A potato on-film seeder

Abstract

This utility model provides a potato film-planting machine. It features a suspension assembly for connection to a tractor; a quantitative seed dispensing mechanism and a hole-planting mechanism for quantitatively dispensing potato seeds into planting holes; and a soil-shoveling assembly for excavating soil from furrows and transporting it to a soil-covering assembly. The soil then falls over the planting holes, covering the potatoes, thus enabling early film-planting of potatoes. This method achieves film breaking, quantitative seed dispensing, and fixed-hole soil covering, reducing manual labor, increasing planting speed, minimizing soil moisture loss, and improving potato germination rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of potato planting equipment technology, and more particularly to a potato film planter. Background Technology

[0002] Potatoes are an important food and economic crop in the arid and semi-arid regions of northern my country, and their growth and development are closely related to water conditions. During their growth cycle, insufficient water supply can lead to a reduction in photosynthetic area, delayed tuber formation, and a 30%-50% decrease in yield per plant. However, in major potato-producing areas of Northwest my country, such as Gansu, annual rainfall is generally low, with over 60% concentrated between July and September, which does not coincide with the critical water requirement period for potatoes.

[0003] In traditional planting methods, potatoes in Gansu Province are mostly grown through direct seeding in open fields or by ordinary mulching, which suffers from problems such as high soil moisture evaporation and low rainfall utilization. In open-field planting, the soil is bare after spring tillage, resulting in surface moisture loss of 35%-45%, making it difficult for seed potatoes to germinate and grow after planting. While ordinary mulching can reduce evaporation, the soil temperature under the mulch rises slowly because mulching is done simultaneously with planting, and the planting holes easily become channels for water loss, failing to meet the water requirements of seedlings in dry years. Therefore, a planting method of early mulching to increase soil moisture content, followed by hole planting on the mulch, has emerged. However, in existing technologies, traditional mulching requires manual breaking of the mulch to release seedlings, which not only increases labor costs but also, due to the long interval between planting and mulching breaking, easily causes soil compaction around the mulch holes, exacerbating root growth obstacles. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application provides a potato film-covered planter, including a frame, a walking mechanism, a film-breaking and hole-making planting mechanism, and a hole-fixing and soil-covering mechanism; The front end of the frame is provided with a suspension assembly, which can be suspended to the tractor; the walking mechanism includes walking wheels and a transmission mechanism; the transmission mechanism is connected to the walking wheels, the film breaking and hole-making and sowing mechanism, and the hole-fixing and soil-covering mechanism, and can transmit the power of the walking wheels to the film breaking and hole-making and sowing mechanism and the hole-fixing and soil-covering mechanism. The film-breaking and hole-drilling planting mechanism includes a quantitative seed metering mechanism and a hole-drilling and planting mechanism; the hole-drilling and planting mechanism is rotatably mounted on the frame and located below the quantitative seed metering mechanism; the quantitative seed metering mechanism can quantitatively deliver potato seeds to the duckbill hole-forming component of the hole-drilling and planting mechanism; the duckbill hole-forming component can be inserted into the film-covered soil to form a planting hole and discharge the potato seed into the planting hole; the hole-fixing and soil-covering mechanism includes a soil-shoveling component and a soil-covering component; the soil-shoveling component is rotatably mounted on one side of the duckbill hole-forming component; the soil-covering component is inclinedly mounted at the rear end of the soil-shoveling component and the duckbill hole-forming component.

[0005] In some embodiments of this application, the shovel assembly includes a drive sprocket, a driven sprocket, a shovel chain, and a digging shovel assembly; the drive sprocket is connected to a transmission mechanism; the shovel chain is sleeved on the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket; and the digging shovel assembly is disposed on the shovel chain.

