Bearing mounting apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses a bearing mounting device configured to mount a bearing on an end cover of an electric machine, comprising: a bearing press mounting station comprising a first driver and a bearing press mounting part driven by the first driver; a retainer ring press mounting station, the bearing press mounting station being connected with the retainer ring press mounting station through a linear transfer mechanism; the retainer ring press mounting station comprising a retainer ring press mounting assembly for press mounting a retainer ring into the end cover; and the linear transfer mechanism comprising a positioning clamp for placing an end cover to be mounted, the linear transfer mechanism being capable of automatically transferring the end cover of the electric machine between the bearing press mounting station and the retainer ring press mounting station. The mounting efficiency is high, and the reliability is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to a power tool production line, such as a bearing mounting device for an electric motor. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, the installation of bearings on motor end covers typically relies on simple manual tooling for purely manual operation. However, ordinary tooling is prone to positioning deviations and press-fit torsion when installing large, rigid bearings and retaining rings. Product quality is highly dependent on the operator's individual skills, focus, and working condition.

[0003] This section provides background information related to this application, which is not necessarily prior art. Utility Model Content

[0004] One object of this application is to solve or at least alleviate some or all of the aforementioned problems. Therefore, one object of this application is to provide a bearing mounting device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A bearing installation device configured to install a bearing onto an end cover of a motor includes: a bearing press-fitting station including a first driver and a bearing press-fitting part driven by the first driver; a retaining ring press-fitting station, the bearing press-fitting station and the retaining ring press-fitting station being connected by a linear transfer mechanism; the retaining ring press-fitting station including a retaining ring press-fitting assembly for press-fitting a retaining ring into the end cover; and the linear transfer mechanism including a positioning fixture for placing the end cover to be installed, the linear transfer mechanism automatically transferring the motor end cover between the bearing press-fitting station and the retaining ring press-fitting station.

[0007] In some embodiments, the first driver includes a servo motor, which includes multiple pressing speeds during the pressing process.

[0008] In some embodiments, the retaining ring press-fit assembly further includes: a tapered sleeve positioning portion, which is driven by a second driver to axially position the tapered guide sleeve to the opening of the end cap; and a wedge portion, including a beveled actuating surface, to allow the retaining ring to form a working angle and enter the tapered guide sleeve.

[0009] In some embodiments, the working angle of the retaining ring is less than or equal to 70°.

[0010] In some embodiments, the positioning fixture includes a suspension base, which includes a spring.

[0011] In some embodiments, the bearing press-fitting station includes a grating ruler, which is at least partially disposed on the bearing press-fitting section.

[0012] In some embodiments, the linear transfer mechanism includes a double-acting cylinder and a linear guide rail, with a positioning fixture connected to the linear guide rail.

[0013] In some embodiments, the bearing press-fitting station includes an automatic bearing feeding assembly, comprising a first cylinder and a first push rod.

[0014] In some embodiments, the retaining ring press-fitting station includes an automatic retaining ring feeding assembly, which includes a second cylinder and a second push rod.

[0015] In some embodiments, a detection component is also included, comprising a displacement sensor and a vision detection unit, the vision detection unit including an industrial camera.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: the highly efficient and collaborative bearing press-fitting station and retaining ring press-fitting station, as well as the intelligent linear transfer mechanism connecting the two, simplify the operation steps and integrate the originally separate processes of pressing bearings and installing retaining rings into continuous automated completion in a single clamping. This not only greatly improves production efficiency and shortens the production cycle of a single piece, but also effectively eliminates human error and ensures the consistency, accuracy and process reliability of each product assembly. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a bearing mounting device as an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the end cap, bearing, and retaining ring as an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a positioning fixture as an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the bearing press-fitting station as one embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the bearing press-fitting station as an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the retaining ring press-fitting station as an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the components of the tapered sleeve positioning part, the wedge part, and the retaining ring press-fitting assembly as one embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A half-section view. Detailed Implementation

[0025] Before explaining any implementation of this application in detail, it should be understood that this application is not limited to its application to the structural details and component arrangements set forth in the following description or shown in the above drawings.

[0026] In this application, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0027] In this application, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three cases: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this application generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "and / or" relationship.

