A front panel structure for dispersively arranging stack triple cavity interfaces

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hydrogen fuel cell system field especially relates to a front panel structure of three cavity interfaces of electric pile are dispersedly arranged, the utility model removes air import two to the middle upper side position in front panel, hydrogen gas export two, hydrogen gas import two also remove to a certain extent, and the position is similar with the original position, cooling liquid import two, cooling liquid export two position remove to the middle, air export two position moves to the outside, and the position is similar with the original position. Through the removal of the above-mentioned interface, the dispersed arrangement of three cavity interfaces is realized. The insulation board and the front panel are communicated through the air import cavity, the cooling liquid import cavity, the hydrogen gas export cavity, the hydrogen gas import cavity, the cooling liquid export cavity and the air export cavity, and the flow channel structure can effectively reduce the flow resistance, improve the electric pile performance, is more favorable to the design of the manifold, makes the manifold structure more simple.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell systems, and in particular to a front panel structure in which the three chamber interfaces of the fuel cell stack are distributed. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fuel cell systems offer advantages such as zero emissions and rapid refueling, effectively solving problems like long charging times and short driving range associated with lithium batteries. They represent a promising new energy vehicle power system. A hydrogen fuel cell system typically consists of a stack, a hydrogen system, an air system, a thermal management system, and a control system. The stack is the core component, integrating the mechanical interfaces of the hydrogen, air, and thermal management systems. A stack generally has three chambers: a cathode chamber, an anode chamber, and a cooling chamber. The flowing media in these chambers are air, hydrogen, and coolant, respectively. These chambers also correspond to the cathode inlet / outlet, anode inlet / outlet, and coolant inlet / outlet, respectively. Therefore, a stack has six interfaces: three inlets and three outlets. The three inlets are the hydrogen inlet, air inlet, and coolant inlet. The hydrogen inlet is generally located on the upper right side of the stack, the air inlet on the upper left side, and the coolant inlet on the middle left side. The three outlets are hydrogen, air, and coolant. The hydrogen outlet is typically located on the lower left side of the fuel cell stack, the air outlet on the lower right side, and the coolant outlet on the right-middle side. The three-cavity interface on the front panel of the fuel cell stack is usually consistent with this arrangement. This arrangement is standard. However, the manifold connected to the fuel cell stack is generally designed to be more complex. This standard arrangement greatly limits the manifold design because it must connect not only to the fuel cell stack's three-cavity inlets but also to external BOP components. The vertical arrangement of the fuel cell stack's three-cavity inlets causes the manifold's water and air channels to intersect, resulting in a larger manifold size, a more complex structure, and increased manufacturing costs. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the problems existing in the background technology, a front panel structure with a dispersed arrangement of the three-cavity interfaces of the fuel cell stack is proposed. This structure includes an insulating plate connecting the bipolar plates at the front end of the fuel cell stack and a front panel connecting the insulating plate. On the left side of the bipolar plates, from top to bottom, are arranged an air inlet, a coolant inlet, and a hydrogen outlet; on the right side, from top to bottom, are arranged a hydrogen inlet, a coolant outlet, and an air outlet. On the front end of the front panel, from left to right, are arranged a hydrogen outlet, a coolant inlet, an air inlet, a coolant outlet, a hydrogen inlet, and an air outlet. The second section of the insulating plate has, from top to bottom, an air inlet semi-channel 1, a coolant inlet semi-channel 1, and a hydrogen outlet semi-channel 1 on the left rear end; and a hydrogen inlet semi-channel 1, a coolant outlet semi-channel 1, and an air outlet semi-channel 1 on the right rear end. The second section of the insulating plate has, from top to bottom, an air inlet semi-channel 2, a coolant inlet semi-channel 2, and a hydrogen outlet semi-channel 2 on the left front end; and a hydrogen inlet semi-channel 2, a coolant outlet semi-channel 2, and an air outlet semi-channel 2 on the right front end. The second section of the insulating plate has, from top to bottom, an air inlet semi-channel 2, a coolant inlet semi-channel 2, and a hydrogen outlet semi-channel 2 on the right front end. The following structures are arranged sequentially: air inlet three, coolant inlet three, and hydrogen outlet three. On the front right side, from top to bottom, hydrogen inlet three, coolant outlet three, and air outlet three are arranged sequentially. Air inlet semi-channel one and air inlet semi-channel two form a connected air inlet chamber, with their ends connected to air inlet one and air inlet two respectively. Coolant inlet semi-channel one and coolant inlet semi-channel two form a connected coolant inlet chamber, with their ends connected to coolant inlet one and coolant inlet two respectively. Hydrogen outlet semi-channel one and hydrogen outlet semi-channel two form... A hydrogen outlet cavity is connected, with its two ends connected to hydrogen outlet one and hydrogen outlet two, respectively; hydrogen inlet semi-channel one and hydrogen inlet semi-channel two form a connected hydrogen inlet cavity, with its two ends connected to hydrogen inlet one and hydrogen inlet two, respectively; coolant outlet semi-channel one and coolant outlet semi-channel two form a connected coolant outlet cavity, with its two ends connected to coolant outlet one and coolant outlet two, respectively; air outlet semi-channel one and air outlet semi-channel two form a connected air outlet cavity, with its two ends connected to air outlet one and air outlet two, respectively.

