Unmanned aerial vehicle slope displacement monitoring day and night universal target

Abstract

The utility model discloses an unmanned plane side slope displacement monitoring day and night general type target, and monitoring target panel surface is equipped with the identification pattern that is composed of a plurality of concentric rings, and the edge area of monitoring target panel is white light reflection area, the positioning through -hole is seted up on monitoring target panel, the upper slot hole that corresponds with positioning through -hole is equipped at the top of connecting component, the lower slot hole is equipped with in the bottom of connecting component, the mounting interface that cooperates with lower slot hole is equipped with in the top of stand, the flange is equipped with in the bottom of stand, the upper slot hole of connecting component is connected with positioning through -hole through first fixed part, and the lower slot hole is connected with mounting interface through second fixed part, and the flange is fixed on the ground through anchoring member. The utility model discloses target structure design is ingenious, and simple installation is convenient to operate, and can pitch and heave adjustment, and high identification precision, all -weather application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of geotechnical engineering monitoring equipment, specifically to a day and night universal target for monitoring slope displacement by unmanned aerial vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional slope displacement monitoring primarily utilizes methods such as total stations and embedded sensors. However, these methods are limited by difficulties in on-site construction, dense vegetation cover, and electromagnetic interference affecting some technologies, resulting in high labor intensity and uncontrollable risks. Traditional manual monitoring is inefficient and risky. In recent years, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing technology has been widely used due to its high efficiency and safety. UAV monitoring relies on ground targets to provide high-precision data.

[0003] However, existing monitoring targets are typically only designed for daytime monitoring. Targets used during the day cannot be recognized by the visible light camera of a drone at night, or reflective targets may cause overexposure due to excessive reflection, reducing edge positioning accuracy and failing to meet the needs of nighttime slope monitoring. Furthermore, the data acquisition and recognition rate is low, severely affecting the monitoring results. In extreme weather conditions, undulating slope terrain can cause the target mounting surface to tilt, making it difficult for fixed targets to be perpendicular to the drone's viewpoint, resulting in image distortion.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a target that combines day and night visibility, adjustable angle, and high anti-interference characteristics to improve the accuracy and reliability of UAV monitoring. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention aims to provide a day-and-night universal target for monitoring slope displacement by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with high recognition accuracy, capable of operating both day and night.

[0006] To achieve this technical objective, the present invention provides a day-and-night universal target for monitoring slope displacement by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), comprising: a monitoring target panel, a connecting component, and a column. The column is cylindrical. The monitoring target panel is printed with an identification mark for UAV positioning. The edge area of ​​the monitoring target panel is a white reflective area. The monitoring target panel has a positioning through hole. The top of the connecting component has an upper slot corresponding to the positioning through hole, and the bottom of the connecting component has a lower slot. The top of the column has an installation interface that mates with the lower slot, and the bottom of the column has a flange. The upper slot of the connecting component is connected to the positioning through hole of the monitoring target panel through a first fastener, and the lower slot of the connecting component is connected to the installation interface at the top of the column through a second fastener. The flange is fixed to the ground by anchors.

[0007] Preferably, the monitoring target panel is a square aluminum alloy plate structure with a side length of 25cm-35cm and a thickness of 0.2cm-0.4cm.

[0008] Preferably, the identification mark on the surface of the monitoring target panel is a pattern composed of multiple concentric rings. The monitoring target panel includes, from the inside to the outside, a central white circle, a central black ring, a white ring, and a black ring. The surfaces of the white reflective area, the white ring, and the central white circle are covered with an infrared reflective layer.

[0009] Preferably, the surfaces of the black ring and the central black ring are covered with a light-absorbing layer.

[0010] Preferably, the size ratio of the identification pattern on the monitoring target panel satisfies the following: the ratio of the radius a of the central black ring, the width b of the white ring, the width c of the black ring, and the width d of the white reflective area is 7:3:7:3.

[0011] Preferably, the diameter of the central white circle is 1.1-1.3 cm.

[0012] Preferably, the connecting assembly includes an upper connecting part and a lower connecting part. The upper connecting part has arc-shaped grooves on both sides, and the lower connecting part has screw holes and adjusting bolts on both sides to allow the monitoring target panel to be tilted and adjusted.

