Nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip and nucleic acid detection device

Abstract

The application provides a nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip and a nucleic acid detection device. The nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip comprises a main chip, an amplification chip, a valve assembly and a driving assembly. The main chip has a sample storage area. The amplification chip is arranged on the main chip and has an amplification area. The amplification area is connected to the sample storage area. The valve assembly is arranged on the main chip and is configured to control the conduction and isolation between the sample storage area and the amplification area. The driving assembly is arranged on the main chip and can open and close the sample storage area. The driving assembly is configured to drive the flow of a to-be-tested liquid in the sample storage area to the amplification area by air pressure. The nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip can drive the flow of the to-be-tested liquid from the sample storage area to the amplification area by the driving assembly, without using pipette consumables to transfer the to-be-tested liquid. The nucleic acid detection process is simplified, the convenience of nucleic acid detection is improved, and the cost of consumables and instruments can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of nucleic acid detection technology, and in particular to a nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip and a nucleic acid detection device. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, manual sample transfer is usually required at the beginning of the detection process. For example, a portion of the sample is transferred from the sample preservation tube and added to the sample chamber of the chip consumable before the detection process is started. This increases the manual sample transfer steps and the cost of sample transfer consumables. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above problems, this application provides a nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip, which can drive the test solution from the sample preservation area to the amplification area through a driving component, eliminating the need to use pipetting consumables to transfer the test solution, simplifying the nucleic acid detection steps, improving the convenience of nucleic acid detection, and reducing the cost of consumables and instruments.

[0004] In a first aspect, according to an embodiment of the present application, a nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip includes a main chip, an amplification chip, a valve assembly, and a drive assembly. The main chip has a sample preservation area; the amplification chip is disposed on the main chip and has an amplification area connected to the sample preservation area; the valve assembly is disposed on the main chip and configured to control the connection and disconnection between the sample preservation area and the amplification area; the drive assembly is disposed on the main chip and can open and close the sample preservation area, and the drive assembly is configured to drive the test liquid in the sample preservation area to flow to the amplification area by air pressure.

[0005] According to the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip of this application embodiment, the test liquid can be driven from the sample preservation area to the amplification area through the driving component. The sample preservation, nucleic acid lysis, amplification and detection are all carried out in the same consumable. That is, within the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip, there is no need to use additional pipetting consumables to transfer the test liquid, which simplifies the nucleic acid detection steps, improves the convenience of nucleic acid detection, and can reduce the cost of consumables and instruments.

[0006] In some embodiments, the upper part of the sample preservation area has an opening, the driving component is disposed at the opening, and the amplification area communicates with the lower part of the sample preservation area.

[0007] In the above embodiments, the driving component can easily drive the test liquid from the sample preservation area to the amplification area, thereby improving the detection efficiency.

[0008] In some embodiments, the driving assembly includes a fixing member and a driving member, the fixing member being detachably connected to the main chip, and the driving member being connected to the fixing member and movable relative to the fixing member toward the sample storage area.

[0009] In the above embodiments, the driving component moves relative to the fixing component toward the sample preservation area, and the test liquid is driven by air pressure to flow to the amplification area, thereby improving the convenience of nucleic acid testing.

[0010] In some embodiments, the drive element is configured as a flexible structure that protrudes away from the sample storage area.

[0011] In the above embodiments, when pneumatic actuation is required, a technician can press the driving component, causing the protruding component to buckle and become unstable. The driving component changes from a protruding state facing away from the sample preservation area to a protruding state facing the sample preservation area, thereby compressing the air in the sample preservation area and driving the test liquid to flow to the amplification area. Furthermore, the pressing of the driving component is irreversible, thus preventing backflow of internal liquid. This simple device eliminates the need for an external pump, simplifying the use of consumables and the structure of the matching equipment.

[0012] In some embodiments, the fixing member is constructed as a sleeve structure, the driving member is constructed as a piston structure, and the driving member cooperates with the fixing member to perform piston movement.

