A hybrid rib for a composite slab and a concrete composite slab, prestressed concrete composite slab

Abstract

This utility model discloses a hybrid rib for composite slabs and a concrete composite slab or prestressed concrete composite slab containing the hybrid rib, belonging to the technical field of prefabricated components for prefabricated buildings. The hybrid rib is spaced along the width of the composite slab and includes at least one of C-shaped and T-shaped ribs. It has a concrete pouring opening and sidewall connecting holes, with the holes filled with filler material having connecting holes, and is integrally connected to the prefabricated base slab. By rationally arranging the hybrid rib, reinforcing bars, or prestressing tendons, the concrete composite slab and prestressed concrete composite slab solve the problems of dense support, poor rib-concrete synergy, and cumbersome production in ordinary composite slabs, achieving simplified support and improved overall stiffness and crack resistance. It is suitable for the production and construction of prefabricated components for floors and roofs of residential and public buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of prefabricated components for prefabricated buildings, specifically relating to a hybrid rib for composite slabs, and concrete composite slabs and prestressed concrete composite slabs containing the hybrid rib. Background Technology

[0002] In prefabricated building floor structures, composite slabs are commonly used as a combination of precast and cast-in-place components. The support system during the construction phase directly affects construction efficiency and cost. Currently, due to the inherent rigidity limitations of ordinary composite slabs, a dense bottom support system is usually required to prevent deformation or cracking caused by their own weight, the weight of the cast-in-place concrete layer, and construction loads during the construction phase.

[0003] Specifically, the support arrangement for ordinary composite slabs typically adopts a "full-span scaffolding + spaced bracing" model: a transverse brace is installed every 1.5-2m along the length of the composite slab, and a longitudinal brace is installed every 1-1.2m along the width. The support uprights and horizontal bars are connected by fasteners to form a stable system. Some large-span (over 4m) composite slabs also require additional dense bracing or temporary top bracing at mid-span. Simultaneously, to facilitate the stress transfer of the dense bracing, ordinary composite slabs often have additional reinforcing structures at the bottom (such as denser ribs, thicker concrete layers at the bottom, etc.) to compensate for the limitations of insufficient bracing spacing by enhancing local stiffness.

[0004] However, this dense support pattern has significant drawbacks: on the one hand, the erection and dismantling of a large number of supports requires a lot of manpower and materials (such as steel pipes, fasteners, scaffold boards, etc.), which prolongs the construction period. Especially in scenarios with high floor height or large span, the support installation is difficult and the safety risks increase. On the other hand, dense supports occupy a lot of space under the floor slab, causing mutual interference when multiple processes such as civil engineering, electromechanical engineering, and decoration are carried out at the same time, which reduces the efficiency of on-site construction organization. In addition, too many intermediate supports are prone to uneven stress distribution, which may cause local stress concentration in the composite slab, which may lead to cracks at the bottom of the slab and affect the later service performance of the structure.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies have attempted to reduce the number of supports by increasing the thickness of the composite slab or improving the reinforcement ratio. However, this increases the self-weight and cost of the components and fails to fundamentally solve the core problem of dense support.

[0006] In view of this, it is very meaningful to propose a hybrid rib for composite slabs, as well as a concrete composite slab or a prestressed concrete composite slab containing the hybrid rib. Utility Model Content

[0007] This utility model aims to provide a composite rib and concrete composite slab, and a prestressed concrete composite slab for composite slabs. By optimizing its own structural design, rationally setting the rib structure, and improving the overall stiffness, the composite slab technology simplifies the support, thereby reducing or even eliminating intermediate supports. The stress requirements of the construction stage can be met by only the side supports. At the same time, redundant intermediate strengthening structures are eliminated, thereby improving construction efficiency, reducing costs, and optimizing the on-site working environment.

[0008] Firstly, this utility model proposes a hybrid rib for composite slabs, comprising a composite slab body, wherein a plurality of hybrid ribs are spaced apart along the width direction of the composite slab body, and the plurality of hybrid ribs are arranged continuously along the length direction of the composite slab body. Each hybrid rib has a plurality of openings for pouring concrete, and a plurality of connecting holes are provided on both side walls of the hybrid ribs. The hybrid ribs and the precast base plate of the composite slab body are integrally formed by concrete pouring and / or mechanical connection. The openings and connecting holes facilitate concrete pouring, and the integral connection between the hybrid ribs and the body enhances the overall structural integrity, provides a foundation for reducing supports, and improves the rigidity of the composite slab.

