A jig capable of self-adapting positioning of a special-shaped part

Abstract

The utility model relates to positioning jig technical field discloses a kind of jigs that can be self-adapting positioning to special-shaped parts, including datum plate, two article holders are equipped on datum plate, article holder is equipped with the article holder cavity for workpiece placement, and positioning assembly for the workpiece positioning is equipped in article holder cavity;Positioning assembly includes the limiting piece slidingly connected in article holder cavity, and fixed block is equipped in article holder cavity, and between limiting piece and fixed block, there are a plurality of elastic members with elastic resilience capacity;Between the bottom of limiting piece and article holder cavity, there is the guide for the limiting sliding of limiting piece, and the bottom of limiting piece is equipped with linkage;The bottom of datum plate is equipped with transmission mechanism that can move corresponding limiting piece by corresponding linkage. The utility model can satisfy the positioning work of rectangular and arc, and the workpiece positioning work of at least one side outside being plane, and then the self-adapting positioning function to most special-shaped parts is realized, so that the adaptability of jig whole is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of positioning fixture technology, specifically to a fixture capable of adaptive positioning of irregularly shaped parts. Background Technology

[0002] When testing a workpiece, it needs to be placed on a positioning fixture to ensure stable operation during subsequent testing. Most existing positioning fixtures are customized according to the different shapes and sizes of different workpieces, which are common standard fixtures. However, when there are a large number of different types of workpieces, especially irregularly shaped workpieces whose outer surfaces are not smooth, a large number of different fixtures need to be customized, resulting in high costs and inconvenience in placement.

[0003] Currently, a utility model patent with announcement number CN220480726U discloses a positioning fixture. This patent allows the positioning fixture to fix cutter heads and cutter bars of different diameters by changing the types of positioning and mounting parts, thereby improving the applicability of the positioning fixture. Moreover, the simple structure of the mounting and positioning parts reduces the production cost of the positioning fixture.

[0004] While the above-mentioned technical solutions can replace the types of positioning and mounting parts while retaining the overall fixture, thus saving actual usage costs, disassembly and assembly operations are still required in actual use, which is not very convenient. Therefore, this application provides a fixture that can adaptively position irregularly shaped parts to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] Based on the above description, this utility model provides a fixture capable of adaptive positioning of irregularly shaped parts, thereby solving the problem that in the prior art, when positioning different workpieces, it is mostly necessary to switch the positioning structure of the fixture, which leads to a relatively cumbersome operation process.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a fixture that can adaptively position irregular parts, including a reference plate, two placement parts are provided on the reference plate, and a placement cavity for placing workpieces is provided on the placement parts, and a positioning component for positioning workpieces is provided in the placement cavity.

[0007] The positioning component includes a limiting member slidably connected to the storage cavity, and a fixing block disposed in the storage cavity. A plurality of elastic members with elastic rebound capability are provided between the limiting member and the fixing block.

[0008] A guide is provided between the bottom of the limiting member and the storage cavity to limit the sliding of the limiting member, and a linkage is provided at the bottom of the limiting member;

[0009] The bottom of the reference plate is provided with a transmission mechanism that can drive the corresponding limiting component to move through the corresponding linkage component.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, the transmission mechanism drives the linkage to move, thereby allowing the limiting component to move linearly under the limiting sliding action of the guide component, so that the space between the limiting component and the inner wall of the placement cavity can be increased, making it easier to place the workpiece; under the elastic rebound action of the elastic component, the limiting component can squeeze the workpiece, thus limiting it.

[0011] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0012] Furthermore, the placement component includes a bottom block disposed on a reference plate and a top block disposed on the bottom block;

[0013] The top block is provided with a positioning groove and a sliding groove. The positioning groove and the corresponding sliding groove are connected internally, and the positioning groove and the corresponding sliding groove are combined to form a storage cavity.

[0014] The above technical solution enables the workpiece to be placed in the positioning groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the limiting member includes a sliding block slidably connected in the sliding groove, and an abutment block is provided on one side of the sliding block, the abutment block being disposed in the corresponding positioning groove;

[0016] The outer side of the abutment block has a C-shaped slot, with the top and bottom of the slot being open and the corners of the slot being arc-shaped.

[0017] The above technical solution enables the sliding block to slide within the corresponding sliding groove; the abutment block and the C-shaped slot on the outside can meet the extrusion positioning requirements of many irregularly shaped parts.