[0013] In the above embodiments, when pneumatic actuation is required, technicians can press the driving component to move it relative to the fixed component toward the sample preservation area as a piston, thereby compressing the air in the sample preservation area and driving the test liquid to flow toward the amplification area.

[0014] In some embodiments, one of the outer peripheral surface of the drive member and the inner peripheral surface of the fixing member is provided with a first recess, and the other is provided with a first protrusion, wherein the first protrusion is detachably embedded in the first recess.

[0015] In the above embodiments, when no driver is required, accidental operation of the driver component can be avoided.

[0016] In some embodiments, the valve assembly includes a first phase change valve and a press valve, the first phase change valve and the press valve being arranged along the flow direction from the sample preservation area to the amplification area, the first phase change valve being configured to switch from a first closed state to a first open state at a temperature not lower than a first preset temperature, and the press valve being configured to switch from a second open state to a second closed state by means of a press drive.

[0017] In the above embodiments, the combination of the first phase change valve and the pressing valve can realize the connection and isolation between the sample preservation area and the amplification area, and can further press the pressure to be tested into the amplification area to improve the detection efficiency.

[0018] In some embodiments, the valve assembly further includes a second phase change valve and a Tesla valve, the second phase change valve and the Tesla valve being arranged along the flow direction from the sample preservation area to the amplification area, the second phase change valve being configured to switch from a third closed state to a third open state at a temperature not lower than a second preset temperature, and the Tesla valve being configured to control unidirectional flow from the sample preservation area to the amplification area.

[0019] In the above embodiments, the combination of the second phase change valve and the Tesla valve can realize the connection and isolation between the sample preservation area and the amplification area, and the unidirectional connection avoids the backflow of the test liquid in the amplification area from affecting the reaction, thereby improving the detection efficiency.

[0020] In some embodiments, the main chip further includes a filter groove that connects the sample preservation area and the amplification area and is located upstream of the valve assembly, and the filter groove contains a filter element.

[0021] In the above embodiments, during the process of the test liquid flowing from the sample preservation area to the valve assembly, it can flow through the filter tank, and under the action of the filter element, the impurities in the sample are filtered out, so as to avoid the impurities clogging the flow channels in the main chip and to avoid the impurities affecting subsequent amplification and detection.

[0022] In some embodiments, the main chip further has a first flow channel and a second flow channel, the first flow channel connecting the sample preservation area and the valve assembly, and the second flow channel connecting the valve assembly and the amplification area.

[0023] In the above embodiments, the main chip has multiple flow channels, including a first flow channel and a second flow channel. That is, the first flow channel and the second flow channel are integrated on the main chip, which can improve the integration of the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip, reduce the volume, and facilitate transportation and promotion.

[0024] In some embodiments, the main chip further has an end groove, a through hole communicating with the atmosphere is provided in the end groove, a self-sealing filter element is provided in the end groove, and a waterproof and breathable membrane is provided between the self-sealing filter element and the through hole.

[0025] In the above embodiments, it can be ensured that the test solution flows smoothly into the amplification area without being lost during the reaction process.

[0026] In some embodiments, the main chip includes a tube portion and a sheet portion, the sample storage area is disposed in the tube portion, and the tube portion, the valve assembly and the amplification chip are arranged along the width direction of the sheet portion.

[0027] In the above embodiments, the arrangement of the tube body, valve assembly, and amplification chip can shorten the length of the flow channel, reduce manufacturing difficulty, and make the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip structure compact. The sheet-like portion can provide mounting support for the tube body, valve assembly, and amplification chip.

[0028] In a second aspect, the nucleic acid detection device according to the embodiments of this application includes the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip in the above embodiments.

[0029] In some embodiments, the nucleic acid detection device further includes a first temperature control module, a second temperature control module, and a fluorescence module, wherein the first temperature control module is disposed on the valve assembly, the second temperature control module is disposed on the amplification chip, and the fluorescence module is disposed on the amplification chip.