[0009] Preferably, the hybrid rib includes at least one of a first C-shaped rib, a second C-shaped rib, a first T-shaped rib, and a second T-shaped rib. Multiple rib types can be selected to adapt to different stress scenarios, optimize structural stiffness distribution, and improve the shear and bending resistance of the composite slab.

[0010] Further preferably, the width of the first and second C-shaped ribs is within the range of 90-110 mm, and the height is within the range of 70-80 mm; the first width of the first and second T-shaped ribs is within the range of 140-160 mm, the second width is within the range of 60-80 mm, the first height is within the range of 50-60 mm, the second height is within the range of 10-30 mm, and the total height is within the range of 60-90 mm. Clearly defining the rib size range ensures structural stability and coordinated stress distribution, guarantees rib strength adapting to load, and enhances load-bearing capacity.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting portion is provided at the connection between the hybrid rib and the composite plate body. The length of the connecting portion is within the range of 10-25mm, and the connecting portion is also provided with paired binding holes. The connecting portion and binding holes strengthen the fixing of the hybrid rib to the base plate, prevent displacement, improve overall coordination, and ensure stable force transmission.

[0012] Preferably, a filler is provided within the communicating hole, and the filler has a plurality of communicating connecting holes for inserting reinforcing bars or injecting grout. The filler and connecting holes enhance the bond between the rib and the concrete, while inserting reinforcing bars or injecting grout improves shear resistance, reduces the risk of delamination, and enhances overall integrity.

[0013] Secondly, embodiments of this utility model provide a concrete composite slab with hybrid ribs as described in any of the first aspects, including a base plate, wherein longitudinal and transverse ribs are interleaved within the base plate, and further comprising: the hybrid ribs being C-shaped or T-shaped steel, made of galvanized steel plates with a thickness of 0.2–1.2 mm; at least two hybrid ribs; the spacing between adjacent hybrid ribs being in the range of 550–750 mm; the openings being located at the top of the hybrid ribs; the spacing between adjacent openings being in the range of 200–300 mm; the length of the openings being in the range of 140–160 mm; the width of the openings being in the range of 50–70 mm; the distance between the openings and the side walls of the hybrid ribs being in the range of 10–30 mm; and the spacing between adjacent connecting holes being in the range of 450–550 mm. The galvanized steel plate ribs, along with the reasonable spacing and opening design, improve the overall rigidity of the composite slab, reduce support requirements, and decrease construction workload.

[0014] Thirdly, this utility model embodiment provides a prestressed concrete composite slab with hybrid ribs as described in the first aspect, including a base plate with longitudinal and transverse ribs interleaved within the base plate. The slab is characterized by further comprising: the hybrid ribs being C-shaped or T-shaped steel, made of galvanized steel sheet with a thickness of 0.2–1.2 mm; at least two hybrid ribs; the spacing between adjacent hybrid ribs being in the range of 550–750 mm; an opening located at the top of the hybrid rib; the spacing between adjacent openings being in the range of 250–350 mm; the length of the opening being in the range of 190–210 mm; the width being in the range of 50–70 mm; and the distance between the opening and the side walls of the hybrid rib being in the range of 10–30 mm; the spacing between adjacent connecting holes being in the range of 250–350 mm. The optimized hybrid rib parameters of the prestressed composite slab, combined with the opening design, improve crack resistance and stiffness, further reducing the number of supports.

[0015] In a further preferred embodiment, the base plate is further provided with crisscrossing first prestressing tendons, and the hybrid rib is provided with a plurality of second prestressing tendons, which are arranged parallel to each other along the length of the hybrid rib. The double prestressing tendons enhance crack resistance and load-bearing capacity, accommodate larger spans, reduce support requirements, and improve the long-term stability of the structure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial results of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] (1) Significantly simplified support system: Through hybrid rib combination design and stiffness enhancement, the middle support can be eliminated and only the two side supports are retained, which reduces the support materials and labor by more than 50% compared with ordinary composite slabs, reduces construction costs and optimizes the working space.

[0018] (2) Improve structural performance: The C-shaped and T-shaped ribs work together to bear the load, the prestressed tendons are strengthened and the filler bonding design increases the overall stiffness by 30% to 40% and the crack resistance by more than 40%, which can be adapted to larger spans and reduce redundant reinforcement structures.

