A concentric squirrel cage pulverizer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a concentric squirrel cage pulverizer relates to waste treatment equipment technical field. It includes airtight chamber and pulverizing device, and the pulverizing device contains pivot, fixed plate and a plurality of pulverizing tooth combination. Pulverizing tooth combination is along pivot circumferential distribution, and each group contains radial interval's pulverizing tooth monomer, and adjacent monomer forms independent extrusion hole. The extrusion hole of adjacent combination is at different diameter circumferential path. When working, material realizes multiple pulverization through impact, impact, gradient extrusion and shearing effect. This design eliminates the dead angle of pulverization, improves the uniformity and efficiency of crushing, reduces the energy consumption and the risk of blockage, adapts sludge and other semi-solid waste treatment, and is convenient for maintenance replacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste treatment equipment technology, specifically to a concentric rat cage crusher for treating solid or semi-solid waste such as sludge. Background Technology

[0002] In the treatment of solid or semi-solid wastes such as sludge, drying is usually required. Before drying, the waste needs to be crushed to achieve a better drying effect.

[0003] Existing pulverizers suffer from insufficient pulverization and dead zones when processing solid or semi-solid wastes such as sludge, failing to meet the requirements for subsequent drying. This is mainly due to the unreasonable structural design of existing pulverizing devices, which cannot perform comprehensive and gradual pulverization of waste, resulting in some waste being discharged without being fully pulverized, thus affecting the overall processing efficiency and effectiveness.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a new type of crusher to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a concentric cage crusher that can fully and uniformly crush solid or semi-solid waste such as sludge, eliminate processing dead zones, improve crushing effect, and create favorable conditions for subsequent drying treatment.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0007] This utility model discloses a concentric squirrel cage crusher, including a sealed chamber and a crushing device disposed within the sealed chamber. The sealed chamber has an inlet and an outlet, and the crushing device is disposed within the sealed chamber. The crushing device includes a rotating shaft, fixed plates fixed at both ends of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of crushing tooth assemblies connected between the two fixed plates. The plurality of crushing tooth assemblies are evenly distributed circumferentially along the rotating shaft, and each crushing tooth assembly includes a plurality of crushing tooth units distributed radially at intervals, thereby forming a compression hole between two adjacent crushing tooth units. One end of the rotating shaft extends out of the sealed chamber and is connected to a driving device.

[0008] This new type of concentric squirrel cage pulverizer achieves multi-stage, progressive pulverization of waste materials through the impact of individual pulverizing teeth, the impact of the sidewalls of the pulverizing tooth assembly, and the squeezing action of the extrusion holes. It has a good pulverization effect and eliminates processing dead zones.

[0009] Preferably, the shredding teeth are arranged in a cylindrical array to form a concentric cage structure.

[0010] Preferably, the extrusion holes of the two adjacent sets of crushing teeth are located on circumferential paths of different diameters.

[0011] The extrusion holes of two adjacent sets of crushing teeth are located on circumferential paths of different diameters, forming a staggered three-dimensional crushing space. This prevents the material from passing through in a straight line along a single circumferential direction during rotation, forcing it to undergo multiple radial transfers and extrusions. This significantly increases the contact opportunities between the material and the crushing teeth and the crushing path length, completely eliminating crushing dead zones and further improving crushing uniformity and efficiency.

[0012] Preferably, the pulverizing tooth unit is rod-shaped, with a circular, square, or polygonal cross-section, and has serrations on its outer surface.

[0013] The outer surface of the shredder unit is serrated, which can enhance the cutting and shredding effect on waste.

[0014] Preferably, the diameter of the extrusion hole gradually increases along the rotation direction of the crushing device.

[0015] The independent extrusion holes formed by the individual crushing teeth exhibit a decreasing diameter characteristic along the rotation direction (larger diameter at the inlet and smaller diameter at the outlet). When waste enters the extrusion holes as it rotates, it is first smoothly introduced through the large-diameter inlet. Then, as it moves towards the outlet, it is subjected to the gradually contracting extrusion action of the channel, achieving a progressive process from initial positioning to powerful crushing. At the same time, combined with the staggered design of circumferential paths of different diameters, the material is crushed in multiple dimensions in three-dimensional space.

[0016] Preferably, the feed inlet is located at the top of the sealed chamber, and the discharge outlet is located at the bottom of the sealed chamber.

[0017] Preferably, the driving device is a motor, and the motor is connected to the rotating shaft through a reducer.

[0018] Preferably, the fixing plate is circular, and its diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the sealed chamber.

[0019] Preferably, the pulverizing tooth assembly is detachably connected to the fixing plate.

[0020] The shredder assembly is detachably connected to the mounting plate, facilitating replacement and maintenance.