[0030] In the above embodiments, the first temperature control module is located on the aforementioned phase change valve and is used to switch the phase change valve from a closed state to an open state; the second temperature control module is located on the amplification chip and is used for nucleic acid amplification; the fluorescence module is located on the amplification chip and is used to monitor the accumulation of amplification products in real time.

[0031] Other features and advantages disclosed in this application will be set forth in the following description, or some features and advantages may be inferred from the description or determined without doubt, or may be learned by practicing the above-described technology disclosed in this application.

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip in some embodiments of this application.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a front view of a nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip in some embodiments of this application.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a back view of a nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip in some embodiments of this application.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the driving component in some embodiments of this application (showing the unpressed state and the pressed state).

[0037] Figure 5These are exploded views of the amplification chip in some embodiments of this application.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a rear view of the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip in some other embodiments of this application.

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the driving component in some other embodiments of this application.

[0040] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the driving component in some other embodiments of this application.

[0041] The reference numerals in the detailed embodiments are as follows: The microfluidic chip 100 for nucleic acid detection comprises a main chip 10, a tube body 11, an opening 111, a sheet-like part 12, a filter groove 13, an end groove 14, a through hole 15, an amplification chip 20, an amplification area 21, a first sealing film 22, a first double-sided adhesive layer 23, a reaction layer 24, a second double-sided adhesive layer 25, a second sealing film 26, a third double-sided adhesive layer 27, a valve assembly 30, a first phase change valve 31, a press valve 32, a second phase change valve 33, a Tesla valve 34, a drive assembly 40, a fixing member 41, a first protrusion 411, a drive member 42, a first recess 421, and a width direction AA. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0043] In related technologies, manual sample transfer is usually required at the beginning of the detection process. For example, a portion of the sample is transferred from the sample preservation tube and added to the sample chamber of the chip consumable before the detection process is started. This increases the manual sample transfer steps and the cost of sample transfer consumables.

[0044] Therefore, this application provides a nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip 100, which can drive the test solution from the sample preservation area to the amplification area 21 through the driving component 40, eliminating the need to use pipetting consumables to transfer the test solution, simplifying the nucleic acid detection steps, improving the convenience of nucleic acid detection, and reducing the cost of consumables and instruments.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 8 According to the embodiments of this application, the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip 100 includes a main chip 10, an amplification chip 20, a valve assembly 30, and a drive assembly 40.

[0046] The main chip 10 has a sample preservation area; the amplification chip 20 is located on the main chip 10 and has an amplification area 21 connected to the sample preservation area; the valve assembly 30 is located on the main chip 10 and is configured to control the connection and disconnection between the sample preservation area and the amplification area 21; the drive assembly 40 is located on the main chip 10 and can open and close the sample preservation area, and the drive assembly 40 is configured to drive the test liquid in the sample preservation area to flow to the amplification area 21 by air pressure. In this way, the nucleic acid detection steps can be simplified, the convenience of nucleic acid detection can be improved, and the cost of consumables and instruments can be reduced.

[0047] The detection principle of the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip 100: After sampling, the sample preservation area is opened via the drive component 40, and the nucleic acid swab is placed inside. At this time, the valve component 30 controls the separation between the sample preservation area and the amplification area 21. The sample preservation area is pre-filled with a lysis buffer that has a certain lysis effect, enabling nucleic acid extraction without extraction. Alternatively, the sample preservation area can be heated or sonicated to further release the nucleic acid from the swab. After the nucleic acid is released, the valve component 30 can connect the sample preservation area and the amplification area 21. Technicians can then use the drive component 40 to compress the air within the sample preservation area, allowing... The test solution in the sample preservation area flows to the amplification area 21. Then, the valve assembly 30 can separate the amplification area 21 from the sample preservation area again, so that the amplification area 21 forms an independent chamber. The nucleic acid is amplified by heating the amplification area 21 at a specific temperature, such as the temperature rise and fall of qPCR (the precise thermal cycling technique performed by the real-time quantitative PCR instrument during amplification), or isothermal amplification such as LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) and RPA (recombinase polymerase amplification). Finally, the reaction signal is detected to complete the nucleic acid detection.