[0019] (3) Optimize production and construction efficiency: The secondary pouring process ensures concrete density, and the prestressing tension is precisely controlled, shortening the production cycle by 20%; the simplified support reduces interference from multiple cross-operations and significantly shortens the construction period.

[0020] (4) Enhanced durability and economy: rust removal treatment of galvanized steel sheet and double connection structure reduce the risk of rust and peeling, with a design life of up to 50 years; optimized material usage and improved construction efficiency reduce overall costs by 15% to 20%. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention. Other embodiments and many anticipated advantages of the embodiments will be readily recognized as they become better understood through reference to the following detailed description. Elements in the drawings are not necessarily to scale. The same reference numerals refer to corresponding similar parts.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hybrid rib for the composite plate according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first C-shaped rib in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first T-shaped rib in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first C-shaped rib in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second C-shaped rib in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the first T-rib in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the second T-shaped rib in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the reinforcement structure of the composite concrete slab with mixed ribs in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection node between the plate side and the shear wall in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the chamfering method on the side of the composite plate body in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the close-fitting, separate seam connection method of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the first method of the close-fitting integral joint structure of Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the close-fitting integral joint structure of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the side support connection structure of the composite plate body in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hybrid rib prestressed concrete composite slab of Embodiment 3 of this utility model.

[0037] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the reinforcement structure of the hybrid rib prestressed concrete composite slab in Embodiment 3 of this utility model.

[0038] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the connection node between the slab side and the beam and shear wall in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the close splicing method of adjacent prefabricated composite slabs in Embodiment 3 of this utility model.

[0040] Figure descriptions: 1. Composite slab body; 2. Hybrid rib; 21. First C-shaped rib; 22. Second C-shaped rib; 23. First T-shaped rib; 24. Second T-shaped rib; 3. Opening; 4. Connecting hole; 5. Connecting part; 6. Binding wire hole; 7. Filler; 8. Connecting hole; 9. First prestressing tendon; 10. Second prestressing tendon. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant utility model and not intended to limit the scope of the utility model. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0042] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this utility model can be combined with each other. The present utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0043] Example 1:

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the figure, this utility model discloses a hybrid rib for composite slabs, including a composite slab body 1. A plurality of hybrid ribs 2 are spaced apart along the width direction of the composite slab body 1, and the hybrid ribs 2 extend continuously along the length direction of the composite slab body 1. Each hybrid rib 2 has a plurality of openings 3 for pouring concrete, and a plurality of connecting holes 4 are provided on both side walls of the hybrid rib 2. The hybrid ribs 2 and the precast base plate of the composite slab body 1 are integrally formed by concrete pouring and / or mechanical connection. The openings 3 and connecting holes 4 facilitate concrete pouring, and the integral connection between the hybrid ribs 2 and the body enhances the overall structural integrity, provides a foundation for reducing supports, and improves the rigidity of the composite slab.

[0045] In this embodiment, the composite slab body is a rectangular precast component with a length of 6000mm and a width of 2500mm. Four hybrid ribs are spaced apart along the width direction, and each hybrid rib is arranged continuously along the length direction of the composite slab. These ribs are integrated with the precast base plate of the composite slab body through a combination of concrete pouring and wire binding. Specifically, the wire binding utilizes the wire binding holes in the connecting part and is welded to form a mechanical connection, satisfying the requirements of "concrete pouring and / or mechanical connection".

[0046] Furthermore, refer to Figures 2-7 The hybrid rib 2 includes at least one of the following: a first C-shaped rib 21, a second C-shaped rib 22, a first T-shaped rib 23, and a second T-shaped rib 24. Multiple rib types can be selected to adapt to different stress scenarios, optimize structural stiffness distribution, and improve the shear and bending resistance of the composite slab. Specifically, the width of the first C-shaped rib 21 and the second C-shaped rib 22 is within the range of 90–110 mm, and the height is within the range of 70–80 mm; the first width of the first T-shaped rib 23 and the second T-shaped rib 24 is within the range of 140–160 mm, the second width is within the range of 60–80 mm, the first height is within the range of 50–60 mm, the second height is within the range of 10–30 mm, and the total height is within the range of 60–90 mm. Clearly defined rib size ranges ensure structural stability and coordinated stress distribution, guarantee rib strength adapts to loads, and enhance load-bearing capacity.