[0013] Preferably, the flange has at least four anchoring holes evenly distributed around its circumference, and the anchoring device is an expansion bolt.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The monitoring target panel adopts a black and white concentric ring structure, providing high-contrast edges during the day; the reflective layer activates strong reflection at night, and it can be recognized by both visible light and infrared cameras of UAVs, achieving day and night usability. The size of the recognition pattern on the monitoring target panel is set to 7:3:7:3, and the ring width ratio has been optically verified to significantly improve the recognition rate in complex backgrounds. The pitch adjustment function of the connecting components compensates for the slope angle, reduces image distortion errors, and has strong terrain adaptability. The target structure is ingeniously designed, simple to install, easy to operate, and can be pitch adjusted, providing high recognition accuracy and all-weather applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a rear view of the structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring target panel structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection component structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the proportion of each area of ​​the monitoring target panel of this utility model.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Monitoring target panel; 2. Connecting assembly; 3. Column; 4. Expansion screw; 101. White reflective area; 102. Black ring; 103. White ring; 104. Central black ring; 105. Central white circle; 106. Positioning through hole; 201. Upper connecting part; 202. Lower connecting part; 203. Upper slot hole; 204. Lower slot hole; 205. Arc-shaped sliding groove; 206. Bolt; 207. Screw hole. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The utility model of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In order to provide a clear and complete description of the technical solution, the following embodiments are selected for illustration; other embodiments obtained based on the content described in this application without creative effort are all within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0023] In the following embodiments, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "top / bottom" and other orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the purpose of clearly describing this embodiment, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0024] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the specific embodiment of this utility model is as follows:

[0025] The displacement monitoring target is equipped with a monitoring target panel, connecting components, and a column. The column has a cylindrical structure, and the monitoring target panel is printed with identification marks for UAV positioning.

[0026] The monitoring target panel is made of lightweight aluminum alloy plate, with a square surface shape and dimensions of 25cm × 25cm. The panel thickness is 0.3cm. The lightweight aluminum alloy plate makes the monitoring target panel easy to process, provides high resistance to weathering, and has a long service life.

[0027] The identification markings on the surface of the monitoring target panel consist of a pattern of four concentric rings, arranged from the inside out as follows: a central white circle covered with an infrared reflective layer, a central black ring covered with a light-absorbing layer, a white ring covered with an infrared reflective layer, and a black ring covered with a light-absorbing layer. The edge area of ​​the monitoring target panel is a white reflective area covered with an infrared reflective layer.

[0028] The white area is coated with microprism reflective material to achieve strong reflection in low-light environments.

[0029] The black areas are coated with nano-light-absorbing paint (light absorption rate > 95%) to avoid daytime glare.

[0030] The diameter of the white circle at the center of the monitoring target panel is set to 1.2 cm to provide a reflective core point for nighttime illumination.

[0031] The size ratio of the identification pattern on the monitoring target panel is as follows: the ratio of the radius a of the central black ring, the width b of the white ring, the width c of the black ring, and the width d of the white reflective area is 7:3:7:3. The radius a and width c of the central black ring are 4.165cm, and the width b of the white ring is 1.785cm.

[0032] The ring width ratio is set to b:c=3:7 to improve edge detection accuracy by utilizing high contrast.

[0033] The width d of the white reflective area is 1.785cm. The entire white reflective area is the outer perimeter of the panel, which can enhance the overall visibility at night.

[0034] The monitoring target panel has a positioning through hole. The connecting component has an upper connecting part and a lower connecting part. The top of the upper connecting part has an upper slot hole corresponding to the positioning through hole, and the bottom of the lower connecting part has a lower slot hole. The top of the column has an installation interface that matches the lower slot hole of the lower connecting part. The upper slot hole of the upper connecting part is fixedly connected to the positioning through hole of the monitoring target panel by screws, and the lower slot hole of the lower connecting part is fixedly connected to the installation interface on the top of the column by screws.

[0035] The upper slot hole of the upper connecting part is set as an oblong hole, which can be used with the positioning through hole to realize the position connection of the positioning through hole of different sized panels.

[0036] The upper connecting part of the connecting assembly has a square flat surface at the top, with arc-shaped wings extending vertically downwards from two opposite sides. Arc-shaped grooves are also provided on both sides of these wings. The lower connecting part has the same shape as the upper connecting part, but its width is slightly smaller. The arc-shaped wings of the lower connecting part can be placed within the arc-shaped wings of the upper connecting part. Screw holes are provided on both sides of the lower connecting part's wings. Adjusting bolts are passed through the arc-shaped grooves and connected to the screw holes to connect the upper and lower connecting parts. The upper connecting part can be adjusted within the range of the arc-shaped grooves, allowing the monitoring target panel to be tilted within a ±15° range, ensuring it remains perpendicular to the drone's aerial photography direction.