[0048] It is understood that, according to the embodiments of this application, the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip 100 can drive the test liquid from the sample preservation area to the amplification area 21 through the driving component 40. The sample preservation, nucleic acid lysis, amplification and detection are all carried out in the same consumable. That is, within the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip 100, there is no need to use additional pipetting consumables to transfer the test liquid, which simplifies the nucleic acid detection steps, improves the convenience of nucleic acid detection, and can reduce the cost of consumables and instruments.

[0049] In some specific examples, the main chip 10 is formed by a single injection molding process. It has flow channels and through holes 15 connecting the various regions. In other specific examples, the amplification chip 20 is formed from a thin film and bonded in multiple layers by a double-sided adhesive process. The thin film material can be PP (Polypropylene), PE (Polyethylene), COC (Cyclic Olefin Copolymer), etc. The amplification chip 20 includes a reaction layer 24, a first sealing film 22, and a second sealing film 26. The reaction layer 24 has a reaction chamber. The first sealing film 22 is bonded to the reaction layer 24 by a first double-sided adhesive layer 23. The second sealing film 26 is bonded to the reaction layer 24 by a second double-sided adhesive layer 25 and to the main chip 10 by a third double-sided adhesive layer 27.

[0050] like Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, the upper part of the sample preservation area has an opening 111, the driving component 40 is disposed in the opening 111, and the amplification area 21 is connected to the lower part of the sample preservation area; in this way, the driving component 40 can drive the test liquid to flow from the sample preservation area to the amplification area 21, thereby improving the detection efficiency.

[0051] For example, a lysis buffer is pre-installed in the sample preservation area. Nucleic acid swabs are placed in the sample preservation area and immersed in the lysis buffer to achieve nucleic acid extraction and form a test solution. Under the action of gravity, the test solution is located at the lower part of the sample preservation area. The driving component 40 is driven by air pressure. Therefore, an opening 111 can be provided at the upper part of the sample preservation area to facilitate the placement of the nucleic acid swabs. The driving component 40 can be located at the opening 111, that is, the driving component 40 is located above the sample preservation area. When driven by the driving component 40, the driving component 40 can drive the air in the upper part of the sample preservation area by air pressure, so that the test solution can flow more smoothly from the sample preservation area to the amplification area 21, thereby improving the detection efficiency.

[0052] Of course, in other embodiments, the opening 111 may also be located in the middle of the sample preservation area, with the driving component 40 disposed at the opening 111, and the amplification area 21 connected to the lower part of the sample preservation area; in this way, it is also convenient for the driving component 40 to drive the test liquid from the sample preservation area to the amplification area 21, thereby improving the detection efficiency. The specific principle is the same as in the aforementioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0053] It should be explained that the upper part of the sample preservation area has an opening 111, which can be understood as the opening position of the opening 111 being closer to the upper side of the sample preservation area than the lower side of the sample preservation area; the middle part of the sample preservation area has an opening 111, which can be understood as the distance from the opening position of the opening 111 to the upper side of the sample preservation area being similar to the distance to the lower side of the sample preservation area.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 4 , Figures 6 to 8 In some embodiments of this application, the driving component 40 includes a fixing member 41 and a driving member 42. The fixing member 41 is detachably connected to the main chip 10, and the driving member 42 is connected to the fixing member 41 and is movable relative to the fixing member 41 toward the sample preservation area. With this configuration, the driving member 42 is movable relative to the fixing member 41 toward the sample preservation area, and the test liquid is driven by air pressure to flow to the amplification area 21, thereby improving the convenience of nucleic acid detection.

