A cable jacket extruder

Abstract

This utility model relates to a cable sheath extruder, including a base plate, a gear reducer, a processing tube, and a threaded rod. A processing tank is added to the outer wall of the processing tube. The internal processing mechanism synchronously drives a stirring rod and a high-speed cutting blade via a drive shaft to achieve raw material mixing and crushing. Raw materials that have not passed through the filter plate are transported in the reverse direction by a conical spiral ribbon to the cutting zone for secondary crushing. The increased pitch gradient design of the conical spiral ribbon enhances the material recirculation and extrusion effect. This utility model of a cable sheath extruder ensures uniform raw material mixing, prevents material agglomeration, and guarantees a smooth sheath surface and uniform sheath color. The small-pitch end of the conical spiral ribbon is in close contact with the filter plate, applying high pressure to the unscreened raw material. The increased pitch design reduces recirculation resistance, allowing the raw material to return to the cutting zone efficiently. This device reduces the standard deviation of raw material particle size to 0.8μm and the surface roughness Ra of the sheath to ≤1.6μm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wire and cable manufacturing equipment technology, and in particular to a cable sheath extruder. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industries such as power and communications, the market demand for cables, as key carriers for power transmission and signal conduction, continues to rise. As an important component of cables, cable sheaths not only protect the conductors and insulation layers inside the cable from mechanical damage, chemical corrosion, moisture intrusion, and the effects of external environmental factors, but also play a crucial role in the electrical performance and overall safety of the cable. Therefore, the production quality and efficiency of cable sheaths have become the focus of the cable manufacturing industry.

[0003] In cable sheath extrusion production, workers need to add the raw materials requiring heating into the heating tube of the device. The screw inside the heating tube then transports and heats the raw materials. For example, in the existing Chinese invention patent publication CN117261030A, this device uses a feeding mechanism to mix the granulated raw materials before adding them to the heating shell. A transmission mechanism is installed in the heating shell to drive the raw materials to melt and mix within it. A secondary feeding mechanism is fixedly mounted on the heating shell and adds melted masterbatch to the heating shell to mix with the molten raw materials. This secondary feeding mechanism only performs preliminary mixing of the granulated raw materials. However, in cable sheath production, the secondary feeding mechanism... The secondary feeding mechanism melts the color masterbatch and adds it to the heating shell, which interrupts the entire production process. Melting the color masterbatch requires additional time and energy, and the addition process may cause temperature fluctuations inside the heating shell, affecting the stable plasticization of the raw materials and reducing production efficiency. In addition, if the timing and speed of the secondary addition of color masterbatch are not properly controlled, it may cause local color masterbatch concentrations to be too high or too low, resulting in uneven sheath color. There is a material flow channel between the secondary feeding mechanism and the heating shell. When producing cable sheaths of different specifications and colors, raw materials and color masterbatch are easy to remain in the channel. Incomplete cleaning will lead to problems such as color mixing and performance contamination in subsequent batches of products, affecting the stability of product quality. At the same time, frequent cleaning will also reduce the effective operating time of the equipment.

[0004] Existing extruders (such as CN117261030A) use secondary feeding to add color masterbatch, which increases energy consumption by 15%-20% (Plastics Industry, 2023, 51(5)), and the uneven dispersion of color masterbatch results in a sheath color difference rate as high as 4.5%. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a cable sheath extruder that ensures uniform mixing of sheath raw materials, prevents extrusion quality defects caused by agglomeration, and improves material fineness and production efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is:

[0007] A cable sheath extruder includes a base plate, a gear reducer, a drive motor, a processing tube, and a threaded rod. The input shaft of the gear reducer is connected to the drive motor, and the output shaft is connected to the threaded rod. A processing tank is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the processing tube. A feed hopper is provided at the top of the processing tank, and a processing mechanism is provided inside.

[0008] The processing mechanism includes:

[0009] An installation cover is installed on the outer wall of the processing tank, and a processing motor is installed inside it.

[0010] The drive shaft is connected to the output shaft of the machining motor at one end and the drive gear is fixed at the other end; the drive wheel is positioned above the gear.

[0011] The acceleration gear meshes with the drive gear and fixes the sprocket's rotation shaft;

[0012] A rotating rod is vertically mounted inside the processing tank via a bearing, and a driven wheel is provided on the inner side of its top end. The driven wheel is connected to the driving wheel via a transmission belt.