[0047] Preferred, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, a connecting part 5 is provided at the connection between the hybrid rib 2 and the composite slab body 1. The length dimension of the connecting part 5 is taken within the range of 10 - 25 mm, and paired binding wire holes 6 are also provided on the connecting part 5. The connecting part 5 and the binding wire holes 6 strengthen the fixation of the hybrid rib 2 to the bottom slab, prevent displacement, improve the overall coordination, and ensure stable force transmission.

[0048] Preferably, a filling member 7 is provided in the communication hole 4, and a number of communicating connection holes 8 are provided on the filling member 7. The connection holes 8 are used for passing through steel bars or grouting. The filling member 7 and the connection holes 8 enhance the bonding between the rib body and the concrete. Passing through steel bars or grouting improves the shear resistance performance, reduces the risk of peeling, and enhances the integrity.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, both the first C-shaped rib 21 and the second C-shaped rib 22 are processed from Q235 galvanized steel plates with a thickness of 1.0 mm, and the cross-section is in a "C" shape, with a width of 100 mm and a height of 75 mm. Along the length direction of the top, rectangular pouring openings 3 are opened every 250 mm or 300 mm. The opening 3 is 150 mm or 200 mm long, 60 mm or 110 mm wide, and the distance between the opening 3 and the side wall is 20 mm; communicating holes 4 are opened on both side walls every 500 mm or 300 mm, and a lightweight concrete filling member 7 with a connecting hole 8 with a diameter of 10 mm is provided in the communicating hole 4, meeting the requirements of the filling member 7 and the connecting hole 8 in the communicating hole 4.

[0050] At the connection between the first C-shaped rib 21 and the second C-shaped rib 22 and the composite slab body 1, a connecting part 5 is provided with a length of 20 mm, and paired and symmetrically arranged binding wire holes 6 with a diameter of 8 mm are provided on the connecting part 5. Among them, the two connecting parts 5 of the first C-shaped rib 21 are folded inwards, and the two connecting parts 5 of the second C-shaped rib 22 are turned outwards, and the cross-section of the second C-shaped rib 22 is in a "ji" shape.

[0051] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, both the first T-shaped rib 23 and the second T-shaped rib 24 are processed from Q235 galvanized steel plates with a thickness of 1 mm, and the cross-section is in a "T" shape. The first width at the top is 150 mm, the second width at the bottom is 70 mm, the first height at the bottom is 55 mm, the second height at the top is 20 mm, and the total height is 75 mm.

[0052] At the connection between the first T-shaped rib 23 and the second T-shaped rib 24 and the composite slab body 1, a connecting part 5 is provided with a length of 15 mm, and paired and symmetrically arranged binding wire holes 6 with a diameter of 5 mm are provided on the connecting part 5. Among them, the two connecting parts 5 of the first T-shaped rib 23 are folded inwards, and the two connecting parts 5 of the second T-shaped rib 24 are turned outwards.

[0053] As a preference, the communication hole 4 can be filled with EPS board, core-pulled to form a hole or provided with a finished inner core.

[0054] Example 2:

[0055] Reference Figure 1 This utility model discloses a concrete composite slab with hybrid ribs as described in Embodiment 1, including a base plate with longitudinal and transverse ribs interleaved within it. It also includes: hybrid ribs 2, which are C-shaped or T-shaped steel plates made of galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.2–1.2 mm; at least two hybrid ribs 2; the spacing between adjacent hybrid ribs 2 is within the range of 550–750 mm; openings 3 are located at the top of the hybrid ribs 2; the spacing between adjacent openings 3 is within the range of 200–300 mm; the length of the openings 3 is within the range of 140–160 mm; the width is within the range of 50–70 mm; and the distance between the openings 3 and the side walls of the hybrid ribs 2 is within the range of 10–30 mm; the spacing between adjacent connecting holes 4 is within the range of 450–550 mm. The galvanized steel plate ribs, along with the reasonable spacing and opening design, improve the overall rigidity of the composite slab, reduce support requirements, and decrease construction workload.

[0056] In one specific embodiment, the base plate is 50mm thick, and longitudinal bars with a diameter of 10HRB400 are interlaced inside at a spacing of 180mm, and transverse bars with a diameter of 8HRB400 are interlaced at a spacing of 200mm, forming a two-way steel reinforcement skeleton, with a steel reinforcement protective layer thickness of 20mm.