[0055] For example, the periphery of the opening 111 of the sample preservation area is threadedly connected to the fixing member 41. The fixing member 41 is detachably connected to the main chip 10 by rotation to open and close the opening 111 of the sample preservation area, so as to facilitate the placement of the nucleic acid swab into the sample preservation area. When the fixing member 41 is installed on the main chip 10, the driving member 42 can move relative to the fixing member 41 toward the sample preservation area to compress the air in the sample preservation area, thereby driving the test liquid to flow to the amplification area 21.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 In some embodiments of this application, the drive member 42 is constructed as a flexible structure that protrudes away from the sample preservation area. It is understood that when pneumatic actuation is required, a technician can press the drive member 42, causing the protruding drive member 42 to buckle and become unstable. The drive member 42 changes from a protruding state away from the sample preservation area to a protruding state facing the sample preservation area, thereby compressing the air within the sample preservation area and driving the test liquid to flow towards the amplification area 21. Furthermore, the press on the drive member 42 is irreversible, thus preventing backflow of internal liquid. This simple device eliminates the need for an external pump, simplifying the use of consumables and the structure of the matching equipment.

[0057] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 In some embodiments of this application, the fixing member 41 is constructed as a sleeve structure, and the driving member 42 is constructed as a piston structure. The driving member 42 cooperates with the fixing member 41 to perform piston movement. It is understood that when pneumatic drive is required, the technician can press the driving member 42 to make the driving member 42 move relative to the fixing member 41 toward the sample preservation area, so as to compress the air in the sample preservation area, thereby driving the test liquid to flow to the amplification area 21.

[0058] like Figure 8 In some embodiments of this application, one of the outer peripheral surface of the driving member 42 and the inner peripheral surface of the fixing member 41 is provided with a first recess 421 and the other is provided with a first protrusion 411. The first protrusion 411 can be detachably embedded in the first recess 421. In this way, when driving is not required, accidental operation of the driving component 40 can be avoided.

[0059] Taking the example of a first recess 421 on the outer peripheral surface of the driving component 42 and a first protrusion 411 on the inner peripheral surface of the fixing component 41, the following explanation is provided: Exemplarily, the driving component 42 has an initial position and a working position; after the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip 100 is manufactured, the driving component 42 is always in the initial position. When driving is required, the technician can press the driving component 42, so that the driving component 42 and the fixing component 41 cooperate to make piston movement, that is, the driving component 42 moves from the initial position to the working position, so that the test liquid flows to the amplification area 21; in order to avoid the driving component 40 being misoperated, a first recess 421 can be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the driving component 42 and a first protrusion 411 can be provided on the inner peripheral surface of the fixing component 41. The first protrusion 411 can be embedded in the first recess 421, so that the relative position between the driving component 42 and the fixing component 41 remains unchanged. When driving is required, the technician can apply pressure to make the first protrusion 411 disengage from the first recess 421 to achieve pneumatic driving.

[0060] like Figure 3 In some embodiments of this application, the valve assembly 30 includes a first phase change valve 31 and a push valve 32. The first phase change valve 31 and the press valve 32 are arranged along the flow direction from the sample preservation area to the amplification area 21. It can be understood that the first phase change valve 31 is connected to the sample preservation area, and the press valve 32 is connected to the first phase change valve 31 and the amplification area 21. The test liquid can flow through the sample preservation area, the first phase change valve 31, the press valve 32 and the amplification area 21 in sequence.