[0006] In some embodiments of this application, there are multiple excavator shovel assemblies, which are evenly distributed along the movement direction of the shovel chain and fixedly installed at the links of the shovel chain.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, the soil-shoveling assembly further includes an adjustment assembly, which includes an adjustment bracket and an adjustment drive unit; one end of the adjustment bracket is hinged to the driven sprocket, and the other end is connected to one end of the adjustment drive unit; the other end of the adjustment drive unit is hinged to the frame.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the quantitative seeding mechanism includes a storage hopper and a quantitative seeding component; the quantitative seeding component includes a seeding sprocket, a seeding roller, a seeding chain, and seed cups; the seeding sprocket is connected to the transmission mechanism, the seeding roller is mounted on the frame, the seeding chain passes through the storage hopper and is sleeved on the seeding sprocket and the seeding roller; and a plurality of seed cups are fixedly connected to the seeding chain.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, the seed cup includes a hollow hemispherical cup body, and through holes are provided on the bottom and side walls of the cup body.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, the hole-forming and seeding mechanism includes two inner discs spaced apart, an outer disc, a connecting plate, a rotating shaft, and a duckbill hole-forming assembly; the two inner discs are sleeved on the rotating shaft and spaced apart; the outer disc is disposed on one side of one of the inner discs and is eccentrically disposed with respect to the inner disc; one end of the connecting plate is hinged to the inner disc, and the other end is hinged to the outer disc; a plurality of duckbill hole-forming assemblies are spaced apart between the two inner discs around the rotating shaft.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the duckbill aspiration assembly includes an inoculation cup, a detachable duckbill aspiration cup, and a spring; two duckbill aspiration cups are symmetrically arranged below the inoculation cup; and the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the two duckbill aspiration cups.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the soil covering assembly includes a soil covering conveyor, a retaining plate, a lifting unit, and an opening / closing control assembly; one end of the soil covering conveyor is hinged to the frame, and the upper part of the retaining plate is hinged to the other end of the soil covering conveyor; the top end of the lifting unit is hinged to the frame, and the lower end is hinged to the soil covering conveyor; the opening / closing control assembly includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a spring, and a rotary connector; the first connecting rod is disposed at the lower part of the retaining plate; the rotary connector includes a connecting shaft and a rotating sleeve sleeved on the connecting shaft; one end of the connecting shaft is disposed on the frame, and the rotating sleeve is connected to the middle part of the second connecting rod to form a fulcrum of the second connecting rod; one end of the spring is connected to the second connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the rotary connector.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the soil covering assembly further includes a stop member; the stop member is disposed on the frame; a through hole is formed on the stop member, and the second connecting rod passes through the through hole.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: The potato film-planting machine of this application can be connected to the tractor by setting a suspension component; the seed metering mechanism and the hole-planting mechanism can quantitatively discharge potato seeds into the planting holes; the soil-shoveling component can dig the soil in the furrows and transport the excavated soil to the soil covering component. After passing through the soil covering component, the soil falls on top of the planting hole to cover the potato seed, realizing the early film-film-hole-planting method of potatoes. It can realize film breaking, quantitative seeding and hole-covering, reduce manual input, increase planting speed, reduce soil moisture loss and increase potato germination rate.

[0015] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and explanatory, and do not limit this document. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this document, are used to provide a further understanding of the document. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions herein are used to explain the document and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a potato film planter provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a potato film planter provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a front view of a potato film planter provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a top view of a potato film planter provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a side view of a potato film planter provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hole-fixing and soil-covering mechanism provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a quantitative seeding mechanism provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hole-planting mechanism provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a front view of a hole-planting mechanism provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application; Figure 10 This is a side view of a hole-planting mechanism provided in an exemplary embodiment of this application.

[0017] In the picture: 10. Frame; 11. Suspension assembly; 21. Wheels; 22. Transmission mechanism; 31. Quantitative seed metering mechanism; 311. Storage hopper; 312. Seed metering sprocket; 313. Seed metering roller; 314. Seed metering chain; 315. Seed cup; 32. Hole-opening and sowing mechanism; 321. Inner disc; 322. Outer disc; 323. Rotating shaft; 324. Connecting plate; 325. Inoculation cup; 326. Duckbill hole-opening cup; 327. First guide 328. Guide component; 329. Spring; 41. Soil-shoveling assembly; 411. Drive sprocket; 412. Driven sprocket; 413. Soil-shoveling chain; 414. Digging shovel assembly; 415. Adjustment assembly; 42. Soil-covering assembly; 421. Soil-covering conveyor; 422. Retaining plate; 423. Lifting unit; 424. First connecting rod; 425. Second connecting rod; 426. Rotary connector; 427. Stop. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

[0019] Potatoes are an important food and economic crop in the arid and semi-arid regions of northern my country, and their growth and development are closely related to water conditions. During their growth cycle, insufficient water supply can lead to a reduction in photosynthetic area, delayed tuber formation, and a 30%-50% decrease in yield per plant. However, in major potato-producing areas of Northwest my country, such as Gansu, annual rainfall is generally low, with over 60% concentrated between July and September, which does not coincide with the critical water requirement period for potatoes.