[0013] Multiple stirring rods are arranged in a circular array at the top of the rotating rod, below the driven wheel;

[0014] A cutting assembly includes a driven sprocket and a cutting blade fixed to its outer wall, wherein the driven sprocket is connected to a sprocket rotation shaft via a transmission chain;

[0015] The driven sprocket is located in the middle of the rotating rod and below the stirring rod.

[0016] The tapered helical ribbon is fixed to the middle of the rotating rod by a connecting rod, and is located below the driven sprocket; the pitch of the tapered helical ribbon gradually increases from the end closer to the filter plate to the end farther away.

[0017] The filter plate is horizontally fixed inside the treatment tank and fitted with a rotating rod, located below the tapered helical ribbon;

[0018] The material conveying auger shaft is fixed to the bottom of the rotating rod.

[0019] Preferably, the threaded rod is divided into a feeding section, a compression section, and a metering section, wherein the spiral grooves in the feeding section are of equal depth and spacing, the spiral groove depth in the compression section gradually decreases, and the spiral groove depth in the metering section is less than that at the end of the compression section.

[0020] Preferably, the mounting cover and the treatment tank are connected by bolts, and both have through holes on their side walls for the transmission belt to pass through.

[0021] Preferably, the inner wall of the processing tank is provided with a sealing cover to cover the transmission belt and transmission chain.

[0022] Preferably, the outer wall of the processing tube is provided with multiple heating coils, and the temperature of the heating coils increases from the feeding section to the metering section.

[0023] The advantages of this utility model over the prior art are:

[0024] This utility model discloses a cable sheath extruder. The raw materials are mixed evenly, preventing clumping and ensuring a smooth sheath surface and uniform color. The tapered spiral ribbon with a small pitch end is tightly attached to the filter plate, applying high pressure to the unscreened raw materials. Its increased pitch design reduces backflow resistance, allowing the raw materials to return to the cutting zone efficiently. This device reduces the standard deviation of the raw material particle size to 0.8μm, and the surface roughness Ra of the sheath is ≤1.6μm.

[0025] This utility model discloses a cable sheath extruder. Through the design of the processing mechanism, a processing motor drives the drive shaft, which in turn drives the rotating shaft and acceleration gear through a transmission belt and drive gear, forming a dual-power system for stirring and cutting. This allows the annular array of stirring rods to stir and the high-speed crushing of the cutting blades to proceed simultaneously, ensuring uniform mixing of raw materials without dead zones and refining agglomerated raw materials to micron-level particles. The combined design of the filter plate and the conical screw conveyor allows for the grading, screening, and secondary cutting of raw materials. Raw materials that do not pass through the filter plate are conveyed in the reverse direction to the cutting area via the conical screw conveyor. Operators can add a feed hopper according to actual needs, enabling multiple raw materials to be stirred and crushed simultaneously, providing a uniform and fine material base for subsequent extrusion.

[0026] This utility model of cable sheath extruder, through the installation of a conical spiral ribbon with a gradually increasing pitch from the end near the filter plate to the end away from the filter plate, creates a gradient conveying effect during raw material processing: near the filter plate, the smaller pitch generates high extrusion pressure, which can strongly push the raw material that has just passed through the filter plate, further breaking up residual lumps; while raw materials that do not meet the requirements will be driven by the conical spiral ribbon to return from the filter plate to the cutting blade position for secondary cutting and crushing, ensuring that the raw material entering the processing tube has uniform particle size and texture, laying a solid foundation for the stable extrusion of high-quality cable sheaths. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the cable sheath extruder of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the processing tank of the cable sheath extruder of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the processing tank of the cable sheath extruder of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly mechanism of the cable sheath extruder of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission chain structure of the cable sheath extruder of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting blade structure of the cable sheath extruder of this utility model.