[0018] Furthermore, the fixing block is disposed in the corresponding sliding groove, and 2-3 elastic elements are provided between the opposite sides of the sliding block and the fixing block, and the elastic elements are located in the same horizontal plane;

[0019] The elastic element is a compression spring.

[0020] The above technical solution enables the elastic element to apply an elastic rebound force to the sliding block.

[0021] Furthermore, the guide includes a slider disposed at the bottom of the sliding block, and the sliding groove is provided with a slide rail for limiting the sliding of the slider;

[0022] The slide rail is set in the same direction as the corresponding sliding block.

[0023] The above technical solution enables the slider to move horizontally through the sliding cooperation between the slider and the slide rail.

[0024] Furthermore, the linkage component includes a linkage plate located at the bottom of the abutment block, and a roller is rotatably connected to the outside of the linkage plate via a rotating shaft.

[0025] The above technical solution enables the roller to roll on the outside of the linkage plate.

[0026] Furthermore, the transmission mechanism includes two mounting plates, four connecting rods are provided between the top of the mounting plates and the bottom of the reference plate, and a cylinder is provided on the top of the mounting plates;

[0027] The piston end of the cylinder is provided with a transmission block that pushes the roller. A connecting hole is provided between the bottom of the bottom block and the bottom of the corresponding top block for the transmission block to move up and down. The bottom of the reference plate is provided with two connecting holes that are respectively connected to the inside of the two connecting holes.

[0028] Through the above technical solution, the cylinder can drive the transmission block to move inside the connecting hole and the connecting hole.

[0029] Furthermore, the side of the transmission block closest to the fixed block is an inclined surface, and the inclined surface of the transmission block is in contact with the outer side of the corresponding roller;

[0030] The transmission block is located between the connecting hole and the corresponding communicating hole, and the roller is located inside the communicating hole.

[0031] Through the above technical solution, the contact between the outer inclined surface of the transmission block and the outer surface of the roller enables the transmission block to move upward, thereby pushing the roller to roll and move it laterally.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0033] 1. Through the cooperation of the abutment block and the inner wall of the positioning groove, it can meet the positioning work of rectangular and arc-shaped workpieces, as well as workpieces with at least one flat side on the outside, thereby realizing the adaptive positioning function for most irregular-shaped parts; making the overall adaptability of the fixture high, eliminating the need for frequent switching work for different workpieces, and reducing the workload of the staff.

[0034] 2. The transmission block is driven by a cylinder, which in turn smoothly moves the linkage plate under the rolling action of the rollers, realizing the translation of the sliding block, which facilitates the placement of the workpiece; and because the transmission is carried out by the rolling of the rollers, the coefficient of friction is low, so the transmission block is not prone to wear during long-term use, thus meeting the requirements for long-term stable use. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fixture capable of adaptive positioning of irregularly shaped parts, provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the bottom block in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 3 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 2 A top-down view;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cylinder connection structure in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0039] Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure when the bottom middle block is hidden;

[0040] Figure 6 This is an embodiment of the present utility model. Figure 5 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the sliding block in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0042] Reference numerals: 1. Base plate;

[0043] 2. Storage component; 21. Bottom block; 22. Top block; 23. Positioning groove; 24. Sliding groove;

[0044] 3. Positioning component; 31. Sliding block; 32. Fixing block; 33. Elastic element; 34. Abutment block; 35. Linkage plate; 36. Roller; 37. Slide rail; 38. Slider;

[0045] 4. Transmission mechanism; 41. Mounting plate; 42. Connecting rod; 43. Cylinder; 44. Transmission block; 45. Connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0046] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0048] Example: Reference Figure 1 A fixture capable of adaptive positioning of irregularly shaped parts includes a reference plate 1, two placement parts 2 on the reference plate 1, and placement cavities for placing workpieces on the placement parts 2. A positioning component 3 for positioning the workpiece is provided within the placement cavity. The positioning component 3 includes a limiting member slidably connected within the placement cavity and a fixing block 32 disposed within the placement cavity. Several elastic members 33 with elastic rebound capability are provided between the limiting member and the fixing block 32. A guide member is provided between the bottom of the limiting member and the placement cavity to limit the sliding of the limiting member. A linkage member is provided at the bottom of the limiting member. A transmission mechanism 4 is provided at the bottom of the reference plate 1, capable of moving the corresponding limiting member through the corresponding linkage member.