[0020] In traditional planting methods, potatoes in Gansu Province are mostly grown through direct seeding in open fields or by ordinary mulching, which suffers from problems such as high soil moisture evaporation and low rainfall utilization. In open-field planting, the soil is bare after spring tillage, resulting in surface moisture loss of 35%-45%, making it difficult for seed potatoes to germinate and grow after planting. While ordinary mulching can reduce evaporation, the soil temperature under the mulch rises slowly because mulching is done simultaneously with planting, and the planting holes easily become channels for water loss, failing to meet the water requirements of seedlings in dry years. Therefore, a planting method of early mulching to increase soil moisture content, followed by hole planting on the mulch, has emerged. However, in existing technologies, traditional mulching requires manual breaking of the mulch to release seedlings, which not only increases labor costs but also, due to the long interval between planting and mulching breaking, easily causes soil compaction around the mulch holes, exacerbating root growth obstacles.

[0021] Based on this, an exemplary embodiment of this application provides a potato film-planting machine, which can be connected to a tractor by setting a suspension component; it can quantitatively discharge potato seeds into the seed holes by setting a quantitative seed dispensing mechanism and a hole-planting mechanism; it can dig the soil in the furrows by setting a soil shovel component, and transport the excavated soil to the soil covering component. After passing through the soil covering component, the soil falls on top of the seed holes to cover the potato seeds, realizing the early film-planting method of potatoes. It can realize film breaking, quantitative seed dispensing and fixed hole covering, reduce manual input, increase planting speed, reduce soil moisture loss and increase potato germination rate.

[0022] An exemplary embodiment of this application provides a potato film planter, such as... Figures 1 to 5As shown, the potato film-covered planter includes a frame 10, a walking mechanism, a film-breaking and hole-drilling planting mechanism 32, and a hole-fixing and soil-covering mechanism. The frame 10 serves as the overall skeleton of the planter, mainly comprising crossbeams, vertical beams, and a protective cover. A suspension assembly 11 is located at the front end of the frame 10, enabling three-point suspension connection with the tractor to ensure the planter's movement and provide power. The walking mechanism includes walking wheels 21 and a transmission mechanism 22. The walking wheels 21 are connected to the transmission mechanism 22 via a drive shaft, transmitting the rotational power of the walking wheels 21 to the transmission mechanism 22. The transmission mechanism 22 is preferably a chain drive, and is connected to the film-breaking and hole-drilling planting mechanism 32 and the hole-fixing and soil-covering mechanism, transmitting the power of the walking wheels 21 to these components.

[0023] The film-breaking and hole-drilling planting mechanism 32 includes a quantitative seed metering mechanism 31 and a hole-drilling and planting mechanism 32. The hole-drilling and planting mechanism 32 is rotatably mounted on the frame 10 and located below the quantitative seed metering mechanism 31. The quantitative seed metering mechanism 31 can quantitatively deliver potato seeds to the duckbill hole-forming component of the hole-drilling and planting mechanism 32. The duckbill hole-forming component can be inserted into the film-covered soil to form a planting hole and discharge the potato seed into the planting hole. The hole-fixing and soil-covering mechanism includes a soil-shoveling component 41 and a soil-covering component 42. The soil-shoveling component 41 is rotatably mounted on one side of the duckbill hole-forming component. The soil-covering component 42 is inclined at the rear end of the soil-shoveling component 41 and the duckbill hole-forming component. The quantitative seed metering mechanism 31 includes a storage hopper 311 and a quantitative seed metering component. The storage hopper 311 is conical, and its bottom is provided with a through hole through which the seed metering chain 314 of the quantitative seed metering component passes. Preferably, in this application, there are two quantitative seed metering components, two hole-planting mechanisms 32, and two hole-covering mechanisms. The two quantitative seed metering components are arranged side by side, and the two hole-planting mechanisms 32 are arranged side by side below the quantitative seed metering components, so that the potato seeds delivered by the quantitative seed metering components can accurately fall into the hole-planting mechanisms 32. Preferably, the two hole-planting mechanisms 32 start with a phase angle difference of 90°, and operate asynchronously, thereby achieving a two-row potato seedling layout on the same ridge, ensuring uniform distribution of seed potatoes and a well-ventilated and light-permeable growing environment. As the hole-planting mechanism 32 rotates, the duckbill-shaped hole-forming component of the hole-planting mechanism 32 pierces the covering film and inserts into the soil, delivering the potato seed into the soil. Then, the hole-covering mechanism delivers soil from the furrow and covers the potato seed.