[0028] In this application, the terms "connection," "combination," "coupling," and "installation" can refer to direct connection, combination, coupling, or installation, or indirect connection, combination, coupling, or installation. For example, a direct connection refers to two parts or components being connected together without the need for an intermediary, while an indirect connection refers to two parts or components each being connected to at least one intermediary, with the connection achieved through the intermediary. Furthermore, "connection" and "coupling" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or couplings, but can also include electrical connections or couplings.

[0029] In this application, those skilled in the art will understand that relative terms (e.g., “about,” “approximately,” “basically,” etc.) used in conjunction with quantities or conditions are to include the values ​​and have the meaning indicated by the context. For example, such relative terms include at least the degree of error associated with the measurement of a particular value, tolerances associated with the particular value due to manufacturing, assembly, use, etc. Such terms should also be considered as disclosing a range defined by the absolute values ​​of the two endpoints. Relative terms may refer to a certain percentage (e.g., 1%, 5%, 10% or more) of the indicated value. Numerical values ​​that do not use relative terms should also be disclosed as specific values ​​with tolerances. Furthermore, “basically” when expressing relative angular relationships (e.g., substantially parallel, substantially perpendicular) may refer to a certain degree (e.g., 1 degree, 5 degrees, 10 degrees or more) added to or subtracted from the indicated angle.

[0030] In this application, those skilled in the art will understand that the function performed by a component can be performed by one component, multiple components, one part, or multiple parts. Similarly, the function performed by a part can also be performed by one part, one component, or a combination of multiple parts.

[0031] In this application, the directional terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" are used to describe the orientation and positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in the context, it should be understood that when an element is mentioned as being connected "upper" or "lower" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower," or indirectly connected through an intermediate element. It should also be understood that directional terms such as upper side, lower side, left side, right side, front side, and rear side not only represent positive orientation but can also be understood as lateral orientation. For example, "below" can include directly below, lower left, lower right, lower front, and lower rear.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a bearing mounting device 100 is configured to mount a bearing 220 onto an end cover 210 of a motor. Figure 2 As shown, the motor end cover 210 is provided with a bearing housing 211 to accommodate the bearing 220. The bearing housing 211 is arranged around the output shaft of the motor and has an opening 212. After the bearing 220 is installed on the end cover 210, a retaining ring 230 is added to axially fix the bearing 220. For example, the retaining ring 230 includes a hollow elastic retaining ring 230 to prevent the bearing 220 from dislodging.

[0033] In this embodiment, the bearing installation equipment 100 includes a frame 11, a bearing press-fitting station 30, a retaining ring press-fitting station 40, and a linear transfer mechanism 50. The frame 11 connects to or supports the bearing press-fitting station 30, the retaining ring press-fitting station 40, and the linear transfer mechanism 50. The bearing press-fitting station 30 includes a first driver 31 and a bearing press-fitting part 32 driven by the first driver 31. The bearing press-fitting station 30 and the retaining ring press-fitting station 40 are connected via the linear transfer mechanism 50. The retaining ring press-fitting station 40 includes a retaining ring press-fitting assembly 41 to press the retaining ring 230 into the bearing housing 211. The linear transfer mechanism 50 includes a positioning fixture 51 for placing the end cap 210 to be installed. After receiving a loading signal, the linear transfer mechanism 50 transfers the end cap 210 of the motor between the bearing press-fitting station 30 and the retaining ring press-fitting station 40. The highly efficient and collaborative bearing press-fitting station 30 and retaining ring press-fitting station 40, along with the intelligent linear transfer mechanism 50 connecting them, simplify the operation steps. The originally separate processes of pressing the bearing 220 and installing the retaining ring 230 are integrated into a single, continuous, automated process. This significantly improves production efficiency, shortens the production cycle time per piece, and effectively eliminates human error, ensuring the consistency, accuracy, and reliability of each product assembly. Furthermore, the bearing press-fitting station 30, utilizing the first driver 31 and the bearing press-fitting part 32 directly driven by it, can accurately press the bearing 220 into the bearing housing 211 of the motor end cover with a stable and controllable force, ensuring the verticality and assembly quality of the bearing 220 and effectively preventing premature failure due to improper installation. The retaining ring press-fitting station 40 can quickly, accurately, and without damage press the retaining ring 230 into place, firmly locking the bearing 220 and completely preventing axial movement or loosening during subsequent operation, significantly improving product reliability and durability.