[0004] Preferably, air inlet 2 is located in the upper middle position of the front panel, coolant inlet 2 is located on the lower left side of air inlet 2, hydrogen outlet 2 is located on the lower left side of coolant inlet 2, coolant outlet 2 is located on the lower right side of air inlet 2, hydrogen inlet 2 is located on the upper right side of coolant outlet 2, and air outlet 2 is located on the lower right side of hydrogen inlet 2.

[0005] Preferably, the bipolar plate, the insulating plate, and the front panel are connected by a pull rod.

[0006] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following beneficial technical effects: This utility model moves the second air inlet to the upper middle position of the front panel, and the second hydrogen outlet and second hydrogen inlet are also moved to a certain extent, closer to their original positions. The second coolant inlet and second coolant outlet are moved towards the center, and the second air outlet is moved outwards, closer to its original position. Through the relocation of these interfaces, a distributed arrangement of the three-chamber interfaces is achieved. The insulating plate and the front panel are connected through the air inlet, coolant inlet, hydrogen outlet, and air outlet. This flow channel structure effectively reduces flow resistance, improves fuel cell stack performance, and is more conducive to manifold design, making the manifold structure simpler. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a front panel structure in which the three chamber interfaces of the fuel cell stack are distributed in a decentralized manner.

[0008] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a front panel structure in which the three chamber interfaces of the fuel cell stack are distributed in a dispersed manner.

[0009] Figure 3 This is a split rear view of the insulation board and front panel.

[0010] Attached label: 1. Front panel; 101. Air inlet two; 102. Coolant outlet two; 103. Hydrogen inlet two; 104. Air outlet two; 105. Coolant inlet two; 106. Air outlet two; 107. Hydrogen inlet semi-channel one; 108. Coolant outlet semi-channel one; 109. Air outlet semi-channel one; 110. Inlet semi-channel one; 111. Coolant inlet semi-channel one; 112. Hydrogen outlet semi-channel one; 2. Insulating plate; 201. Hydrogen inlet semi-channel two; 202. Coolant outlet semi-channel two; 203. 204. Air outlet semi-channel 2; 205. Inlet semi-channel 2; 206. Coolant inlet semi-channel 2; 207. Hydrogen outlet semi-channel 2; 208. Hydrogen inlet 3; 209. Coolant outlet 3; 210. Air inlet 3; 211. Coolant inlet 3; 212. Hydrogen outlet 3; 3. Fuel cell stack; 4. Tie rod; 5. Bipolar plate; 501. Hydrogen inlet 1; 502. Coolant outlet 1; 503. Air outlet 1; 504. Air inlet 1; 505. Coolant inlet 1; 506. Hydrogen outlet 1. Detailed Implementation

