A fireproof multilayer composite film, thermal insulation felt

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of fireproof multilayer composite film, heat insulation felt, including sequentially compounded first polymer film layer, first mesh cloth layer, inorganic particle layer, second mesh cloth layer, second polymer film layer;The first polymer film layer with the first mesh cloth layer between and the second polymer film layer with the second mesh cloth layer with between through adhesive bonding together;The inorganic particle layer is compounded between first mesh cloth layer and second mesh cloth layer by adhesive.The fireproof multilayer composite film of the utility model contains inorganic particle layer, in preparation process, part inorganic particle fills or inserts in the grid of mesh cloth, another part inorganic particle is attached on the surface of the constituent fiber of mesh cloth, inorganic particle fully wraps the constituent fiber of mesh cloth, so that the static structure of composite film has good compactness and stability, provides reliable fire protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of flame-retardant and heat-insulating materials technology, specifically to a fireproof multilayer composite film and a heat-insulating felt. Background Technology

[0002] According to statistics from the Cabin Safety Research and Technology Group (CRSTG), led by the FAA and with broad participation from the global civil aviation industry, 40% of passengers who survive an aircraft crash die in the subsequent fire. As the largest area in the aircraft cabin environment and the area with the most interaction with passengers, the fire resistance and flame retardancy of the cabin interior decoration significantly impact the safety of the occupants. Improving the fuselage's burn-through resistance, i.e., delaying the time it takes for flames to enter the cabin, provides sufficient time for emergency evacuation.

[0003] The sound and heat insulation materials used in existing commercial aircraft are usually installed on the rear side of the aircraft's interior panels. They are mainly formed by wrapping flame-retardant inorganic materials with high-performance fire-retardant composite films, thereby protecting passengers, cargo and equipment from the effects of environmental conditions and engine noise, while preventing the heat and sound insulation layers from burning through and stopping the spread of fire.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent CN102405172B and French patent FR3126106A3 both disclose a sandwich-structured composite laminate, consisting of a polymer moisture-proof layer with a UL94 flame rating of V-0, an inorganic sheet layer with a certain aspect ratio, and a thermoplastic film layer with a UL94 flame rating of V-0. The difference between these two patents lies in the different parameter ranges disclosed. The polymer films on both sides serve to prevent moisture and reduce surface flame combustion, while the middle fireproof layer is composed of inorganic sheet material with a certain particle aspect ratio. However, an excessively high aspect ratio can reduce the flowability of the inorganic material, thereby decreasing the coating uniformity and forming more pores during stacking, thus reducing the compactness of the fireproof layer. In addition, particle shape and particle size distribution also affect flowability and stacking characteristics. Insufficiently uniform and compact particle stacking may lead to a decrease in fireproof stability.

[0005] Chinese patent CN105593016B discloses a flame-retardant laminate, comprising a first thin film; a second silica cloth; a third thin film; and an adhesive compound, containing at least one inorganic filler. This flame-retardant laminate uses dense high-silica fiber cloth as the fireproof layer, exhibiting higher flexibility than inorganic particle stacking layers, but it has higher manufacturing costs, requires more precise weaving techniques, and has lower fire-retardant stability.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a new type of fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane that can improve the uniformity of structural quality and the stability of product performance while reducing manufacturing costs, while meeting the requirements of burn-through resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by providing a fireproof multilayer composite film and a heat insulation felt.

[0008] To achieve its purpose, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] The first aspect of this utility model provides a fireproof multilayer composite membrane, comprising a first polymer film layer, a first mesh fabric layer, an inorganic particle layer, a second mesh fabric layer, and a second polymer film layer sequentially laminated together; the first polymer film layer and the first mesh fabric layer, as well as the second polymer film layer and the second mesh fabric layer, are bonded together by an adhesive; the inorganic particle layer is laminated between the first mesh fabric layer and the second mesh fabric layer by an adhesive.

[0010] Preferably, the inorganic particle layer includes a first inorganic particle layer and a second inorganic particle layer; the first polymer film layer, the first mesh fabric layer, and the first inorganic particle layer are sequentially composited to form a first combined layer; the second polymer film layer, the second mesh fabric layer, and the second inorganic particle layer are sequentially composited to form a second combined layer; the first inorganic particle layer and the second inorganic particle layer are bonded together with an adhesive, and the first combined layer and the second combined layer are bonded together to form a fireproof multilayer composite film.

[0011] Preferably, the inorganic particles used as raw material for the inorganic particle layer are inorganic refractory materials with a particle size of 100-3000 mesh, an aspect ratio of 1-10, and a glass melting rate constant τ≥4; the total thickness of the inorganic particle layer is 60-300 micrometers.