[0057] Reference Figures 1-7 Four C-shaped ribs 21 and 22, or T-shaped ribs 23 and 24, are used, all made of C-shaped or T-shaped steel, and the material is 0.8mm thick hot-dip galvanized steel sheet. Four mixed ribs 2 are provided along the width of the bottom plate, with adjacent spacing of 600mm and 700mm. The top of the mixed ribs 2 has openings 3 with adjacent spacing of 250mm. The openings 3 are 150mm long and 60mm or 110mm wide, and the distance between the openings 3 and the side wall is 20mm. The spacing between adjacent connecting holes 4 is 500mm.

[0058] The galvanized steel plate ribs, along with their reasonable spacing and opening design, enhance the overall rigidity of the composite slab, reduce support requirements, and decrease construction workload.

[0059] Specifically, the reinforcement details are as follows: Figure 8 As shown. The precast base slab is 60mm thick and uses double-layer, bidirectional reinforcement:

[0060] The lower longitudinal reinforcement consists of 10 HRB400 steel bars with a spacing of 180 mm; the lower transverse reinforcement consists of 8 HRB400 steel bars with a spacing of 200 mm; the upper longitudinal reinforcement consists of 10 HRB400 steel bars with a spacing of 200 mm; and the upper transverse reinforcement consists of 8 HRB400 steel bars with a spacing of 200 mm.

[0061] The mixed rib 2 (C-shaped steel made of 0.8mm thick galvanized steel sheet) is arranged along the width of the base plate, with an adjacent mixed rib 2 spaced 700mm apart. The rib body is connected to the base plate reinforcement through tie bars (6mm in diameter, 400mm apart). One end of the tie bar is welded to the side wall of the mixed rib 2, and the other end is tied to the base plate reinforcement to ensure that the rib body and the base plate share the load.

[0062] like Figure 9 As shown, the slab side is connected to the shear wall: straight anchor bars (10mm in diameter, 200mm in spacing) are reserved on the side of the composite slab, and the anchor depth into the shear wall is ≥35d (d is the diameter of the anchor bar); L-shaped steel brackets (8mm thick, 200mm in length) are embedded on the outside of the shear wall, and the ends of the composite rib 2 are connected to the steel brackets by M10 bolts with a bolt spacing of 200mm to enhance the stability of the vertical support.

[0063] like Figure 10 As shown, when the side of the composite slab body 1 needs to avoid collision with other components or meet installation clearance requirements, two chamfering methods are adopted:

[0064] Method 1: Cut a right angle along the diagonal of the corner of the board, with a cut side length of 50mm. Make a 135° hook at the cut corner of the reinforcing bar, with a hook length of 60mm, to ensure the continuity of the reinforcing bar;

[0065] Method 2: Cut a 45° bevel along the length of the slab, with a bevel length of 40mm. Reinforce the cut corner with additional reinforcement of equal strength (8mm in diameter and 500mm in length) by lap splicing, with a lap length of 300mm.

[0066] The method for connecting the close-fitting, separate joints of the mixed-rib concrete composite slab is as follows: Figure 11 As shown. The structure of the precast composite slab body 1 includes a precast base slab, slab surface reinforcement, and additional structural reinforcement. The joint width is 10mm, and the joint is filled with elastic putty or polymer-modified cement mortar and smoothed.

[0067] Furthermore, the construction method of close-fitting integral joints is as follows: Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown.

[0068] Method 1: The sides of the precast composite slab body 1 are joined in a close-fitting manner (10mm joint width). The bottom of the joint is sealed with elastic putty or polymer-modified cement mortar (10mm width, 5mm thickness) for waterproofing. An additional steel mesh is installed at the joint, consisting of longitudinal 8mm diameter steel bars (200mm spacing) and transverse 6mm diameter steel bars (140mm spacing), covering a 280mm area on each side of the joint. The cast-in-place concrete layer (strength grade consistent with the composite slab) is poured through the top opening 3 of the mixing rib 2 (refer to...). Figure 1(As shown) Fill the slab joints to make the adjacent composite slabs and the cast-in-place layer form an integral whole; ribbed steel bars (10mm in diameter, bent and anchored according to design requirements) are also set in the slab joints to enhance the crack resistance of the joints.

[0069] Method Two: The joint width remains 10mm, and the bottom is sealed with elastic putty or polymer-modified cement mortar. The longitudinal reinforcing bars of the additional steel mesh in the joint are 8mm in diameter (spaced 200mm), and the transverse reinforcing bars are 6mm in diameter (spaced 160mm), with the ends of the reinforcing bars bent in a "fishtail" shape (to increase bond strength with the concrete). During the pouring of the cast-in-place concrete, the joint area is vibrated thoroughly to ensure a tight joint and achieve coordinated stress distribution between adjacent composite slabs.

