Adjustable combined bushing applied to railway axle box bearing test bench

Abstract

The utility model discloses an adjustable combined bushing applied to railway axle box bearing test bench, concretely relates to bushing technical field, including first outer bushing, second outer bushing, third outer bushing and inner bushing, and the inner bushing includes the upper inner bushing and lower inner bushing of same inside and outside diameter, and the upper inner bushing and lower inner bushing can be close to each other or be far from each other along the axial direction of first outer bushing to retract or extend first outer bushing, when retracting, the upper inner bushing and lower inner bushing are gathered in first outer bushing and are locked, when extending, second outer bushing is set up in the outside of upper inner bushing and is locked with upper inner bushing, and the lower end of second outer bushing and the upper end of first outer bushing abut, third outer bushing is set up in the outside of lower inner bushing and is locked with lower inner bushing, and the upper end of third outer bushing and the lower end of first outer bushing abut. The utility model has simple structure, and the adjustment mode is flexible and efficient, adapts different specifications bearing test demand, reduces the cost, and improves the versatility of bushing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bushing technology, and in particular to an adjustable combined bushing used in a test bench for railway axle box bearings. Background Technology

[0002] A bushing is a ring-shaped part fitted over a shaft or other component, primarily serving functions such as wear resistance, vibration damping, guidance, sealing, or gap compensation. Bushings are key auxiliary components in railway axle box bearing test benches. Through targeted application in areas such as spindle support, axle box fit, load transmission, and vibration transmission, bushings ensure that the test bench can accurately reproduce actual working conditions, stably collect data, and adapt to multi-scenario testing, ultimately providing crucial support for the reliability verification of railway axle box bearings.

[0003] Currently, most bushings are designed with a fixed length. Different equipment or different operating conditions of the same equipment may require bushings of different lengths. Fixed-length bushings cannot be flexibly adapted and need to be customized for each requirement, which increases procurement and inventory costs. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustable combined bushing for use in railway axle box bearing test benches, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It has a simple structure, flexible and efficient adjustment method, adapts to the testing needs of bearings of different specifications, reduces costs, and improves the versatility of the bushing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution:

[0006] This utility model provides an adjustable combined bushing for a railway axle box bearing test bench, comprising a first outer bushing, a second outer bushing, a third outer bushing, and an inner bushing. The first outer bushing is fitted over the inner bushing. The inner bushing includes an upper inner bushing and a lower inner bushing distributed along the axial direction of the first outer bushing. The inner and outer diameters of the upper inner bushing are equal to the inner and outer diameters of the lower inner bushing, respectively. The lower end of the upper inner bushing has an upper annular boss, and the upper end of the lower inner bushing has a lower annular boss. The inner sidewalls of the first outer bushing have limiting steps at both ends. The outer diameters of the upper and lower annular bosses match the inner diameter of the first outer bushing. The upper and lower inner bushings can... The upper inner sleeve and the lower inner sleeve can move closer to or further away from each other along the axial direction of the first outer sleeve to retract or extend the first outer sleeve; when both the upper inner sleeve and the lower inner sleeve are in the retracted state, the upper inner sleeve and the lower inner sleeve can be locked to the first outer sleeve by locking members respectively; when both the upper inner sleeve and the lower inner sleeve are in the extended state, the second outer sleeve can be fitted over the upper inner sleeve and locked to the upper inner sleeve by locking members, while the lower end face of the second outer sleeve abuts against the upper end face of the first outer sleeve; the third outer sleeve can be fitted over the lower inner sleeve and locked to the lower inner sleeve by locking members, while the upper end face of the third outer sleeve abuts against the lower end face of the first outer sleeve.

[0007] Preferably, it further includes an upper buffer sleeve and a lower buffer sleeve, wherein the upper inner liner is fixedly sleeved outside the upper buffer sleeve, and the lower inner liner is fixedly sleeved outside the lower buffer sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the upper inner bushing is provided with a plurality of upper grooves along the axial direction of the upper inner bushing, and the outer wall of the upper buffer sleeve is provided with a plurality of upper protrusions along the axial direction of the upper buffer sleeve, the upper protrusions matching the upper grooves; the inner wall of the lower inner bushing is provided with a plurality of lower grooves along the axial direction of the lower inner bushing, and the outer wall of the lower buffer sleeve is provided with a plurality of lower protrusions along the axial direction of the lower buffer sleeve, the lower protrusions matching the lower grooves.

[0009] Preferably, the upper buffer sleeve and the lower buffer sleeve are made of rubber.

[0010] Preferably, both the upper inner bushing and the lower inner bushing have through holes circumferentially formed on their side walls.

