A double medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler and a heating system
By using a dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler, which utilizes multi-stage heat exchange with both steam and thermal oil as media, the problem of insufficient heating temperature and low efficiency of single-medium boilers is solved, enabling flexible switching and efficient utilization of high-temperature and medium-low-temperature heating.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DEPU XINYUAN (WUHAN) ECOLOGICAL TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-21
AI Technical Summary
Existing biomass heating boilers use a single heating medium, which cannot meet the diverse heating needs of industrial parks, and the heating temperature is insufficient and the efficiency is low.
The dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler, which combines a water-cooled vibrating grate, heat exchanger and steam drum, uses two media, steam and thermal oil, to meet the heating requirements of different temperature parameters. The thermal efficiency is improved through multi-stage heat exchange.
It enables flexible switching between high-temperature and medium-low-temperature heating, reduces flue gas heat loss, improves the overall thermal efficiency of the boiler, and meets the diverse heat energy needs of industrial parks.
Smart Images
Figure CN224534248U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biomass boiler technology, specifically to a dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler and heating system. Background Technology
[0002] Biomass fuels are generally agricultural and forestry wastes (such as straw, fruit shells, bark, waste wood, etc.). During their growth process, they absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, making them renewable, zero-carbon green energy sources. Biomass heating boilers can provide green energy for industrial parks.
[0003] Biomass heating boilers typically use water as a medium to absorb the heat generated from biomass combustion, converting it into steam, which is then piped to industrial parks to provide green thermal energy. With societal development, the diverse processes of different products within industrial parks have varying demands for heating parameters, and biomass heating boilers relying solely on water are gradually failing to meet these needs. It is well known that water boils at 100°C under standard atmospheric pressure, while thermal oil boils at 300–400°C. Comparatively, without increasing operating pressure, using thermal oil as a heating medium can provide green thermal energy with higher temperature parameters. While replacing the water or steam in the heating surface of existing steam-producing circulating fluidized bed boilers with imported oil could increase the heat load of a single boiler, it would still result in drawbacks such as higher exhaust gas temperatures and lower thermal efficiency.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a biomass boiler that uses both steam and thermal oil as media to continuously and stably provide multi-parameter green thermal energy to modern industrial parks. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this application is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler and heating system to solve the technical problems of insufficient heating temperature and low heating efficiency in the prior art.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] In one aspect, this application provides a dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler, including a furnace body, a water-cooled vibrating grate, a heat exchanger, an evaporator, and a steam drum.
[0008] The furnace body has its inner cavity divided into a front chamber and a rear chamber by vertically arranged partition walls. The front chamber and the rear chamber are connected to form a curved flue gas flow channel. The front chamber has a feed inlet and the rear chamber has a flue gas outlet.
[0009] A water-cooled vibrating grate is installed at the bottom of the front chamber;
[0010] A heat exchanger, located in the rear chamber, is used to supply heat to the outside;
[0011] An evaporator is disposed in the rear chamber and located downstream of the flow channel of the heat exchanger;
[0012] The steam drum, connected to the evaporator via a first pipe, is used to supply heat to the outside.
[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the water-cooled vibrating grate includes a grate body, a vibration driving device, and multiple water-cooling pipes. The multiple water-cooling pipes are connected in parallel and spliced together. The vibration driving device is driven by the grate body and is used to drive the grate body to vibrate periodically.
[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the inner cavity of the heat exchanger is filled with heat-conducting oil, and the inner cavity of the evaporator is filled with water or a mixture of steam and water.
[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the heat exchanger includes a second conduit, which is at least partially arranged in a serpentine pattern.
[0016] In some embodiments of this application, the evaporator includes a third conduit, which is at least partially arranged in a serpentine pattern.
[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the evaporator includes multiple pipe units connected in series.
[0018] In some embodiments of this application, the front chamber and the rear chamber form a flue gas deflection path through a top channel, and the bottom of the front chamber is provided with air vents.
[0019] In some embodiments of this application, a slag outlet is provided at the bottom of the furnace body, and the slag outlet is connected to the front chamber and the rear chamber respectively.