[0035] Explanation of symbols for key components in the attached diagram:

[0036] In the picture:

[0037] 1. Base plate; 2. Gear reducer; 3. Drive motor; 4. Processing pipe; 5. Threaded rod; 6. Processing tank; 7. Feed hopper; 8. Processing mechanism; 801. Mounting cover; 802. Processing motor; 803. Drive shaft; 804. Drive wheel; 805. Drive gear; 806. Acceleration gear; 807. Sprocket shaft; 808. Rotating rod; 809. Support block; 810. Driven wheel; 811. Transmission belt; 812. Stirring rod; 813. Driven sprocket; 814. Cutting blade; 815. Transmission chain; 816. Tapered screw belt; 817. Filter plate; 818. Conveying auger shaft; 819. Mounting sleeve; 9. Heating coil; 10. Discharge pipe; 11. Support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0039] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2A cable sheath extruder includes a base plate 1 and a processing mechanism 8. A gear reducer 2 is mounted on the base plate 1. The input shaft of the gear reducer 2 is connected to the output shaft of a drive motor 3. A processing tube 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the gear reducer 2. A threaded rod 5 is installed inside the processing tube 4. The output shaft of the gear reducer 2 is connected to the threaded rod 5. The threaded rod 5 is divided into a feeding section, a compression section, and a metering section. The spiral grooves in the feeding section are of equal depth and spacing. The spiral grooves in the compression section gradually decrease in size. The depth of the spiral grooves in the metering section is smaller than that at the end of the compression section. The feeding section uses equal-depth and equidistant spiral grooves to achieve stable and uniform feeding of raw materials, ensuring smooth and unobstructed feeding. The spiral grooves in the compression section gradually decrease in size, which can effectively compact and plasticize the raw materials, promote the fusion and initial forming of materials. The spiral groove depth in the metering section is smaller than that at the end of the compression section, which can accurately control the discharge amount and discharge speed, so that the extruded cable sheath raw material has a stable flow rate and uniform texture. The process is well-matched from raw material transportation to forming extrusion. The outer wall of the processing pipe 4 is equipped with a treatment tank 6, and the top of the treatment tank 6 is fixedly connected to the feed hopper 7.

[0040] like Figures 3 to 8 As shown, the processing tank 6 is equipped with a processing mechanism 8 for processing raw materials. The processing mechanism 8 includes a mounting cover 801 installed on the outer wall of the processing tank 6. The mounting cover 801 is connected to the outer wall of the processing tank 6 by bolts. Both the mounting cover 801 and the outer wall of the processing tank 6 have through holes corresponding to the transmission belt 811. The bolt connection method is simple and efficient, facilitating installation and allowing for quick assembly of the mounting cover 801 and the processing tank 6. The heat generated by the processing motor 802 during operation can be quickly exchanged with the outside air through the ventilation holes, effectively reducing the internal temperature of the mounting cover 801 and preventing the motor from overheating due to heat accumulation. This ensures the stable and long-term operation of the processing motor 802. The processing motor 802 is installed inside the mounting cover 801. The output shaft of the motor 802 is fixedly connected to a drive shaft 803. A drive wheel 804 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer wall of the drive shaft 803. A drive gear 805 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer wall of the drive shaft 803. An acceleration gear 806 that meshes with the drive gear 805 is rotatably connected inside the mounting cover 801. A sprocket rotating shaft 807 is fixedly connected to the acceleration gear 806. The sprocket rotating shaft 807 is connected to the support shaft of the acceleration gear 806 via a flat key. A rotating rod 808 is rotatably connected inside the processing tank 6. A support block 809 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the processing tank 6. A support bearing that matches the rotating rod 808 is installed on the support block 809. The rotating rod 808 is mounted on the support block 809 via the support bearing.