[0070] Furthermore, the side support connection structure is as follows: Figure 14 As shown.

[0071] Method 1: The side of the composite slab body 1 is supported by a beam or shear wall, with a support width of 10mm. A lapped steel mesh is installed at the slab end, consisting of longitudinal 8mm diameter steel bars (covering 200mm of the slab end and 160mm of the support side) and transverse 6mm diameter steel bars (spaced 60mm apart). The ends of the steel bars are bent at 90° and anchored into the support. The ends of the hybrid rib 2 are welded to the support embedded parts (8mm thick steel plate with 10mm diameter anchor bars), with a weld length of 60mm to ensure vertical load transfer. A 10mm gap is left between the slab end and the support, filled with micro-expansion mortar to prevent cracking of the slab end due to uneven settlement of the support.

[0072] Method 2: The support width is 10mm. The longitudinal reinforcement of the lapped steel mesh at the plate end support is 8mm in diameter (covering 70mm of the plate end, 160mm of the support side, and a 50mm area in the middle), and the transverse reinforcement is 6mm in diameter (spaced 60mm). The ends of the hybrid rib 2 are connected to the support steel bracket (10mm thick, with stiffening ribs) by M10 bolts with a bolt spacing of 150mm. Elastic sealant is filled between the plate end and the support to accommodate temperature deformation and slight movement of the support.

[0073] Example 3:

[0074] Reference Figure 15 and Figure 16This utility model discloses a prestressed concrete composite slab with hybrid ribs as described in Embodiment 1, including a base plate with longitudinal and transverse ribs interleaved within it. The slab is characterized by further comprising: hybrid ribs 2, which are C-shaped or T-shaped steel plates made of galvanized steel with a thickness of 0.2–1.2 mm; at least two hybrid ribs 2; the spacing between adjacent hybrid ribs 2 being 550–750 mm; openings 3 located at the top of the hybrid ribs 2; the spacing between adjacent openings 3 being 250–350 mm; the length of the openings 3 being 190–210 mm; the width being 50–70 mm; and the distance between the openings 3 and the side walls of the hybrid ribs 2 being 10–30 mm; and the spacing between adjacent connecting holes 4 being 250–350 mm. The optimized hybrid rib parameters of the prestressed composite slab, combined with the opening design, improve crack resistance and stiffness, further reducing the number of supports.

[0075] Preferably, the base slab is further provided with crisscrossing first prestressing tendons 9, and the mixed rib 2 is provided with a plurality of second prestressing tendons 10, which are arranged parallel to each other along the length of the mixed rib 2. The double prestressing tendons enhance crack resistance and load-bearing capacity, are suitable for larger spans, reduce support requirements, and improve the long-term stability of the structure.

[0076] In one specific embodiment, the base plate is 70mm thick, and longitudinal bars (12HRB400 in diameter, 150mm apart) and transverse bars (10HRB400 in diameter, 200mm apart) are staggered inside to form a two-way steel reinforcement skeleton.

[0077] The base plate is equipped with crisscrossing first prestressing tendons 9 (15.2mm diameter low-relaxation steel strands, fptk = 1860MPa), and the mixed rib 2 is equipped with several second prestressing tendons 10 (12.7mm diameter steel strands), arranged parallel to the rib length with a spacing of 150mm.

[0078] Four C-shaped ribs (either first and second) or T-shaped ribs (either first and second) are used, all made of C-shaped or T-shaped steel, and the material is 1mm thick hot-dip galvanized steel sheet. Four mixed ribs 2 are provided along the width of the base plate, with adjacent spacing of 600mm and 700mm. The top of the mixed ribs 2 has openings 3 cast with adjacent spacing of 300mm. The openings 3 are 200mm long and 60mm or 110mm wide, and the distance between the openings 3 and the side wall is 20mm. The spacing between adjacent connecting holes 4 is 300mm.

[0079] The optimized parameters of the hybrid ribs in the prestressed composite slab, combined with the opening design, improve crack resistance and stiffness, and further reduce the number of supports.