[0024] like Figure 6As shown, the shovel assembly 41 includes a drive sprocket 411, a driven sprocket 412, a shovel chain 413, and a digging shovel assembly 414. The drive sprocket 411 is connected to the transmission mechanism 22 via a rotating shaft 323 to drive the drive sprocket to rotate. The rotating shaft 323 can be mounted on the frame 10. The shovel chain 413 is sleeved on the drive sprocket 411 and the driven sprocket 412. The digging shovel assembly 414 is mounted on the shovel chain 413. There are multiple digging shovel assemblies 414, which are evenly distributed along the movement direction of the shovel chain 413. Preferably, the digging shovel assemblies 414 are fixedly installed at the links of the shovel chain 413 to improve the overall structural strength of the shovel assembly 41 and prevent the shovel chain 413 from breaking during operation.

[0025] like Figure 4 As shown, along the direction of travel of the seeder, the shovel assembly 41 and the traveling wheel 21 are on the same horizontal line, so that when the traveling wheel 21 travels along the furrow, it ensures that the shovel assembly 414 can dig the soil in the furrow, reduce damage to the mulch and ridges, and avoid problems such as tearing of the mulch and collapse of the seedbed.

[0026] Preferably, the excavating shovel assembly 414 includes a V-shaped shovel with an included angle of 120°, which can obtain more soil while minimizing damage to the mulch film.

[0027] In one exemplary embodiment, the soil-shoveling assembly 41 further includes an adjustment assembly 415, which includes an adjustment bracket and an adjustment drive unit. Preferably, the adjustment bracket is a U-shaped bracket, with one end hinged to the driven sprocket 412 and the other end connected to one end of the adjustment drive unit. The other end of the adjustment drive unit is hinged to the frame 10. The adjustment drive unit is preferably a hydraulic cylinder, which, under the drive of the adjustment drive unit, can adjust the depth of the digging shovel assembly 414 into the soil, thereby adjusting the amount of soil applied. Simultaneously, it can adapt to undulating terrain, improving the adaptability of the seeder.

[0028] like Figure 7As shown, the quantitative seed metering assembly includes a seed metering chain 314, a seed metering roller 313, a seed metering chain 314, and seed cups 315. The seed metering chain 314, with its wheel 312, is connected to the transmission mechanism 22. The seed metering roller 313 is mounted on the frame 10. The seed metering chain 314 passes through the storage hopper 311 and is fitted onto the seed metering chain 314, wheel 312, and roller 313. Multiple seed cups 315 are fixed to the seed metering chain 314. When the seeder moves, the transmission mechanism 22 transmits power to the seed metering chain 314, driving the seed metering chain 314 to move, which in turn drives the seed cups 315 to move around the seed metering chain 314, wheel 312, and roller 313. The seed cup 315 includes a hollow hemispherical cup body, forming a first seed-containing space inside. Through holes are provided on the bottom and side walls of the cup body. A second seed-holding space is formed between the through hole on the bottom wall of the seed cup 315 and the seed cup 315. The seed-dispensing chain 314 located in the storage hopper 311 moves from bottom to top. The seed can be scooped up in the first seed-holding space of each seed cup 315. When the seed cup 315 passes the highest point of the seed-dispensing roller 313, the seed cup 315 continues to move. The seed in the first seed-holding space will fall into the second seed-holding space of the seed cup 315 below under the action of gravity. The seed cup 315 below continues to move. When it moves to near the lowest point of the seed-dispensing chain 314 wheel 312, the seed enters the inoculation cup 325 of the duckbill hole-forming component under the action of gravity.

[0029] In order to adapt to the rotational speed of the seed metering chain 314 and the hole-planting mechanism 32, the transmission mechanism 22 also includes a gearbox.