[0041] like Figures 3 to 8As shown, a driven wheel 810 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer surface of the rotating rod 808. The driven wheel 810 and the drive wheel 804 are connected by a transmission belt 811. Multiple stirring rods 812 are fixedly connected to the top of the outer wall of the rotating rod 808. The stirring rods 812 are arranged in a ring array on the top of the outer wall of the rotating rod 808. The ring array arrangement maximizes the contact area between the stirring rods 812 and the raw materials. When the rotating rod 808 rotates, the raw materials in all directions can be quickly stirred, effectively avoiding the formation of stirring dead zones and ensuring the uniformity of the mixing of the raw materials. A driven sprocket 813 is rotatably connected to the middle of the outer wall of the rotating rod 808. The driven sprocket 813 is located below the stirring rod 812. An installation sleeve 819 is installed on the top of the driven sprocket 813. Multiple cutting blades 814 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the installation sleeve 819. The driven sprocket 813 and the sprocket rotation shaft 807 are connected by a transmission chain 815. During installation, first install and fix the position of the sprocket shaft 807 inside the mounting cover 801. Then, determine and mark the position of the hole through which the drive chain 815 passes on the bottom of the inner wall of the mounting cover 801. Drill the hole using a drilling device until the drilling device drills through holes in the mounting cover 801 and the processing tank 6, so that the drive chain 815 can pass through the through hole, realizing the connection between the driven sprocket 813 and the sprocket shaft 807. The drive chain 815 passes through the sealing cover into the processing tank 6 to prevent raw materials from entering. A tapered helical ribbon 816 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod 808 near the middle position via multiple connecting rods. The tapered helical ribbon 816 is spiral-shaped, spiraling upwards around the central rotating rod 808 and connected and fixed via corresponding connecting rods. Its outer edge shape is adapted to the inner wall of the processing tank 6, gradually expanding towards the top to form an inverted cone shape that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. The pitch of the tapered helical ribbon 816 gradually increases from the end near the filter plate 817 to the end away from it, with a smaller pitch at the end near the filter plate 817. This allows for a tight push of the raw material that has just passed through the filter plate 817, increasing the compression strength of the raw material within a limited space. The material is further broken down into lumps, making its texture more uniform and delicate. As the screw pitch gradually increases, the space for pushing the material also gradually expands, avoiding the accumulation and blockage of the material due to continuous compression. At the same time, the material can be fully stretched and adjusted within the expanded conveying space, reducing the internal stress between them. The filter plate 817 is sleeved on the lower middle section of the outer wall of the rotating rod 808 through a through hole corresponding to the rotating rod 808. A conveying auger shaft 818 is provided on the outer wall of the rotating rod 808 near the bottom. The filter plate 817 is installed between the tapered screw ribbon 816 and the conveying auger shaft 818.

[0042] like Figures 3-8As shown, when the processing motor 802 starts, its output shaft drives the drive shaft 803 to rotate. The drive wheel 804 on the drive shaft 803 drives the driven wheel 810 through the transmission belt 811, causing the rotating rod 808 to rotate stably with the cooperation of the support block 809. The stirring rod 812 on the rotating rod 808 then stirs and mixes the raw materials in the processing tank 6. At the same time, the drive gear 805 on the drive shaft 803 meshes with the acceleration gear 806. The acceleration gear 806 drives the sprocket rotating shaft 807 to rotate at high speed. The sprocket rotating shaft 807 drives the driven sprocket 813 to rotate through the transmission chain 815, causing the cutting blade 814 to cut and crush the raw materials at high speed, achieving the fine processing of the raw materials. During the stirring and cutting process, the raw materials move downward to the filter plate 817. The filter plate 817 screens the raw materials, and the raw materials that meet the requirements pass through the filter plate 817. As the material falls, the conical screw ribbon 816 on the rotating rod 808 rotates with the rotating rod 808. The raw material that does not meet the requirements is re-transported to the cutting blade 814 position as the conical screw ribbon 816 rotates. The cutting blade 814 performs secondary cutting on the raw material until it can pass through the filter plate 817 below. The conveying auger shaft 818 further transports the raw material into the processing tube 4, completing the pretreatment and conveying process of the raw material. Inside the processing tank 6, protective covers corresponding to the transmission belt 811 and transmission chain 815 are installed to ensure that the raw material does not stick to the transmission belt 811 and transmission chain 815 during transmission and is carried to other positions of the device as the transmission belt 811 and transmission chain 815 rotate, thus affecting the operation of other components and providing uniform and fine raw material for subsequent extrusion processing.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, multiple heating coils 9 are installed on the outer wall of the processing tube 4. The temperature of the heating coils 9 increases from the feeding section to the metering section. This can maintain the raw material in a loose state in the feeding section to ensure uniform feeding. In the compression section, the raw material is gradually softened and fully plasticized to avoid local overheating and degradation. In the metering section, the raw material is completely melted to achieve precise flow control and shaping. The other end of the processing tube 4 is fixedly connected to the discharge tube 10. A support frame 11 is fixedly connected between the discharge tube 10 and the base plate 1.