[0034] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the positioning fixture 51 includes a suspension base 511, and the suspension base 511 includes a spring 52. The suspension base 511 is provided with holes that match the shape of the end cap 210 to be installed.

[0035] In this embodiment, the suspension base 511 includes multiple springs 52, for example, four springs 52 forming a stable and balanced floating support system to ensure the balance of the suspension base 511. The positioning clamp 51 is also provided with a fixed base plate 53, which is disposed below the suspension base 511, and the springs 52 are vertically connected between the suspension base 511 and the fixed base plate 53. The suspension base 511 also includes a positioning shaft 5111, which is slidably connected to the fixed base plate 53. The positioning shaft 5111 extends above the suspension base 511 and can be inserted into the inner ring of the bearing 220. The positioning shaft 5111 retracts when the bearing pressing part 32 presses down, so that the bearing pressing part 32 presses the bearing 220 into place.

[0036] In some embodiments, the linear transfer mechanism 50 further includes a grating ruler disposed on the suspension base 511. The grating ruler includes a reading head and a scale, wherein the reading head is connected to the suspension base 511 and the scale is connected to the fixed base plate 53. The grating ruler is used to monitor the micro-displacement changes of the suspension base 511 in real time, providing accurate position feedback for the pressing process.

[0037] The linear transfer mechanism 50 also includes a double-acting cylinder 54 and a linear guide rail 55, with a positioning fixture 51 connected to the linear guide rail 55. In this embodiment, a groove 531 that mates with the linear guide rail 55 is provided on the fixed base plate 53. The positioning fixture 51 slides on the linear guide rail 55. The double-acting cylinder 54 and the linear guide rail 55 cooperate to transfer the end cap on the positioning fixture 51 between the bearing pressing station 30 and the retaining ring pressing station 40. In this embodiment, the elastic floating structure of the suspended base 511 effectively absorbs and isolates the vertical impact load during the pressing of the bearing 220 and the retaining ring 230, preventing the pressing force from being directly transmitted to the linear guide rail 55, thereby significantly reducing the wear of the linear guide rail 55, extending the service life of the equipment, and maintaining long-term operating accuracy.

[0038] like Figure 4 As shown, two moving positions of the linear transfer mechanism 50 are illustrated. The solid line indicates that the linear transfer mechanism 50 is located at the bearing press-fitting station 30, and the dashed line indicates that the linear transfer mechanism 50 is located at the retaining ring press-fitting station 40.

[0039] Continue to refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The bearing press-fit station 30 also includes an automatic bearing feeding assembly 33. When the linear transfer mechanism 50 detects that the end cap 210 has moved to the bearing press-fit station 30, the automatic bearing feeding assembly 33 automatically drops the bearing 220 from the opening 212 into the bearing housing 211. The first driver 31 drives the bearing press-fit section 32 to press the bearing 220 into the bearing housing 211. In this embodiment, the first driver 31 includes a servo motor 310, which has multiple press-fit speeds during the press-fit process. In this embodiment, the servo motor 310 is equipped with segmented press-fit speeds, and flexible press-fitting avoids damage to parts caused by rigid impacts. Initially, the bearing 220 is approached quickly (e.g., 100 mm / s) to improve efficiency. Upon contact, the speed automatically switches to low (e.g., 1 mm / s) for smooth pressing to precisely control the interference fit. Finally, the bearing is precisely positioned. This dynamically adjustable flexible pressing strategy effectively absorbs impact energy and completely eliminates the instantaneous impact load that is easily generated by traditional rigid pressing. It fundamentally prevents damage such as microcracks, deformation, or indentations that may occur in the raceway, cage, or end cap bearing housing 211 of the bearing 220 due to stress concentration.