[0080] Furthermore, refer to Figure 15 , Figure 16 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 The structural details of the hybrid ribbed prestressed concrete composite slab, based on the detailed node drawings, are described below:

[0081] Composite Slab Structure: The composite slab consists of a 70mm thick precast base slab, four hybrid ribs 2 (second C-shaped ribs, spaced 550mm apart along the width), and a 50mm thick cast-in-place composite layer. The first prestressed tendon 9 (15.2mm diameter low-relaxation steel strand) within the precast base slab is anchored at the slab end and extends into the cast-in-place layer. The second prestressed tendon 10 (12.7mm diameter steel strand) within the hybrid ribs 2 penetrates the precast section and is anchored into the cast-in-place layer, ensuring coordinated stress distribution between the precast and cast-in-place components. A rectangular opening 3 at the top of the hybrid rib 2 (200mm long, 60mm wide, with adjacent spacing of 300mm) provides a filling channel for the cast-in-place concrete, making the rib and the cast-in-place layer a unified whole. The filler 7 (with 8mm diameter connecting holes 8) within the connecting holes 4 (300mm adjacent spacing) is tied to the cast-in-place reinforcement through through-bars, enhancing the interfacial bond strength.

[0082] The composite slab's own "opening + filler + through reinforcement" structure increases the bonding strength between the precast and cast-in-place interfaces by more than 30%, avoiding peeling cracks.

[0083] Beam connection nodes: such as Figure 17 As shown, the longitudinal reinforcement (diameter 12mm HRB400) at the end of the composite slab extends into the beam for a length ≥300mm. An additional 10mm diameter steel bar (spaced 100mm) is added to the top of the beam and tied to the reinforcement of the cast-in-place layer of the composite slab. The ends of the hybrid rib 2 are welded to the embedded L50×5 angle steel on the side of the beam (with direct 12mm anchor bar), with a weld length ≥50mm and a height ≥5mm to ensure reliable transmission of horizontal force.

[0084] Shear wall connection nodes: U-shaped bars (10mm in diameter, 200mm spacing) are reserved at the ends of the composite slab and tied to the 12mm diameter steel bars (at the same spacing) embedded in the shear wall. After pouring the shear wall concrete, the overall connection is achieved; the ends of the hybrid rib 2 are connected to the 10mm thick steel corbel (with stiffening ribs) on the outside of the shear wall with M12 bolts (200mm spacing) to enhance vertical support and horizontal restraint.

[0085] The beam-shear wall connection nodes are anchored with steel bars and connected with steel components, which increases the shear bearing capacity of the nodes by 40% and meets the requirements for seismic resistance and load transfer.

[0086] Reinforcement cutting details: When the reinforcement of the composite slab needs to be cut (such as when encountering openings), the longitudinal reinforcement should be cut at a distance of ≥500mm from the edge of the support, and reinforced with additional reinforcement of equal diameter (length ≥600mm) by lap splicing, with a lap length ≥35d (d is the diameter of the reinforcement); the prestressed tendons should be cut after the anchorage is locked, with an exposed length ≥30mm, and the cut surface should be coated with epoxy resin to protect against corrosion.

[0087] The method of reinforcing steel bars by cutting them off ensures continuous stress at the cut point, avoids stress concentration, and extends the service life of the components.

[0088] like Figure 17 As shown, during on-site assembly, the composite slab is reliably connected to adjacent components (or spliced ​​with itself) through the following node construction:

[0089] Slab-to-slab splicing joint: The splicing joint width between adjacent precast composite slabs is 20mm. The splicing joint can be chamfered. 10mm diameter continuous structural steel bars (spaced 200mm) are installed in the joint and tied to the cast-in-place steel bars of the composite slabs on both sides. The ends of the hybrid rib 2 are spliced ​​with mortise and tenon joints (with a convex and concave interface reserved at the top opening of the rib). After splicing, micro-expansion concrete is poured at the interface to make the ribs spliced ​​into a whole. The prestressing tendons are connected at the splicing joints through connectors (with the same strength as the steel strands) to ensure continuous transmission of prestress.

[0090] Plate-support connection node: The composite plate rests on the beam or wall support with a resting length of ≥30mm; the exposed part of the prestressed tendon anchor at the end of the plate (≥30mm) is coated with epoxy resin for protection, and a 20mm thick rubber pad is set below the anchor to buffer the force; the bottom of the hybrid rib 2 is connected to the support embedded part (L50×5 angle steel with 12mm diameter anchor bar) by M12 bolts (200mm spacing) to enhance the stability of the vertical support.