[0012] Preferably, when the inorganic particle layer includes a first inorganic particle layer and a second inorganic particle layer, the raw material inorganic particles of the inorganic particle layer are inorganic refractory materials with a particle size of 100-3000 mesh, an aspect ratio of 1-10, and a glass melting rate constant τ≥4; the thickness of both the first inorganic particle layer and the second inorganic particle layer is 30-150 micrometers.

[0013] Preferably, the inorganic particles used in the inorganic particle layer have a particle size of 200-1500 mesh, and the inorganic particles are one or a mixture of silicate minerals, mica, vermiculite, talc, and montmorillonite.

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the first polymer film layer or the second polymer film layer is 6 to 10 μm;

[0015] The materials used to manufacture the first or second polymer film layer are selected from polyetheretherketone, polyetherketoneketone, polyetherketone, polyester, polyimide, polyfluorinated vinyl, polyamide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyarylsulfone, polyesteramide, polyesterimide, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, and ethylene trifluorochloroethylene.

[0016] The fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane has a basis weight of 75-135 g / m³. 2 The thickness is 0.2 to 0.46 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the thickness of the first or second mesh fabric layer is 50–120 μm; the mass per unit area is 5–30 g / m². 2 The mesh size of the fabric is 6-18 mesh, and the tensile strength is 85-273 N / 50 mm.

[0018] The first and second mesh layers are arranged with staggered grids that do not completely overlap.

[0019] Preferably, the first mesh fabric layer or the second mesh fabric layer is a flat mesh fabric formed by weaving multiple strands of fiber yarn, and the fiber yarn material is organic fiber or inorganic fiber; the mesh size of the mesh fabric is 1-4mm × 1-4mm, and the mesh is rectangular, circular, elliptical or polygonal.

[0020] The second aspect of this utility model provides a fireproof and heat-insulating felt, comprising at least two fireproof multilayer composite films as described in any one of the above claims, wherein a core material layer is disposed between each pair of fireproof multilayer composite films, and the fireproof multilayer composite films and the core material layers are bonded together by an adhesive.

[0021] Preferably, the core material is selected from foam, organic or inorganic fibers; the core material thickness is 10-75 mm.

[0022] The fireproof and heat-insulating felt includes two, three, five, or seven fireproof multilayer composite films, with a core material layer between each pair of fireproof multilayer composite films.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0024] This fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane comprises an inorganic particle layer. During the preparation process, some inorganic particles fill or embed in the mesh of the mesh fabric, while others adhere to the surface of the constituent fibers of the mesh fabric. The inorganic particles fully encapsulate the constituent fibers of the mesh fabric, giving the composite membrane a good density and stability in its static structure. Even when the composite membrane is damaged or destroyed (such as when the mesh fabric fibers melt at high temperatures or due to mechanical damage), the inorganic particle layer can maintain the structural integrity (structural uniformity) of the composite membrane, avoiding adverse effects such as leaks at fiber defects and providing reliable fire protection.

[0025] The fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane of this invention uses a mesh layer made of mesh fabric, which has lower material requirements. While meeting the requirements for burn-through resistance, it effectively reduces manufacturing costs and enhances market competitiveness. The resulting fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane, while meeting burn-through resistance requirements, improves structural uniformity, exhibits good overall strength and stability, and reduces manufacturing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fireproof multilayer composite membrane of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fireproof and heat-insulating felt of this utility model;

[0028] In the picture,

[0029] 1-Fireproof multilayer composite membrane, 111-First polymer membrane layer, 121-First mesh fabric layer, 13-Inorganic particle layer, 131-First inorganic particle layer, 132-Second inorganic particle layer, 122-Second mesh fabric layer, 112-Second polymer membrane layer;

[0030] 3-Fireproof and heat-insulating felt, 2-Core material layer. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments, but this does not limit the present invention.

[0032] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following examples are conventional methods.

[0033] Example 1: Fire-resistant multilayer composite film of this utility model

[0034] I. The fireproof multilayer composite film of this utility model

[0035] like Figure 1 The fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane 1 of this invention, as shown, comprises a first polymer film layer 111, a first mesh fabric layer 121, an inorganic particle layer 13, a second mesh fabric layer 122, and a second polymer film layer 112, sequentially laminated together. Optionally, an adhesive layer is further provided on the outer side of the first polymer film layer 111 or the second polymer film layer 112. The first polymer film layer 111 and the first mesh fabric layer 121, as well as the second polymer film layer 112 and the second mesh fabric layer 122, are bonded together by adhesive. The inorganic particle layer 13 is laminated between the first mesh fabric layer 121 and the second mesh fabric layer 122 by adhesive.

