Efficient and safe shaft excavation and transportation device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of vertical shaft excavation efficient safe transport equipment, including outer protective frame, mobile platform, portal crane and operating platform;The outer protective frame is installed around vertical shaft, for the space where vertical shaft is enclosed, play the role of protection;The mobile platform is set to vertical shaft side, the mobile platform has at least two stations, one station is located directly above vertical shaft, another station is located away from vertical shaft position;The portal crane is installed on the outer protective frame, for lifting the operating platform;The lifting highest point of the operating platform is higher than the height of mobile platform, the operating platform can also be placed on the mobile platform and transferred to the station away from vertical shaft by mobile platform.This equipment can improve transport efficiency and ensure transport safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydropower station shaft construction technology, specifically, to a high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for shaft excavation. Background Technology

[0002] Generally speaking, shafts with a diameter D < 5m are small-diameter shafts, shafts with a diameter D ≤ 7m are medium-diameter shafts, and shafts with a diameter D > 7m are large-diameter shafts.

[0003] Vertical shafts, serving as passageways for personnel and materials and for ventilation, are widely used in the coal, mining, and transportation sectors. Due to the limited number of domestic and international examples of hydropower station shaft repair, there are few engineering cases worth learning from. Summarizing past experience in shaft construction from industries such as coal, metallurgy, and highways, and considering the characteristics of hydropower station shafts, current shaft construction methods are mainly divided into two types based on construction technology: the forward shaft method and the reverse shaft method. The forward shaft method includes the full-face method and the pilot tunnel enlargement method, while the reverse shaft method primarily involves using a reverse drilling rig to drill a pilot hole from top to bottom. Once at the bottom, a reaming drill bit is used to enlarge the hole from bottom to top, forming a pilot shaft of a certain diameter. This pilot shaft is then used as a slag removal shaft, and the shaft is enlarged from top to bottom to complete the main shaft. Compared to the pilot tunnel enlargement method, this method reduces pilot shaft excavation blasting and smoke extraction, slag removal procedures, and improves construction progress. With the development of reverse drilling technology and the continuous expansion of its application, deep well reverse drilling projects are becoming increasingly common, replacing traditional manual methods and hoisting methods.

[0004] The project undertaken by the applicant involves three shaft excavation and support works: the excavation and support construction of shafts 5-8 (shaft depth 135m, shaft diameter 7.6m), the excavation and support construction of the ecological flow tunnel (shaft depth 45m, shaft diameter 6.6m), and the excavation and support construction of the ventilation smoke shaft (shaft depth 95m, shaft diameter 3.0m). The work involves multiple underground working faces with limited space, and a large number of personnel and equipment will be required on-site after construction begins. Therefore, improving construction efficiency, optimizing construction procedures, and ensuring the safety of on-site personnel and equipment are particularly important. The main areas for improvement in the current shaft excavation work are: (1) When working in a confined space, the efficiency of excavating and removing slag from a vertical shaft is relatively low; (2) When personnel, materials, equipment, slag, waste and other items enter and exit the shaft, hoisting measures are used. The personnel and various objects involved may fall or drop from above the shaft, which poses a significant safety hazard. Improving the safety of shaft construction is a key consideration for various shaft excavation projects.

[0005] For the reasons mentioned above, in shaft engineering projects with large workloads, numerous materials and personnel, how to efficiently and safely implement transportation facilities is an urgent technical problem to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for vertical shaft excavation that can improve transportation efficiency and ensure transportation safety.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is: a high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for vertical shaft excavation, including an outer protective frame, a mobile platform, a gantry crane, and an operating platform; The outer protective frame is installed around the shaft to enclose the space where the shaft is located and to provide protection. The mobile platform is located next to the shaft and has at least two workstations, one of which is located directly above the shaft and the other workstation is located away from the shaft. The gantry crane is installed on the outer protective frame and is used to lift the operating platform; The highest lifting point of the operating platform is higher than the height of the mobile platform. The operating platform can also be placed on the mobile platform and transferred by the mobile platform to a work position away from the shaft.