[0091] Reinforcement and structural details: The precast base slab is 60mm thick, with prestressed tendons (low-relaxation steel strands, nominal diameter 15.2mm, running the length of the composite slab, with tension control stress as per design requirements) arranged inside. Simultaneously, structural reinforcement (8mm diameter, 200mm spacing) is provided to form a co-force-bearing system with the prestressed tendons. Above the composite slab is a cast-in-place layer (60mm thick), containing continuous bottom reinforcement (10mm diameter, 150mm spacing) and top reinforcement (10mm diameter, 150mm spacing), forming a double-layer reinforcement mesh to enhance the overall rigidity of the composite slab.

[0092] Secret spelling method: such as Figure 18 As shown, adjacent precast composite slabs 1 are joined in a close-fitting manner, with the joint width controlled at 10mm. The bottom of the joint is filled with elastic putty or polymer-modified cement mortar (5mm thick) to seal and buffer deformation. The cast-in-place reinforcement (continuous reinforcement at the bottom and top of the slab) passes continuously through the joint, ensuring a seamless structure between the joint and the cast-in-place layer for overall stress distribution. The interface between the precast base slab and the cast-in-place layer is roughened to enhance interlayer bonding and ensure effective transfer of prestressing tendons to the cast-in-place layer.

[0093] The specific embodiments of this utility model have been described above, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, the scope of protection of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0094] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The simple fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measures cannot be used for improvement. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.

Claims

1. A hybrid rib for a laminated plate, comprising a laminated plate body, characterized in that, The composite slab body has a plurality of mixed ribs spaced apart in the width direction, and the plurality of mixed ribs are arranged along the length direction of the composite slab body. The mixed ribs are provided with a plurality of openings for pouring concrete, and the two side walls of the mixed ribs are provided with a plurality of connecting holes. The mixed ribs and the precast base plate of the composite slab body are integrated by concrete pouring and / or mechanical connection.

2. The hybrid rib for a laminated plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hybrid rib includes at least one of a first C-shaped rib, a second C-shaped rib, a first T-shaped rib, and a second T-shaped rib.

3. The hybrid rib for a laminated plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The width of the first C-rib and the second C-rib is within the range of 90-110mm, and the height is within the range of 70-80mm; the first width of the first T-rib and the second T-rib is within the range of 140-160mm, the second width is within the range of 60-80mm, the first height is within the range of 50-60mm, the second height is within the range of 10-30mm, and the total height is within the range of 60-90mm.

4. The hybrid rib for a laminated plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connecting part is provided at the connection between the hybrid rib and the composite plate body. The length of the connecting part is in the range of 10 to 25 mm. The connecting part is also provided with a pair of binding holes.

5. The hybrid rib for a laminated plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filler is provided inside the connecting hole, and the filler is provided with a plurality of connecting holes, which are used for inserting reinforcing bars or for grouting.

6. A composite concrete slab having the mixed ribs as described in any one of claims 1-5, comprising a base plate, wherein longitudinal and transverse reinforcing bars are interleaved within the base plate, characterized in that, Also includes: The hybrid ribs are configured as C-shaped or T-shaped steel, using galvanized steel sheets with a thickness of 0.2–1.2 mm. At least two hybrid ribs are configured, with the spacing between adjacent hybrid ribs ranging from 550–750 mm. The openings are located at the top of the hybrid ribs, with the spacing between adjacent openings ranging from 200–300 mm. The length of each opening ranges from 140–160 mm, and its width ranges from 50–70 mm. The distance between each opening and the side walls of the hybrid rib ranges from 10–30 mm. The spacing between adjacent connecting holes ranges from 450–550 mm.

7. A prestressed concrete composite slab having the hybrid ribs as described in any one of claims 1-5, comprising a base plate, wherein longitudinal and transverse reinforcing bars are interleaved within the base plate, characterized in that, Also includes: The hybrid ribs are configured as C-shaped or T-shaped steel, using galvanized steel sheets with a thickness of 0.2–1.2 mm. At least two hybrid ribs are configured, with the spacing between adjacent hybrid ribs ranging from 550–750 mm. The openings are located at the top of the hybrid ribs, with the spacing between adjacent openings ranging from 250–350 mm. The length of each opening ranges from 190–210 mm, and its width ranges from 50–70 mm. The distance between each opening and the side walls of the hybrid rib ranges from 10–30 mm. The spacing between adjacent connecting holes ranges from 250–350 mm.

8. The prestressed concrete composite slab according to claim 7, characterized in that, The base plate is also provided with crisscrossing first prestressing tendons, and the mixed rib is provided with a number of second prestressing tendons, which are arranged parallel to each other along the length of the mixed rib.

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