[0011] Preferably, the first outer bushing has multiple first locking holes, the second outer bushing has a second locking hole, and the third outer bushing has a third locking hole. The top of the upper inner bushing has an upper limit groove, and the bottom of the lower inner bushing has a lower limit groove. The locking element is a pin. The pin passes through the first locking hole and is inserted into the upper limit groove to fix the first outer bushing to the upper inner bushing. The pin passes through the first locking hole and is inserted into the lower limit groove to fix the first outer bushing to the lower inner bushing. The pin passes through the second locking hole and is inserted into the upper limit groove to fix the second outer bushing to the upper inner bushing. The pin passes through the third locking hole and is inserted into the lower limit groove to fix the third outer bushing to the lower inner bushing.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes an upper ring cover and a lower ring cover, wherein the upper ring cover is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the upper inner bushing by screws, and the lower ring cover is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the lower inner bushing by screws.

[0013] Preferably, there is a first annular gap between the inner wall of the second outer bushing and the outer wall of the upper inner bushing, and a second annular gap between the inner wall of the third outer bushing and the outer wall of the lower inner bushing.

[0014] The present invention achieves the following technical advantages over the prior art:

[0015] This utility model provides an adjustable combined bushing for use in railway axle box bearing test benches. By switching between retracted and extended states of the upper and lower inner bushings, and in combination with the second and third outer bushings, the overall size of the combined bushing can be flexibly adjusted. In the retracted state, the upper and lower inner bushings are retracted into the first outer bushing, resulting in a smaller overall size that can accommodate smaller bearings. In the extended state, the upper and lower inner bushings extend, and the second and third outer bushings are locked to the upper and lower inner bushings respectively and abut against the first outer bushing, increasing the overall size and accommodating larger bearings. This improves the bushing's adaptability to testing different bearing models on the test bench, reduces experimental costs, and enhances the versatility of the test bench. The combined bushing has a simple structure, convenient state switching operation, shortens adjustment time, and improves the operating efficiency of the test bench. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combined bushing when the upper and lower inner bushings are in the retracted state.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the combined bushing with the upper and lower inner bushings in the retracted state.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the combined bushing structure when the upper and lower inner bushings have just extended.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the combined bushing when the upper and lower inner bushings have just extended.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combined bushing when the upper and lower inner bushings are in the extended state.

[0022] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the combined bushing with the upper and lower inner bushings in the extended position;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the upper inner bushing.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the upper buffer sleeve.

[0025] In the figure: 1-First outer bushing; 2-Second outer bushing; 3-Third outer bushing; 4-Upper inner bushing; 5-Lower inner bushing; 6-Upper end ring cover; 7-Lower end ring cover; 8-Limiting step; 9-Upper annular boss; 10-Lower annular boss; 11-Upper groove; 12-Lower groove; 13-First locking hole; 14-Second locking hole; 15-Third locking hole; 16-Upper limit groove; 17-Lower limit groove; 18-First annular gap; 19-Second annular gap; 20-Through hole; 21-Upper buffer sleeve; 22-Upper protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] The purpose of this invention is to provide an adjustable combined bushing for use in railway axle box bearing test benches, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It has a simple structure, flexible and efficient adjustment method, adapts to the needs of multiple scenarios, reduces costs, and improves the versatility of the bushing.