[0036] In some implementations, the total thickness of the inorganic particle layer 13 is 60–300 micrometers.

[0037] In some embodiments, the inorganic particle layer 13 includes a first inorganic particle layer 131 and a second inorganic particle layer 132. A first polymer film layer 111, a first mesh fabric layer 121, and a first inorganic particle layer 131 are sequentially composited to form a first combined layer. A second polymer film layer 112, a second mesh fabric layer 122, and a second inorganic particle layer 132 are sequentially composited to form a second combined layer. The first inorganic particle layer 131 and the second inorganic particle layer 132 are bonded together with an adhesive, thus bonding the first combined layer and the second combined layer together to form the fire-resistant multilayer composite film 1 of this invention.

[0038] In some implementations, the thickness of both the first inorganic particle layer 131 and the second inorganic particle layer 132 is 30 to 150 micrometers.

[0039] The fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane of this invention has a basis weight of 75-135 g / m³. 2 The thickness is 0.2 to 0.46 mm.

[0040] (1) Polymer film layer

[0041] The thickness of the first or second polymer film layer is 6 to 10 μm, preferably 6 μm. The manufacturing material of the first or second polymer film layer is selected from polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), polyetherketone (PEK), polyester, polyimide, polyvinyl fluoride, polyamide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyarylsulfone, polyesteramide, polyesterimide, polyethersulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, ethylene trifluorochloroethylene, etc., and its surface combustion characteristics meet the ASTM E84 Class A standard issued by the American ASTM International Standardization Organization.

[0042] (2) Mesh Fabric Layer

[0043] The first mesh layer / second mesh layer is a flat mesh fabric formed by weaving multiple strands of fiber yarns. The fiber yarn material can be organic fiber or inorganic fiber.

[0044] Organic fibers include: PAI fiber, PBI fiber, PI fiber, PEEK fiber, PPS fiber, PTFE fiber, PSU fiber, PPSU fiber, and PEI fiber.

[0045] Inorganic fibers include: glass fiber, high silica fiber, quartz fiber, basalt fiber, and alkaline earth silicate fiber.

[0046] The specifications / performance parameters of the first or second mesh fabric layer are as follows:

[0047] The thickness is 50–120 μm, preferably 100 μm;

[0048] The mass per unit area is 5–30 g / m²2 The preferred unit area mass is 15g / m². 2 ;

[0049] The mesh count of the mesh fabric is 6 to 18 meshes, and the mesh can be rectangular, circular, elliptical or polygonal, etc. The preferred mesh shape is rectangular, the mesh size is 1 to 4 mm × 1 to 4 mm, the preferred mesh size is (1 to 3 × 1 to 3) mm, and the more preferred mesh size is 3 × 3 mm.

[0050] The tensile strength is 85-273 N / 50 mm, with a preferred tensile strength of 150 N / 50 mm.

[0051] The mesh fabric layer can increase the coating uniformity of the inorganic particle layer and can also serve as a reinforcing material to provide mechanical support.

[0052] (3) Inorganic particle layer

[0053] The inorganic particle layer consists of high-temperature resistant inorganic particles. At a microscopic level, the inorganic particles fully encapsulate the constituent fibers of the mesh fabric to improve the structural density and fire resistance of the composite membrane.

[0054] The performance parameters of the inorganic particles are as follows:

[0055]

[0056] The particle size of the inorganic particles should be between 100 and 3000 mesh (preferably 200 to 1500 mesh, more preferably 100 to 200 mesh). If the mesh size is too high, the particles will be too small and unable to overlap with the fiber surface of the mesh fabric layer; if the mesh size is too low, the particles will be too large and unable to fill the mesh of the mesh fabric. The aspect ratio of the inorganic particles should be between 1 and 10. As the aspect ratio gradually increases, the shape of the particles gradually becomes longer. If particles with an excessively large aspect ratio are used to prepare the composite film, the inorganic particles cannot effectively overlap, resulting in pores in the inorganic particle layer. When the fireproof film is exposed to flame, it is easy to form leaks. The glass melting rate constant τ of the inorganic particle layer should be ≥ 4. The glass melting rate constant τ is a characteristic value representing the relative refractory nature of the inorganic particles in the composite film. The smaller the τ value, the lower the melting temperature. SiO2 in inorganic particles can provide the glass with thermal stability, heat resistance, chemical stability, and mechanical strength, but when the content is high, a higher melting temperature is required, and it may lead to crystallization. Al2O3 can reduce the tendency of glass to crystallize and improve the chemical stability, thermal stability and mechanical strength of glass.