[0061] The first phase change valve 31 is configured to switch from a first closed state to a first open state at a temperature not lower than a first preset temperature; the press valve 32 is configured to switch from a second open state to a second closed state by pressing. When not driven, the first phase change valve 31 is in the first closed state and the press valve 32 is in the second open state. At this time, under the action of the first phase change valve 31, the sample preservation area and the amplification area 21 are separated, allowing the sample to be stably lysed in the sample preservation area. After the sample is released, the temperature of the first phase change valve 31 is kept at a temperature not lower than the first preset temperature by heating. At this time, the first phase change valve 31 switches to the first open state, and under the action of the drive component 40, the test liquid flows to the amplification area 21. Then, the press valve 32 can be switched to the second closed state to further compress the air, allowing the test liquid to flow completely to the amplification area 21 and separating the sample preservation area and the amplification area 21. At this time, the test liquid reacts with the reaction reagent in the amplification area 21, thereby realizing the detection of nucleic acid.

[0062] In short, the combination of the first phase change valve 31 and the press valve 32 can realize the connection and isolation between the sample preservation area and the amplification area 21, and can further press the pressure to be tested into the amplification area 21 to improve the detection efficiency.

[0063] It should be explained that the press valve 32 includes a valve groove with a support protrusion of a tiny structure inside the groove. A silicone membrane is also provided inside the groove, with the diameter of the silicone membrane being slightly smaller than the diameter of the press groove. When no external force is applied, the valve protrusion and the inner edge of the groove form a pore, and the sample preservation area and the amplification area 21 are connected through the through hole 15 in the press valve 32, so that the press valve 32 is in the second open state. When pressure is applied perpendicular to the silicone membrane, due to the deformable properties of silicone, the silicone membrane deforms and blocks the through hole 15, cutting off the sample preservation area and the amplification area 21, and the press valve 32 is in the second closed state.

[0064] like Figure 6 In some embodiments of this application, the valve assembly 30 further includes a second phase change valve 33 and a Tesla valve 34.

[0065] The second phase change valve 33 and the Tesla valve 34 are arranged along the flow direction from the sample preservation area to the amplification area 21. It can be understood that the second phase change valve 33 is connected to the sample preservation area, and the Tesla valve 34 is connected to the second phase change valve 33 and the amplification area 21. The test liquid can flow through the sample preservation area, the second phase change valve 33, the Tesla valve 34 and the amplification area 21 in sequence.

[0066] The second phase change valve 33 is configured to switch from a third closed state to a third open state when the temperature is not lower than the second preset temperature. The Tesla valve 34 is configured to control the unidirectional flow from the sample preservation area to the amplification area 21. When not driven, the second phase change valve 33 is in the third closed state. At this time, under the action of the second phase change valve 33, the sample preservation area and the amplification area 21 are separated, so that the sample can be stably lysed in the sample preservation area. After the sample is released, the temperature of the second phase change valve 33 is kept at or above the second preset temperature by heating. At this time, the second phase change valve 33 switches to the third open state. Under the action of the driving component 40, the test solution flows to the amplification area 21. Under the action of the Tesla valve 34, the test solution flows unidirectionally, so that the test solution flows completely to the amplification area 21. At this time, the test solution reacts with the reaction reagent in the detection area of ​​the amplification area 21, thereby realizing the detection of nucleic acid.

[0067] In short, the combination of the second phase change valve 33 and the Tesla valve 34 can realize the connection and isolation between the sample preservation area and the amplification area 21, and the unidirectional connection avoids the backflow of the test liquid in the amplification area 21 from affecting the reaction, thereby improving the detection efficiency.

[0068] Furthermore, the Tesla valve 34 used in this embodiment has a simple structure and no moving parts, which can reduce the cost of consumables.

[0069] It should be understood that the aforementioned first phase change valve 31 and second phase change valve 33 are equipped with a phase change material, such as paraffin wax. By raising the temperature, the paraffin wax is converted from a solid state to a phase change material, thereby causing the first phase change valve 31 to switch from a first closed state to a first open state, and the second phase change valve 33 to switch from a third closed state to a third open state.