[0040] In this embodiment, the servo motor 310 drives the bearing pressing part 32 to move up and down. The bearing pressing part 32 is provided with a shape that matches the bearing 220, so the bearing 220 will not be damaged during pressing. The automatic bearing feeding assembly 33 includes a first cylinder 331 and a first push rod 332. The first cylinder 331 moves the first push rod 332 in a direction perpendicular to the up and down direction. When the linear transfer mechanism 50 accurately positions the end cover to the pressing station, the automatic bearing feeding assembly 33 responds immediately. The first cylinder 331 drives the first push rod 332 to move quickly in a direction perpendicular to the pressing direction (up and down direction), taking out the pre-sorted bearings 220 and dropping them into the bearing seat 211 of the end cover, connecting to the subsequent pressing process, which significantly shortens the feeding waiting time.

[0041] In this embodiment, the bearing press-fit station 30 further includes a grating ruler 35, which is at least partially disposed on the bearing press-fit section 32. The bearing press-fit station 30 includes a support plate on a frame supporting the bearing press-fit section 32. The linear guide rail of the linear transfer mechanism is mounted on the base plate of the frame. The grating ruler 35 includes a reading head 352 and a scale 351, wherein the scale 351 is fixedly disposed. Exemplarily, the scale 351 is disposed parallel to the press-fit direction, one end of the scale 351 is connected to the support plate supporting the bearing press-fit section 32, and the other end of the scale 351 is connected to the base plate of the frame. The reading head 352 is connected to the bearing press-fit section 32. Exemplarily, the bearing press-fit section 32 also includes a floating plate that moves with the bearing press-fit section 32, the floating plate surrounding the periphery of the bearing press-fit section. The reading head 352 can also be mounted on the floating plate. The grating ruler 35 is used to monitor the micro-displacement changes of the bearing press-fit section 32 in real time, providing accurate position feedback for the press-fit process. The grating ruler provides real-time feedback on the minute displacement of the bearing pressing section 32. Combined with the closed-loop control of the pressing equipment, it ensures the accuracy and consistency of the pressing depth of the bearing 220 each time, completely eliminates the risk of under-pressure or over-pressure, and ensures reliable assembly quality.

[0042] like Figures 6 to 8As shown, the retaining ring press-fit station 40 includes a conical sleeve positioning part 42 and a wedge part 43. The conical sleeve positioning part 42, driven by a second driver 421, axially positions the conical guide sleeve 422 to the opening 212 of the end cap, forming a reliable positioning reference. The wedge part 43 includes an angled actuating surface 4311 to allow the retaining ring 230 to form a working angle α and enter the conical guide sleeve 422. The retaining ring press-fit assembly 41 presses the retaining ring 230 into the end cap 210. In some embodiments, the wedge part 43 further includes a third driver 432 and a wedge block 431, the third driver 432 driving the wedge block 431 to slide within the conical guide sleeve 422. The angled actuating surface 4311 is an outer surface of the wedge block 431. In this embodiment, the conical guide sleeve 422 includes a cylindrical body 4221 extending in the vertical direction, and the wedge block 431 is at least partially embedded in the eccentric position of the cylindrical body 4221 and slidable within the cylindrical body 4221. A third actuator 432 is connected above the wedge 431 to allow the wedge 431 to slide axially at an eccentric position on the axis of the tapered guide sleeve 422. The center of the cylindrical body 4221 is substantially aligned with the axis of the bearing 220. The wedge 431, eccentrically positioned on one side, presses down on one edge of the retaining ring 230, thereby causing the retaining ring 230 to form a working tilt angle α. The retaining ring pressing assembly 41 is driven by the cylinder 411 to press down in the vertical direction, pressing the tilted retaining ring 230 into the slot of the bearing seat 211 without rigid impact throughout the process. The first actuator 31 includes a cylinder. The second actuator 421 includes a cylinder. Exemplarily, the cylinder 411, the first actuator 31, and the second actuator 421 of the retaining ring pressing assembly 41 can be the same component or different components.

[0043] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the retaining ring 230 is greater than or equal to 55 mm, the inner diameter is greater than or equal to 49 mm, and the thickness is approximately 2 mm. Using a large-size, high-rigidity retaining ring 230 during a high-rigidity flat pressing process can cause twisting and noise. In this embodiment, the pre-deformation treatment of the retaining ring 230 by the wedge portion 43 not only eliminates assembly stress concentration but also ensures that the rebound force of the retaining ring is evenly distributed in the final locking position, making the axial fixation more secure and reliable; the precise guidance of the tapered guide sleeve 422 eliminates the risk of pressure deviation; and avoids the shrinkage force generated by the high rigidity of the retaining ring 230 itself. In this embodiment, the working tilt angle α is less than or equal to 70°.