[0030] like Figures 8 to 10As shown, the hole-forming and seeding mechanism 32 includes two inner discs 321 spaced apart, an outer disc 322, a connecting plate 324, a rotating shaft 323, and a duckbill hole-forming assembly. The two inner discs 321 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 323 and spaced apart. Each inner disc 321 includes an inner disc body and a connecting portion extending outward along the circumference of the inner disc body. The outer disc 322 is disposed on one side of one of the inner discs 321 and is eccentrically disposed with respect to the inner disc 321. One end of the connecting plate 324 is hinged to the inner disc 321, and the other end is hinged to the outer disc 322. Multiple duckbill hole-forming assemblies are spaced apart between the two inner discs 321 around the rotating shaft 323. Exemplarily, in this application, four duckbill hole-forming assemblies are arranged at equal intervals around the rotating shaft 323. Since the distances from the center of the inner disc 321 to the hinge point between the inner disc 321 and the connecting plate 324, the distances from the center of the outer disc 322 to the hinge point between the outer disc 322 and the connecting plate 324, the distances between the two hinge points of the connecting plate 324, and the distances between the center of the inner disc 321 and the center of the outer disc 322 all remain unchanged, the distances from the center of the inner disc 321 to the hinge point between the inner disc 321 and the connecting plate 324, the distances from the center of the outer disc 322 to the hinge point between the outer disc 322 and the connecting plate 324, the distances between the two hinge points of the connecting plate 324, and the distances from the center of the inner disc 321 to the center of the outer disc 322 form a parallelogram mechanism, which ensures that the duckbill forming cup 326 of the duckbill forming assembly always faces the soil.

[0031] The duckbill-shaped hole-forming assembly includes an inoculation cup 325, two detachable duckbill-shaped hole-forming cups 326, and a spring 329. Two duckbill-shaped hole-forming cups 326 are symmetrically arranged below the inoculation cup 325. The two ends of the spring 329 are connected to the two duckbill-shaped hole-forming cups 326 respectively. Before the duckbill-shaped hole-forming cups 326 enter the soil, the spring 329 causes the two cups to close, preventing the potato seed from falling out. As the inner plate 321 and outer plate 322 rotate, the duckbill-shaped hole-forming assembly also rotates, causing the duckbill-shaped hole-forming cups 326 to penetrate the covering film and make holes in the soil. A first guide 327, which can be a roller, is provided at the top of the duckbill-shaped hole-forming cup 326 near the inner plate 321. A second guide 328, which has an inclined surface, is provided on the inner wall of the inner plate 321. When drilling holes, the first guide member 327 can move along the inclined surface of the second guide member 328, which causes the duckbill hole-forming cup 326 to be compressed. Under the action of the spring 329, the lower parts of the two duckbill hole-forming cups 326 separate, and the potato seed enters the hole. As the duckbill hole-forming assembly continues to rotate, the duckbill hole-forming cup 326 leaves the soil. Under the action of the spring 329, the two duckbill hole-forming cups 326 close.

[0032] like Figure 6As shown, the soil covering assembly 42 includes a soil covering conveyor 421, a retaining plate 422, a lifting unit 423, and an opening and closing control assembly; one end of the soil covering conveyor 421 is hinged to the frame 10, and the upper part of the retaining plate 422 is hinged to the other end of the soil covering conveyor 421; the top end of the lifting unit 423 is hinged to the frame 10, and the lower end is hinged to the soil covering conveyor 421; preferably, the lifting unit 423 is a hydraulic cylinder to adjust the tilt angle of the soil covering assembly 42. Figure 6 and 8 As shown, the opening and closing control assembly includes a first connecting rod 424, a second connecting rod 425, a spring, and a rotating connector 426. The first connecting rod 424 is located at the lower part of the retaining plate 422. The rotating connector 426 includes a connecting shaft and a rotating sleeve sleeved on the connecting shaft. One end of the connecting shaft is located on the frame 10, and the rotating sleeve is connected to the middle of the second connecting rod 425 to form the fulcrum of the second connecting rod 425. One end of the spring is connected to the second connecting rod 425, and the other end is connected to the rotating connector 426. The soil covering assembly 42 also includes a stop 427. The stop 427 is located on the frame 10. An elongated through hole is formed on the stop 427, through which the second connecting rod 425 passes.

[0033] One end of the second connecting rod 425 overlaps the upper part of the first connecting rod 424, and the other end extends to the upper part of the connecting part of the inner plate 321. When the inner plate 321 rotates, it drives one end of the second connecting rod 425 to move upward, causing the other end of the second connecting rod 425 to move downward, which in turn causes the first connecting rod 424 to move downward, causing the retaining plate 422 to rotate around the hinge point, and the soil in the soil covering conveyor 421 falls down to cover the potato seed. In this way, the opening and closing of the retaining plate 422 is matched with the rotation cycle of the duckbill hole-forming component to achieve fixed hole covering.

[0034] In this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device that includes said element.