[0057] The raw materials for inorganic particles are inorganic refractory materials, which can be mineral materials, such as silicate minerals with SiO2 and Al2O3 as their main components, mica, vermiculite, talc, montmorillonite, feldspar, etc., or artificially synthesized high-temperature resistant inorganic materials, such as high-temperature resistant microglass fibers. Common vermiculite raw materials have the following main chemical compositions by mass percentage: 37–43% SiO2, 9–17% Al2O3, 5–24% Fe2O3, 11–23% MgO, 11.8% K2O, and 0.5–9% H2O. Glass fibers can have the following main chemical compositions by mass percentage: 45.3% SiO2, 51.3% Al2O3, and 3.4% ZrO2. The main chemical components of muscovite are as follows: by mass percentage, 45.2% SiO2, 38.5% Al2O3, 11.8% K2O, and 4.5% H2O.

[0058] The preferred inorganic particles are one or more mixtures of fluorophlogopite, silicate minerals, or vermiculite. Products with the required particle size and aspect ratio can be purchased directly. There are many suppliers on the market that sell such qualified inorganic particle products, which are common commodities.

[0059] (4) Adhesive

[0060] The adhesive used in the multilayer composite film of this invention includes a binder, which is selected from one or more of the following: polyurethane, acrylic acid, vinyl acetate, aluminum silicate, and methyl organosilicon.

[0061] Adhesives may also contain one or more of the following additives: waterproofing agents, flame retardants, and defoamers. Among them, flame retardants and defoamers mainly play a role in enhancing fire resistance and flame retardancy.

[0062] The waterproofing agent is selected from one or more of the following: silicone-based waterproofing agents, fluorocarbon-based waterproofing agents, and acrylic-based waterproofing agents.

[0063] The adhesive accounts for 15-36% of the total mass of the multilayer composite film product of this invention, and conventional adhesive raw materials in the field of fireproof multilayer composite film technology can be selected.

[0064] II. Fireproof and heat-insulating felt of this utility model

[0065] The fire-resistant multilayer composite film of this invention can also be used to prepare fire-resistant and heat-insulating felt:

[0066] like Figure 2 The fireproof and heat-insulating felt 3 of this utility model includes at least two fireproof multilayer composite films 1, with a core material layer 2 disposed between each pair of fireproof multilayer composite films 1, and the fireproof multilayer composite films 1 and the core material layer 2 are bonded together by an adhesive.

[0067] The core layer 2 is made of materials including foam, organic or inorganic fibers, such as polyimide foam, glass fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, carbon fiber, pre-oxidized fiber, etc. The thickness of the core layer 2 is 10-75 mm.

[0068] The number of fire-resistant multilayer composite membranes 1 can be multiple (e.g., three or five), with core material layers 2 set between each pair, forming a sandwich structure in which the fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane 1 is sandwiched with the core material layer 2.

[0069] The preparation method of the fireproof and heat-insulating felt of this utility model is as follows: an adhesive is coated on the first polymer film layer 111 and / or the second polymer film layer 112 of the fireproof multilayer composite film 1, the fireproof multilayer composite films 1 are placed opposite each other, and the core material layer 2 is wrapped around them. The fireproof and heat-insulating felt 3 is obtained by adhesive bonding and hot pressing. The heat-insulating felt suitable for aircraft fuselage is obtained. The two fireproof multilayer composite film 1 products are not easy to peel off and delaminate after hot pressing and have good heat-sealing properties.

[0070] Example 2: Preparation method of the fireproof multilayer composite film of this utility model

[0071] I. Preparation of the fire-retardant multilayer composite film of Example 1

[0072] The first method for preparing a fire-resistant multilayer composite film includes the following steps:

[0073] The first polymer film layer and the first mesh fabric layer are bonded together with an adhesive.

[0074] The second polymer film layer and the second mesh fabric layer are bonded together with an adhesive.

[0075] An inorganic particle mixture is coated onto a first mesh fabric layer and / or a second mesh fabric layer, and then dried and shaped to obtain an inorganic particle layer.

[0076] Fire-resistant multilayer composite film is prepared by bonding the various layers with adhesives and sandwiching the inorganic particle layer between the first and second mesh fabric layers.