[0011] like Figures 1-3As shown, this utility model proposes a front panel structure with the three chamber interfaces of the fuel cell stack distributed in a dispersed manner. It includes an insulating plate 2 connecting the bipolar plate 5 at the front end of the fuel cell stack 3 and a front panel 1 connecting the insulating plate 2. On the left side of the bipolar plate 5, from top to bottom, an air inlet 504, a coolant inlet 505, and a hydrogen outlet 506 are arranged in sequence, and on the right side, from top to bottom, a hydrogen inlet 501, a coolant outlet 502, and an air outlet 503 are arranged in sequence. On the front end of the front panel 1, from left to right, a hydrogen outlet 106, a coolant inlet 105, an air inlet 101, a coolant outlet 102, a hydrogen inlet 103, and an air outlet 104 are distributed in a dispersed manner. From top to bottom, the left rear end features an air inlet semi-flow channel 110, a coolant inlet semi-flow channel 111, and a hydrogen outlet semi-flow channel 112. From top to bottom, the right rear end features a hydrogen inlet semi-flow channel 107, a coolant outlet semi-flow channel 108, and an air outlet semi-flow channel 109. From top to bottom, the left front end of the insulating plate 2 features an air inlet semi-flow channel 204, a coolant inlet semi-flow channel 205, and a hydrogen outlet semi-flow channel 206. From top to bottom, the right front end features a hydrogen inlet semi-flow channel 201, a coolant outlet semi-flow channel 202, and an air outlet semi-flow channel 203. From top to bottom, the left rear end ... The system includes an inlet 3210, a coolant inlet 3211, and a hydrogen outlet 3212. From top to bottom, the front right side is equipped with a hydrogen inlet 3207, a coolant outlet 3208, and an air outlet 3209. Air inlet semi-channels 110 and 204 form a connected air inlet chamber, with their ends connected to air inlet 1504 and air inlet 2101 respectively. Coolant inlet semi-channels 111 and 205 form a connected coolant inlet chamber, with their ends connected to coolant inlet 1505 and coolant inlet 2105 respectively. Hydrogen outlet semi-channels 112 and 206 form a connected... A hydrogen outlet cavity is formed, with its two ends connected to hydrogen outlet 506 and hydrogen outlet 106 respectively; hydrogen inlet semi-channels 107 and 201 form a connected hydrogen inlet cavity, with their two ends connected to hydrogen inlet 501 and hydrogen inlet 103 respectively; coolant outlet semi-channels 108 and 202 form a connected coolant outlet cavity, with their two ends connected to coolant outlet 502 and coolant outlet 102 respectively; air outlet semi-channels 109 and 203 form a connected air outlet cavity, with their two ends connected to air outlet 503 and air outlet 104 respectively.

[0012] It should be further explained that air inlet 2 101 is located in the upper middle part of the front panel 1, coolant inlet 2 105 is located on the lower left side of air inlet 2 101; hydrogen outlet 2 106 is located on the lower left side of coolant inlet 2 105, coolant outlet 2 102 is located on the lower right side of air inlet 2 101; hydrogen inlet 2 103 is located on the upper right side of coolant outlet 2 102; and air outlet 2 104 is located on the lower right side of hydrogen inlet 2 103.

[0013] It should be further noted that the bipolar plate 5, the insulating plate 2, and the front panel 1 are connected by the pull rod 4.

[0014] This invention relocates air inlet 101 to the upper middle position of the front panel 1. Hydrogen outlet 106 and hydrogen inlet 103 are also relocated to a certain extent, bringing them closer to their original positions. Coolant inlet 105 and coolant outlet 102 are moved towards the center, while air outlet 104 is moved outwards, bringing it closer to its original position. This relocation of the interfaces achieves a distributed arrangement of the three-chamber interfaces. The insulating plate 2 and the front panel 1 are connected via air inlet, coolant inlet, hydrogen outlet, and air outlet. This flow channel structure effectively reduces flow resistance, improves fuel cell stack performance, and is more conducive to manifold design, simplifying the manifold structure.