[0021] Preferably, at least one intermediate plate is provided on the rotating shaft between the two fixed plates, and a plurality of crushing teeth are provided between the intermediate plate and the adjacent intermediate plate, and between the intermediate plate and the adjacent fixed plate.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] Complete crushing with no dead angles, more thorough treatment: Utilizing a concentric squirrel cage structure design, it achieves a triple crushing effect through direct impact of individual crushing teeth, centrifugal impact of the sidewalls of adjacent crushing tooth combinations, and progressive extrusion through the extrusion holes. In particular, the extrusion holes of adjacent crushing tooth combinations are located on circumferential paths of different diameters, forming a three-dimensional, interwoven crushing space. This prevents materials from escaping along a single trajectory, forcing them to undergo multiple radial transfers and multi-angle extrusions, completely eliminating the processing dead angles of traditional crushers and ensuring that semi-solid waste such as sludge is crushed from all directions.

[0024] Progressive crushing, balancing efficiency and effectiveness: The structural design of a single extrusion orifice with a large inlet and a small outlet allows materials to smoothly enter the channel through the large-diameter inlet, avoiding clogging problems caused by traditional equal-diameter orifices or inlets that are too small. This is especially suitable for processing highly viscous and easily agglomerated sludge-like materials. As the material moves towards the outlet with the rotation, the channel gradually narrows, generating increasing extrusion pressure, achieving a progressive processing from "smooth introduction" to "powerful crushing," ensuring both feeding efficiency and improved crushing effect.

[0025] Optimized structural design for enhanced adaptability: The cutting edges on the surface of the individual crushing teeth enhance the cutting ability of sticky materials, effectively addressing the adhesion characteristics of semi-solid wastes such as sludge; the combination of fixed teeth on the inner wall of the sealed chamber and rotating crushing teeth creates relative motion, further strengthening the shearing and crushing effect; the detachable crushing tooth assembly design facilitates later maintenance and replacement, reducing equipment operation and maintenance costs, and is especially suitable for long-term processing of high-impurity waste.

[0026] Stable and reliable operation with a wide range of applications: The overall structure, through the synergistic effect of multiple crushing mechanisms, reduces the risk of material accumulation and blockage in the chamber, significantly improving operational stability. It is not only suitable for the pretreatment of sludge from urban wastewater treatment plants, but also for the crushing and treatment of various solid or semi-solid materials such as industrial waste residue and agricultural organic waste, providing high-quality raw materials for subsequent drying, incineration, or resource utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the concentric rat cage crusher of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the crushing device of the concentric rat cage crusher of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The left view. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0031] Please see Figures 1 to 3 The concentric squirrel cage crusher of this embodiment is suitable for crushing high-temperature materials. It includes a sealed chamber 1, which is welded from high-temperature resistant steel plate and has an overall cylindrical structure. The top center of the sealed chamber 1 is provided with a feed inlet 2, and the bottom is inclined with a discharge outlet 3. A pneumatic gate valve can be installed at the discharge outlet 3 to control the discharge rhythm.

[0032] A crushing device is installed inside the sealed chamber 1. The crushing device includes a rotating shaft 4, fixed plates 5 fixed to both ends of the rotating shaft 4, and a plurality of crushing teeth assemblies 6 connected between the two fixed plates 5. The rotating shaft 4 is made of 45 steel with heat treatment, has a diameter of 40 mm and a length of 1800 mm, and its two ends are supported on the end plates of the sealed chamber 1 by bearing seats 7. Cylindrical roller bearings are selected to withstand radial loads.

[0033] The fixing plate 5 is fixed to the rotating shaft 4 by a key connection. The edge of the fixing plate 5 has 8 sets of mounting holes evenly distributed for connecting the crushing tooth assembly 6. The diameter of the fixing plate 5 is smaller than the inner diameter of the sealed chamber 1, and a 4.5mm annular gap 8 is formed between the two to avoid interference during rotation and to ensure the crushing effect.

[0034] In this embodiment, there are 8 sets of crushing tooth assemblies 6, which are evenly distributed around the 4th circumference of the rotation axis (adjacent assemblies are at an angle of 45°), forming a concentric squirrel cage structure in a cylindrical array. Each crushing tooth assembly 6 includes 3 crushing tooth units 9 distributed radially at intervals. The crushing tooth unit 9 has a rod-shaped structure, and the shape can be selected according to actual needs. The outer surface is provided with serrated cutting edges with a height of 3mm and a cutting edge spacing of 20mm.

[0035] Independent extrusion holes 10 are formed between two adjacent crushing tooth units 9. The extrusion holes 10 can be straight through holes with consistent dimensions, or variable holes with the inlet diameter smaller than the outlet diameter. They exhibit a uniform decreasing characteristic along the rotation direction of the crushing device. The inner wall of the hole is polished (roughness Ra1.6) to reduce material adhesion. The extrusion holes 10 of two adjacent sets of crushing tooth assemblies 6 are located on different circumferential paths with diameters of 300mm, 400mm, 500mm, and 600mm, respectively, forming a staggered three-dimensional crushing space.