[0020] In some embodiments of this application, a steam-water separator is provided inside the steam drum.
[0021] Secondly, this application also provides a dual-medium biomass heating system, including a water supply unit, an oil supply unit, and a dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler as described in any embodiment of the first aspect, wherein the water supply unit is connected to the water-cooled vibrating grate and the evaporator respectively, and the oil supply unit is connected to the heat exchanger.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the technical solution provided in this application include:
[0023] This application utilizes two separate devices—a heat exchanger and a steam drum—to employ two heat transfer media with different temperature parameters. This satisfies both conventional medium- and low-temperature heating needs and provides high-temperature heat energy, solving the problem of fixed heating temperature in single-medium boilers. It can meet the diverse heat energy parameter requirements of different products and processes. Furthermore, multi-stage heat exchange allows for more thorough absorption of heat from the flue gas, reducing exhaust heat loss and thus improving the overall thermal efficiency of the boiler. Simultaneously, this application incorporates a flue gas flow channel within a single furnace body, resulting in a compact structure, short flue gas path, low flue gas resistance, and minimal flue gas loss. Attached Figure Description
[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below:
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler in an embodiment of this application.
[0026] Figure label:
[0027] Furnace body 1, partition wall 11, front chamber 1a, rear chamber 1b, feed inlet 1c, flue gas outlet 1d, air vent 1e, slag outlet 1f;
[0028] 2. Water-cooled vibrating grate; 3. Heat exchanger; 4. Evaporator; 5. Steam drum; 6. First pipeline. Detailed Implementation
[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.
[0030] Those skilled in the art will understand that, in this specification, the term "comprising" is an open-ended expression, meaning that the stated feature is present but other features are excluded. Directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" refer to exemplary directions based on the accompanying drawings. Features specified as "first" or "second" implicitly include one or more of that feature. Singular expressions can also be used in plural forms. "Multiple" means two or more. The terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection via an intermediate medium, and it can be a connection within two components. Furthermore, "linked" can include wireless connections.
[0031] The purpose of this application is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler and heating system to solve the technical problems of insufficient heating temperature and low heating efficiency in the prior art.
[0032] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:
[0033] like Figure 1 As shown. In a first aspect, this application provides a dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler 2, including a furnace body 1, a water-cooled vibrating grate 2, a heat exchanger 3, an evaporator 4, and a steam drum 5.
[0034] The furnace body 1 is divided into a front chamber 1a and a rear chamber 1b by a vertically arranged partition wall 11. The front chamber 1a and the rear chamber 1b are connected to form a tortuous flue gas flow channel. The front chamber 1a has a feed inlet 1c, and the rear chamber 1b has a flue gas outlet 1d. A water-cooled vibrating grate 2 is located at the bottom of the front chamber 1a. Biomass fuel is fed into the furnace body 1 through the feed inlet 1c of the front chamber 1a. The fuel falls onto the water-cooled vibrating grate 2 at the bottom of the front chamber 1a. The water-cooled vibrating grate 2 not only absorbs part of the combustion heat through internal circulating water and protects the grate itself, but its vibration function also promotes uniform combustion of fuel, prevents slagging, and helps with the discharge of ash and slag. The fuel is fully combusted here, producing high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion flows along the inner cavity of the furnace body 1, guided by the vertical partition wall 11, forming a tortuous flow path from the front chamber 1a to the rear chamber 1b. This tortuous design increases the travel and residence time of the flue gas in the furnace, which is beneficial for subsequent full heat exchange.
[0035] Heat exchanger 3 is located in the rear chamber 1b and is used to supply heat to the outside. Evaporator 4 is located in the rear chamber 1b and downstream of the flow channel of heat exchanger 3. Steam drum 5 is connected to evaporator 4 through first pipe 6 and is used to supply heat to the outside. When the flue gas enters the rear chamber 1b, it first encounters heat exchanger 3. In this heat exchanger 3, most of the heat of the high-temperature flue gas is absorbed by the first heat exchange medium flowing inside it. The high-temperature flue gas then flows to evaporator 4, located downstream of heat exchanger 3, where it is further heated by the second heat exchange medium in evaporator 4. Finally, after multiple heat exchanges, the cooled high-temperature flue gas is discharged from flue gas outlet 1d.