[0070] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 In some embodiments of this application, the main chip 10 also has a filter tank 13, which is connected between the sample preservation area and the amplification area 21 and is located upstream of the valve assembly 30. The filter tank 13 is provided with a filter element. It can be understood that during the process of the test liquid flowing from the sample preservation area to the valve assembly 30, it can flow through the filter tank 13 and, under the action of the filter element, filter out the impurities in the sample, so as to avoid the impurities clogging the flow channels in the main chip 10 and to avoid the impurities affecting the subsequent amplification and detection.

[0071] In some embodiments of this application, the main chip 10 also has a first flow channel and a second flow channel. The first flow channel connects the sample preservation area and the valve assembly 30, and the second flow channel connects the valve assembly 30 and the amplification area 21. It can be understood that the main chip 10 has multiple flow channels, including the first flow channel and the second flow channel. That is, the first flow channel and the second flow channel are integrated on the main chip 10, which can improve the integration of the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip 100, reduce the volume, and facilitate transportation and promotion.

[0072] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6 In some embodiments of this application, the main chip 10 also has an end groove 14, a through hole 15 communicating with the atmosphere is opened in the end groove 14, a self-sealing filter element is provided in the end groove 14, and a waterproof and breathable membrane is provided between the self-sealing filter element and the through hole 15; this setting can ensure that the test liquid flows smoothly into the amplification area 21, and will not be lost during the reaction process.

[0073] For example, during the flow of the test solution from the sample preservation area to the amplification area 21, the gas in the amplification area 21 can be discharged through the self-sealing filter and the waterproof and breathable membrane. When the test solution comes into contact with the self-sealing filter, the self-sealing filter will seal its own pores, thus isolating the end slot 14 from the external atmosphere and ensuring that the reaction in the amplification area 21 can proceed stably. When the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip 100 is not in use, in order to prevent external water from contacting the self-sealing filter and causing it to seal its own pores, a waterproof and breathable membrane can be provided between the self-sealing filter and the through hole 15. This membrane allows airflow to pass through but does not allow water from the external environment to contact the self-sealing filter, thus avoiding affecting the normal use of the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip 100. This allows the test solution to flow smoothly into the amplification area 21 without being lost during the reaction process.

[0074] like Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 6 In some embodiments of this application, the main chip 10 includes a tube portion 11 and a sheet portion 12. The sample preservation area is located in the tube portion 11. It is understood that the tube portion 11 facilitates the insertion of nucleic acid swabs, and its function is equivalent to an independent preservation liquid tube. The tube portion 11, the valve assembly 30, and the amplification chip 20 are arranged along the width direction of the sheet portion 12. In use, the test solution flows sequentially through the tube portion 11, the valve assembly 30, and the amplification chip 20. Therefore, the arrangement of the tube portion 11, the valve assembly 30, and the amplification chip 20 can shorten the length of the flow channel, reduce the manufacturing difficulty, and make the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip 100 structurally compact. The sheet portion 12 can provide mounting support for the tube portion 11, the valve assembly 30, and the amplification chip 20.

[0075] According to the embodiments of this application, the nucleic acid detection device includes the nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip 100 in the above embodiments; by applying the aforementioned nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip 100, the nucleic acid detection steps can be simplified, the convenience of nucleic acid detection can be improved, and the cost of consumables and instruments can be reduced.

[0076] Furthermore, the nucleic acid detection device also includes a first temperature control module, a second temperature control module, and a fluorescence module. The first temperature control module is located on the aforementioned phase change valve and is used to switch the phase change valve from a closed state to an open state. The second temperature control module is located on the amplification chip 20 and is used for nucleic acid amplification. The fluorescence module is located on the amplification chip 20 and is used to monitor the accumulation of amplification products in real time.

[0077] In this application, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," "connection," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or a point connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0078] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, components, or parts (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, components, or parts. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0079] In all embodiments of this application, "large" and "small" are relative terms, "more" and "less" are relative terms, and "upper" and "lower" are relative terms. The embodiments of this application will not elaborate further on the expression of such relative terms.