[0008] Preferably, the mobile platform is a mobile platform with two fixed tracks.

[0009] Preferably, the track foundations for the two fixed tracks of the mobile platform are concrete foundations.

[0010] Preferably, the motion components of the mobile platform include a metal frame and a planar platform, the metal frame moves along two fixed tracks, and the platform platform is mounted on the metal frame.

[0011] Preferably, the operating platform includes two standing positions for personnel and a storage bin, with the storage bin located between the two standing positions, and each standing position is equipped with a protective barrier.

[0012] Preferably, the outer protective frame includes a three-dimensional frame with three sides enclosed and one side open, and protective fences are provided at the three enclosed sides.

[0013] Preferably, the outer protective frame is a three-dimensional frame constructed of reinforced concrete columns and beams.

[0014] Preferably, the gantry crane is installed on the crossbeam of the outer protective frame.

[0015] Preferably, the gantry crane and the operating platform are detachably connected by hooks and cables.

[0016] Preferably, the mobile platform is driven by a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder to perform linear motion.

[0017] This utility model has substantial features and advancements compared to existing technologies. Specifically, it installs a mobile platform with a fixed track at the shaft opening above the shaft, allowing personnel, materials, equipment, excavated soil, and operating platforms to enter and exit the shaft via this mobile platform. Because the platform uses a fixed sliding track, it ensures the proceduralization of construction organization, increasing the mechanization level of the construction work while reducing manual labor. Simultaneously, the reinforced concrete columns and frame erected around the platform effectively isolate unrelated personnel and objects from entering the construction area during construction, preventing safety hazards such as falls or impacts. It also avoids safety risks such as being hit by hoisting equipment, being struck by hoisted objects, or being struck by objects accidentally falling from above the shaft opening.

[0018] Compared to the traditional construction organization procedures for shaft excavation and support, using this sliding platform to assist personnel and equipment in and out of the shaft has the following advantages: (1) The construction organization procedure is more reasonable and more systematic, the on-site personnel and equipment scheduling will be more standardized, the construction organization efficiency will be improved, the construction procedure will be optimized, and the on-site management and scheduling level will be improved.

[0019] (2) The establishment of the sliding platform frame ensures that unrelated personnel, equipment or other objects cannot enter the area above the shaft construction area during the construction process inside the shaft, thus ensuring the safety of the construction inside the shaft and avoiding the danger of personnel and objects falling or dropping from above the shaft. During the construction waiting phase, such as shift changes, the sliding platform is located above the shaft, avoiding the risk of personnel or objects accidentally falling through the shaft.

[0020] (3) Due to the large depth of the vertical shaft in this project, a sliding platform was used to transport personnel and equipment in and out of the vertical shaft, which improved the safety of the construction organization and reduced the safety pressure of hoisting operations. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of a high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for vertical shaft excavation in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of a high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for vertical shaft excavation in this utility model.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Outer frame; 2. Mobile platform; 3. Operating platform; 4. Shaft; 21. Fixed track; 22. Track foundation; 23. Metal frame; 24. Planar platform; 25. Stop. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for shaft excavation includes an outer protective frame 1, a mobile platform 2, a gantry crane (not shown), and an operating platform 3.

[0026] The outer protective frame 1 is installed around the vertical shaft 4 to enclose the space where the vertical shaft 4 is located and to provide protection. In this embodiment, the outer protective frame 1 includes a three-dimensional frame with three sides enclosed and one side open. Protective fences are set at the three enclosed sides. The outer protective frame 1 is a three-dimensional frame constructed of reinforced concrete columns and beams. The gantry crane is installed on the beam of the outer protective frame.

[0027] The mobile platform 2 is located next to the shaft 4. The mobile platform 2 has at least two workstations, one of which is located directly above the shaft 4 and the other is located away from the shaft 4.

[0028] In this embodiment, the mobile platform 2 is a mobile platform with two fixed tracks 21, and the track foundation 22 of the two fixed tracks 21 is a concrete foundation.