[0077] Preferably, the fire-retardant multilayer composite film of this invention can also be prepared using the second preparation method, with the following steps:

[0078] Step 1: Bond the first polymer film layer and the first mesh fabric layer together with an adhesive; bond the second polymer film layer and the second mesh fabric layer together using the same method.

[0079] Step 2: Coat the first mesh fabric layer with an inorganic particle mixture, and dry and set it at high temperature to obtain the first inorganic particle layer. The first polymer film layer, the first mesh fabric layer, and the first inorganic particle layer constitute the first composite layer. Coat the second mesh fabric layer with an inorganic particle mixture, and dry and set it at high temperature to obtain the second inorganic particle layer. The second polymer film layer, the second mesh fabric layer, and the second inorganic particle layer constitute the second composite layer.

[0080] The inorganic particle mixture contains 35-65 wt% inorganic particles, 1-10 wt% binder, 0-15 wt% waterproofing agent, 0-10 wt% flame retardant, 0-1 wt% defoamer, and the balance is water.

[0081] Step 3: Apply adhesive to the inorganic particle layer of the first composite layer and / or the second composite layer, and hot-press the first composite layer and the second composite layer together to obtain a fireproof multilayer composite film.

[0082] Preferably, in the multilayer composite membrane, the first and second mesh fabric layers are arranged in an alternating pattern. This alternating arrangement means that the fiber lines of the mesh fabric layers in the same direction do not completely overlap. If the fiber lines completely overlap, one fiber line covers another, preventing the inorganic particles from fully encapsulating the fibers. Once the fibers melt due to heat, defects are more likely to occur at the overlapping points, increasing the risk of leaks and reducing the product's burn-through resistance.

[0083] In fire-resistant multilayer composite films, some inorganic particles are uniformly filled or embedded within the mesh of the mesh fabric, while others are attached to the surface of the constituent fibers of the mesh fabric. The mesh size should not be too large or too small. When the mesh size is too large, inorganic particles are more likely to aggregate at the mesh edges, intersections, or larger spaces within the mesh, forming particle clusters or agglomerates. Uneven distribution of inorganic particles leads to thinner areas where leakage points are easily formed at high temperatures, resulting in insufficient flame burn-through radiation temperature. When the mesh size is too small, it increases unnecessary weight and the processing difficulty of the staggered arrangement, which will also directly affect the coating effect of inorganic particles, making it difficult for inorganic particles to fully encapsulate the fibers. Since the temperature resistance of some mesh fibers is not as good as that of inorganic particles (except for high-silica fibers), the mesh melts at high temperatures, creating more pores, which reduces the flame burn-through resistance.

[0084] During the preparation of fire-resistant multilayer composite membranes, inorganic particles fully encapsulate the constituent fibers of the mesh fabric, giving the composite membrane a static structure with good density and stability. Even when the composite membrane is damaged or destroyed (such as when the mesh fabric fibers melt at high temperatures or due to mechanical damage), the inorganic particle layer can maintain the structural integrity (structural uniformity) of the composite membrane, avoiding adverse effects such as leakage points at fiber defects, and providing reliable fire protection.

[0085] The fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane of this invention uses a mesh fabric for its mesh layer, which has lower material requirements. While meeting the requirements for burn-through resistance, it effectively reduces manufacturing costs and enhances market competitiveness. The first polymer film layer, first mesh fabric layer, second mesh fabric layer, second polymer film layer, inorganic particulate material, and adhesive raw materials used in this composite membrane are all commercially available.

[0086] To prepare the composite membrane products listed in Table 1-2 using the second preparation method described above, follow these steps:

[0087] Step 1 The first polymer film layer and the first mesh fabric layer are bonded together with an adhesive. The second polymer film layer and the second mesh fabric layer are bonded together using the same method: an adhesive solution is prepared and injected into the liquid tank of the coating machine. The polymer film layer roll is mounted on one unwinding mechanism of the coating machine, and the mesh fabric layer roll is mounted on another unwinding mechanism of the coating machine. The polymer film layer is pulled and moved and coated with adhesive. After being dried in an oven, it is hot-pressed together with the mesh fabric layer using a hot-pressing device.

[0088] The adhesive solution is used to bond the polymer film layer and the mesh fabric layer together. In the production of fire-resistant composite membrane materials, adhesives are conventional raw materials for bonding multiple layers of materials into one. The adhesives conventionally used in fire-resistant composite membrane materials in the prior art can all be used in the fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane material of this utility model. The following are the specific formulations of the adhesive solutions in the various embodiments and comparative examples of this utility model, which are conventional formulations in the art:

[0089] The adhesive solution of Example 1 contains the following components by weight percentage: 25% acrylic acid, 25% vinyl acetate, 1% methylsilane, 3% silicone-based waterproofing agent, 7% antimony trioxide, and the balance being water.