[0035] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0036] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, the intent of this application also includes these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A potato film-planting machine, characterized in that, This includes the frame, walking mechanism, film-breaking and hole-opening seeding mechanism, and hole-fixing and soil-covering mechanism; The front end of the frame is provided with a suspension assembly, which can be suspended to the tractor; the walking mechanism includes walking wheels and a transmission mechanism; the transmission mechanism is connected to the walking wheels, the film breaking and hole-making and sowing mechanism, and the hole-fixing and soil-covering mechanism, and can transmit the power of the walking wheels to the film breaking and hole-making and sowing mechanism and the hole-fixing and soil-covering mechanism. The film-breaking and hole-drilling planting mechanism includes a quantitative seed metering mechanism and a hole-drilling and planting mechanism; the hole-drilling and planting mechanism is rotatably mounted on the frame and located below the quantitative seed metering mechanism; the quantitative seed metering mechanism can quantitatively deliver potato seeds to the duckbill hole-forming component of the hole-drilling and planting mechanism; the duckbill hole-forming component can be inserted into the film-covered soil to form a planting hole and discharge the potato seed into the planting hole; the hole-fixing and soil-covering mechanism includes a soil-shoveling component and a soil-covering component; the soil-shoveling component is rotatably mounted on one side of the duckbill hole-forming component; the soil-covering component is inclinedly mounted at the rear end of the soil-shoveling component and the duckbill hole-forming component.

2. The potato film-planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shovel assembly includes a drive sprocket, a driven sprocket, a shovel chain, and a digging shovel assembly; the drive sprocket is connected to a transmission mechanism; the shovel chain is sleeved on the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket; and the digging shovel assembly is mounted on the shovel chain.

3. The potato film-planting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The excavating shovel assembly comprises multiple components, which are evenly distributed along the movement direction of the shovel chain and fixedly installed at the links of the shovel chain.

4. The potato film-planting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The soil-shoveling assembly also includes an adjustment assembly, which includes an adjustment bracket and an adjustment drive unit; one end of the adjustment bracket is hinged to the driven sprocket, and the other end is connected to one end of the adjustment drive unit; the other end of the adjustment drive unit is hinged to the frame.

5. The potato film-planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The quantitative seed metering mechanism includes a storage hopper and a quantitative seed metering component; the quantitative seed metering component includes a seed metering sprocket, a seed metering roller, a seed metering chain, and seed cups; the seed metering sprocket is connected to the transmission mechanism, the seed metering roller is mounted on the frame, the seed metering chain passes through the storage hopper and is sleeved on the seed metering sprocket and the seed metering roller; a plurality of seed cups are fixed to the seed metering chain.

6. The potato film-planting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cup includes a hollow hemispherical cup body, and through holes are provided on the bottom and side walls of the cup body.

7. The potato film-planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hole-forming and seeding mechanism includes two inner discs spaced apart, an outer disc, a connecting plate, a rotating shaft, and a duckbill hole-forming assembly. The two inner discs are sleeved on the rotating shaft and spaced apart. The outer disc is disposed on one side of one of the inner discs and is eccentrically disposed with respect to the inner disc. One end of the connecting plate is hinged to the inner disc, and the other end is hinged to the outer disc. A plurality of duckbill hole-forming assemblies are spaced apart between the two inner discs around the rotating shaft.

8. The potato film-planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The duckbill aspiration assembly includes an inoculation cup, a detachable duckbill aspiration cup, and a spring; two duckbill aspiration cups are symmetrically arranged below the inoculation cup; the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the two duckbill aspiration cups.

9. The potato film-planting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The soil covering assembly includes a soil covering conveyor, a retaining plate, a lifting unit, and an opening / closing control assembly. One end of the soil covering conveyor is hinged to the frame, and the upper part of the retaining plate is hinged to the other end of the soil covering conveyor. The top end of the lifting unit is hinged to the frame, and the lower end is hinged to the soil covering conveyor. The opening / closing control assembly includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a spring, and a rotary connector. The first connecting rod is located at the lower part of the retaining plate. The rotary connector includes a connecting shaft and a rotating sleeve sleeved on the connecting shaft. One end of the connecting shaft is located on the frame, and the rotating sleeve is connected to the middle part of the second connecting rod, forming the fulcrum of the second connecting rod. One end of the spring is connected to the second connecting rod, and the other end is connected to the rotary connector.

10. The potato film-planting machine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The soil covering assembly also includes a stop; the stop is disposed on the frame; a through hole is formed on the stop, and the second connecting rod passes through the through hole.

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