[0036] This application utilizes two devices, a heat exchanger 3 and a steam drum 5, employing two heat transfer media with different temperature parameters. This satisfies both conventional medium- and low-temperature heating needs and provides high-temperature heat energy, solving the problem of fixed heating temperature in single-medium boilers. It can meet the diverse heat energy parameter requirements of different products and processes. Furthermore, multi-stage heat exchange allows for more thorough absorption of heat from the flue gas, reducing exhaust heat loss and thus improving the overall thermal efficiency of the boiler. Simultaneously, this application incorporates a flue gas flow channel within a single furnace body 1, resulting in a compact structure, short flue gas flow path, low flue gas resistance, and minimal flue gas loss.
[0037] In some embodiments of this application, the water-cooled vibrating grate 2 includes a grate body, a vibration driving device, and multiple water-cooling pipes. The multiple water-cooling pipes are connected in parallel and spliced together. The vibration driving device is connected to the grate body for driving the grate body to vibrate periodically.
[0038] Multiple water-cooled pipes circulate cooling water, directly absorbing the high-temperature heat from the bottom of the combustion zone. This protects the grate structure itself from overheating and deformation, while also carrying this heat away from the combustion zone. Simultaneously, a vibration drive device connected to the grate body periodically drives the entire grate to vibrate. This vibration continuously loosens and moves the biomass fuel laid on the grate, ensuring more complete contact between the fuel and air, more uniform and efficient combustion, and facilitating the automatic removal and discharge of ash from the furnace after combustion.
[0039] The vibration function significantly improves the combustion conditions of biomass fuels (such as straw and sawdust), resulting in more uniform distribution, better ventilation, and more complete combustion, thus increasing the boiler's thermal efficiency. Simultaneously, vibration simplifies the ash removal process, allowing ash to automatically detach from the grate, reducing the labor intensity and frequency of manual ash removal. The water-cooled pipes directly absorb the high-temperature radiation and conductive heat from the bottom of the grate, effectively lowering the operating temperature of the grate's metal components, preventing softening, deformation, or damage due to high temperatures, greatly extending the grate's service life, and ensuring stable boiler operation.
[0040] In some embodiments of this application, the inner cavity of the heat exchanger 3 is filled with heat-conducting oil, and the inner cavity of the evaporator 4 is filled with water or a mixture of steam and water.
[0041] The flue gas from the boiler's rear chamber 1b first flows through heat exchanger 3, whose inner cavity is filled with heat transfer oil. The high-temperature flue gas transfers heat to the heat transfer oil, raising its temperature. Because the heat transfer oil has a higher boiling point, it absorbs more heat energy, which is used to meet the industrial park's demand for high-temperature heat energy. Subsequently, the flue gas continues to flow to evaporator 4, located downstream of heat exchanger 3, whose inner cavity is filled with water or a steam-water mixture. Here, the flue gas further releases heat, heating the water and causing it to evaporate. This steam is used to meet the medium- and low-temperature process requirements within the industrial park.
[0042] By setting up two heat exchangers in series, using thermal oil and a water / steam-water mixture as heat transfer media respectively, the boiler can simultaneously provide two different temperature parameters of heat energy (high-temperature thermal oil heat energy and medium-to-low-temperature steam). This perfectly solves the problem of fixed temperature in a single-medium water boiler, and can flexibly meet the diverse heat energy temperature requirements of different products and processes within the industrial park. The flue gas flows sequentially through the two heat exchangers 3, undergoing two heat exchanges. This means that the heat in the flue gas is absorbed more fully, especially since the lower-temperature flue gas can continue to release heat in the evaporator 4, reducing the heat loss carried by the final exhaust gas and thus improving the thermal efficiency of the entire boiler system.
[0043] In some embodiments of this application, the heat exchanger 3 includes a second conduit, which is at least partially arranged in a serpentine pattern.
