harmonics are reduced, cogging torque is decreased, and the motor achieves better low-speed operation stability, with less vibration and noise. This solves the problems mentioned in the background art and overcomes its technical defects.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor, including stator laminations and rotor laminations, wherein small teeth are provided inside the stator laminations and rotor laminations to improve electromagnetic coupling efficiency, and the tooth-to-groove ratio, tooth width, tooth shape and the included angle between adjacent small teeth are all optimized and improved, and the number of riveting points inside the stator laminations and rotor laminations is increased.

[0006] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor, wherein the inner circumferential annular array of the stator laminations is provided with stator teeth, and the outer circumferential annular array of the rotor laminations is provided with rotor teeth, wherein the stator teeth and the rotor teeth are coupled together.

[0007] As a further embodiment of this utility model: a low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor, wherein the cogging ratio of the stator teeth is greater than that of conventional stator laminations, so as to reduce the cogging torque value and tooth magnetic flux density in the stator teeth.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model: a low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor, wherein the stator pinion teeth adopt an unequal tooth width design to reduce the low-order harmonics of the stepper motor and improve torque stability.

[0009] As a further solution of this utility model: a low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor, wherein the stator teeth are semi-elliptical and have large rounded corners at the tooth tips, and the included angle between adjacent teeth in the stator teeth adopts an unequal tooth pitch design.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model: a low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor, wherein the tooth-to-groove ratio of the rotor small teeth is greater than that of conventional rotor laminations, so as to enhance the magnetic permeability path interface and tooth magnetic density of the rotor small teeth.

[0011] As a further solution of this utility model: a low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor, wherein the tooth width of the rotor pinion is passively designed according to the tooth width of the stator pinion.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model: a low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor, wherein the rotor teeth have a trapezoidal design and large rounded corners at the tooth tips.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model include:

[0014] The design of this application optimizes the tooth spacer ratio, tooth width, tooth shape, included angle between adjacent small teeth, and overlapping riveting points of the small teeth on the eight major poles of the stator lamination, as well as the tooth spacer ratio, tooth width, tooth shape, and overlapping riveting points of the small teeth on the rotor lamination. This reduces high-order harmonics, decreases cogging torque, and makes the motor run more smoothly at low speeds with less vibration and noise. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The disclosure of this utility model is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts. Wherein:

[0016] Figure 1 The schematic diagram shows a structural schematic of a rotor lamination and rotor pinion according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 The diagram schematically shows an enlarged view of point A according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 The schematic diagram shows a structural schematic of a stator lamination and a stator tooth according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4The diagram schematically shows an enlarged view of point B according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 The schematic diagram shows the structure of a conventional stator lamination and a rotor lamination according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] The numbers in the diagram are: 1. Stator lamination; 10. Stator small tooth; 2. Rotor lamination; 20. Rotor small tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0022] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solution of this utility model, those skilled in the art can propose various interchangeable structural methods and implementations without altering the essential spirit of this utility model. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative descriptions of the technical solution of this utility model and should not be considered as the entirety of this utility model or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solution of this utility model.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor is shown in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It includes a stator lamination 1 and a rotor lamination 2. The stator lamination 1 and rotor lamination 2 are internally provided with small teeth to improve electromagnetic coupling efficiency. Specifically, the inner circumferential annular array of stator small teeth 10 is provided, and the outer circumferential annular array of rotor small teeth 20 is provided. The stator small teeth 10 and rotor small teeth 20 are coupled. The design of this application optimizes the tooth spacing ratio, tooth width, tooth shape, included angle between adjacent small teeth, and overlapping points of the small teeth on the eight major poles of the stator lamination 1, as well as the tooth spacing ratio, tooth width, tooth shape, and overlapping points of the small teeth on the rotor lamination 2. This reduces high-order harmonics, decreases cogging torque, and improves the motor's low-speed operation smoothness, resulting in lower vibration and noise.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] First, the slot ratio of the stator small tooth 10 is greater than that of the conventional stator lamination, in order to reduce the slot torque and magnetic flux density in the stator small tooth 10. The slot ratio of the conventional stator small tooth is between 1 and 2:1. Although this type of slot ratio can provide sufficient magnetic conductive area and ensure that the stator small tooth has a certain slot area to accommodate the winding, this slot ratio has the problem of unstable magnetic flux density in the tooth, which leads to local magnetic saturation of the stator. Therefore, the improved stator small tooth 10 of this application has a slot ratio of 1.3-2.3:1, which adopts a slot width reduction scheme. This can reduce the magnitude of the slot torque in the stator small tooth 10, thereby using a larger tooth width to reduce the magnetic flux density and low-frequency harmonics.