[0044] In use, the raw material enters the processing tank 6 through the feed hopper 7 and undergoes pretreatment under the action of the processing mechanism 8. After the processing motor 802 is started, the drive shaft 803 drives the drive wheel 804 and drive gear 805 to rotate. The drive wheel 804 drives the rotating rod 808 to rotate through the transmission belt 811, which drives the stirring rod 812 to stir and mix the raw material. At the same time, the drive gear 805 meshes with the acceleration gear 806, which drives the sprocket rotating shaft 807 to rotate at high speed. Through the transmission chain 815, the driven sprocket 813 is driven, so that the cutting blade 814 cuts and crushes the raw material at high speed. The mixed and cut raw material moves downward. The raw materials that meet the requirements fall through the filter plate 817, while the raw materials that do not meet the requirements are transported back to the cutting blade 814 for secondary cutting under the action of the conical screw belt 816 until they pass through the filter plate 817. Finally, the conveying auger shaft 818 transports the qualified raw materials to the processing tube 4. In the processing tube 4, the raw materials pass through the feeding section, the compression section and the metering section in sequence. With the temperature increasing from low to high in the heating coil 9, the raw materials are stably fed in the feeding section, fully plasticized in the compression section and completely melted in the metering section. At this time, the drive motor 3 drives the threaded rod 5 to rotate through the gear reducer 2, and the molten raw materials are extruded through the discharge pipe 10.

[0045] This utility model discloses a cable sheath extruder. The raw materials are mixed evenly, preventing clumping and ensuring a smooth sheath surface and uniform color. The tapered spiral ribbon with a small pitch end is tightly attached to the filter plate, applying high pressure to the unscreened raw materials. Its increased pitch design reduces backflow resistance, allowing the raw materials to return to the cutting zone efficiently. This device reduces the standard deviation of the raw material particle size to 0.8μm, and the surface roughness Ra of the sheath is ≤1.6μm.

[0046] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not constitute any limitation on the structure of the present utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A cable sheath extruder, comprising a base plate (1), a gear reducer (2), a drive motor (3), a processing tube (4), and a threaded rod (5), wherein the input shaft of the gear reducer (2) is connected to the drive motor (3), and the output shaft is connected to the threaded rod (5), characterized in that: The processing tube (4) is fixedly connected to the processing tank (6) on its outer wall. The processing tank (6) is provided with a feeding hopper (7) at the top and a processing mechanism (8) inside. The processing mechanism (8) includes: The mounting cover (801) is installed on the outer wall of the processing tank (6), and the processing motor (802) is installed inside it. The drive shaft (803) is connected to the output shaft of the machining motor (802) at one end and the drive gear (805) is fixed at the other end; the drive wheel (804) is located above the gear (805); Acceleration gear (806) meshes with drive gear (805) and fixes sprocket rotation shaft (807). The rotating rod (808) is vertically installed inside the processing tank (6) via a bearing, and a driven wheel (810) is provided on the inner side of the top end. The driven wheel (810) is connected to the driving wheel (804) via a transmission belt (811). Multiple stirring rods (812) are arranged in a ring array on top of the rotating rod (808) and below the driven wheel (810); The cutting assembly includes a driven sprocket (813) and a cutting blade (814) fixed to its outer wall. The driven sprocket (813) is connected to the sprocket shaft (807) via a transmission chain (815). The driven sprocket (813) is located in the middle of the rotating rod (808) and below the stirring rod (812); The tapered helical ribbon (816) is fixed to the middle of the rotating rod (808) by a connecting rod and is below the driven sprocket (813); the pitch of the tapered helical ribbon (816) gradually increases from the end near the filter plate (817) to the end away from it; The filter plate (817) is horizontally fixed inside the treatment tank (6) and fitted with a rotating rod (808), located below the conical screw ribbon (816); The material conveying auger shaft (818) is fixed to the bottom of the rotating rod (808).

2. The cable sheath extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threaded rod (5) is divided into a feeding section, a compression section and a metering section. The spiral grooves in the feeding section are of equal depth and spacing. The spiral groove depth in the compression section gradually decreases. The spiral groove depth in the metering section is less than that at the end of the compression section.

3. The cable sheath extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting cover (801) is bolted to the processing tank (6), and both have through holes on their side walls for the transmission belt (811) to pass through.

4. The cable sheath extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the processing tank (6) is provided with a sealing cover, which covers the transmission belt (811) and the transmission chain (815).

5. The cable sheath extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the processing tube (4) is provided with multiple heating coils (9), and the temperature of the heating coils (9) increases from the feeding section to the metering section.

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