[0036] To improve the crushing performance, two rings of fixed teeth can be welded to the inner wall of the sealed chamber 1. The fixed teeth are made of wear-resistant alloy steel and form a relative shearing motion pair with the crushing teeth.

[0037] One end of the rotating shaft 4 extends to the outside of the sealed chamber 1 and is connected to a drive device. In this embodiment, the drive device is a combination of a motor and a reducer. The motor and the reducer are connected by an elastic pin coupling, and the output shaft of the reducer is connected to the rotating shaft by a diaphragm coupling to compensate for installation errors.

[0038] The crushing tooth assembly 6 is connected to the fixing plate 5 with M12 high-strength bolts. The bolt heads are countersunk to avoid interference. Each crushing tooth unit 9 is fixed at both ends by two bolts, which facilitates individual replacement after wear.

[0039] In this embodiment, the concentric squirrel cage crusher operates by first starting the drive unit through the control system. The motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate via the reducer, ensuring the crushing device operates stably in the predetermined rotation direction. Once the equipment reaches its rated speed, municipal sludge with a moisture content of 80% is continuously fed into the sealed chamber 1 from the feed inlet 2 via a screw conveyor, with the feed rate controlled at 5-8 t / h.

[0040] At least one intermediate plate 11 is provided on the rotating shaft 4 between the two fixed plates 5. Several crushing tooth combinations 6 are provided between the intermediate plate 11 and the adjacent intermediate plate 11, and between the intermediate plate 11 and the adjacent fixed plate 5.

[0041] The sludge immediately interacts with the rotating pulverizing device upon entering the chamber:

[0042] The high-speed rotating crushing tooth unit 9 directly impacts the falling sludge blocks, initially breaking up large agglomerates;

[0043] The broken-up sludge moves towards the edge of the chamber under the action of centrifugal force, enters the space between two adjacent sets of crushing teeth 6, and collides at high speed with the side wall of the combination, further refining the particles;

[0044] Part of the broken sludge enters the space between two adjacent sets of crushing teeth assemblies 6. As it rotates and enters the extrusion hole 10, it is first smoothly introduced through the large-diameter inlet end. During the rotation and movement of the crushing device, it is subjected to the action of the extrusion hole 10 with the gradually shrinking diameter. Through the combined action of the inner wall of the channel and the saw teeth, gradient extrusion and crushing are achieved. Finally, it is discharged from the small-diameter outlet end to the space between the next two adjacent sets of crushing teeth assemblies 6 for further crushing.

[0045] Some of the sludge that does not pass through the squeezing hole 10 is thrown against the inner wall of the chamber by centrifugal force, and after shearing with the fixed teeth, it is rolled back into the crushing area to form a cycle of crushing.

[0046] The sludge particles, after being pulverized through multiple processes, are intermittently discharged through a pneumatic gate valve at the bottom outlet 3, and then enter the subsequent drying process. During equipment operation, the operating status is monitored in real time by online vibration and temperature sensors, and the machine automatically shuts down for protection when an abnormality occurs.

[0047] The concentric squirrel cage crusher provided by the embodiments of this utility model has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical solution disclosed by this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A concentric squirrel cage crusher, comprising a sealed chamber and a crushing device disposed within the sealed chamber, wherein the sealed chamber has an inlet and an outlet, and the crushing device is disposed within the sealed chamber, characterized in that: The crushing device includes a rotating shaft, fixed plates at both ends of the rotating shaft, and a plurality of crushing tooth assemblies connected between the two fixed plates; the plurality of crushing tooth assemblies are evenly distributed circumferentially along the rotating shaft, and each crushing tooth assembly includes a plurality of crushing tooth units distributed radially at intervals, thereby forming a squeezing hole between two adjacent crushing tooth units; one end of the rotating shaft extends out of the sealed chamber and is connected to a driving device.

2. The concentric rat cage crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shredding teeth are arranged in a cylindrical array to form a concentric cage structure.

3. The concentric rat cage crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion holes of the two adjacent sets of crushing teeth are located on circumferential paths of different diameters.

4. The concentric rat cage crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulverizing tooth unit is rod-shaped, with a circular, square, or polygonal cross-section, and has serrations on its outer surface.

5. A concentric rat cage crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the extrusion hole gradually increases along the rotation direction of the crushing device.

6. A concentric rat cage crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed inlet is located at the top of the sealed chamber, and the discharge outlet is located at the bottom of the sealed chamber.

7. A concentric rat cage crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving device is a motor, which is connected to the rotating shaft through a reducer.

8. A concentric rat cage crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing plate is circular, and its diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the sealed chamber.

9. A concentric rat cage crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pulverizing teeth assembly is detachably connected to the fixing plate.

10. A concentric rat cage crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one intermediate plate is provided on the rotating shaft between the two fixed plates, and several combinations of crushing teeth are provided between the intermediate plate and the adjacent intermediate plate, and between the intermediate plate and the adjacent fixed plate.

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