[0029] The moving components of the mobile platform 2 include a metal frame 23 and a flat platform 24. The metal frame 23 moves along two fixed tracks 21, and the platform 24 is mounted on the metal frame 23. The mobile platform is driven by a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder to make linear motion. To ensure safety, a stop 25 is provided at the far end of the fixed track 21 for limiting movement.

[0030] The gantry crane is installed on the crossbeam of the outer protective frame and is used to lift the operating platform 3.

[0031] The highest lifting point of the operating platform 3 is higher than the height of the mobile platform 2. The operating platform 3 can also be placed on the mobile platform and transferred by the mobile platform to a work position away from the shaft.

[0032] In this embodiment, the operating platform 3 includes two standing positions for personnel and a storage compartment 31. The storage compartment 31 is located between the two standing positions for personnel, and each standing position for personnel is equipped with a protective barrier.

[0033] The gantry crane and the operating platform are detachably connected via hooks and cables.

[0034] Work process description: When entering the shaft, construction personnel and equipment enter the operating platform 3, which is located on the mobile platform 2 and waits. The mobile platform 2 is located in a safe area outside the shaft. Then, the mobile platform 2 moves along the fixed track 21 to the top of the shaft 4 and is lifted by the fixed gantry crane above. After the mobile platform returns along the track, the operating platform 3 is then lifted into the shaft.

[0035] During hoisting, the operating platform 3, carrying personnel, equipment, and excavated soil, is lifted above the height of the mobile platform. After the mobile platform reaches directly above the shaft along the fixed track, the operating platform is then hoisted onto the mobile platform and transported out via the fixed track. This operation ensures construction safety and provides more working space. During the non-construction phase, the sliding plate remains directly above the shaft to prevent items or personnel from falling into the shaft.

[0036] The excavation and support work for the vertical shaft of this project will be fully carried out in the second half of 2025. Currently, the final excavation of silt material is underway in the upper and lower horizontal tunnel sections of the No. 5-8 water diversion tunnels. The relevant preparations for the excavation of the pressure shaft are basically complete.

[0037] The plan is to first establish a working platform for the lift-drilling rig. After the lift-drilling rig completes the bottom-up enlargement of the hole, the sliding platform shown in the above design drawing will be installed to carry out vertical shaft excavation and support work.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that: the preferred embodiments of this patent have been described in detail above, but this patent is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this patent.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for vertical shaft excavation, characterized in that: Includes the outer frame, mobile platform, gantry crane, and operating platform; The outer protective frame is installed around the shaft to enclose the space where the shaft is located and to provide protection. The mobile platform is located next to the shaft and has at least two workstations, one of which is located directly above the shaft and the other workstation is located away from the shaft. The gantry crane is installed on the outer protective frame and is used to lift the operating platform; The highest lifting point of the operating platform is higher than the height of the mobile platform. The operating platform can also be placed on the mobile platform and transferred by the mobile platform to a work position away from the shaft.

2. The high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for vertical shaft excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile platform is a mobile platform with two fixed tracks.

3. The high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for vertical shaft excavation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The track foundations for the two fixed tracks of the mobile platform are concrete foundations.

4. The high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for vertical shaft excavation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The moving components of the mobile platform include a metal frame and a planar platform. The metal frame moves along two fixed tracks, and the platform platform is mounted on the metal frame.

5. The high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for shaft excavation according to claim 4, characterized in that: The operating platform includes two standing positions for personnel and a storage compartment, with the storage compartment located between the two standing positions. Each standing position is equipped with a protective barrier.

6. The high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for shaft excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer protective frame consists of a three-dimensional frame with three sides enclosed and one side open, and protective fences are installed at the three enclosed sides.

7. The high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for shaft excavation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer protective frame is a three-dimensional frame constructed of reinforced concrete columns and beams.

8. The high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for vertical shaft excavation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gantry crane is installed on the crossbeam of the outer protective frame.

9. The high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for shaft excavation according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gantry crane and the operating platform are detachably connected via hooks and cables.

10. The high-efficiency and safe transportation equipment for vertical shaft excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mobile platform is driven by a hydraulic cylinder or an electric cylinder to perform linear motion.

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