[0090] The adhesive solutions of Examples 2, 5-15 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are the same, containing the following components by mass percentage: 25% acrylic acid, 25% vinyl acetate, 3% silicone-based waterproofing agent, 7% antimony trioxide, and the balance being water.

[0091] The adhesive solutions of Examples 3 and 4 contain the following components by mass percentage: 10% polyurethane, 15% acrylic acid, 25% vinyl acetate, 2% silicone waterproofing agent, 1% fluorocarbon, 10% phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant, and the balance being water.

[0092] Step 2 An inorganic particle mixture is coated onto a first mesh fabric layer and dried at high temperature to obtain a first inorganic particle layer. The first polymer film layer, the first mesh fabric layer, and the first inorganic particle layer constitute a first composite layer. An inorganic particle mixture is coated onto a second mesh fabric layer and dried at high temperature to obtain a second inorganic particle layer. The second polymer film layer, the second mesh fabric layer, and the second inorganic particle layer constitute a second composite layer. The specific coating method for either the first or second inorganic particle layer is as follows: An inorganic particle mixture is prepared and loaded into the liquid container of a coating machine. The composite material prepared in step 1 is moved by traction and coated with the inorganic particle mixture, then dried in an oven and wound up. The first and second inorganic particle layers have the same thickness of 30–150 micrometers.

[0093] The inorganic particle mixtures used in the various embodiments and comparative examples are as follows:

[0094] The inorganic particle mixtures of Examples 1-9, Examples 11-15, and Comparative Examples 1-2 contain the following components by mass percentage: 36% fluorophlogopite, 10% binder (vinyl acetate), 6% waterproofing agent (silicone waterproofing agent / polysiloxane), 5% flame retardant (antimony trioxide), 0.5% defoamer (silicone oil), and the balance being water.

[0095] Example 10: 38% silicate minerals, 8% binder (vinyl acetate), 10% waterproofing agent (silicone-based waterproofing agent / polysiloxane), 7% flame retardant (antimony trioxide), 0.3% defoamer (silicone oil), and the balance is water.

[0096] Comparative Example 3: 35% feldspar, 10% binder (vinyl acetate), 6% waterproofing agent (silicone-based waterproofing agent / polysiloxane), 5% flame retardant (antimony trioxide), 0.5% defoamer (silicone oil), and the balance being water.

[0097] Comparative Example 4: The vermiculite layer has a density of 37.9 g / m³. 2 The weight per unit area is obtained by directly purchasing the product (the product described in Chinese Patent CN102405172B).

[0098] The inorganic particles used in Examples 1-9, Examples 11-15, and Comparative Examples 1-2 were fluorophlogopite, with the following composition by mass percentage: 41.73% SiO2, 12.54% Al2O3, 10.75% K2O, 0.21% Na2O, 0.45% CaO, 0.12% TFe2O3, 27.7% MgO, and 0.45% P2O5. The inorganic particles in Example 10 were silicate minerals (calcined kaolin), with the following composition by mass percentage: 42.44% SiO2, 6.40% K2O, 4.21% Na2O, 45.95% BaO / C, and 1.00% BaO / N. The inorganic particles in Comparative Example 3 were feldspar, with the following composition by mass percentage: 41.19% SiO2, 13.81% Al2O3, 14.31% K2O, 11.80% Na2O, 0.32% CaO, 9.89% Fe2O3, and 9.13% H2O. The inorganic particles in Comparative Example 4 were vermiculite, with the following composition by mass percentage: 38.62% SiO2, 14.78% Al2O3, 9.41% Fe2O3, 22.16% MgO, 6.29% K2O, 2.02% Na2O, 1.45% CaO, and 5.27% H2O.

[0099] The inorganic particulate raw materials, including fluorophlogopite, silicate minerals, feldspar, and vermiculite, were all commercially available. The glass melting rate constant (τ) in Table 2 is a product performance parameter value provided by the inorganic particulate supplier. During the initial research phase, the inventors screened various inorganic particulate raw materials and found that the glass melting rate constant (τ) of the inorganic particles had a significant impact on the performance of the final fire-resistant multilayer composite film. Inorganic particulate raw materials with a glass melting rate constant τ ≥ 4 should be selected. Comparative Example 3 used feldspar with a glass melting rate constant τ < 4, and its fire-resistant multilayer composite film product failed to meet the burn-through resistance standard. When purchasing inorganic particulate raw materials, materials with a particle size of 100–3000 mesh (preferably 100–200 mesh) and an aspect ratio of 1–10 should be selected. Inorganic particulate raw materials meeting these specifications can be directly purchased commercially.