[0015] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A front panel structure with the three-cavity interfaces of the fuel cell stack distributed in a dispersed manner, characterized in that, Including an insulating plate (2) that connects to the bipolar plate (5) at the front end of the stack (3) and a front panel (1) that connects to the insulating plate (2); The left side of the bipolar plate (5) is provided with an air inlet (504), a coolant inlet (505) and a hydrogen outlet (506) from top to bottom, and the right side is provided with a hydrogen inlet (501), a coolant outlet (502) and an air outlet (503) from top to bottom. The front panel (1) has hydrogen outlet 2 (106), coolant inlet 2 (105), air inlet 2 (101), coolant outlet 2 (102), hydrogen inlet 2 (103) and air outlet 2 (104) arranged from left to right at the front end; the rear left side has air inlet semi-channel 1 (110), coolant inlet semi-channel 1 (111) and hydrogen outlet semi-channel 1 (112) arranged from top to bottom in sequence; the rear right side has hydrogen inlet semi-channel 1 (107), coolant outlet semi-channel 1 (108) and air outlet semi-channel 1 (109) arranged from top to bottom in sequence; The front left side of the insulating plate (2) is provided with air inlet semi-flow channel two (204), coolant inlet semi-flow channel two (205) and hydrogen outlet semi-flow channel two (206) from top to bottom. The front right side is provided with hydrogen inlet semi-flow channel two (201), coolant outlet semi-flow channel two (202) and air outlet semi-flow channel two (203) from top to bottom. The rear left side is provided with air inlet three (210), coolant inlet three (211) and hydrogen outlet three (212) from top to bottom. The front right side is provided with hydrogen inlet three (207), coolant outlet three (208) and air outlet three (209) from top to bottom. Air inlet semi-channel one (110) and air inlet semi-channel two (204) form a connected air inlet cavity, and are connected to air inlet one (504) and air inlet two (101) at both ends respectively; The first coolant inlet channel (111) and the second coolant inlet channel (205) form a connected coolant inlet chamber, and the two ends are connected to the first coolant inlet (505) and the second coolant inlet (105) respectively. Hydrogen outlet semi-channel one (112) and hydrogen outlet semi-channel two (206) form a connected hydrogen outlet cavity, and are connected to hydrogen outlet one (506) and hydrogen outlet two (106) at both ends respectively. Hydrogen inlet semi-channel one (107) and hydrogen inlet semi-channel two (201) form a connected hydrogen inlet cavity, and are connected to hydrogen inlet one (501) and hydrogen inlet two (103) at both ends respectively. The coolant outlet semi-channel one (108) and the coolant outlet semi-channel two (202) form a connected coolant outlet cavity, and the two ends are respectively connected to coolant outlet one (502) and coolant outlet two (102); Air outlet semi-channel one (109) and air outlet semi-channel two (203) form a connected air outlet cavity, and are connected to air outlet one (503) and air outlet two (104) at their two ends respectively.

2. The front panel structure with the three-cavity interfaces of the fuel cell stack distributed according to claim 1, characterized in that, Air inlet 2 (101) is located in the middle upper part of the front panel (1).

3. The front panel structure with the three-cavity interfaces of the fuel cell stack distributed according to claim 2, characterized in that, Coolant inlet 2 (105) is provided on the lower left side of air inlet 2 (101).

4. The front panel structure with the three-cavity interfaces of the fuel cell stack distributed according to claim 3, characterized in that, Hydrogen outlet 2 (106) is provided on the lower left side of coolant inlet 2 (105).

5. The front panel structure with the three-cavity interfaces of the fuel cell stack distributed according to claim 4, characterized in that, Coolant outlet 2 (102) is provided on the lower right side of air inlet 2 (101).

6. The front panel structure with the three-cavity interfaces of the fuel cell stack distributed according to claim 5, characterized in that, A hydrogen inlet (103) is provided above and to the right of the coolant outlet (102).

7. The front panel structure with the three-cavity interfaces of the fuel cell stack distributed according to claim 6, characterized in that, An air outlet (104) is provided on the lower right side of the hydrogen inlet (103).

8. The front panel structure with the three-cavity interfaces of the fuel cell stack distributed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bipolar plate (5), the insulating plate (2), and the front panel (1) are connected by a pull rod (4).

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