[0044] As the high-temperature flue gas flows through the rear chamber 1b and through these serpentine pipes, the heat transfer medium flows inside the pipes. The serpentine pipes significantly increase the heat transfer area, prolong the contact time between the medium and the high-temperature flue gas, and significantly improve heat exchange efficiency, helping to make fuller use of the flue gas's waste heat. This layout helps the medium to be heated more evenly, reducing temperature differences between different areas of the pipes. The serpentine design maximizes the heat exchange area without significantly increasing the overall size of the equipment, making the heat exchanger 3 more compact.
[0045] In some embodiments of this application, the evaporator 4 includes a third conduit, which is at least partially arranged in a serpentine pattern.
[0046] When the medium-temperature flue gas after passing through heat exchanger 3 flows through evaporator 4, water or a steam-water mixture flows within a serpentine pipe. The serpentine pipe significantly increases the heat transfer area, prolongs the heat absorption time of the working fluid, and also promotes fluid turbulence and mixing within the pipe, thereby enhancing the heat transfer effect. The extended heating path and potential turbulence allow for more uniform heating of the water, making evaporator 4 more compact in structure.
[0047] In some embodiments of this application, the evaporator 4 includes multiple pipe units connected in series.
[0048] Water or a mixture of water and steam flows sequentially through each pipe unit. The fluid undergoes a continuous, gradually increasing heating process throughout the evaporator 4.
[0049] Series connection ensures that the fluid receives sufficient heating time in each pipe unit, contributing to the generation of more uniform and higher-quality steam. The series design also better matches the flue gas temperature gradient and the working fluid's heat absorption requirements, improving overall thermal efficiency.
[0050] In some embodiments of this application, the front chamber 1a and the rear chamber 1b form a flue gas deflection path through a top channel, and the bottom of the front chamber 1a is provided with a vent 1e.
[0051] Biomass fuel is burned on a water-cooled vibrating grate 2 in the front chamber 1a, generating high-temperature flue gas. This flue gas first flows upward along the front chamber 1a, and upon reaching the top of the front chamber 1a, it is guided into the rear chamber 1b through an opening in the top channel. This top channel forces the flue gas to turn, extending its path within the furnace and forming a flue gas deflection path. Simultaneously, fresh air is introduced from the vents 1e at the bottom of the front chamber 1a, directly contacting the incandescent combustion layer, providing sufficient oxygen to the fuel, and promoting complete combustion.
[0052] In some embodiments of this application, the bottom of the furnace body 1 is provided with a slag outlet 1f, which is connected to the front chamber 1a and the rear chamber 1b respectively.
[0053] The ash outlet 1f is located at the bottom of the furnace body 1, and its structural design allows ash falling from the bottom of the front chamber 1a, as well as fine ash particles that may settle from the bottom of the rear chamber 1b, to be discharged outside the furnace through this common channel. After the biomass fuel has been burned, the resulting ash will fall through the gaps in the water-cooled vibrating grate 2 into the ash outlet 1f area at the bottom.
[0054] In some embodiments of this application, a steam-water separator is provided inside the steam drum 5.
[0055] The steam-water separation device inside the steam drum 5 uses principles such as inertia, gravity, or centrifugal force to separate water droplets from steam in the steam-water mixture. The separated saturated steam is drawn out from the top of the steam drum 5 and used to supply heat to the outside or drive other equipment; while the separated water remains in the steam drum 5, re-enters the circulation, and is heated and vaporized again.
[0056] Effective removal of moisture from steam results in drier, purer saturated steam. Clean steam has higher heat transfer efficiency, providing more stable and higher-quality heating. It also reduces energy loss and heat waste caused by water carryover in the steam, contributing to improved thermal efficiency of the entire boiler system.
[0057] Secondly, this application also provides a dual-medium biomass heating system, including a water supply unit, an oil supply unit, and a dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate 2 boiler as described in any embodiment of the first aspect. The water supply unit is connected to the water-cooled vibrating grate 2 and the evaporator 4, respectively, and the oil supply unit is connected to the heat exchanger 3.
[0058] Biomass fuel enters the furnace body 1 through the feed inlet 1c. After entering the furnace body 1, the fuel burns on the water-cooled vibrating grate 2. Air enters from the air hole 1e at the bottom of the grate to provide oxygen for combustion. The grate vibrates periodically during the fuel combustion process to make the biomass fuel burn more completely. The ash formed after the fuel burns on the grate is discharged from the ash outlet 1f along the surface of the grate.