[0044] The automatic retaining ring feeding assembly 44 includes a second cylinder 441 and a second push rod 442. The second cylinder 441 moves the second push rod 442 in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction. When the linear transfer mechanism 50 positions the end cover 210 with the bearing 220 installed at the pressing station, the automatic retaining ring feeding assembly 44 immediately responds and drives the second push rod 442 to move quickly in a direction perpendicular to the pressing direction (vertical direction) through the second cylinder 441, taking out the pre-sorted retaining rings 230 and dropping them into the bearing seat 211 of the end cover, connecting to the subsequent pressing process.

[0045] In this embodiment, the bearing installation equipment 100 also includes a detection component, including a displacement sensor 45 and a vision inspection unit, the vision inspection unit including an industrial camera. The retaining ring pressing station 40 also includes a displacement sensor 45. When the cylinder of the retaining ring pressing assembly 41 performs the pressing action, the displacement sensor 45 dynamically monitors the displacement change of the pressing stroke in real time. By comparing with the preset pressing depth threshold, it determines whether the retaining ring 230 is accurately pressed into the design slot 531 of the end cover bearing seat 211, completely avoiding the risk of misjudgment by manual visual inspection and ensuring that each pressing meets the mechanical requirements of axial locking.

[0046] In some embodiments, industrial cameras are used to capture images from multiple angles at key workstations. For example, after the bearing 220 is automatically fed, the industrial camera quickly scans to confirm the accuracy of the bearing 220's model, orientation, and pre-placement status within the bearing housing 211. Similarly, after the retaining ring 230 is press-fitted, visual analysis is immediately performed on the press-fit position, retaining ring 230 deformation, and circumferential unfolding integrity, automatically identifying defects such as retaining ring 230 twisting, partial non-groove 531, or structural damage. All inspection data is uploaded to the control system in real time, not only triggering immediate flow of qualified products or alarm rejection of defective products, but also providing data support for adaptive optimization of press-fitting process parameters (such as the press-fitting speed curve of the servo motor 310). This upgrades traditional discrete quality control relying on manual sampling to fully online inspection, significantly improving the consistency of the assembly process and product reliability.

[0047] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit this application in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A bearing mounting device configured to mount a bearing onto the end cover of a motor, characterized in that, include: The bearing press-fitting station includes a first driver and a bearing press-fitting part driven by the first driver; The retaining ring pressing station is connected to the bearing pressing station via a linear transfer mechanism; the retaining ring pressing station includes a retaining ring pressing assembly, which presses the retaining ring into the end cover. The linear transfer mechanism includes a positioning fixture for placing the end cap to be installed, and the linear transfer mechanism automatically transfers the motor end cap between the bearing pressing station and the retaining ring pressing station.

2. The bearing installation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first driver includes a servo motor, which has multiple pressing speeds during the pressing process.

3. The bearing installation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retaining ring press-fit assembly further includes: a tapered sleeve positioning part, which is driven by a second driver to axially position the tapered guide sleeve to the opening of the end cover; and a wedge part, including a tapered actuating surface, so that the retaining ring forms a working tilt angle and enters the tapered guide sleeve.

4. The bearing installation equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The working angle of the retaining ring is less than or equal to 70°.

5. The bearing installation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning fixture includes a suspension base, and the suspension base includes a spring.

6. The bearing installation equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bearing press-fitting station includes a grating ruler, which is at least partially disposed on the bearing press-fitting section.

7. The bearing installation equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The linear transfer mechanism includes a double-acting cylinder and a linear guide rail, with the positioning fixture connected to the linear guide rail.

8. The bearing installation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing press-fitting station includes an automatic bearing feeding assembly, which includes a first cylinder and a first push rod.

9. The bearing installation equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retaining ring pressing station includes an automatic retaining ring feeding assembly, which includes a second cylinder and a second push rod.

10. The bearing mounting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes detection components, including displacement sensors and a vision detection unit, the vision detection unit including an industrial camera.

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