[0049] refer to Figure 2 The placement component 2 includes a bottom block 21 on the reference plate 1 and a top block 22 on the bottom block 21. The top block 22 has a positioning groove 23 and a sliding groove 24. The positioning groove 23 and the corresponding sliding groove 24 are connected internally. The positioning groove 23 and the corresponding sliding groove 24 are combined to form a placement cavity, so that the workpiece can be placed in the positioning groove 23.

[0050] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The limiting component includes a sliding block 31 slidably connected to the sliding groove 24, allowing the sliding block 31 to slide within the corresponding sliding groove 24. A stop block 34 is provided on one side of the sliding block 31, and the stop block 34 is located within the corresponding positioning groove 23, allowing the stop block 34 to stop and limit the workpiece within the positioning groove 23. A C-shaped slot is provided on the outer side of the stop block 34, with the top and bottom of the slot being open and the corners of the slot being arc-shaped. The stop block 34 and the C-shaped slot on the outer side can meet the extrusion positioning requirements of many irregularly shaped parts.

[0051] In use, the irregularly shaped workpiece is placed in the positioning groove 23 and made to fit against the inner wall of the positioning groove 23. The outer side of the irregularly shaped workpiece is engaged by the abutment block 34 or the C-shaped slot, so that it can be abutted and limited in the positioning groove 23.

[0052] It should be noted that for workpieces with at least one flat surface on the outside, the flat surface can be made to abut against the inner wall of the positioning groove 23, and the edges and corners of the workpiece can be located in the groove and made to fit against the inner wall of the groove. The stability of the workpiece can be ensured through the elastic abutment. For curved workpieces, they can be placed directly in the groove. The abutment of the workpiece through the groove opening can also achieve the limiting effect, thereby realizing the positioning requirements of most irregularly shaped workpieces.

[0053] It should also be noted that an anti-slip pad can be glued to the outer side of the abutment block 34 to increase its coefficient of friction and thus improve the stability of the abutment limit.

[0054] refer to Figure 3The fixed block 32 is located in the corresponding sliding groove 24. There are 2-3 elastic elements 33 between the sliding block 31 and the fixed block 32 on opposite sides. The elastic elements 33 are located in the same horizontal plane. The elastic elements 33 can apply an elastic rebound force to the sliding block 31. The elastic element 33 is a compression spring. When it is compressed, it can store energy. Then, when the pressure is reduced or canceled, the elastic rebound force can drive the sliding block 31 to move, so that it resets and moves closer to the workpiece.

[0055] It should be noted that the elastic element 33 on the same horizontal plane can apply a relatively stable and uniform elastic rebound force to the sliding block 31, and thus the workpiece can be squeezed and positioned by the abutment block 34 under the action of the elastic force.

[0056] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 7 The guide includes a slider 38 located at the bottom of the slider block 31, and a slide rail 37 provided in the sliding groove 24 for the slider 38 to slide in a limited manner. The slide rail 37 is set in the same direction as the corresponding sliding block 31, so that the slider block 31 can realize the translational movement of the slider block 31 through the sliding cooperation between the slider 38 and the slide rail 37.

[0057] It should be noted that the slide rail 37 is a rectangle with two concave parts on the outside, and the slider 38 is C-shaped and slidably connected to the outside of the slide rail 37; the inner side of the slider 38 is provided with two arc-shaped protrusions, and the protrusions are inserted into and slidably connected to the corresponding concave part of the slide rail 37 to realize the functions of guiding and limiting sliding.

[0058] refer to Figure 7 The linkage component includes a linkage plate 35 located at the bottom of the abutment block 34. A roller 36 is rotatably connected to the outside of the linkage plate 35 via a rotating shaft, so that the roller 36 can roll on the outside of the linkage plate 35.

[0059] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The transmission mechanism 4 includes two mounting plates 41. Four connecting rods 42 are provided between the top of the mounting plate 41 and the bottom of the reference plate 1. A cylinder 43 is provided on the top of the mounting plate 41. A transmission block 44 that pushes the roller 36 is provided on the piston end of the cylinder 43. A connecting hole 45 for the transmission block 44 to move up and down is provided between the bottom of the bottom block 21 and the bottom of the corresponding top block 22. The bottom of the reference plate 1 has two connecting holes that are respectively connected to the inside of the two connecting holes 45. The cylinder 43 can push the transmission block 44 to move inside the connecting holes 45 and the connecting holes.

[0060] It should be noted that cylinder 43 is electrically connected to the power supply and the main controller. The main controller is a PLC controller or other existing known control device. The control effect can be achieved by simple programming by those skilled in the art. Moreover, the electrical connection technology is a publicly available technology, so it will not be described in detail.