[0100] Step 3 An adhesive is coated onto the inorganic particle layer of the first composite layer and / or the second composite layer, and the first and second composite layers are hot-pressed together to obtain a fire-resistant multilayer composite film. Using the same adhesive solution as in step 1, the adhesive solution is injected into the liquid tank of the coating machine. The first and second composite layers prepared in step 2 are respectively installed on the unwinding machine. The first composite layer is moved and traction and coated with adhesive. After being dried in an oven, it is hot-pressed together with the second composite layer and then wound up to obtain the fire-resistant multilayer composite film of this utility model.

[0101] In steps 1-3, each time the adhesive solution is applied using a coating machine, the amount of adhesive solution applied is controlled by adjusting the distance between the doctor blade and the material layer. During application, the thickness of the adhesive solution is approximately 10-30 micrometers (all conventional application amounts in the art). After drying and moisture evaporation, the adhesive layer is approximately 4-12 micrometers thick. The amount of adhesive solution applied is a conventional parameter in the art, and the amount of commonly used adhesive for fire-retardant composite films is sufficient. In each embodiment or comparative example, when applying the adhesive solution multiple times, the same amount of adhesive is applied each time. The rightmost column of Table 2, representing the basis weight percentage of the adhesive, refers to the total basis weight percentage of each compound raw material in the final fire-retardant multilayer composite film product.

[0102] Table 1

[0103]

[0104] Table 2

[0105]

[0106]

[0107] *Note: The inorganic particle layer weight in Table 2 refers to the weight of the entire inorganic particle layer, consisting of the first inorganic particle layer and the second inorganic particle layer, per unit area of ​​the fireproof multilayer composite film product.

[0108] In the products of the embodiments and comparative examples, the polymer types of the first polymer film layer and the second polymer film layer of each product are the same, that is, the raw materials of the polymer film layers of the products are the same, and the mesh fabrics used in the first mesh fabric layer and the second mesh fabric layer are also the same. However, it should be understood that the above embodiments and comparative examples are not intended to limit the present invention. In some embodiments, the first polymer film and the second polymer film have different polymer types; similarly, the mesh fabrics of the first mesh fabric layer and the second mesh fabric layer may also have different specifications.

[0109] II. Fireproof membrane performance testing

[0110] The test methods or reference standards for the performance indicators of fire-resistant multilayer composite films are as follows:

[0111] Burn-through resistance test: The test shall be conducted in accordance with Part VII of Appendix F of the Airworthiness Standards for Transport Category Aircraft (CCAR25) formulated by the Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC). The requirements are: neither of the two specimens shall be burned through by fire or flame within 4 minutes; or, the heat flux of either specimen at a point 30.5 cm (12 inches) from the test fixture surface on the side insulated from the cold side shall not exceed 2.27 W / cm². 2 (2.0 British thermal units per foot² second).

[0112] Test method for heat sealability (peel strength): ISO 11339.

[0113] Test method for tear resistance: ISO 13937-2.

[0114] Water resistance test method: In one test, a sample of fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane was weighed and then completely immersed in water at 23°C for 72 hours. After this period, the sample was weighed again, and the water absorption rate was calculated.

[0115] Test method for burst strength: Federal Standard Test Method FED-STD-191METHOD 5122.

[0116] The test results are shown in Table 3:

[0117] Table 3

[0118]

[0119] As shown in Table 1-3, Comparative Example 1, due to its excessively large mesh size (5mm*5mm), exhibited uneven distribution of inorganic particles. Areas with thinner inorganic particles were prone to leaks at high temperatures, resulting in the fire-retardant multilayer composite film product failing to meet burn-through resistance standards. Specifically, the mesh edges are prominent points in the mesh structure, making it easier for particles to deposit and aggregate during solution flow or drying. Furthermore, the large mesh size provides more space for particle movement during coating, potentially leading to the formation of large agglomerates within the mesh, especially in the center or near the edges, all of which reduce the product's burn-through resistance.

[0120] Comparative Example 2 has an excessively small mesh size, resulting in a high basis weight for the fire-resistant multilayer composite film product, which does not meet the requirements for lightweight and is unsuitable for applications such as aircraft and trains where lightweight fire-resistant films are required. Comparative Example 3, on the other hand, suffers from a glass melting rate constant τ < 4 in its inorganic particle layer, causing the fire-resistant multilayer composite film product to fail to meet the burn-through resistance standard.