[0037] The support column is made of cylindrical stainless steel tubing, and its height can be customized, but is generally set at 50CM.

[0038] The column is equipped with a flange at the bottom, with 8 anchoring holes evenly distributed around the flange. 304 stainless steel expansion bolts are used to embed into the bedrock, and the wind load resistance level is >10.

[0039] In use, the target is deployed at the location requiring monitoring, such as an iron mine slope, and installed on the slope platform. The target panel, connecting components, and column are connected. First, the upper and lower connecting parts of the connecting components are operated, using adjusting bolts to pass through the arc-shaped groove of the upper connecting part and the screw hole of the lower connecting part for secure connection. Next, the target panel and connecting components are connected, using screws to align the upper groove hole of the upper connecting part with the positioning through hole of the target panel for fixation. Then, the connecting column is operated, using screws to fix the lower groove hole of the lower connecting part of the connecting component with the mounting interface at the top of the column. Finally, expansion bolts are embedded into the bedrock to fix the target on the slope. The direction of the target panel can be adjusted as needed. After checking that all components are securely connected, the target installation is complete.

[0040] Daytime monitoring: A DJI M300 drone equipped with a 20-megapixel visible light camera was used; Nighttime monitoring: An infrared camera was used at a distance of 100 meters to verify the signal-to-noise ratio >20dB, validating the system's effectiveness throughout the day. By identifying the black-and-white contrast patterns on the monitoring target panel, optical signals were converted into displacement data, thus yielding precise data.

[0041] This utility model's monitoring target panel adopts a black and white concentric ring structure, providing high-contrast edges during the day; a microprism reflective layer activates strong reflection at night, enabling recognition by both visible light and infrared cameras from drones, achieving day and night usability. The size of the recognition pattern on the monitoring target panel is set at 7:3:7:3, and the ring width ratio has been optically verified, significantly improving the recognition rate in complex backgrounds. The monitoring target panel is made of aluminum alloy with an anti-corrosion coating, adapting to harsh outdoor environments, exhibiting high durability and a service life exceeding 5 years. The pitch adjustment function of the connecting components compensates for slope inclination, reducing image distortion errors and providing strong terrain adaptability.

[0042] The target structure of this utility model is ingeniously designed, easy to install, and adjustable in pitch, with high recognition accuracy and all-weather applicability.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any minor modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A day-and-night universal target for monitoring slope displacement by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), characterized in that, include: The system comprises a monitoring target panel, a connecting component, and a column. The column is cylindrical. The monitoring target panel is printed with identification markings for UAV positioning. The edge area of ​​the monitoring target panel is a white reflective zone. The monitoring target panel has a positioning through hole. The connecting component has an upper slot corresponding to the positioning through hole at its top and a lower slot at its bottom. The column has an installation interface at its top that mates with the lower slot, and a flange at its bottom. The upper slot of the connecting component is connected to the positioning through hole of the monitoring target panel via a first fastener. The lower slot of the connecting component is connected to the installation interface at the top of the column via a second fastener. The flange is fixed to the ground by anchors.

2. The UAV slope displacement monitoring day and night universal target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring target panel is a square aluminum alloy plate structure with a side length of 25cm-35cm and a thickness of 0.2cm-0.4cm.

3. The UAV slope displacement monitoring day and night universal target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The identification mark on the surface of the monitoring target panel is a pattern composed of multiple concentric rings. The monitoring target panel includes, from the inside out: a central white circle, a central black ring, a white ring, and a black ring. The surfaces of the white reflective area, the white ring, and the central white circle are covered with an infrared reflective layer.

4. The UAV slope displacement monitoring day and night universal target according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surfaces of the black ring and the central black ring are covered with a light-absorbing layer.

5. The UAV slope displacement monitoring day and night universal target according to claim 3, characterized in that: The size ratio of the identification pattern on the monitoring target panel satisfies the following: the ratio of the radius a of the central black ring, the width b of the white ring, the width c of the black ring, and the width d of the white reflective area is 7:3:7:

3.

6. The UAV slope displacement monitoring day and night universal target according to claim 5, characterized in that: The diameter of the central white circle is 1.1-1.3 cm.

7. The UAV slope displacement monitoring day and night universal target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting assembly includes an upper connecting part and a lower connecting part. The upper connecting part has arc-shaped sliding grooves on both sides, and the lower connecting part has screw holes and adjusting bolts on both sides to allow the monitoring target panel to be tilted and adjusted.

8. The UAV slope displacement monitoring day and night universal target according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flange has at least four anchoring holes evenly distributed around its circumference, and the anchoring device is an expansion bolt.

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