[0026] In addition, the stator pinion 10 adopts an unequal tooth width design to reduce the low-order harmonics of the stepper motor and improve torque stability. The conventional stator pinion tooth width is 0.66mm, while the improved stator pinion 10 of this application has a tooth width of 0.64-0.66mm, and the design is a structure that is wide in the middle and narrow on both sides. This allows the stator pinion 10 to have the widest pinion near the magnetic pole center line within the pole arc range of a single large pole, while the width of the pinion gradually decreases in the direction of the pole tips on both sides. Therefore, the unequal tooth width design can more effectively simulate the sinusoidal distribution of magnetomotive force, making the air gap magnetic flux density waveform detected when the stepper motor is working closer to a sine wave, thereby significantly reducing the low-order harmonics of the stepper motor, improving torque stability, and reducing noise.

[0027] Meanwhile, the stator pinion 10 has a semi-elliptical tooth profile. Compared with the trapezoidal tooth structure in conventional stator pinions, this semi-elliptical tooth has the advantage of a smoother change in air gap magnetic permeability from the tooth center to the slot center, achieving the purpose of smoothing the air gap magnetic permeability waveform. This can significantly reduce cogging torque and high-order spatial harmonics. The large rounded corner at the tooth tip, with an R0.5 radius, can further smooth the magnetic field transition at the tooth edge, reduce local magnetic field distortion and edge effects, and help reduce high-frequency noise and specific harmonics. The included angle between adjacent pinions in the stator pinion 10 adopts an unequal tooth pitch design. This unequal tooth pitch design can effectively weaken the cogging torque and suppress specific order electromagnetic force waves, thereby reducing vibration and noise.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] The number of riveting points inside the stator lamination 1 and rotor lamination 2 is increased, which can effectively improve the structural strength of the stator lamination 1 and rotor lamination 2.

[0030] Example 3

[0031] The tooth-to-groove ratio of the rotor small tooth 20 is greater than that of the conventional rotor lamination, in order to enhance the magnetic permeability path interface and the magnetic flux density of the tooth. The ratio of the rotor small tooth 10 is between 1 and 1.8:1, which is higher than the conventional ratio of 1.2 to 1.5:1. This increases the magnetic permeability path cross section of the rotor small tooth 20 and reduces the magnetic flux density to reduce the risk of saturation.

[0032] In addition, the tooth width of the rotor pinion 20 is passively designed based on the tooth width of the stator pinion 10. This design is to ensure that the stator extreme width and rotor extreme width are within the range of 0.8-0.9 mm, so as to ensure the stable operation of the stepper motor. As shown in the attached figure, the tooth width of the conventional rotor pinion is 0.65 mm, while the tooth width of the improved rotor pinion 20 is 0.63 mm. The tooth width of the conventional stator pinion is 0.66 mm, while the tooth width of the improved stator pinion 10 is 0.64 mm.

[0033] Meanwhile, the rotor small tooth 20 has a trapezoidal tooth shape and a large rounded corner at the tooth tip. Compared with the conventional rotor small tooth shape, the trapezoidal rotor small tooth 20 with a large rounded corner in this application smooths the rate of change of air gap magnetic permeability during the approach and separation of stator and rotor salient poles, significantly reduces the peak of inductance rate change, thereby greatly reducing torque pulsation and radial force fluctuation, and effectively reducing the operating noise of the stepper motor.

[0034] The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the content described above. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this utility model, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor, characterized in that, It includes stator laminations (1) and rotor laminations (2). The stator laminations (1) and rotor laminations (2) are provided with small teeth to improve electromagnetic coupling efficiency. The tooth-to-groove ratio, tooth width, tooth shape and the included angle of adjacent small teeth are optimized and improved. The number of riveting points inside the stator laminations (1) and rotor laminations (2) is increased.

2. The low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stator lamination (1) has a stator tooth (10) arranged in an inner ring array, and the rotor lamination (2) has a rotor tooth (20) arranged in an outer ring array. The stator tooth (10) and the rotor tooth (20) are coupled together.

3. A low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tooth cogging ratio of the stator small tooth (10) is greater than that of the conventional stator lamination, so as to reduce the tooth cogging torque value and tooth magnetic flux density in the stator small tooth (10).

4. A low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The stator pinion (10) has an unequal tooth width design to reduce the low-order harmonics of the stepper motor and improve torque stability.

5. A low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The stator teeth (10) have a semi-elliptical shape and a large rounded corner at the tooth tip. The included angle between adjacent teeth in the stator teeth (10) is designed with unequal tooth pitch.

6. A low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tooth-to-groove ratio of the rotor small tooth (20) is greater than that of the conventional rotor lamination, so as to enhance the magnetic permeability path interface and tooth magnetic density of the rotor small tooth (20).

7. A low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The tooth width of the rotor pinion (20) is passively designed according to the tooth width of the stator pinion (10).

8. A low-vibration, low-noise stepper motor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rotor teeth (20) have a trapezoidal design and a large rounded corner at the tooth tip.

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