[0121] Comparative Example 4 differs in structure from the fireproof membrane structure of this invention. Comparative Example 4 lacks a mesh layer, and vermiculite is used as the inorganic particle. Even though the inorganic particles in Comparative Example 4 exhibit better temperature resistance (τ = 6.426), its burn-through resistance is still lower than that of Example 2, with a maximum heat flux of 2.21 W / cm². 2 Near failure (2.27W / cm) 2 Furthermore, the strength of Comparative Example 4 was also much lower than that of Example 2.

[0122] The fireproof membrane products of Examples 1-15 have excellent burn-through resistance, as well as excellent tear resistance, burst strength and lightweight properties.

[0123] Although several embodiments have been described and illustrated herein, those skilled in the art will readily contemplate a variety of other methods and / or structures for performing the functions described herein and / or obtaining the results and / or one or more advantages described herein, and each of such variations and / or modifications is considered to be within the scope of this invention. More generally, those skilled in the art will readily understand that all parameters, dimensions, materials, and configurations described herein are intended to be exemplary, and actual parameters, dimensions, materials, and / or configurations will depend on one or more specific applications using the teachings of this invention. Those skilled in the art will recognize, or can determine, many equivalents of the specific embodiments of this invention described herein using only conventional experimentation. Therefore, it should be understood that the foregoing embodiments are given by way of example only, and that this invention can be practiced in ways other than those specifically described and claimed within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane, characterized in that: The assembly comprises a first polymer film layer, a first mesh fabric layer, an inorganic particle layer, a second mesh fabric layer, and a second polymer film layer, which are sequentially laminated together. The first polymer film layer and the first mesh fabric layer, as well as the second polymer film layer and the second mesh fabric layer, are bonded together by an adhesive. The inorganic particle layer is laminated between the first mesh fabric layer and the second mesh fabric layer by an adhesive.

2. The fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic particle layer includes a first inorganic particle layer and a second inorganic particle layer; the first polymer film layer, the first mesh fabric layer, and the first inorganic particle layer are sequentially composited to form a first combined layer; the second polymer film layer, the second mesh fabric layer, and the second inorganic particle layer are sequentially composited to form a second combined layer; the first inorganic particle layer and the second inorganic particle layer are bonded together with an adhesive, and the first combined layer and the second combined layer are bonded together to form a fireproof multilayer composite film.

3. The fire-retardant multilayer composite membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inorganic particles used as raw materials for the inorganic particle layer are inorganic refractory materials with a particle size of 100~3000 mesh and an aspect ratio of 1~10. The glass melting rate constant τ of the inorganic particles is ≥4. The total thickness of the inorganic particle layer is 60~300 micrometers.

4. The fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inorganic particles used as raw materials for the inorganic particle layer are inorganic refractory materials with a particle size of 100~3000 mesh and an aspect ratio of 1~10. The glass melting rate constant τ of the inorganic particles is ≥4. The thickness of both the first inorganic particle layer and the second inorganic particle layer is 30~150 micrometers.

5. The fire-retardant multilayer composite membrane according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The inorganic particles used in the inorganic particle layer have a particle size of 200-1500 mesh.

6. The fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the first polymer film layer or the second polymer film layer is 6~10 μm; The fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane has a basis weight of 75~135g / m³. 2 The thickness is 0.2~0.46mm.

7. The fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The thickness of the first or second mesh fabric layer is 50~120 μm; the mass per unit area is 5~30 g / m². 2 The mesh size of the fabric is 6-18 mesh, and the tensile strength is 85-273 N / 50mm. The first and second mesh layers are arranged with their meshes interlaced and not completely overlapping.

8. The fire-resistant multilayer composite membrane according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first or second mesh fabric layer is a flat mesh fabric formed by weaving multiple strands of fiber yarn, and the fiber yarn material is organic fiber or inorganic fiber; the mesh size of the mesh fabric is 1~4 mm × 1~4 mm, and the mesh is rectangular, circular, elliptical or polygonal.

9. A fireproof and heat-insulating felt, characterized in that: It includes at least two fire-resistant multilayer composite films as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a core material layer is disposed between each pair of fire-resistant multilayer composite films, and the fire-resistant multilayer composite films and the core material layers are bonded together by an adhesive.

10. The fireproof and heat-insulating felt according to claim 9, characterized in that: The core material layer has a thickness of 10~75 mm; The fireproof and heat-insulating felt includes two, three, five, or seven fireproof multilayer composite films, with a core material layer between each pair of fireproof multilayer composite films.

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