[0061] refer to Figure 6 The side of the transmission block 44 closest to the fixed block 32 is inclined, and the inclined side of the transmission block 44 is in contact with the outer side of the corresponding roller 36. The transmission block 44 is located between the interior of the connecting hole and the corresponding connecting hole 45, and the roller 36 is located inside the connecting hole 45. Through the contact between the outer inclined surface of the transmission block 44 and the outer side of the roller 36, when the transmission block 44 moves upward, it can push the roller 36 to roll and make it move laterally.

[0062] In use, cylinder 43 pushes transmission block 44 upward, which in turn drives roller 36 to rotate and move via inclined plane, thereby driving linkage plate 35 to move, which allows abutment block 34 and sliding block 31 to move, causing elastic element 33 to compress and store energy; after the workpiece is placed, cylinder 43 drives transmission block 44 downward, and under the elastic rebound of elastic element 33, it can push sliding block 31 to move, thereby positioning the workpiece through the cooperation between abutment block 34 and the inner wall of positioning groove 23.

[0063] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A fixture capable of adaptive positioning of irregularly shaped parts, characterized in that, Includes a reference plate (1), on which two placement components (2) are provided, and the placement components (2) are provided with a placement cavity for placing the workpiece, and a positioning component (3) for positioning the workpiece is provided in the placement cavity; The positioning component (3) includes a limiting member that is slidably connected to the storage cavity, and a fixing block (32) provided in the storage cavity. A plurality of elastic members (33) with elastic rebound capability are provided between the limiting member and the fixing block (32). A guide is provided between the bottom of the limiting member and the storage cavity to limit the sliding of the limiting member, and a linkage is provided at the bottom of the limiting member; The bottom of the reference plate (1) is provided with a transmission mechanism (4) that can drive the corresponding limiting member to move through the corresponding linkage member.

2. The fixture capable of adaptive positioning of irregularly shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The placement component (2) includes a bottom block (21) disposed on the base plate (1) and a top block (22) disposed on the bottom block (21); The top block (22) is provided with a positioning groove (23) and a sliding groove (24). The positioning groove (23) and the corresponding sliding groove (24) are connected internally, and the positioning groove (23) and the corresponding sliding groove (24) are combined to form a storage cavity.

3. The fixture capable of adaptive positioning of irregularly shaped parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting member includes a sliding block (31) slidably connected in the sliding groove (24), and an abutment block (34) is provided on one side of the sliding block (31), and the abutment block (34) is provided in the corresponding positioning groove (23); The abutment block (34) has a C-shaped slot on its outer side. The top and bottom of the slot are open, and the corners of the slot are arc-shaped.

4. The fixture capable of adaptive positioning of irregularly shaped parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixed block (32) is located in the corresponding sliding groove (24). There are 2-3 elastic elements (33) between the sliding block (31) and the fixed block (32) on opposite sides. The elastic elements (33) are located in the same horizontal plane. The elastic element (33) is a compression spring.

5. The fixture capable of adaptive positioning of irregularly shaped parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide includes a slider (38) located at the bottom of the slider block (31), and a slide rail (37) is provided in the sliding groove (24) for limiting the sliding of the slider (38); The sliding rail (37) is set in the same direction as the moving direction of the corresponding sliding block (31).

6. The fixture capable of adaptive positioning of irregularly shaped parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The linkage component includes a linkage plate (35) located at the bottom of the abutment block (34), and a roller (36) is rotatably connected to the outside of the linkage plate (35) via a rotating shaft.

7. The fixture capable of adaptive positioning of irregularly shaped parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism (4) includes two mounting plates (41), four connecting rods (42) are provided between the top of the mounting plate (41) and the bottom of the reference plate (1), and a cylinder (43) is provided on the top of the mounting plate (41); The piston end of the cylinder (43) is provided with a transmission block (44) that pushes the roller (36). A connecting hole (45) for the transmission block (44) to move up and down is provided between the bottom of the bottom block (21) and the bottom of the corresponding top block (22). The bottom of the reference plate (1) is provided with two connecting holes that are respectively connected to the inside of the two connecting holes (45).

8. The fixture capable of adaptive positioning of irregularly shaped parts according to claim 7, characterized in that, The side of the transmission block (44) near the fixed block (32) is an inclined surface, and the inclined side of the transmission block (44) is in contact with the outer side of the corresponding roller (36); The transmission block (44) is located between the connecting hole and the corresponding communicating hole (45), and the roller (36) is located inside the communicating hole (45).

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