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] This utility model provides an adjustable combined bushing for use in railway axle box bearing test benches, such as... Figures 1-6As shown, the device includes a first outer bushing 1, a second outer bushing 2, a third outer bushing 3, and an inner bushing. The first outer bushing 1 is fitted over the inner bushing. The inner bushing includes an upper inner bushing 4 and a lower inner bushing 5 distributed along the axial direction of the first outer bushing 1. The inner and outer diameters of the upper inner bushing 4 are equal to the inner and outer diameters of the lower inner bushing 5, respectively. The lower end of the upper inner bushing 4 is provided with an upper annular boss 9, and the upper end of the lower inner bushing 5 is provided with a lower annular boss 10. The inner sidewalls of the first outer bushing 1 have limiting steps 8 at both ends. The outer diameters of the upper annular boss 9 and the lower annular boss 10 are matched with the inner diameter of the first outer bushing 1. The upper inner bushing 4 and the lower inner bushing 5 can move along the axial direction of the first outer bushing 1. The axial directions of the upper inner bushing 4 and the lower inner bushing 5 move closer or further apart to retract or extend the first outer bushing 1; when both the upper inner bushing 4 and the lower inner bushing 5 are in the retracted state, the upper inner bushing 4 and the lower inner bushing 5 can be locked to the first outer bushing 1 by locking members respectively; when both the upper inner bushing 4 and the lower inner bushing 5 are in the extended state, the second outer bushing 2 can be fitted outside the upper inner bushing 4 and locked to the upper inner bushing 4 by locking members, while the lower end face of the second outer bushing 2 abuts against the upper end face of the first outer bushing 1; the third outer bushing 3 can be fitted outside the lower inner bushing 5 and locked to the lower inner bushing 5 by locking members, while the upper end face of the third outer bushing 3 abuts against the lower end face of the first outer bushing 1. By switching between the retracted and extended states of the upper inner bushing 4 and the lower inner bushing 5, and in combination with the second outer bushing 2 and the third outer bushing 3, the overall size of the combined bushing can be flexibly adjusted. When in the retracted state, the upper inner bushing 4 and the lower inner bushing 5 retract into the first outer bushing 1, resulting in a smaller overall size that can accommodate smaller bearings. When in the extended state, only the upper inner bushing 4 or only the lower inner bushing 5 can be extended axially (while the other inner bushing remains retracted). In this case, the corresponding second outer bushing 2 or third outer bushing 3 is fitted and locked, forming a single-sided expansion structure. When an overall increase in size is required... When adjusting the outer diameter of the bushing or the overall axial length, the upper inner bushing 4 and the lower inner bushing 5 can extend axially outward simultaneously. At the same time, the second outer bushing 2 and the third outer bushing 3 are respectively fitted onto the upper and lower inner bushings 5 ​​and fixed by locking components, clamping the first outer bushing 1 between their end faces, forming a complete support structure with double-sided expansion, suitable for bearings of larger specifications. Multiple modes flexibly adapt to the testing needs of bearings of different specifications, improving the flexibility of the combined bushing, reducing experimental costs, and enhancing the versatility of the test bench. The combined bushing has a simple structure, convenient state switching operation, shortens adjustment time, and improves the operating efficiency of the test bench. Furthermore, the bushing adopts modular disassembly; when a component malfunctions, only the corresponding module needs to be replaced, without the need for complete scrapping, reducing maintenance costs.

[0030] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, the adjustable combined bushing used in the railway axle box bearing test bench further includes an upper buffer sleeve 21 and a lower buffer sleeve. An upper inner bushing 4 is fixedly fitted outside the upper buffer sleeve 21, and a lower inner bushing 5 is fixedly fitted outside the lower buffer sleeve. Both the upper and lower buffer sleeves are made of rubber. The upper and lower buffer sleeves are in direct contact with the shaft. The rubber buffer sleeves can absorb vibrations generated between the shaft and the bushing, reducing the risk of fatigue damage to the friction pair surfaces. The elastic deformation capacity of the rubber can compensate for the clearance between the bushing and the shaft, maintaining a certain level of sealing even under insufficient lubrication or slight eccentricity conditions, preventing dust, moisture, and other contaminants from entering the interior.

[0031] A further preferred embodiment of this utility model is, as follows: Figures 7-8 As shown, the inner wall of the upper inner bushing 4 is provided with multiple upper grooves 11 along the axial direction of the upper inner bushing 4, and the outer wall of the upper buffer sleeve 21 is provided with multiple upper protrusions 22 along the axial direction of the upper buffer sleeve 21, the upper protrusions 22 matching the upper grooves 11; the inner wall of the lower inner bushing 5 is provided with multiple lower grooves 12 along the axial direction of the lower inner bushing 5, and the outer wall of the lower buffer sleeve is provided with multiple lower protrusions along the axial direction of the lower buffer sleeve, the lower protrusions matching the lower grooves 12. The structure of the protrusions embedded in the grooves, through mechanical interlocking, firmly connects the buffer sleeve and the inner bushing, avoiding circumferential rotation and axial movement; and the multiple protrusions and grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, which can distribute the force to multiple contact points, avoiding deformation or damage caused by local stress concentration.

[0032] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, through holes 20 are provided circumferentially on the side walls of both the upper inner bushing 4 and the lower inner bushing 5. The through holes 20 can reduce the overall mass of the inner bushing, reduce the energy consumption of the test bench drive system, and reduce the influence of inertial force on the test accuracy.

[0033] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, the first outer bushing 1 has a plurality of first locking holes 13, the second outer bushing 2 has a second locking hole 14, the third outer bushing 3 has a third locking hole 15, the top of the upper inner bushing 4 has an upper limit groove 16, and the bottom of the lower inner bushing 5 has a lower limit groove 17. The locking element is a pin. The pin passes through the first locking hole 13 at the upper end of the first outer bushing 1 and is inserted into the upper limit groove 16 to fix the first outer bushing 1 to the upper inner bushing 4. The pin passes through the first locking hole 13 at the lower end of the first outer bushing 1 and is inserted into the lower limit groove 17 to fix the first outer bushing 1 to the lower inner bushing 5. The pin passes through the second locking hole 14 and is inserted into the upper limit groove 16 to fix the second outer bushing 2 to the upper inner bushing 4. The pin passes through the third locking hole 15 and is inserted into the lower limit groove 17 to fix the third outer bushing 3 to the lower inner bushing 5.