[0080] It should be understood that the phrases "in this embodiment," "in this application embodiment," or "as an optional implementation" throughout the specification mean that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, the phrases "in this embodiment," "in this application embodiment," or "as an optional implementation" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are all optional embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0081] In the various embodiments of this application, it should be understood that the sequence number of each process does not necessarily imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0082] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A microfluidic chip for nucleic acid detection, characterized in that, include: The main chip (10) has a sample storage area; An amplification chip (20) is disposed on the main chip (10) and has an amplification region (21) that is connected to the sample storage region; A valve assembly (30) is disposed on the main chip (10) and configured to control the connection and disconnection between the sample preservation area and the amplification area (21); A driving component (40) is disposed on the main chip (10) and can open and close the sample preservation area. The driving component (40) is configured to drive the test liquid in the sample preservation area to flow to the amplification area (21) by air pressure.

2. The nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the sample preservation area has an opening (111), the driving component (40) is disposed in the opening (111), and the amplification area (21) is connected to the lower part of the sample preservation area.

3. The nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving component (40) includes a fixing member (41) and a driving member (42). The fixing member (41) is detachably connected to the main chip (10), and the driving member (42) is connected to the fixing member (41) and is movable relative to the fixing member (41) toward the sample preservation area.

4. The nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip according to claim 3, characterized in that, The drive element (42) is constructed as a flexible structure that protrudes away from the sample storage area.

5. The nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fixing member (41) is constructed as a sleeve structure, and the driving member (42) is constructed as a piston structure. The driving member (42) cooperates with the fixing member (41) to perform piston movement.

6. The nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip according to claim 5, characterized in that, One of the outer peripheral surface of the driving member (42) and the inner peripheral surface of the fixing member (41) is provided with a first recess (421), and the other is provided with a first protrusion (411). The first protrusion (411) can be detachably embedded in the first recess (421).

7. The nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The valve assembly (30) includes a first phase change valve (31) and a press valve (32). The first phase change valve (31) and the press valve (32) are arranged along the flow direction from the sample preservation area to the amplification area (21). The first phase change valve (31) is configured to switch from a first closed state to a first open state at a temperature not lower than a first preset temperature. The press valve (32) is configured to switch from a second open state to a second closed state by pressing.

8. The nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The valve assembly (30) further includes a second phase change valve (33) and a Tesla valve (34), the second phase change valve (33) and the Tesla valve (34) being arranged along the flow direction from the sample preservation area to the amplification area (21), the second phase change valve (33) being configured to switch from a third closed state to a third open state at a temperature not lower than a second preset temperature, and the Tesla valve (34) being configured to control the unidirectional flow from the sample preservation area to the amplification area (21).

9. The nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The main chip (10) also has a filter groove (13), which is connected between the sample preservation area and the amplification area (21) and is located upstream of the valve assembly (30). The filter groove (13) is provided with a filter element.

10. The nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The main chip (10) also has a first flow channel and a second flow channel, the first flow channel connecting the sample preservation area and the valve assembly (30), and the second flow channel connecting the valve assembly (30) and the amplification area (21).

11. The nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The main chip (10) also has an end groove (14), and a through hole (15) communicating with the atmosphere is opened in the end groove (14). A self-sealing filter element is provided in the end groove (14), and a waterproof and breathable membrane is provided between the self-sealing filter element and the through hole (15).

12. The nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The main chip (10) includes a tube body (11) and a sheet-like part (12). The sample preservation area is located in the tube body (11). The tube body (11), the valve assembly (30), and the amplification chip (20) are arranged along the width direction of the sheet-like part (12).

13. A nucleic acid detection device, characterized in that, Includes a nucleic acid detection microfluidic chip according to any one of claims 1-12.

14. The nucleic acid detection device according to claim 13, characterized in that, It also includes a first temperature control module, a second temperature control module and a fluorescence module. The first temperature control module is located on the valve assembly (30), the second temperature control module is located on the amplification chip (20), and the fluorescence module is located on the amplification chip (20).

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