[0059] The high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of biomass fuel flows from bottom to top through the front chamber 1a of the furnace body 1, then turns and flows from top to bottom through the rear chamber 1b of the furnace body 1. When the high-temperature flue gas flows through the rear chamber 1b of the furnace body 1, it first exchanges heat with the thermal oil heat exchanger 3. The medium (thermal oil) in the thermal oil heat exchanger 3 absorbs the heat from the high-temperature flue gas, and its temperature rises, thus providing heat to the outside. After the high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with the thermal oil heat exchanger 3, its temperature decreases, and then it flows through the evaporator 4. The medium (water) in the evaporator 4 absorbs the heat from the flue gas, and its temperature rises, gradually generating steam to form a steam-water mixture. The steam-water mixture enters the steam drum 5 through a pipe for steam-water separation. The separated water vapor is used to provide heat to the outside.
[0060] The high-temperature flue gas generated by biomass combustion flows through the furnace body 1 and exchanges heat with the heat transfer oil heat exchanger 3 and evaporator 4. After the temperature decreases, it is discharged from the furnace body 1 through the flue gas outlet 1d.
[0061] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the technical solution provided in this application include:
[0062] This application utilizes two devices, a heat exchanger 3 and a steam drum 5, employing two heat transfer media with different temperature parameters. This satisfies both conventional medium- and low-temperature heating needs and provides high-temperature heat energy, solving the problem of fixed heating temperature in single-medium boilers. It can meet the diverse heat energy parameter requirements of different products and processes. Furthermore, multi-stage heat exchange allows for more thorough absorption of heat from the flue gas, reducing exhaust heat loss and thus improving the overall thermal efficiency of the boiler. Simultaneously, this application incorporates a flue gas flow channel within a single furnace body 1, resulting in a compact structure, short flue gas flow path, low flue gas resistance, and minimal flue gas loss.
[0063] Those skilled in the art will understand that the steps, measures, and schemes in the various operations, methods, processes, and procedures discussed in this application can be alternated, modified, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.
[0064] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of this application should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of this application.
Claims
1. A dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler, characterized in that, include: The furnace body has its inner cavity divided into a front chamber and a rear chamber by vertically arranged partition walls. The front chamber and the rear chamber are connected to form a curved flue gas flow channel. The front chamber has a feed inlet and the rear chamber has a flue gas outlet. A water-cooled vibrating grate is installed at the bottom of the front chamber; A heat exchanger, located in the rear chamber, is used to supply heat to the outside; An evaporator is disposed in the rear chamber and located downstream of the flow channel of the heat exchanger; The steam drum, connected to the evaporator via a first pipe, is used to supply heat to the outside.
2. The dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-cooled vibrating grate includes a grate body, a vibration drive device, and multiple water-cooling pipes. The multiple water-cooling pipes are connected in parallel and spliced together. The vibration drive device is connected to the grate body for driving the grate body to vibrate periodically.
3. The dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger is filled with heat-conducting oil, and the evaporator is filled with water or a mixture of water and steam.
4. The dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat exchanger includes a second conduit, which is at least partially arranged in a serpentine pattern.
5. The dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that, The evaporator includes a third conduit, which is at least partially arranged in a serpentine pattern.
6. The dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that, The evaporator includes multiple pipe units connected in series.
7. The dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front chamber and the rear chamber form a flue gas deflection path through a top channel, and the bottom of the front chamber is provided with air vents.
8. The dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the furnace body is provided with a slag outlet, which is connected to the front chamber and the rear chamber respectively.
9. The dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam drum is equipped with a steam-water separator.
10. A dual-medium biomass heating system, characterized in that, The system includes a water supply unit, an oil supply unit, and a dual-medium biomass water-cooled vibrating grate boiler as described in any one of claims 1 to 9. The water supply unit is connected to the water-cooled vibrating grate and the evaporator, respectively, and the oil supply unit is connected to the heat exchanger.