[0034] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, the adjustable combined bushing used in the railway axle box bearing test bench further includes an upper ring cover 6 and a lower ring cover 7. The upper ring cover 6 is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the upper inner bushing 4 by screws, and the lower ring cover 7 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the lower inner bushing 5 by screws. The ring cover can prevent external contaminants such as dust and moisture from entering the gap, avoiding lubricant contamination; and the ring cover can reduce the end face wear of the outer bushing and the inner bushing, improving the service life of the combined bushing.

[0035] In a further preferred embodiment of this utility model, a first annular gap 18 is provided between the inner wall of the second outer bushing 2 and the outer wall of the upper inner bushing 4, and a second annular gap 19 is provided between the inner wall of the third outer bushing 3 and the outer wall of the lower inner bushing 5. The annular gaps are capable of absorbing vibration or impact.

[0036] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. An adjustable combined bushing for use in a railway axle box bearing test bench, characterized in that: The system includes a first outer bushing, a second outer bushing, a third outer bushing, and an inner bushing. The first outer bushing is fitted over the inner bushing. The inner bushing includes an upper inner bushing and a lower inner bushing distributed along the axial direction of the first outer bushing. The inner and outer diameters of the upper inner bushing are equal to the inner and outer diameters of the lower inner bushing, respectively. The lower end of the upper inner bushing has an upper annular boss, and the upper end of the lower inner bushing has a lower annular boss. The inner sidewalls of the first outer bushing have limiting steps at both ends. The outer diameters of the upper and lower annular bosses match the inner diameter of the first outer bushing. The upper and lower inner bushings can abut against each other along the axial direction of the first outer bushing. The first outer sleeve can be retracted or extended by moving closer to or further away from the first outer sleeve; when both the upper and lower inner sleeves are in the retracted state, the upper and lower inner sleeves can be locked to the first outer sleeve by locking members respectively; when both the upper and lower inner sleeves are in the extended state, the second outer sleeve can be fitted over the upper inner sleeve and locked to the upper inner sleeve by locking members, while the lower end face of the second outer sleeve abuts against the upper end face of the first outer sleeve; the third outer sleeve can be fitted over the lower inner sleeve and locked to the lower inner sleeve by locking members, while the upper end face of the third outer sleeve abuts against the lower end face of the first outer sleeve.

2. The adjustable combined bushing for railway axle box bearing test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an upper buffer sleeve and a lower buffer sleeve, wherein the upper inner liner is fixedly sleeved outside the upper buffer sleeve, and the lower inner liner is fixedly sleeved outside the lower buffer sleeve.

3. The adjustable combined bushing for use in railway axle box bearing test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the upper inner liner is provided with a plurality of upper grooves along the axial direction of the upper inner liner, and the outer wall of the upper buffer sleeve is provided with a plurality of upper protrusions along the axial direction of the upper buffer sleeve, the upper protrusions matching the upper grooves; the inner wall of the lower inner liner is provided with a plurality of lower grooves along the axial direction of the lower inner liner, and the outer wall of the lower buffer sleeve is provided with a plurality of lower protrusions along the axial direction of the lower buffer sleeve, the lower protrusions matching the lower grooves.

4. The adjustable combined bushing for railway axle box bearing test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper and lower buffer sleeves are made of rubber.

5. The adjustable combined bushing for use in railway axle box bearing test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper inner bushing and the lower inner bushing have through holes circumferentially formed on their side walls.

6. The adjustable combined bushing for use in railway axle box bearing test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first outer bushing has multiple first locking holes, the second outer bushing has a second locking hole, and the third outer bushing has a third locking hole. The top of the upper inner bushing has an upper limit groove, and the bottom of the lower inner bushing has a lower limit groove. The locking element is a pin. The pin passes through the first locking hole and is inserted into the upper limit groove to fix the first outer bushing to the upper inner bushing. The pin passes through the first locking hole and is inserted into the lower limit groove to fix the first outer bushing to the lower inner bushing. The pin passes through the second locking hole and is inserted into the upper limit groove to fix the second outer bushing to the upper inner bushing. The pin passes through the third locking hole and is inserted into the lower limit groove to fix the third outer bushing to the lower inner bushing.

7. The adjustable combined bushing for use in a railway axle box bearing test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an upper ring cover and a lower ring cover. The upper ring cover is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the upper inner bushing by screws, and the lower ring cover is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the lower inner bushing by screws.

8. The adjustable combined bushing for use in railway axle box bearing test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the second outer bushing and the outer wall of the upper inner bushing have a first annular gap, and the inner wall of the third outer bushing and the outer wall of the lower inner bushing have a second annular gap.

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